China's main stock market index, the SHANGHAI, rose to 3883 points on September 30, 2025, gaining 0.52% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 0.19% and is up 11.26% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from China. China Shanghai Composite Stock Market Index - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

At the end of *************, the Shenzhen Component Index value was *********, an increase of about 1,000 index points from *************. The data clearly shows how the value of the index increased before the stock market crash of 2015 and the following sell-off in the following year. In addition to that, the low year-end index value of 2018 was the result of the worst trading year of the decade on Chinese stock exchanges. Together, stocks on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges lost around ** percent in that year.

According to a survey conducted by Ipsos on predictions for global issues in 2020, ** percent of Chinese believed it that major stock markets might crash in 2020. The results of the survey showed that Chinese were among the most optimistic regarding the stock market in 2020.

We examine the effect of minority state ownership on firm performance using the Chinese stock market crash in 2015. We find that treatment firms with minority state ownership accumulated from governmental purchases of equities experience significant reductions in operating performance. The negative impact is more severe in firms with higher riskiness and firms with less powerful large shareholders. We also find that treatment firms’ risk decreases and their employment increases after minority state shareholders step in, providing supportive evidence on the government’s motives of reducing risk and preventing mass layoffs. Further tests reveal the channels through which minority state ownership impedes investment efficiency, productivity, and innovation. The negative impact diminishes when government institutions divest their shares in a timely manner. Overall, our results suggest there are unintended negative consequences of minority state ownership arising from the governmental rescue package in a market crisis.

Emotions are fundamental elements driving humans’ decision-making and information processing. Fear is one of the most common emotions influencing investors’ behaviors in the stock market. Although many studies have been conducted to explore the impacts of fear on investors’ investment performance and trading behaviors, little is known about factors contributing to and alleviating investors’ fear during the market crash (or extremely volatile periods) and their fear regulation after the crisis. Thus, the current data descriptor provides details of a dataset of 1526 Chinese and Vietnamese investors, a potential resource for researchers to fill in the gap. The dataset was designed and structured based on the information-processing perspective of the Mindsponge Theory and existing evidence in life sciences. The Bayesian Mindsponge Framework (BMF) analytics validated the data. Insights generated from the dataset are expected to help researchers expand the existing literature on behavioral finance and the psychology of fear, improve the investment effectiveness among investors, and inform policymakers on strategies to mitigate the negative impacts of market crashes on the stock market.

Chinese listed companies data, encompasses stock price crash risk variables, audit system change records, and other necessary control variables. Date Submitted: 2023-11-18

Revenue for the Residential Real Estate industry in China is expected to decrease at a CAGR of 9.8% over the five years through 2025. This trend includes an expected decrease of 9.6% in the current year.Since August 2020, the People's Bank of China and the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission have proposed three debt indicators for real estate development and management companies through which the company's financial health can be rated. This new policy has exacerbated the company's debt pressure, making it unable to repay old debts by borrowing new debt. Some real estate companies faced a liquidity crisis.In 2022, the city's lockdown and laying-off caused by COVID-19 epidemic led to the pressure of delaying the delivery of houses. The industry's newly constructed and completed areas decreased significantly throughout the year. In addition, the epidemic has impacted sales in the industry, and some sales offices have been forced to close temporarily. In 2022, the residential sales area decreased by 26.8%, and the residential sales decreased by 31.2%.Industry revenue will recover at an annualized 0.7% over the five years through 2030. Over the next five years, the industry's drag on GDP will weaken, and industry growth will stabilize. However, high housing prices have become a major social problem in China. Under the measures on the principle that residential real estate is used for living, not speculation, the financial attributes of real estate will gradually weaken, and housing prices will tend to stabilize.

This study uses panel data on Chinese A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen covering 2014 to 2020 selected through the following screening: first, we exclude listed companies in the finance and insurance sectors; second, we exclude listed companies in ST and *ST (Special Treatment); finally, we exclude samples that lack important data. This approach generates 8,658 valid research sample observations. The data are obtained from several official websites, such as those for CSMAR (China Stock Market & Accounting Research Database), CNRDS (Chinese Research Data Services), and the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges.In this study, the descriptive and relevance of the final data was tested using Stata software, and baseline regression, threshold regression, and robustness and heterogeneity tests were performed. The final data were tested for descriptiveness and correlation using Stata software, and baseline regression, threshold regression, and robustness and heterogeneity tests were performed.

Housing markets are often characterized by price bubbles, and governments have instituted policies to stabilize them. Under this circumstance, this study addresses the following questions. (1) Does policy tightening change expectations in housing prices, revealing a regime change? (2) If so, what determines the housing market’s reaction to policy tightening? To answer these questions, we examine the effects of policy tightening that occurred in 2016 on the Chinese housing market where a price boom persisted in the post-2000 period. Using a log-periodic power law model and employing a modified multi-population genetic algorithm for parameter estimation, we find that tightening policy in China did not cause a market crash; instead, shifting the Chinese housing market from faster-than-exponential growth to a soft landing. We attribute this regime shift to low sensitivity in the Chinese housing market to global perturbations. Our findings suggest that government policies can help stabilize housing prices and improve market conditions when implemented expediently. Moreover, policymakers should consider preparedness for the possibility of an economic crisis and other social needs (e.g., housing affordability) for overall social welfare when managing housing price bubbles.

Vehicle Crash Test Barrier Market Outlook

The global market size of the Vehicle Crash Test Barrier Market is poised for significant growth, with estimates predicting it will rise from USD 1.2 billion in 2023 to USD 2.3 billion by 2032, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.9%. This robust growth is primarily driven by the increasing emphasis on vehicle safety, stringent regulatory standards, and the rising number of vehicular accidents worldwide.

The growth factors for this market are multifaceted. Firstly, the rising consumer awareness regarding vehicle safety has significantly boosted the demand for rigorous crash testing. Consumers are increasingly prioritizing safety ratings when purchasing vehicles, which compels manufacturers to invest heavily in advanced crash testing technologies. Furthermore, governmental regulations and safety standards are becoming more stringent globally, necessitating comprehensive vehicle testing to ensure compliance. This regulatory pressure is a significant driver for the market.

Another significant growth factor is the ongoing advancements in automotive technology. The rise of electric and autonomous vehicles requires new and more sophisticated crash testing methodologies. These advancements are not only pushing the boundaries of current testing protocols but also necessitating the development of new types of test barriers that can accurately simulate real-world crash scenarios. Additionally, the increasing complexity of modern vehicles, with advanced materials and construction techniques, requires more diversified testing approaches.

Moreover, the increasing number of road accidents globally has put a spotlight on the need for improved vehicle safety. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 1.35 million people die each year as a result of road traffic crashes. This alarming statistic has prompted regulatory bodies and vehicle manufacturers to invest more in crash testing to enhance vehicle safety features. The development of new crash test barriers that can better simulate a variety of collision scenarios is crucial for this purpose.

Geographically, North America and Europe have traditionally been at the forefront of vehicle safety standards, driven by stringent regulations and a high level of consumer awareness. However, emerging markets in Asia Pacific and Latin America are rapidly catching up due to increasing vehicle sales and the adoption of international safety standards. Asia Pacific, in particular, is expected to witness substantial growth, driven by countries like China and India, where vehicular growth is at an all-time high.

In the context of enhancing vehicle safety, the role of Road Crash Attenuator Sales has become increasingly significant. These devices are designed to absorb the impact energy during a collision, thereby reducing the severity of crashes. The growing emphasis on road safety and the implementation of advanced safety measures have led to a surge in the demand for crash attenuators. These systems are particularly crucial in high-risk areas such as highways and urban intersections, where the likelihood of accidents is higher. As governments and regulatory bodies worldwide strive to improve road safety standards, the market for road crash attenuators is expected to witness substantial growth. Manufacturers are focusing on developing innovative solutions that not only enhance safety but also offer cost-effectiveness and ease of installation.

Type Analysis

The Vehicle Crash Test Barrier Market can be segmented by type into rigid barriers, semi-rigid barriers, and flexible barriers. Rigid barriers are typically used in frontal crash tests. These barriers are designed to simulate a solid object, such as a wall or another vehicle, and are crucial for determining the impact resistance of a vehicleÂ’s structure. The demand for rigid barriers is driven by stringent regulatory requirements and the need for precise testing methodologies that can accurately replicate real-world crash scenarios.

Semi-rigid barriers, on the other hand, offer a combination of flexibility and rigidity. They are used in crash tests to simulate impacts with objects such as guardrails or median barriers. These barriers are essential for evaluating the performance of vehicles in off-center impacts and sideswipe collisions. The increasing focus on enhancing side-impact protection in vehicles has significantly boosted the demand for

Information disclosure is an important way for investors to obtain information, the annual report text carries a lot of information, lazy information disclosure is an important form of information disclosure of the annual report text. This paper takes China’s A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2022 as the research sample, takes the annual report text information disclosure form as the entry point, uses the computer text analysis technology to measure the text similarity of the annual report to measure the lazy information disclosure, and explores its impact on stock price crash risk. The results show that there is a positive correlation between the similarity of annual report text and the risk of stock price crash, that is, when the information of annual report text is presented in the form of lazy information disclosure, the risk of stock price crash increases. For companies audited by key auditing institutions, the positive correlation between the similarity of their annual reports and the risk of stock price crash is not significant, indicating that key auditing institutions will weaken the positive correlation between lazy information disclosure and the risk of stock price crash. Further, through external attention and analysis of the time delay of annual report disclosure, it is concluded that the management lacks the opportunity and time to hide the bad news, so it is clear that the lazy information disclosure comes from the business situation "the fact is so". The research conclusion of this paper provides evidence support for the influence of lazy information disclosure on stock price crash risk, and also provides useful reference for regulators to improve information disclosure policies and effectively prevents and resolves stock price crash risk.

This paper employs the mixed-frequency Granger causality test, reverse unconstrained mixed-frequency data sampling models, and Chinese data from January 2006 to June 2024 to test the nexus between consumer confidence and the macroeconomy. The results show that changes in the real estate market, GDP, and urban unemployment rate are Granger causes of consumer confidence. In reverse, consumer confidence is a Granger cause of the CPI. Second, GDP and the real estate market (CPI and urban unemployment rate) have a significant positive (negative) impact on consumer confidence, while the conditions of industrial production, interest rate, and stock market do not. Third, the “animal spirits” extracted from consumer confidence cannot lead to noticeable fluctuations in China’s macroeconomy. This suggests that the “animal spirits” will not dominate economic growth, even though they affect the macroeconomy slightly and inevitably. The results are robust after replacing the dependent variable and considering the influence of the global financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Automotive Crash Test Dummies Market Size 2025-2029

The automotive crash test dummies market size is valued to increase USD 17.2 million, at a CAGR of 2.9% from 2024 to 2029. Increasing need for crash and safety testing will drive the automotive crash test dummies market.

Major Market Trends & Insights

Europe dominated the market and accounted for a 44% growth during the forecast period.
By Product - Male crash test dummy segment was valued at USD 78.30 million in 2023
By Application - Passenger vehicle segment accounted for the largest market revenue share in 2023

Market Size & Forecast

Market Opportunities: USD 27.68 million
Market Future Opportunities: USD 17.20 million
CAGR : 2.9%
Europe: Largest market in 2023

Market Summary

The market encompasses the production and distribution of advanced testing solutions designed to evaluate the safety and durability of vehicles in collisions. This market is driven by the increasing need for stringent crash and safety testing, with a focus on both occupant and pedestrian protection systems. One notable trend is the rising popularity of crash test simulators, which offer more precise and cost-effective testing capabilities than traditional methods. According to a recent study, the global market share for crash test dummies is projected to reach 35% by 2026, reflecting a significant growth trajectory.
Core technologies, such as biomechanical modeling and advanced sensor systems, continue to evolve, enabling more accurate and comprehensive testing. Regulations, including mandatory safety standards and increasing consumer expectations, also play a crucial role in shaping market dynamics.

What will be the Size of the Automotive Crash Test Dummies Market during the forecast period?

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How is the Automotive Crash Test Dummies Market Segmented and what are the key trends of market segmentation?

The automotive crash test dummies industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Product

  Male crash test dummy
  Female crash test dummy
  Child crash test dummy


Application

  Passenger vehicle
  Commercial vehicle


Type

  Frontal Impact Testing
  Side Impact Testing
  Rear Impact Testing
  Pedestrian Impact Testing


End-user Industry

  Automotive Manufacturers
  Government & Regulatory Agencies and Research
  Testing Centers


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    Italy
    UK


  Middle East and Africa

    UAE


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan
    South Korea


  South America

    Brazil


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Product Insights

The male crash test dummy segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The automotive crash testing industry is driven by the continuous evolution of vehicle safety standards and the increasing demand for improved occupant protection. According to recent studies, the market for crash test dummies experienced a 21.3% increase in sales last year, with an anticipated expansion of 25.6% in the coming years. This growth is attributed to the development of advanced anthropomorphic dummies, which simulate human body responses to various impact forces during crashworthiness testing. These dummies are designed to measure injuries such as pelvis, neck, head, and leg injuries, as well as chest deceleration and abdominal impact.

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The Male crash test dummy segment was valued at USD 78.30 million in 2019 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Crash test sensors, including accelerometers, load cells, and strain gauges, are integrated into the dummies to collect data during collision dynamics. This information is then analyzed using simulation software and finite element analysis to predict injuries and optimize vehicle safety features. Furthermore, the industry is expanding beyond traditional male crash test dummies. Manufacturers like Humanetics are addressing the need for more diverse body structures by producing female and child crash test dummies. These dummies are essential for side impact protection and pedestrian protection testing. Moreover, the industry is focusing on improving biofidelity testing, which measures the correlation between dummy response and human response.

This is crucial for accurately predicting injuries and ensuring the effectiveness of safety regulations. The future of crash test dummies lies in their ability to provide accurate, reliable, and comprehensive injury prediction, ultimately enhancing overall vehicle safety.

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Regional Analysis

Europe is estimated to contribute 44% to the growt

Between March 4 and March 11, 2020, the S&P 500 index declined by ** percent, descending into a bear market. On March 12, 2020, the S&P 500 plunged *** percent, its steepest one-day fall since 1987. The index began to recover at the start of April and reached a peak in December 2021. As of December 29, 2024, the value of the S&P 500 stood at ******** points. Coronavirus sparks stock market chaos Stock markets plunged in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, with investors fearing its spread would destroy economic growth. Buoyed by figures that suggested cases were leveling off in China, investors were initially optimistic about the virus being contained. However, confidence in the market started to subside as the number of cases increased worldwide. Investors were deterred from buying stocks, and this was reflected in the markets – the values of the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the Nasdaq Composite also dived during the height of the crisis. What is a bear market? A bear market occurs when the value of a stock market suffers a prolonged decline of more than 20 percent over a period of at least 2 months. The COVID-19 pandemic caused severe concern and sent stock markets on a steep downward spiral. The S&P 500 achieved a record closing high of ***** on February 19, 2020. However, just over 3 weeks later, the market closed on *****, which represented a decline of around ** percent in only 16 sessions.

This study examines the market return spillovers from the US market to 10 Asia-Pacific stock markets, accounting for approximately 91 per cent of the region’s GDP from 1991 to 2022. Our findings indicate an increased return spillover from the US stock market to the Asia-Pacific stock market over time, particularly after major global events such as the 1997 Asian and the 2008 global financial crises, the 2015 China stock market crash, and the COVID-19 pandemic. The 2008 global financial crisis had the most substantial impact on these events. In addition, the findings also indicate that US economic policy uncertainty and US geopolitical risk significantly affect spillovers from the US to the Asia-Pacific markets. In contrast, the geopolitical risk of Asia-Pacific countries reduces these spillovers. The study also highlights the significant impact of information and communication technologies (ICT) on these spillovers. Given the increasing integration of global financial markets, the findings of this research are expected to provide valuable policy implications for investors and policymakers.

The Global Financial Crisis (2007-2008), which began due to the collapse of the U.S. housing market, had a negative effect in many regions across the globe. The global recession which followed the crisis in 2008 and 2009 showed how interdependent and synchronized many of the world's economies had become, with the largest advanced economies showing very similar patterns of negative GDP growth during the crisis. Among the largest emerging economies (commonly referred to as the 'E7'), however, a different pattern emerged, with some countries avoiding a recession altogether. Some commentators have particularly pointed to 2008-2009 as the moment in which China emerged on the world stage as an economic superpower and a key driver of global economic growth. The Great Recession in the developing world While some countries, such as Russia, Mexico, and Turkey, experienced severe recessions due to their connections to the United States and Europe, others such as China, India, and Indonesia managed to record significant economic growth during the period. This can be partly explained by the decoupling from western financial systems which these countries undertook following the Asian financial crises of 1997, making many Asian nations more wary of opening their countries to 'hot money' from other countries. Other likely explanations of this trend are that these countries have large domestic economies which are not entirely reliant on the advanced economies, that their export sectors produce goods which are inelastic (meaning they are still bought during recessions), and that the Chinese economic stimulus worth almost 600 billion U.S. dollars in 2008/2009 increased growth in the region.

Market and species traits data for pet bird markets across China.

The linkages between the US and China, the world’s two major agricultural powers, have brought great uncertainty to the global food markets. Inspired by these, this paper examines the extreme risk spillovers between US and Chinese agricultural futures markets during significant crises. We use a copula-conditional value at risk (CoVaR) model with Markov-switching regimes to capture the tail dependence in their pair markets. The study covers the period from January 2006 to December 2022 and identifies two distinct dependence regimes (stable and crisis periods). Moreover, we find significant and asymmetric upside/downside extreme risk spillovers between the US and Chinese markets, which are highly volatile in crises. Additionally, the impact of international capital flows (the financial channel) on risk spillovers is particularly pronounced during the global financial crisis. During the period of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine 2022 war, the impact of supply chain disruptions (the non-financial channel) is highlighted. Our findings provide a theoretical reference for monitoring the co-movements in agricultural futures markets and practical insights for managing investment portfolios and enhancing food market stability during crises.

This study investigates the dynamic and asymmetric propagation of return spillovers between sectoral commodities and industry stock markets in China. Using a daily dataset from February 2007 to July 2022, we employ a time-varying vector autoregressive (TVP-VAR) model to examine the asymmetric return spillovers and dynamic connectedness across sectors. The results reveal significant time-varying spillovers among these sectors, with the industry stocks acting as the primary transmitter of information to the commodity market. Materials, energy, and industrials stock sectors contribute significantly to these spillovers due to their close ties to commodity production and processing. The study also identifies significant asymmetric spillovers with bad returns dominating, influenced by major economic and political events such as the 2008 global financial crisis, the 2015 Chinese stock market crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Russia-Ukraine war. Furthermore, our study highlights the unique dynamics within the Chinese market, where net information spillovers from the stock market to commodities drive the financialization process, which differs from the bidirectional commodity financialization observed in other markets. Finally, portfolio analysis reveals that the minimum connectedness portfolio outperforms other approaches and effectively reflects asymmetries. Understanding these dynamics and sectoral heterogeneities has important implications for risk management, policy development, and trading practices.

Housing markets are often characterized by price bubbles, and governments have instituted policies to stabilize them. Under this circumstance, this study addresses the following questions. (1) Does policy tightening change expectations in housing prices, revealing a regime change? (2) If so, what determines the housing market’s reaction to policy tightening? To answer these questions, we examine the effects of policy tightening that occurred in 2016 on the Chinese housing market where a price boom persisted in the post-2000 period. Using a log-periodic power law model and employing a modified multi-population genetic algorithm for parameter estimation, we find that tightening policy in China did not cause a market crash; instead, shifting the Chinese housing market from faster-than-exponential growth to a soft landing. We attribute this regime shift to low sensitivity in the Chinese housing market to global perturbations. Our findings suggest that government policies can help stabilize housing prices and improve market conditions when implemented expediently. Moreover, policymakers should consider preparedness for the possibility of an economic crisis and other social needs (e.g., housing affordability) for overall social welfare when managing housing price bubbles.