This statistic shows the population aged between 15 and 29 years in China from 2000 to 2020 with projections until 2050, broken down by age group. In 2020, around 99 million people in China were aged between 25 and 29 years.

This statistic shows the twenty countries with the projected largest urban populations worldwide in 2050. Forecasts estimate that the urban population of China will be **** billion people in 2050.

In 2020, about 17.9 percent of the population in China had been 60 years and older. This share is growing rapidly and was estimated to reach 40 percent by 2050. China's aging population With China’s boomer generation growing old and life expectancy increasing at the same time, the number of people at an age of 60 or above nearly doubled between 2000 and 2020 and reached around 255 million. This development is even more pronounced for the age group of 80 and above, which nearly tripled and is expected to reach a size of roughly 132 million in 2050, up from only 32 million in 2020. At the same time, the share of the working-age population is forecasted to decrease gradually from 64 percent of the total population in 2020 to around 50 percent in 2050, which could pose a heavy economic strain on the social security system. The old-age dependency ratio, which denotes the relation of the old-age to the working-age population, is estimated to grow from 18.2 percent in 2020 to more than 50 percent in 2050, implying that by then, statistically, two working-age adults would have to support one elderly. Strain on the social security net During the last 15 years, China's government has successfully increased the coverage of the pension insurance and health insurance. Today, most of the people are covered by some kind of social insurance. Conditions in the pension system are generous, with a regular retirement age for males at 60 years and women at 50 or 55. With the number of retirees increasing quickly, the social insurance system is now under pressure. From an economic point of view, improving the productivity of China's economy would be the primary choice for mitigating alleged inconsistencies of the system. However, without increasing the burden on the working people while tightening payment conditions, balancing the social security net could prove to be challenging.

Population: Mid-Year: Projection data was reported at 6,623,263.000 Person in 2050. This records a decrease from the previous number of 6,668,249.000 Person for 2049. Population: Mid-Year: Projection data is updated yearly, averaging 6,623,263.000 Person from Jun 1950 (Median) to 2050, with 101 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7,298,281.000 Person in 2026 and a record low of 2,015,300.000 Person in 1951. Population: Mid-Year: Projection data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Hong Kong SAR – Table HK.US Census Bureau: Demographic Projection.

Macau MO: Population Projection: Mid Year data was reported at 620,184.000 Person in 2050. This records a decrease from the previous number of 623,253.000 Person for 2049. Macau MO: Population Projection: Mid Year data is updated yearly, averaging 431,739.000 Person from Jun 1950 (Median) to 2050, with 101 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 643,249.000 Person in 2036 and a record low of 186,053.000 Person in 1960. Macau MO: Population Projection: Mid Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Macau – Table MO.US Census Bureau: Demographic Projection.

A 100 m grid population dataset of Shanghai was generated from 2010 to 2050 using the Spatial-Leslie Model. For individuals aged 65 and above, the relative root mean square error (%RMSE) is 0.31%. In the validation of projected population distributions for the period 2015-2050, the dataset achieved correlation coefficients exceeding 0.73 across all age groups, with the highest predictive accuracy observed in the 15-64 age group (R2 = 0.83). This dataset aims to provide scientific and technical support for aging- related research by delivering high-precision population distribution data, thereby offering a robust basis for informed decision-making to address future challenges associated with population aging.

Macau MO: Population Projection: Mid Year: Growth data was reported at -0.510 % in 2050. This records a decrease from the previous number of -0.480 % for 2049. Macau MO: Population Projection: Mid Year: Growth data is updated yearly, averaging 0.560 % from Jun 1991 (Median) to 2050, with 60 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.830 % in 2006 and a record low of -0.510 % in 2050. Macau MO: Population Projection: Mid Year: Growth data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Macau SAR – Table MO.US Census Bureau: Demographic Projection.

From now until 2100, India and China will remain the most populous countries in the world, however China's population decline has already started, and it is on course to fall by around 50 percent in the 2090s; while India's population decline is projected to begin in the 2060s. Of the 10 most populous countries in the world in 2100, five will be located in Asia, four in Africa, as well as the United States. Rapid growth in Africa Rapid population growth across Africa will see the continent's population grow from around 1.5 billion people in 2024 to 3.8 billion in 2100. Additionally, unlike China or India, population growth in many of these countries is not expected to go into decline, and instead is expected to continue well into the 2100s. Previous estimates had projected these countries' populations would be much higher by 2100 (the 2019 report estimated Nigeria's population would exceed 650 million), yet the increased threat of the climate crisis and persistent instability is delaying demographic development and extending population growth. The U.S. as an outlier Compared to the nine other largest populations in 2100, the United States stands out as it is more demographically advanced, politically stable, and economically stronger. However, while most other so-called "advanced countries" are projected to see their population decline drastically in the coming decades, the U.S. population is projected to continue growing into the 2100s. This will largely be driven by high rates of immigration into the U.S., which will drive growth despite fertility rates being around 1.6 births per woman (below the replacement level of 2.1 births per woman), and the slowing rate of life expectancy. Current projections estimate the U.S. will have a net migration rate over 1.2 million people per year for the remainder of the century.

IntroductionThe combined populations of China and India were 2.78 billion in 2020, representing 36% of the world population (7.75 billion). Wheat is the second most important staple grain in both China and India. In 2019, the aggregate wheat consumption in China was 96.4 million ton and in India it was 82.5 million ton, together it was more than 35% of the world's wheat that year. In China, in 2050, the projected population will be 1294–1515 million, and in India, it is projected to be 14.89–1793 million, under the low and high-fertility rate assumptions. A question arises as to, what will be aggregate demand for wheat in China and India in 2030 and 2050?MethodsApplying the Vector Error Correction model estimation process in the time series econometric estimation setting, this study projected the per capita and annual aggregate wheat consumptions of China and India during 2019-2050. In the process, this study relies on agricultural data sourced from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United States (FAO) database (FAOSTAT), as well as the World Bank's World Development Indicators (WDI) data catalog. The presence of unit root in the data series are tested by applying the augmented Dickey-Fuller test; Philips-Perron unit root test; Kwiatkowski-Phillips-Schmidt-Shin test, and Zivot-Andrews Unit Root test allowing for a single break in intercept and/or trend. The test statistics suggest that a natural log transformation and with the first difference of the variables provides stationarity of the data series for both China and India. The Zivot-Andrews Unit Root test, however, suggested that there is a structural break in urban population share and GDP per capita. To tackle the issue, we have included a year dummy and two multiplicative dummies in our model. Furthermore, the Johansen cointegration test suggests that at least one variable in both data series were cointegrated. These tests enable us to apply Vector Error Correction (VEC) model estimation procedure. In estimation the model, the appropriate number of lags of the variables is confirmed by applying the “varsoc” command in Stata 17 software interface. The estimated yearly per capita wheat consumption in 2030 and 2050 from the VEC model, are multiplied by the projected population in 2030 and 2050 to calculate the projected aggregate wheat demand in China and India in 2030 and 2050. After projecting the yearly per capita wheat consumption (KG), we multiply with the projected population to get the expected consumption demand.ResultsThis study found that the yearly per capita wheat consumption of China will increase from 65.8 kg in 2019 to 76 kg in 2030, and 95 kg in 2050. In India, the yearly per capita wheat consumption will increase to 74 kg in 2030 and 94 kg in 2050 from 60.4 kg in 2019. Considering the projected population growth rates under low-fertility assumptions, aggregate wheat consumption of China will increase by more than 13% in 2030 and by 28% in 2050. Under the high-fertility rate assumption, however the aggregate wheat consumption of China will increase by 18% in 2030 and nearly 50% in 2050. In the case of India, under both low and high-fertility rate assumptions, aggregate wheat demand in India will increase by 32-38% in 2030 and by 70-104% in 2050 compared to 2019 level of consumption.DiscussionsOur results underline the importance of wheat in both countries, which are the world's top wheat producers and consumers, and suggest the importance of research and development investments to maintain sufficient national wheat grain production levels to meet China and India's domestic demand. This is critical both to ensure the food security of this large segment of the world populace, which also includes 23% of the total population of the world who live on less than US $1.90/day, as well as to avoid potential grain market destabilization and price hikes that arise in the event of large import demands.

This statistic shows the leading countries with the highest projected median age in 2050. By 2050, the Republic of Korea is projected to have the population with the highest median age, at 56.5 years.

In 2024, Germany was the leading EU country in terms of population, with around 85 million inhabitants. In 2050, approximately 89.2 million people will live in Germany, according to the forecast. See the total EU population figures for more information. The global population The global population is rapidly increasing. Between 1990 and 2015, it increased by around 2 billion people. Furthermore, it is estimated that the global population will have increased by another 1 billion by 2030. Asia is the continent with the largest population, followed by Africa and Europe. In Asia,the two most populous nations worldwide are located, China and India. In 2014, the combined population in China and India alone amounted to more than 2.6 billion people. for comparison, the total population in the whole continent of Europe is at around 741 million people. As of 2014, about 60 percent of the global population was living in Asia, with only approximately 10 percent in Europe and even less in the United States. Europe is the continent with the second-highest life expectancy at birth in the world, only barely surpassed by Northern America. In 2013, the life expectancy at birth in Europe was around 78 years. Stable economies and developing and emerging markets in European countries provide for good living conditions. Seven of the top twenty countries in the world with the largest gross domestic product in 2015 are located in Europe.

Livestock production in China is increasingly located near urban areas, exposing human populations to nitrogen pollution via air and water. Here we analyse livestock and human population data across 2,300 Chinese counties to project the impact of alter- native livestock distributions on nitrogen emissions. In 2012 almost half of China’s livestock production occurred in peri-urban regions, exposing 60% of the Chinese population to ammonia emissions exceeding UN guidelines. Relocating 5 billion animals by 2050 according to crop–livestock integration criteria could reduce nitrogen emissions by two-thirds and halve the number of people exposed to high ammonia emissions. Relocating 10 billion animals away from southern and eastern China could reduce ammonia exposure for 90% of China’s population. Spatial planning can therefore serve as a powerful policy instrument to tackle nitrogen pollution and exposure of humans to ammonia.

Macau MO: Mortality Rate: Under 5 per 1000 Births data was reported at 3.100 NA in 2050. This stayed constant from the previous number of 3.100 NA for 2049. Macau MO: Mortality Rate: Under 5 per 1000 Births data is updated yearly, averaging 3.400 NA from Jun 1991 (Median) to 2050, with 60 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 10.000 NA in 1993 and a record low of 3.100 NA in 2050. Macau MO: Mortality Rate: Under 5 per 1000 Births data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Macau SAR – Table MO.US Census Bureau: Demographic Projection.

This statistic compares the share of populations in China, Japan and the United States that is expected to be over 60 years of age by 2050. The Japanese population estimated to age the fastest with about ** percent of the populace expected to be over ** by 2050.

Macau MO: Mortality Rate: Infant per 1000 Births data was reported at 2.800 NA in 2050. This stayed constant from the previous number of 2.800 NA for 2049. Macau MO: Mortality Rate: Infant per 1000 Births data is updated yearly, averaging 3.000 NA from Jun 1991 (Median) to 2050, with 60 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8.700 NA in 1993 and a record low of 2.800 NA in 2050. Macau MO: Mortality Rate: Infant per 1000 Births data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Macau SAR – Table MO.US Census Bureau: Demographic Projection.

Macau MO: Crude Death Rate: per 1000 Persons data was reported at 13.800 NA in 2050. This records an increase from the previous number of 13.500 NA for 2049. Macau MO: Crude Death Rate: per 1000 Persons data is updated yearly, averaging 5.000 NA from Jun 1991 (Median) to 2050, with 60 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13.800 NA in 2050 and a record low of 3.000 NA in 2000. Macau MO: Crude Death Rate: per 1000 Persons data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Macau SAR – Table MO.US Census Bureau: Demographic Projection.

Whereas the population is expected to decrease somewhat until 2100 in Asia, Europe, and South America, it is predicted to grow significantly in Africa. While there were 1.55 billion inhabitants on the continent at the beginning of 2025, the number of inhabitants is expected to reach 3.81 billion by 2100. In total, the global population is expected to reach nearly 10.18 billion by 2100. Worldwide population In the United States, the total population is expected to steadily increase over the next couple of years. In 2024, Asia held over half of the global population and is expected to have the highest number of people living in urban areas in 2050. Asia is home to the two most populous countries, India and China, both with a population of over one billion people. However, the small country of Monaco had the highest population density worldwide in 2024. Effects of overpopulation Alongside the growing worldwide population, there are negative effects of overpopulation. The increasing population puts a higher pressure on existing resources and contributes to pollution. As the population grows, the demand for food grows, which requires more water, which in turn takes away from the freshwater available. Concurrently, food needs to be transported through different mechanisms, which contributes to air pollution. Not every resource is renewable, meaning the world is using up limited resources that will eventually run out. Furthermore, more species will become extinct which harms the ecosystem and food chain. Overpopulation was considered to be one of the most important environmental issues worldwide in 2020.

BackgroundChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) has become the third leading cause of death worldwide. This disease not only results in high mortality rates but also triggers substantial medical expenditures, significant loss of labor productivity, and a marked decline in patients’ quality of life. Despite its severity, COPD is a preventable condition and has now emerged as a significant public health burden that cannot be overlooked. This study aimed to assess the burden of COPD and its attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2021 and to project trends through 2050, to provide an evidence basis for the development of a comprehensive COPD prevention and treatment strategy in China.MethodsData were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study, including COPD-related incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Age-standardized rates (ASRs) were calculated, and temporal trends were analyzed using estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) through linear regression modeling. A Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model was used to forecast trends up to 2050.ResultsIn 2021, China recorded 50.6 million prevalent COPD cases, 4.4 million incident cases, 1.29 million deaths, and 23.6 million DALYs. Between 1990 and 2021, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) declined from 271.2 to 215.6 per 100,000 population; the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) from 2,761.8 to 2,499.4 per 100,000; age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) from 231.8 to 73.2 per 100,000; and age-standardized DALYs (ASDALYs) from 3,852.6 to 1,227.7 per 100,000. These reflect relative reductions of 20.5, 9.5, 68.4, and 68.1%, respectively.ConclusionDespite substantial reductions in the COPD burden over the past three decades, the disease continues to pose a major health challenge in China, particularly among the aging population. Projections to 2050 indicate continued, though uneven, declines. These findings underscore the urgent need for strengthened diagnostic capacity, risk-targeted prevention efforts, and more effective long-term management strategies tailored to China’s aging population.

Macau MO: Number of Deaths data was reported at 8,583.000 Person in 2050. This records an increase from the previous number of 8,414.000 Person for 2049. Macau MO: Number of Deaths data is updated yearly, averaging 3,087.500 Person from Jun 1991 (Median) to 2050, with 60 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8,583.000 Person in 2050 and a record low of 1,293.000 Person in 1997. Macau MO: Number of Deaths data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Macau SAR – Table MO.US Census Bureau: Demographic Projection.

Macau MO: Life Expectancy at Birth data was reported at 85.100 Year in 2050. This records an increase from the previous number of 85.000 Year for 2049. Macau MO: Life Expectancy at Birth data is updated yearly, averaging 84.650 Year from Jun 1991 (Median) to 2050, with 60 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 85.100 Year in 2050 and a record low of 78.000 Year in 1993. Macau MO: Life Expectancy at Birth data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Macau SAR – Table MO.US Census Bureau: Demographic Projection.