Key information about China Policy Rate

• China cash rate (Policy Rate: Month End: China: Rediscount Rate) was set at 2.65 % pa in Jun 2023, compared with 2.75 % pa in the previous May 2023.
• China Policy Rate averaged 3.00 % pa and is updated monthly, available from Jan 2016 to Jun 2023.
• The data reached an all-time high of 3.30 % pa in Oct 2019 and a record low of 2.65 % pa in Jun 2023.

• In the latest reports, China Short Term Interest Rate: Month End: SHIBOR: 3 Months was reported at 2.22 % pa in May 2023.
• Its Long Term Interest Rate (Treasury Bond Yield: Interbank: Spot Yield: 10 year) was reported at 2.65 % pa in Jun 2023.
• China Exchange Rate against USD averaged 6.99 (USD/RMB) in May 2023.
• Its Real Effective Exchange Rate was 140.85 in Apr 2023.

1 Year MLF Rate in China remained unchanged at 2 percent in January. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for China One-Year Medium-Term Lending Facility Rate.

In January 2025, global inflation rates and central bank interest rates showed significant variation across major economies. Most economies initiated interest rate cuts from mid-2024 due to declining inflationary pressures. The U.S., UK, and EU central banks followed a consistent pattern of regular rate reductions throughout late 2024. In early 2025, Russia maintained the highest interest rate at 21 percent, while Japan retained the lowest at 0.5 percent. Varied inflation rates across major economies The inflation landscape varies considerably among major economies. China had the lowest inflation rate at 0.5 percent in January 2025. In contrast, Russia maintained a high inflation rate of 9.9 percent. These figures align with broader trends observed in early 2025, where China had the lowest inflation rate among major developed and emerging economies, while Russia's rate remained the highest. Central bank responses and economic indicators Central banks globally implemented aggressive rate hikes throughout 2022-23 to combat inflation. The European Central Bank exemplified this trend, raising rates from 0 percent in January 2022 to 4.5 percent by September 2023. A coordinated shift among major central banks began in mid-2024, with the ECB, Bank of England, and Federal Reserve initiating rate cuts, with forecasts suggesting further cuts through 2025 and 2026.

Key information about China Long Term Interest Rate

• China Treasury Bond Yield: Interbank: Spot Yield: 10 year was reported at 1.64 % pa in Jan 2025, compared with 1.69 % pa in the previous month.
• China Long Term Interest Rate data is updated monthly, available from Jul 2008 to Jan 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 4.63 % pa in Dec 2013 and a record low of 1.64 % pa in Jan 2025.
• Long Term Interest Rate is reported by reported by National Interbank Funding Center.

• In the latest reports, China Short Term Interest Rate: Month End: SHIBOR: 3 Months was reported at 1.70 % pa in Jan 2025.
• The cash rate (Policy Rate: Month End: China: Rediscount Rate) was set at 2.65 % pa in Jun 2023.
• China Exchange Rate against USD averaged 7.16 (USD/RMB) in Jun 2023.

Loan Prime Rate 5Y in China remained unchanged at 3.60 percent in March. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for China Loan Prime Rate 5Y.

Cash Reserve Ratio in China remained unchanged at 9.50 percent in February. This dataset provides - China Cash Reserve Ratio- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Beijing data was reported at -0.450 % Point in 25 Mar 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of -0.450 % Point for 24 Mar 2025. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Beijing data is updated daily, averaging 0.550 % Point from Oct 2019 (Median) to 25 Mar 2025, with 1996 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.550 % Point in 25 Jun 2024 and a record low of -0.450 % Point in 25 Mar 2025. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Beijing data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MA: Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Prefecture Level City. After adjustment on December 15, 2023: the lower limits of the first and second sets of interest rate policies in the six districts of the city are respectively no less than the market quoted interest rate for loans of the corresponding period plus 10 basis points, and no less than the market quoted interest rate for loans of the corresponding period plus 60 basis points; The lower limits of the first and second sets of interest rate policies in the six non-urban districts are not lower than the market quoted interest rate for loans of the corresponding period, and not lower than the market quoted interest rate for loans of the corresponding period plus 55 basis points.

According to preliminary figures, the growth of real gross domestic product (GDP) in China amounted to 5.0 percent in 2024. For 2025, the IMF expects a GDP growth rate of around 4.6 percent. Real GDP growth The current gross domestic product is an important indicator of the economic strength of a country. It refers to the total market value of all goods and services that are produced within a country per year. When analyzing year-on-year changes, the current GDP is adjusted for inflation, thus making it constant. Real GDP growth is regarded as a key indicator for economic growth as it incorporates constant GDP figures. As of 2023, China was among the leading countries with the largest gross domestic product worldwide, second only to the United States which had a GDP volume of almost 27.5 trillion U.S. dollars. The Chinese GDP has shown remarkable growth over the past years. Upon closer examination of the distribution of GDP across economic sectors, a gradual shift from an economy heavily based on industrial production towards an economy focused on services becomes visible, with the service industry outpacing the manufacturing sector in terms of GDP contribution. Key indicator balance of trade Another important indicator for economic assessment is the balance of trade, which measures the relationship between imports and exports of a nation. As an economy heavily reliant on manufacturing and industrial production, China has reached a trade surplus over the last decade, with a total trade balance of around 823 billion U.S. dollars in 2023.

From January 2022 to July 2024, a global trend emerged as almost all advanced and emerging economies increased their central bank policy rates. This widespread tightening of monetary policy was in response to inflationary pressures and economic challenges. However, a shift occurred in the latter half of 2024, with most countries beginning to lower their rates, potentially signaling a new phase in the global economic cycle and monetary policy approach.

The average frozen pork cut import price stood at $2,018 per ton in October 2024, surging by 4.5% against the previous month.

China Retail Price: 36 City Avg: Fresh Pork: Rib Cut data was reported at 17.280 RMB/500 g in Jan 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 17.410 RMB/500 g for Dec 2024. China Retail Price: 36 City Avg: Fresh Pork: Rib Cut data is updated monthly, averaging 13.870 RMB/500 g from Jan 2006 (Median) to Jan 2025, with 229 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 32.220 RMB/500 g in Feb 2020 and a record low of 5.740 RMB/500 g in Jun 2006. China Retail Price: 36 City Avg: Fresh Pork: Rib Cut data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Price Monitoring Center, NDRC. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Price – Table CN.PA: Price Monitoring Center, NDRC: 36 City Monthly Avg: Retail Price: Food.

Frozen Turkey Cut Price in China - 2023. Find the latest marketing data on the IndexBox platform.

China 10Y Bond Yield was 1.88 percent on Wednesday March 26, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. China 10-Year Government Bond Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on March of 2025.

Energy and water resources function as the base for humans’ socioeconomic development, which are closely linked with each other in the production process. With the rapid economic development, the contradiction between the supply and demand of energy and water resources has become acute. Meanwhile, the carbon reduction goals further enhanced the energy and water constraints, which inevitably have a significant impact on economic growth. Exploring the effect of energy and water constraints on the economic growth under climate goals is essential for policy maker to minimize the economic loss during carbon control. To realize this aim, we introduced the modified Romers’ economic growth model to estimate the impact of energy-water constraints on economic growth based on relative data in 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2019. Then the spatial-temporal characteristics of the energy-water drag effects on China’s economic growth have been analyzed. We further applied scenario analysis method to investigate the changes in growth drag effects of energy and water resources under carbon mitigation goals in 2025 and 2030. The results show that China’s economic growth rate was reduced by 7.72% and 7.99% during the study period due to energy and water resources constraints respectively. In terms of the temporal trend, the energy-water growth drag effect shows a downward trend as a whole during 2000–2019, and the growth drag of energy on economic growth is slightly greater than that of water resources. As to spatial distribution, regions with high constraint effects of energy and water on economic growth are mainly located in the East China, while some north regions feature low energy-water constraints. According to the simulation results, China’s energy-water drag effects on the economic growth are 6.85% and 7.03% respectively, under the baseline and strong carbon control scenarios, higher than the 6.53% under the weak carbon control. Based on this, this paper proposes to design targeted energy-water constraint strategies and promote production efficiency to achieve a win-win situation of economic development and dual-carbon goals.

Abstract

The World Bank is interested in gauging the views of clients and partners who are either involved in development in China or who observe activities related to social and economic development. The World Bank Country Assessment Survey is meant to give the Bank's team that works in China, more in-depth insight into how the Bank's work is perceived. This is one tool the Bank uses to assess the views of its critical stakeholders. With this understanding, the World Bank hopes to develop more effective strategies, outreach and programs that support development in China. The World Bank commissioned an independent firm to oversee the logistics of this effort in China.

The survey was designed to achieve the following objectives: - Assist the World Bank in gaining a better understanding of how stakeholders in China perceive the Bank; - Obtain systematic feedback from stakeholders in China regarding: · Their views regarding the general environment in China; · Their perceived overall value of the World Bank in China; · Overall impressions of the World Bank as related to programs, poverty reduction, personal relationships, effectiveness, knowledge base, collaboration, and its day-to-day operation; and · Perceptions of the World Bank's communication and outreach in China. - Use data to help inform the China country team's strategy.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

Stakeholder

Universe

Stakeholders of the World Bank in China

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

December 2011 thru March 2012, 518 stakeholders of the World Bank in China were invited to provide their opinions on the Bank's assistance to the country by participating in a country survey. Participants in the survey were drawn from among employees of a ministry or ministerial department of central government; local government officials or staff; project management offices at the central and local level; the central bank; financial sector/banks; NGOs; regulatory agencies; state-owned enterprises; bilateral or multilateral agencies; private sector organizations; consultants/contractors working on World Bank supported projects/programs; the media; and academia, research institutes or think tanks.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The Questionnaire consists of 8 Sections: 1. Background Information: The first section asked respondents for their current position; specialization; familiarity, exposure to, and involvement with the Bank; and geographic location.

1. General Issues facing China: Respondents were asked to indicate what they thought were the most important development priorities, which areas would contribute most to poverty reduction and economic growth in China, as well as rating their perspective on the future of the next generation in China.

2. Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank: Respondents were asked to rate the Bank's overall effectiveness in China, the extent to which the Bank's financial instruments meet China's needs, the extent to which the Bank meets China's need for knowledge services, and their agreement with various statements regarding the Bank's programs, poverty mission, relationships, and collaborations in China. Respondents were also asked to indicate the areas on which it would be most productive for the Bank to focus its resources and research, what the Bank's level of involvement should be, and what they felt were the Bank's greatest values and greatest weaknesses in its work.

3. The Work of the World Bank: Respondents were asked to rate their level of importance and the Bank's level of effectiveness across fifteen areas in which the Bank was involved, such as helping to reduce poverty and encouraging greater transparency in governance.

4. The Way the World Bank does Business: Respondents were asked to rate the Bank's level of effectiveness in the way it does business, including the Bank's knowledge, personal relationships, collaborations, and poverty mission.

5. Project/Program Related Issues: Respondents were asked to rate their level of agreement with a series of statements regarding the Bank's programs, day-to-day operations, and collaborations in China.

6. The Future of the World Bank in China: Respondents were asked to rate how significant a role the Bank should play in China's development and to indicate what the Bank could do to make itself of greater value and what the greatest obstacle was to the Bank playing a significant role in China.

7. Communication and Outreach: Respondents were asked to indicate where they get information about development issues and the Bank's development activities in China, as well as how they prefer to receive information from the Bank. Respondents were also asked to indicate their usage of the Bank's website and PICs, and to evaluate these communication and outreach efforts.

Response rate

A total of 207 stakeholders participated in the country survey (40%).

United States Import Price Index: China: Mfg: Apparel: Cut & Sew data was reported at 110.100 Jun2012=100 in Jan 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 110.300 Jun2012=100 for Dec 2024. United States Import Price Index: China: Mfg: Apparel: Cut & Sew data is updated monthly, averaging 102.950 Jun2012=100 from Jun 2012 (Median) to Jan 2025, with 152 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 112.300 Jun2012=100 in Aug 2023 and a record low of 98.800 Jun2012=100 in May 2013. United States Import Price Index: China: Mfg: Apparel: Cut & Sew data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.JA246: Import Price Index: by Locality of Origin: 2000=100.

In October 2024, the average frozen chicken cut import price amounted to $3,208 per ton, remaining stable against the previous month.

The USDCNY increased 0.0137 or 0.19% to 7.2796 on Wednesday March 26 from 7.2658 in the previous trading session. Chinese Yuan - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on March of 2025.

The Corporate Tax Rate in China stands at 25 percent. This dataset provides - China Corporate Tax Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The main stock market index in China (SHANGHAI) increased 22 points or 0.66% since the beginning of 2025, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from China. China Shanghai Composite Stock Market Index - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on March of 2025.