Domestic spending on research and development (R&D) in China has increased significantly as a share of GDP over the last two decades, growing from *** percent in 2000 to *** percent in 2021. Conversely, R&D spending in the U.S. has only seen a small increase over this period, growing from *** percent of GDP in 2000 to *** percent in 2021, the highest share of the eight countries included. Until 2019, Japan had the highest R&D spending ratio of the countries.

The statistic describes the share of GDP expenditure on research and development (R&D) investment in China from 2010 to 2024. In 2024, China’s investment in R&D as a proportion of GDP reached around **** percent.

Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) in China was reported at 2.5552 % in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. China - Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on June of 2025.

In 2024, total R&D spending in China grew by *** percent nominally compared to the previous year. R&D or research and development is a term used to denote the investment made by a company to carry out the research and developments of its own products. In 2024, around *** trillion yuan were invested in research and development in China.

Government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP) in China was reported at 4.0236 % in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. China - Public spending on education, total (% of GDP) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

Military expenditure (% of GDP) in China was reported at 1.6653 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. China - Military expenditure (% of GDP) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

In 2023, enterprises accounted for around **** percent of total R&D spending in China. R&D, or research and development, is a term used to denote the investment made to carry out the research and development of new products. Total R&D spending in China amounted to around **** trillion yuan in 2023.

Government expenditure on education, total (% of government expenditure) in China was reported at 10.5 % in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. China - Public spending on education, total (% of government expenditure) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

The statistic shows internal research and development (R&D) spending of industrial enterprises (above designated size) in China in 2022 as a share of local GDP, by region. In 2022, internal R&D spending of industrial companies in Jiangsu province reached around **** percent of regional GDP.

This statistic shows the share of R&D spending of operating revenue in China in 2013 and 2015 and the targets for 2020 and 2025 as set in the "Made in China 2025" strategic plan. In 2015, research and development spending accounted for around 0.95 percent of operating revenue in China, yet the goal of the "Made in China 2025" plan was to increase the R&D spending to 1.68 percent of operating revenue by 2025.

According to preliminary data, the agricultural sector contributed around 6.8 percent to the gross domestic product (GDP) of China in 2024, whereas 36.5 percent of the economic value added originated from the industrial sector and 54.6 percent from the service sector, respectively. The total GDP of China at current prices amounted to approximately 134.91 trillion yuan in 2024. Economic development in China The gross domestic product (GDP) serves as a primary indicator to measure the economic performance of a country or a region. It is generally defined as the monetary value of all finished goods and services produced within a country in a specific period of time. It includes all of private and public spending, government spending, investments, and net exports which are calculated as total exports minus imports. In other words, GDP represents the size of the economy.With its national economy growing at an exceptional annual growth rate of above nine percent for three decades in succession, China had become the worlds’ second largest economy by 2010, surpassing all other economies but the United States. Even though China's GDP growth has cooled down in recent years, its economy still expanded at roughly two times the pace of the United States in 2024. Breakdown of GDP in China When compared to other developed countries, the proportions of agriculture and industry in China's GDP are significantly higher. Even though agriculture is a major industry in the United States, it only accounted for about one percent of the economy in 2023. While the service sector contributed to more than 70 percent of the economy in most developed countries, it's share was considerably lower in China. This was not only due to China's lower development level, but also to the country’s focus on manufacturing and export. However, as the future limitations of this growth model become more and more apparent, China is trying to shift it's economic focus to the high-tech and service sectors. Accordingly, growth rates of the service sector have been considerably higher than in industry and agriculture in the years before the spread of the coronavirus pandemic.

In 2024, the Chinese tech giant Baidu's expenditure on R&D accounted for around 19.79 percent of its sales revenue. This amounted to 15,324 dollars.

As a share of the country’s GDP, China’s average infrastructure spending in 2022 was nearly ** times higher than that of the United States. Indeed, at *** percent of its GDP, China's investments were significantly higher than anywhere else in the world. By comparison, investments in Central & Eastern Europe - the CEE region - were relatively higher than those in their Western European counterparts. Infrastructure construction and development The construction industry plays a significant role in most economies. The reason for that is that public investment into essential infrastructure enables the economy to function properly and be well connected. Without transportation and energy infrastructure, which were the two types of infrastructure with the highest construction spending in the U.S., or telecommunication networks, such as 5G base stations, many industries could not perform their activities. Infrastructure needs Despite the importance of infrastructure for the wellbeing of communities, infrastructure investment is sub par in many countries across the world. As of 2020, projected infrastructure spending was estimated to be unable to fulfill spending needs in the United States, where the aging infrastructure is in dire need of repair. Although as seen here, China was the country with the highest investment in infrastructure relative to its GDP, as of 2019, it also has higher projected infrastructure needs than most regions.

China Proportion of Population Pushed Below the 60% Median Consumption Poverty Line By Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure: % data was reported at 4.680 % in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 3.560 % for 2013. China Proportion of Population Pushed Below the 60% Median Consumption Poverty Line By Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure: % data is updated yearly, averaging 3.560 % from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2018, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.680 % in 2018 and a record low of 1.110 % in 1995. China Proportion of Population Pushed Below the 60% Median Consumption Poverty Line By Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure: % data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s China – Table CN.World Bank.WDI: Social: Poverty and Inequality. This indicator shows the fraction of a country’s population experiencing out-of-pocket health impoverishing expenditures, defined as expenditures without which the household they live in would have been above the 60% median consumption but because of the expenditures is below the poverty line. Out-of-pocket health expenditure is defined as any spending incurred by a household when any member uses a health good or service to receive any type of care (preventive, curative, rehabilitative, long-term or palliative care); provided by any type of provider; for any type of disease, illness or health condition; in any type of setting (outpatient, inpatient, at home).;Global Health Observatory. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2023. (https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/topics/financial-protection);Weighted average;This indicator is related to Sustainable Development Goal 3.8.2 [https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/].

In 2022, companies based in the United States and the EU stood behind the highest global spending on research and development (R&D) within aerospace and defense, accounting for more than 80 percent of global spending. Moreover, China completely dominates R&D spending on construction, amounting to 85 percent of worldwide spending. Looking at single companies, Amazon spent the highest amount on R&D in 2022.

China Proportion of Population Pushed Below the $3.20: Poverty Line by Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: % data was reported at 3.360 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 3.091 % for 2013. China Proportion of Population Pushed Below the $3.20: Poverty Line by Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: % data is updated yearly, averaging 3.091 % from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2016, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.574 % in 2007 and a record low of 1.095 % in 1995. China Proportion of Population Pushed Below the $3.20: Poverty Line by Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: % data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s China – Table CN.World Bank.WDI: Social: Poverty and Inequality. Proportion of population pushed below the $3.20 ($2011 PPP) poverty line by out-of-pocket health care expenditure. This indicator shows the fraction of a country’s population experiencing out-of-pocket health impoverishing expenditures, defined as expenditures without which the household they live in would have been above the $3.20 poverty line, but because of the expenditures is below the poverty line. Out-of-pocket health expenditure is defined as any spending incurred by a household when any member uses a health good or service to receive any type of care (preventive, curative, rehabilitative, long-term or palliative care); provided by any type of provider; for any type of disease, illness or health condition; in any type of setting (outpatient, inpatient, at home).; ; World Health Organization and World Bank. 2021. Global Monitoring Report on Financial Protection in Health 2021.; Weighted Average; This indicator is related to Sustainable Development Goal 3.8.2 [https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/].

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in China was worth 18743.80 billion US dollars in 2024, according to official data from the World Bank. The GDP value of China represents 17.65 percent of the world economy. This dataset provides - China GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The Chinese government is dedicated to developing the Guangdong - Hong Kong - Macao Grater Bay Area into a leading technological hub in Asia. In 2020, expenditure on research and development (R&D) in Shenzhen reached **** percent of the GDP, up from **** percent in 2010.

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in China expanded 5.40 percent in the first quarter of 2025 over the same quarter of the previous year. This dataset provides - China GDP Annual Growth Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In 2024, public spending on education in China reached *** trillion yuan. Education expenditure increased continuously over recent years, but growth rates are considerably lower than ten years ago. Development of public spending on education Since the beginning of the reform era, the Chinese government attached great importance to the development of the educational sector. Besides structural reforms, public spending on education was increased considerably. However, the whole educational sector lagged far behind international standards in terms of quality as well as quantity. Public expenditure on education as a share of the national GDP, which is a common measure to compare educational systems, ranged at only around 2.5 percent in the mid-1990s. In 1993, the government announced the plan to increase educational spending to four percent of the GDP until 2000, but it took 12 more years to reach that target. However, considering that at the same time the GDP grew by double digits most of the years, the financial situation of the education sector improved greatly. This manifests itself in the substantially increased number of graduates and quality of degrees. Since achieving the four percent target in 2012, the growth of educational spending, which had reached more than ** percent per year in the years before, was reduced to levels equaling the GDP growth. Compared to the public spending on education of developed countries, China is still at the lower range and did not reach the OECD average of around *** percent of the GDP in 2018. Spending per student Even though educational spending in China improved a lot in the last decades, when calculated per student, expenditure is still far behind developed countries. While spending per student on a tertiary level of education in OECD countries averaged around ****** U.S. dollars in 2020, it reached only ****** yuan per student in China in 2023, which is less than one third. This fact sheds some light on the average quality level of the educational system in China on a general basis and reminds us that China is a huge and populous country. Of which, some elite schools in the big cities coexist with vast numbers of schools in the countryside operating on a completely different level of quality.