According to the survey conducted by McKinsey, the share of the respondents who were optimistic about the Chinese economic recovery reached 53 percent from May 19 to May 25, 2020, higher than the 43 percent in February. The growth of confidence may result from the resumption of work.

According to a median projection in January 2025, China's GDP was expected to grow by 4.9 percent in 2024, largely meeting the annual growth target of five percent set by the Chinese government. In the first quarter of 2020, the second-largest economy recorded the first contraction in decades due to the epidemic.  A root-to-branch shutdown of factories To curb the spread of the virus, the Chinese government imposed a lockdown in Wuhan, the epicenter, and other cities in Hubei province on January 23, 2020. A strict nationwide lockdown soon followed. Many factories remained closed in February, resulting in a plunge in manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI). The shutdown of the “world’s factory” had severely disrupted global supply chains, especially automobile production. In March 2020, very few industrial sectors reported positive production growth.  The pharmaceuticals sector recorded a production increase, which was mainly driven by the global demand for vital medical supplies. China had exported over seven billion yuan worth of face masks. Ripple effects on global tourism Apart from the manufacturing industry, the prolonged closures of business had caused significant losses in various sectors in China. The travel and tourism sector was massively affected by a drastic decline in flight ticket sales  and hotel occupancy rates. The domestic tourism market expects a loss of 20 percent in revenues for 2020. Industry experts predicted that the global travel and tourism industry could lose about 2.5 trillion U.S. dollars in that year. 

China IUVI: Waste Resources & Materials Recovery & Processing data was reported at 97.300 Prev Year=100 in May 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 129.400 Prev Year=100 for Apr 2018. China IUVI: Waste Resources & Materials Recovery & Processing data is updated monthly, averaging 103.500 Prev Year=100 from Jan 2005 (Median) to May 2018, with 161 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 164.900 Prev Year=100 in May 2010 and a record low of 58.700 Prev Year=100 in Feb 2009. China IUVI: Waste Resources & Materials Recovery & Processing data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by General Administration of Customs. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s International Trade – Table CN.JE: Unit Value Index: By Industry.

China Government Revenue: Fund: Forest Vegetation Recovery Fee data was reported at 9,982.000 RMB mn in 2014. This records an increase from the previous number of 9,042.000 RMB mn for 2013. China Government Revenue: Fund: Forest Vegetation Recovery Fee data is updated yearly, averaging 8,300.000 RMB mn from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2014, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 9,982.000 RMB mn in 2014 and a record low of 8,267.000 RMB mn in 2012. China Government Revenue: Fund: Forest Vegetation Recovery Fee data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Finance. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table CN.FA: Government Revenue and Expenditure: Fund.

Explore how oil prices are rising with Asian market recoveries, China's economic rebound, and the awaited OPEC+ meeting on oil supply policy.

According to the survey among 200 outbound travel agencies in China, around 54.5 percent of respondents anticipated that the Chinese travel market recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic would be slow. Meanwhile, about 21.5 percent of respondents said the road to recovery would fluctuate.

According to preliminary figures, the growth of real gross domestic product (GDP) in China amounted to 5.0 percent in 2024. For 2025, the IMF expects a GDP growth rate of around 4.6 percent. Real GDP growth The current gross domestic product is an important indicator of the economic strength of a country. It refers to the total market value of all goods and services that are produced within a country per year. When analyzing year-on-year changes, the current GDP is adjusted for inflation, thus making it constant. Real GDP growth is regarded as a key indicator for economic growth as it incorporates constant GDP figures. As of 2023, China was among the leading countries with the largest gross domestic product worldwide, second only to the United States which had a GDP volume of almost 27.5 trillion U.S. dollars. The Chinese GDP has shown remarkable growth over the past years. Upon closer examination of the distribution of GDP across economic sectors, a gradual shift from an economy heavily based on industrial production towards an economy focused on services becomes visible, with the service industry outpacing the manufacturing sector in terms of GDP contribution. Key indicator balance of trade Another important indicator for economic assessment is the balance of trade, which measures the relationship between imports and exports of a nation. As an economy heavily reliant on manufacturing and industrial production, China has reached a trade surplus over the last decade, with a total trade balance of around 823 billion U.S. dollars in 2023.

China State-Owned Capital Management: Expenditure: Earthquake Recovery: Industrial and Commercial Enterprise data was reported at 994.000 RMB mn in 2012. This records an increase from the previous number of 174.000 RMB mn for 2011. China State-Owned Capital Management: Expenditure: Earthquake Recovery: Industrial and Commercial Enterprise data is updated yearly, averaging 932.000 RMB mn from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2012, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 994.000 RMB mn in 2012 and a record low of 174.000 RMB mn in 2011. China State-Owned Capital Management: Expenditure: Earthquake Recovery: Industrial and Commercial Enterprise data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Finance. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table CN.FA: State-Owned Capital Management: Revenue and Expenditure.

In a survey conducted in December 2024 among Chinese travel agents, more than half of the respondents expected the Chinese outbound travel market to return to 2019's level by the end of 2025. In addition, 22 percent believed this would happen as early as in the first half of 2025.

China & Taiwan recovery footwear market set to expand at 6.6% CAGR from US$3.2Bn in 2024 to US$5.1Bn by 2031, driven by health and wellness trends

Ningxia: Petroleum Product: Supply: Recovery of Energy data was reported at 472.200 Ton th in 1995. Ningxia: Petroleum Product: Supply: Recovery of Energy data is updated yearly, averaging 472.200 Ton th from Dec 1995 (Median) to 1995, with 1 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 472.200 Ton th in 1995 and a record low of 472.200 Ton th in 1995. Ningxia: Petroleum Product: Supply: Recovery of Energy data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Energy Sector – Table CN.RBJ: Petroleum Product Balance Sheet: Ningxia.

In January 2025, the index for consumer confidence in China ranged at 87.5 points, up from 86.4 points in the previous month. The index dropped considerably in the first half of 2022 and performed a sideways movement during 2023 and 2024. Consumer confidence Index The consumer confidence index (CCI), also called Index of Consumer Sentiment (ICS) is a commonly used indicator to measure the degree of economic optimism among consumers. Based on information about saving and spending activities of consumers, changes in business climate and future spending behavior are being projected. The CCI plays an important role for investors, retailers, and manufacturers in their decision-making processes. However, measurement of consumer confidence varies strongly from country to country. As consumers need time to react to economic changes, the CCI tends to lag behind other indicators like the consumer price index (CPI) and the producer price index (PPI). Development in China As shown by the graph at hand, confidence among Chinese consumers picked up since mid of 2016. In October 2017, the CCI hit a record value of 127.6 index points and entered into a sideward movement. Owing to a relative stability in GDP growth, a low unemployment rate, and a steady development of disposable household income, Chinese consumers gained more confidence in the state of the national economy. Those factors also contribute to the consumers’ spending power, which was reflected by a larger share of consumption in China’s GDP. After the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic, consumer confidence dropped quickly in the beginning of 2020, but started to recover in the second half of the year, leading to a v-shaped movement of the index in 2020.

According to a survey conducted in China in 2021, 47 percent of surveyed travel managers said the effectiveness of the coronavirus controll at the business travel destination was among the main factors determining their company's overseas business travel recovery. Border entry and exit regulations both in China and abroad were another major factors affecting companies' overseas business travel plans.

This data package includes the underlying data to replicate the charts presented in Lessons from China's fiscal policy during the COVID-19 pandemic, PIIE Working Paper 24-7.

If you use the data, please cite as: Huang, Tianlei. 2024. Lessons from China's fiscal policy during the COVID-19 pandemic. PIIE Working Paper 24-7. Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics.

All data for "Recovery of ecosystem productivity in China by the Clean Air Action plan". The data includes NPP simulations (2013-2020, 8-years) from process-based (PBM) and machine learning (MLM) models, source data for Figs 1-5 and Extended Data Figs 1-5, and all names are explained in the supplementary materials.

In January and February 2025, industrial production in China increased by 5.9 percent. On a month-to-month basis, industrial production grew by 0.51 percent in February 2025.

The China Automotive Energy Recovery System Marketsize was valued at USD 7.2 Billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 12.5 Billion by 2032, exhibiting a CAGR of 20.2 % during the forecast period. The automotive energy recovery system commonly abbreviated as ERS can be defined as a system on a vehicle that harnesses energy that would ordinarily be used to waste such as during braking or deceleration before using it to either increase fuel efficiency or power other components on the car. Some of the types are regenerative braking systems, kinetic energy recovery systems or KERS, and thermal electric generators. Key points include fuel consumption, exhaust emission-related areas, and performance. In China, the use of ERS is promoted by limited emissions standards, and the increasing fuel prices, and that calls for environmental protection in the sphere of transportation. Market trends are shifting towards the growing integration of ERS in new vehicle models especially electric and hybrid ones due to environmental concerns and consumers’ preferences for environment-friendly vehicles. Key drivers for this market are: Increasing Demand for Forged Products in Power, Agriculture, Aerospace, and Defense to Drive Industry Expansion. Potential restraints include: Lack of Standardization Affects the Market in the Country. Notable trends are: Rising Adoption of Automation in Manufacturing to Drive Market Growth.

China EVI: Waste Resources & Materials Recovery & Processing data was reported at 69.600 Prev Year=100 in May 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 98.000 Prev Year=100 for Apr 2018. China EVI: Waste Resources & Materials Recovery & Processing data is updated monthly, averaging 122.000 Prev Year=100 from Jan 2005 (Median) to May 2018, with 160 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 626.400 Prev Year=100 in May 2010 and a record low of 18.900 Prev Year=100 in Apr 2009. China EVI: Waste Resources & Materials Recovery & Processing data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by General Administration of Customs. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s International Trade – Table CN.JE: Trade Value Index: By Industry.

China IVI: Waste Resources & Materials Recovery & Processing data was reported at 60.300 Prev Year=100 in May 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 67.600 Prev Year=100 for Apr 2018. China IVI: Waste Resources & Materials Recovery & Processing data is updated monthly, averaging 103.400 Prev Year=100 from Jan 2005 (Median) to May 2018, with 161 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 327.300 Prev Year=100 in Jan 2010 and a record low of 40.900 Prev Year=100 in Jan 2009. China IVI: Waste Resources & Materials Recovery & Processing data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by General Administration of Customs. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s International Trade – Table CN.JE: Trade Value Index: By Industry.

BHP Group Ltd. faces a 23% profit decline for the first half amid decreased Chinese demand for commodities, impacting dividends. CEO remains positive on future demand as China's economy shows recovery signs.