As of December 2024, Japan held United States treasury securities totaling about 1.06 trillion U.S. dollars. Foreign holders of United States treasury debt According to the Federal Reserve and U.S. Department of the Treasury, foreign countries held a total of 8.5 trillion U.S. dollars in U.S. treasury securities as of December 2024. Of the total held by foreign countries, Japan and Mainland China held the greatest portions, with China holding 759 billion U.S. dollars in U.S. securities. The U.S. public debt In 2023, the United States had a total public national debt of 33.2 trillion U.S. dollars, an amount that has been rising steadily, particularly since 2008. In 2023, the total interest expense on debt held by the public of the United States reached 678 billion U.S. dollars, while 197 billion U.S. dollars in interest expense were intra governmental debt holdings. Total outlays of the U.S. government were 6.1 trillion U.S. dollars in 2023. By 2029, spending is projected to reach 8.3 trillion U.S. dollars.

The value of U.S. Treasury securities held by residents of Russia amounted to ** million U.S. dollars in March 2025, marking a stark contrast to ***** billion U.S. dollars held in January 2020. The lowest over the period under consideration was recorded in November 2023 at ** million U.S. dollars. Furthermore, in March 2020, the figure plummeted to **** billion U.S. dollars, down from **** billion U.S. dollars one month prior. Russia’s holdings of U.S. treasury securities have decreased since 2014 following the Western sanctions over the annexation of Crimea and have further dropped in 2022 after more restrictions were imposed over the war in Ukraine. What are U.S. treasury holdings? U.S. treasury holdings are government debt instruments that contribute to the funding of various government projects in the country. The U.S. Department of Treasury allows individuals and organizations to invest in treasury notes, bills, and bonds, which are the main three types of securities. Just under half of the outstanding ** trillion U.S. dollars as of May 2024 were in the form of treasury notes. The notes have varying maturities and coupon payment frequencies, which are different from the maturity periods of treasury bills and bonds. Main foreign holders of U.S. treasury securities Foreign holdings of U.S. treasury debt amounted to ***** trillion U.S. dollars as of January 2024. Japan and China held the largest portions, with China possessing ***** billion U.S. dollars in U.S. securities. Additionally, other significant foreign holders included oil exporting countries and Caribbean banking centers.

United States Gross Sales by Foreigners: China: US T Bonds & Notes data was reported at 5.552 USD bn in May 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 22.594 USD bn for Apr 2018. United States Gross Sales by Foreigners: China: US T Bonds & Notes data is updated monthly, averaging 2.563 USD bn from Jan 1977 (Median) to May 2018, with 497 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 66.332 USD bn in Aug 2011 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in Feb 1985. United States Gross Sales by Foreigners: China: US T Bonds & Notes data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Department of Treasury. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.Z039: Foreign Purchases and Sales in Long Term Securities: Asian Countries.

In June 2025, the average yield on ten-year government bonds in the United States was **** percent. This was the ******* of the selected developed economies considered in this statistic. Bonds and yields – additional information The bond yield indicates the level of return that the investor can expect from a given type of bond. The government of Italy, for instance, offered the investors **** percent yield on ten-year government bonds for borrowing their money in June 2025. In the United States, government needs are also financed by selling various debt instruments such as Treasury bills, notes, bonds and savings bonds to investors. The largest holders of U.S. debt are the Federal Reserve and Government accounts in the United States. The major foreign holders of the United States treasury securities are Japan, Mainland China, and the United Kingdom.

United States Gross Purchases by Foreigners: China: US T Bonds & Notes data was reported at 14.512 USD bn in Sep 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 18.034 USD bn for Aug 2018. United States Gross Purchases by Foreigners: China: US T Bonds & Notes data is updated monthly, averaging 3.055 USD bn from Jan 1977 (Median) to Sep 2018, with 501 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 56.126 USD bn in Sep 2011 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in Feb 1985. United States Gross Purchases by Foreigners: China: US T Bonds & Notes data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Department of Treasury. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.Z039: Foreign Purchases and Sales in Long Term Securities: Asian Countries.

Graph and download economic data for Federal Debt Held by Foreign and International Investors (FDHBFIN) from Q1 1970 to Q2 2025 about foreign, debt, federal, and USA.

China Bond Settlement: OTC: Spot: Sell: GB: Treasury Bond data was reported at 75.000 RMB mn in Mar 2013. This records an increase from the previous number of 65.000 RMB mn for Feb 2013. China Bond Settlement: OTC: Spot: Sell: GB: Treasury Bond data is updated monthly, averaging 139.000 RMB mn from Jun 2002 (Median) to Mar 2013, with 130 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 825.000 RMB mn in Jul 2009 and a record low of 16.000 RMB mn in Jul 2003. China Bond Settlement: OTC: Spot: Sell: GB: Treasury Bond data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by China Central Depository & Clearing Co., Ltd. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZD: CCDC: Bond Settlement: OTC Spot.

China Bond Settlement: OTC: Spot: Sell: GB: Local Government Bond data was reported at 0.000 RMB mn in Mar 2013. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 RMB mn for Feb 2013. China Bond Settlement: OTC: Spot: Sell: GB: Local Government Bond data is updated monthly, averaging 0.000 RMB mn from Mar 2009 (Median) to Mar 2013, with 49 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 RMB mn in Mar 2013 and a record low of 0.000 RMB mn in Mar 2013. China Bond Settlement: OTC: Spot: Sell: GB: Local Government Bond data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by China Central Depository & Clearing Co., Ltd. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZD: CCDC: Bond Settlement: OTC Spot.

Selling-General-and-Administrative Time Series for Bank of Ningbo Co Ltd. Bank of Ningbo Co., Ltd. provides various personal and business banking products and services in the People's Republic of China. The company operates through four segments: Corporate Business, Personal Business, Capital Business, and Other Business. It offers deposits; short-term, medium-term, and long-term loans; bank cards; domestic and international settlement services; bill discounting services; issues financial bonds; acting as an agent for the issuance, redemption, and underwriting of government bonds; buying and selling government bonds; acts as an underwriter of government bonds; inter-bank lending and borrowing services; payment/collection and insurance agency services; and foreign currency guarantees, as well as other banking services. The company also provides safe deposit box; foreign currency deposit, loans, and remittance; foreign exchange settlement and sale; and foreign currency exchange services. It operates capital operation center located in Shanghai, as well as branches located in the cities of Ningbo and Zhejiang province; Shanghai, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Shenzhen, Suzhou, Wenzhou, Beijing, Wuxi, Jinhua, Shaoxing, Taizhou, Jiaxing, Lishui, Huzhou, Quzhou, and Zhoushan. The company was formerly known as Ningbo Commercial Bank Co., Ltd. and changed its name to Bank of Ningbo Co., Ltd. in February 2007. Bank of Ningbo Co., Ltd. was founded in 1997 and is headquartered in Ningbo, the People's Republic of China.

Selling-General-and-Administrative Time Series for Bank of Qingdao Co Ltd. Bank of Qingdao Co., Ltd. provides various banking products and services in the People's Republic of China. The company operates through three segments: Retail Banking, Corporate Banking, and Financial Market Business. It provides deposits products; retail, corporate, and personal loans; discounted bills; short, mid, and long-term loans; conduct domestic and overseas settlement products, as well as acceptance, discounting, and inter-bank discounting of notes; and financial bonds, as well as engages in issuing, cash-in, and underwriting government and financial bonds as agent and bank card business. The company also provides letter of credit and guarantee, and safe deposit box services; time deposits of commercial banks for cash management of central treasury; securities investment fund custody services; financial leasing, wealth management, other services and corporate bonds. In addition, it engages in the foreign exchange settlement and sales; bond settlement agency; selling of public securities investment funds; ordinary derivatives trading business; interbank lending and borrowing and interbank deposit; and other businesses, as well as performs receipt and payment, and insurance agent business, as well as other agency services, including sales of precious metals. It operates through in-bank self-service banks; and self-service machines, including automated teller machines, cash recycling machines, self-service terminals and cash teller machine that provide various services, such as withdrawals, deposits, transfers, account inquiries, and payments. The company was formerly known as Qingdao City Commercial Bank Co., Ltd. and changed its name to Bank of Qingdao Co., Ltd. in 2008. Bank of Qingdao Co., Ltd. was founded in 1996 and is headquartered in Qingdao, the People's Republic of China.

United States Gross Sales by Foreigners: China: US Govt Agency Bonds data was reported at 7.745 USD bn in May 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 6.154 USD bn for Apr 2018. United States Gross Sales by Foreigners: China: US Govt Agency Bonds data is updated monthly, averaging 87.000 USD mn from Jan 1977 (Median) to May 2018, with 497 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 37.886 USD bn in Aug 2016 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in Dec 1997. United States Gross Sales by Foreigners: China: US Govt Agency Bonds data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Department of Treasury. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.Z039: Foreign Purchases and Sales in Long Term Securities: Asian Countries.

United States Gross Purchases by Foreigners: China: US Govt Agency Bonds data was reported at 20.635 USD bn in Sep 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 16.126 USD bn for Aug 2018. United States Gross Purchases by Foreigners: China: US Govt Agency Bonds data is updated monthly, averaging 238.000 USD mn from Jan 1977 (Median) to Sep 2018, with 501 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 41.624 USD bn in Feb 2017 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in Apr 1995. United States Gross Purchases by Foreigners: China: US Govt Agency Bonds data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Department of Treasury. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.Z039: Foreign Purchases and Sales in Long Term Securities: Asian Countries.

United States Net Purchases by Foreigners: China: Foreign Bonds data was reported at 1.093 USD bn in May 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of -479.000 USD mn for Apr 2018. United States Net Purchases by Foreigners: China: Foreign Bonds data is updated monthly, averaging 53.500 USD mn from Dec 1978 (Median) to May 2018, with 474 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.626 USD bn in Sep 2017 and a record low of -966.000 USD mn in Sep 2013. United States Net Purchases by Foreigners: China: Foreign Bonds data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Department of Treasury. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.Z039: Foreign Purchases and Sales in Long Term Securities: Asian Countries.

United States Net Purchases by Foreigners: China: US Corp Bonds data was reported at 40.000 USD mn in May 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 419.000 USD mn for Apr 2018. United States Net Purchases by Foreigners: China: US Corp Bonds data is updated monthly, averaging 3.000 USD mn from Dec 1978 (Median) to May 2018, with 474 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 9.238 USD bn in May 2008 and a record low of -2.599 USD bn in Sep 2008. United States Net Purchases by Foreigners: China: US Corp Bonds data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Department of Treasury. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.Z039: Foreign Purchases and Sales in Long Term Securities: Asian Countries.