As of December 2024, Japan held United States treasury securities totaling about 1.06 trillion U.S. dollars. Foreign holders of United States treasury debt According to the Federal Reserve and U.S. Department of the Treasury, foreign countries held a total of 8.5 trillion U.S. dollars in U.S. treasury securities as of December 2024. Of the total held by foreign countries, Japan and Mainland China held the greatest portions, with China holding 759 billion U.S. dollars in U.S. securities. The U.S. public debt In 2023, the United States had a total public national debt of 33.2 trillion U.S. dollars, an amount that has been rising steadily, particularly since 2008. In 2023, the total interest expense on debt held by the public of the United States reached 678 billion U.S. dollars, while 197 billion U.S. dollars in interest expense were intra governmental debt holdings. Total outlays of the U.S. government were 6.1 trillion U.S. dollars in 2023. By 2029, spending is projected to reach 8.3 trillion U.S. dollars.

The value of U.S. Treasury securities held by residents of Russia amounted to ** million U.S. dollars in March 2025, marking a stark contrast to ***** billion U.S. dollars held in January 2020. The lowest over the period under consideration was recorded in November 2023 at ** million U.S. dollars. Furthermore, in March 2020, the figure plummeted to **** billion U.S. dollars, down from **** billion U.S. dollars one month prior. Russia’s holdings of U.S. treasury securities have decreased since 2014 following the Western sanctions over the annexation of Crimea and have further dropped in 2022 after more restrictions were imposed over the war in Ukraine. What are U.S. treasury holdings? U.S. treasury holdings are government debt instruments that contribute to the funding of various government projects in the country. The U.S. Department of Treasury allows individuals and organizations to invest in treasury notes, bills, and bonds, which are the main three types of securities. Just under half of the outstanding ** trillion U.S. dollars as of May 2024 were in the form of treasury notes. The notes have varying maturities and coupon payment frequencies, which are different from the maturity periods of treasury bills and bonds. Main foreign holders of U.S. treasury securities Foreign holdings of U.S. treasury debt amounted to ***** trillion U.S. dollars as of January 2024. Japan and China held the largest portions, with China possessing ***** billion U.S. dollars in U.S. securities. Additionally, other significant foreign holders included oil exporting countries and Caribbean banking centers.

United States Gross Purchases by Foreigners: China: US T Bonds & Notes data was reported at 14.512 USD bn in Sep 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 18.034 USD bn for Aug 2018. United States Gross Purchases by Foreigners: China: US T Bonds & Notes data is updated monthly, averaging 3.055 USD bn from Jan 1977 (Median) to Sep 2018, with 501 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 56.126 USD bn in Sep 2011 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in Feb 1985. United States Gross Purchases by Foreigners: China: US T Bonds & Notes data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Department of Treasury. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.Z039: Foreign Purchases and Sales in Long Term Securities: Asian Countries.

Graph and download economic data for Federal Debt Held by Foreign and International Investors (FDHBFIN) from Q1 1970 to Q2 2025 about foreign, debt, federal, and USA.

United States Gross Sales by Foreigners: China: US T Bonds & Notes data was reported at 5.552 USD bn in May 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 22.594 USD bn for Apr 2018. United States Gross Sales by Foreigners: China: US T Bonds & Notes data is updated monthly, averaging 2.563 USD bn from Jan 1977 (Median) to May 2018, with 497 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 66.332 USD bn in Aug 2011 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in Feb 1985. United States Gross Sales by Foreigners: China: US T Bonds & Notes data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Department of Treasury. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.Z039: Foreign Purchases and Sales in Long Term Securities: Asian Countries.

The yield on China 10Y Bond Yield held steady at 1.83% on December 2, 2025. Over the past month, the yield has edged up by 0.07 points, though it remains 0.16 points lower than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. China 10-Year Government Bond Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

In June 2025, the average yield on ten-year government bonds in the United States was **** percent. This was the ******* of the selected developed economies considered in this statistic. Bonds and yields – additional information The bond yield indicates the level of return that the investor can expect from a given type of bond. The government of Italy, for instance, offered the investors **** percent yield on ten-year government bonds for borrowing their money in June 2025. In the United States, government needs are also financed by selling various debt instruments such as Treasury bills, notes, bonds and savings bonds to investors. The largest holders of U.S. debt are the Federal Reserve and Government accounts in the United States. The major foreign holders of the United States treasury securities are Japan, Mainland China, and the United Kingdom.

China Bond Settlement: OTC: Spot: Sell: GB data was reported at 75.000 RMB mn in Mar 2013. This records an increase from the previous number of 65.000 RMB mn for Feb 2013. China Bond Settlement: OTC: Spot: Sell: GB data is updated monthly, averaging 139.000 RMB mn from Jun 2002 (Median) to Mar 2013, with 130 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 825.000 RMB mn in Jul 2009 and a record low of 16.000 RMB mn in Jul 2003. China Bond Settlement: OTC: Spot: Sell: GB data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by China Central Depository & Clearing Co., Ltd. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZD: CCDC: Bond Settlement: OTC Spot.

The graph shows national debt in China related to gross domestic product until 2024, with forecasts to 2030. In 2024, gross national debt ranged at around 88 percent of the national gross domestic product. The debt-to-GDP ratio In economics, the ratio between a country's government debt and its gross domestic product (GDP) is generally defined as the debt-to-GDP ratio. It is a useful indicator for investors to measure a country's ability to fulfill future payments on its debts. A low debt-to-GDP ratio also suggests that an economy produces and sells a sufficient amount of goods and services to pay back those debts. Among the important industrial and emerging countries, Japan displayed one of the highest debt-to-GDP ratios. In 2024, the estimated national debt of Japan amounted to about 250 percent of its GDP, up from around 180 percent in 2004. One reason behind Japan's high debt load lies in its low annual GDP growth rate. Development in China China's national debt related to GDP grew slowly but steadily from around 23 percent in 2000 to 34 percent in 2012, only disrupted by the global financial crisis in 2008. In recent years, China increased credit financing to spur economic growth, resulting in higher levels of debt. China's real estate crisis and a difficult global economic environment require further stimulating measures by the government and will predictably lead to even higher debt growth in the years ahead.

The allocation of assets across different markets is a crucial element of investment strategy. In this regard, stocks and bonds are two significant assets that form the backbone of multi-asset allocation. Among publicly offered funds (The publicly offered funds in China correspond to the mutual funds in the United States, with different names and details in terms of legal form and sales channels), the stock-bond hybrid fund gives investors a return while minimizing the risk through capital flow between the stock and bond markets. Our research on China’s financial market data from 2006 to 2022 reveals a cross-asset momentum between the stock and bond markets. We find that the momentum in the stock market negatively influences the bond market’s return, while the momentum in the bond market positively influences the stock market’s return. Portfolios that exploit cross-asset momentum have excess returns that other asset pricing factors cannot explain. Our analysis reveals that hybrid funds play an intermediary role in the transmission mechanism of cross-asset momentum. We observe that the more flexible the asset allocation ratio of the fund, the more crucial the intermediary role played by the fund. Hence, encouraging the development of hybrid funds and relaxing restrictions on asset allocation ratios could improve liquidity and pricing efficiency. These findings have significant implications for investors seeking to optimize their asset allocation across different markets and for policymakers seeking to enhance the efficiency of China’s financial market.

Techsalerator offers an extensive dataset of End-of-Day Pricing Data for all 2037 companies listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange (XSHG) in China. This dataset includes the closing prices of equities (stocks), bonds, and indices at the end of each trading session. End-of-day prices are vital pieces of market data that are widely used by investors, traders, and financial institutions to monitor the performance and value of these assets over time.

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Top 5 used data fields in the End-of-Day Pricing Dataset for China:

1. Equity Closing Price :The closing price of individual company stocks at the end of the trading day.This field provides insights into the final price at which market participants were willing to buy or sell shares of a specific company.

2. Bond Closing Price: The closing price of various fixed-income securities, including government bonds, corporate bonds, and municipal bonds. Bond investors use this field to assess the current market value of their bond holdings.

3. Index Closing Price: The closing value of market indices, such as the Botswana stock market index, at the end of the trading day. These indices track the overall market performance and direction.

4. Equity Ticker Symbol: The unique symbol used to identify individual company stocks. Ticker symbols facilitate efficient trading and data retrieval.

5. Date of Closing Price: The specific trading day for which the closing price is provided. This date is essential for historical analysis and trend monitoring.

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Top 5 financial instruments with End-of-Day Pricing Data in China:

Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) Domestic Company Index: The main index that tracks the performance of domestic companies listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange. This index provides an overview of the overall market performance in China.

Shenzhen Stock Exchange (SZSE) Domestic Company Index: The index that tracks the performance of domestic companies listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. This index reflects the performance of companies listed on the technology-focused exchange.

Company A: A prominent Chinese company with diversified operations across various sectors, such as technology, finance, or manufacturing. This company's stock is widely traded on either the Shanghai Stock Exchange or the Shenzhen Stock Exchange.

Company B: A leading financial institution in China, offering banking, insurance, or investment services. This company's stock is actively traded on one of the major stock exchanges in China.

Company C: A major player in the Chinese agriculture sector or other industries, involved in the production and distribution of goods or services. This company's stock is listed and actively traded on either the Shanghai Stock Exchange or the Shenzhen Stock Exchange.

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If you're interested in accessing Techsalerator's End-of-Day Pricing Data for China, please contact info@techsalerator.com with your specific requirements. Techsalerator will provide you with a customized quote based on the number of data fields and records you need. The dataset can be delivered within 24 hours, and ongoing access options can be discussed if needed.

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Data fields included:

Equity Ticker Symbol Equity Closing Price Bond Ticker Symbol Bond Closing Price Index Ticker Symbol Index Closing Price Date of Closing Price Equity Name Equity Volume Equity High Price Equity Low Price Equity Open Price Bond Name Bond Coupon Rate Bond Maturity Index Name Index Change Index Percent Change Exchange Currency Total Market Capitalization Dividend Yield Price-to-Earnings Ratio (P/E) ‍

Q&A:

1. How much does the End-of-Day Pricing Data cost in China ?

The cost of this dataset may vary depending on factors such as the number of data fields, the frequency of updates, and the total records count. For precise pricing details, it is recommended to directly consult with a Techsalerator Data specialist.

1. How complete is the End-of-Day Pricing Data coverage in China?

Techsalerator provides comprehensive coverage of End-of-Day Pricing Data for various financial instruments, including equities, bonds, and indices. Thedataset encompasses major companies and securities traded on China exchanges.

1. How does Techsalerator collect this data?

Techsalerator collects End-of-Day Pricing Data from reliable sources, including stock exchanges, financial news outlets, and other market data providers. Data is carefully curated to ensure accuracy and reliability.

1. Can I select specific financial instruments or multiple countries with Techsalerator's End-of-Day Pricing Data?

Techsalerator offers the flexibility to select specific financial instruments, such as equities, bonds, or indices, depending on your needs. While the dataset focuses on Botswana, Techsalerator also provides data for other countries and international markets.

1. How do I pay for this dataset?

T...

Selling-General-and-Administrative Time Series for Bank of Ningbo Co Ltd. Bank of Ningbo Co., Ltd. provides various personal and business banking products and services in the People's Republic of China. The company operates through four segments: Corporate Business, Personal Business, Capital Business, and Other Business. It offers deposits; short-term, medium-term, and long-term loans; bank cards; domestic and international settlement services; bill discounting services; issues financial bonds; acting as an agent for the issuance, redemption, and underwriting of government bonds; buying and selling government bonds; acts as an underwriter of government bonds; inter-bank lending and borrowing services; payment/collection and insurance agency services; and foreign currency guarantees, as well as other banking services. The company also provides safe deposit box; foreign currency deposit, loans, and remittance; foreign exchange settlement and sale; and foreign currency exchange services. It operates capital operation center located in Shanghai, as well as branches located in the cities of Ningbo and Zhejiang province; Shanghai, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Shenzhen, Suzhou, Wenzhou, Beijing, Wuxi, Jinhua, Shaoxing, Taizhou, Jiaxing, Lishui, Huzhou, Quzhou, and Zhoushan. The company was formerly known as Ningbo Commercial Bank Co., Ltd. and changed its name to Bank of Ningbo Co., Ltd. in February 2007. Bank of Ningbo Co., Ltd. was founded in 1997 and is headquartered in Ningbo, the People's Republic of China.

China Bond Settlement: Interbank: Spot: Sell: Securities Company data was reported at 2,104,365.260 RMB mn in Feb 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3,615,230.744 RMB mn for Jan 2021. China Bond Settlement: Interbank: Spot: Sell: Securities Company data is updated monthly, averaging 282,069.400 RMB mn from Jun 1997 (Median) to Feb 2021, with 285 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,152,126.026 RMB mn in Nov 2019 and a record low of 0.000 RMB mn in Mar 2002. China Bond Settlement: Interbank: Spot: Sell: Securities Company data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by China Central Depository & Clearing Co., Ltd. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZD: CCDC: Bond Settlement: Interbank Spot.

Techsalerator offers an extensive dataset of End-of-Day Pricing Data for all 2597 companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (XHKG) in Hong Kong. This dataset includes the closing prices of equities (stocks), bonds, and indices at the end of each trading session. End-of-day prices are vital pieces of market data that are widely used by investors, traders, and financial institutions to monitor the performance and value of these assets over time.

Top 5 used data fields in the End-of-Day Pricing Dataset for Hong Kong:

1. Equity Closing Price :The closing price of individual company stocks at the end of the trading day.This field provides insights into the final price at which market participants were willing to buy or sell shares of a specific company.

2. Bond Closing Price: The closing price of various fixed-income securities, including government bonds, corporate bonds, and municipal bonds. Bond investors use this field to assess the current market value of their bond holdings.

3. Index Closing Price: The closing value of market indices, such as the Botswana stock market index, at the end of the trading day. These indices track the overall market performance and direction.

4. Equity Ticker Symbol: The unique symbol used to identify individual company stocks. Ticker symbols facilitate efficient trading and data retrieval.

5. Date of Closing Price: The specific trading day for which the closing price is provided. This date is essential for historical analysis and trend monitoring.

‍

Top 5 financial instruments with End-of-Day Pricing Data in Hong Kong:

Hang Seng Index: The main index that tracks the performance of major companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. This index provides an overview of the overall market performance in Hong Kong.

Hang Seng China Enterprises Index (HSCEI): The index that tracks the performance of mainland Chinese companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. This index reflects the performance of Chinese companies with significant operations in Hong Kong.

Company A: A prominent Hong Kong-based company with diversified operations across various sectors, such as finance, real estate, or retail. This company's stock is widely traded on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange.

Company B: A leading financial institution in Hong Kong, offering banking, insurance, or investment services. This company's stock is actively traded on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange.

Company C: A major player in the Hong Kong property development or other industries, involved in the construction and management of real estate projects. This company's stock is listed and actively traded on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange.

‍

If you're interested in accessing Techsalerator's End-of-Day Pricing Data for Hong Kong, please contact info@techsalerator.com with your specific requirements. Techsalerator will provide you with a customized quote based on the number of data fields and records you need. The dataset can be delivered within 24 hours, and ongoing access options can be discussed if needed.

‍

Data fields included:

Equity Ticker Symbol Equity Closing Price Bond Ticker Symbol Bond Closing Price Index Ticker Symbol Index Closing Price Date of Closing Price Equity Name Equity Volume Equity High Price Equity Low Price Equity Open Price Bond Name Bond Coupon Rate Bond Maturity Index Name Index Change Index Percent Change Exchange Currency Total Market Capitalization Dividend Yield Price-to-Earnings Ratio (P/E) ‍

Q&A:

1. How much does the End-of-Day Pricing Data cost in Hong Kong ?

The cost of this dataset may vary depending on factors such as the number of data fields, the frequency of updates, and the total records count. For precise pricing details, it is recommended to directly consult with a Techsalerator Data specialist.

1. How complete is the End-of-Day Pricing Data coverage in Hong Kong?

Techsalerator provides comprehensive coverage of End-of-Day Pricing Data for various financial instruments, including equities, bonds, and indices. Thedataset encompasses major companies and securities traded on Hong Kong exchanges.

1. How does Techsalerator collect this data?

Techsalerator collects End-of-Day Pricing Data from reliable sources, including stock exchanges, financial news outlets, and other market data providers. Data is carefully curated to ensure accuracy and reliability.

1. Can I select specific financial instruments or multiple countries with Techsalerator's End-of-Day Pricing Data?

Techsalerator offers the flexibility to select specific financial instruments, such as equities, bonds, or indices, depending on your needs. While the dataset focuses on Botswana, Techsalerator also provides data for other countries and international markets.

1. How do I pay for this dataset?

Techsalerator accepts various payment methods, including credit cards, direct tr...

The influence of the historical accumulated return of the CSI 300 index and SSE Corporate Bond Index on the future return of different fund indexes.

Result of the momentum transmission mechanism: From the bond to the stock market.

China Bond Settlement: Interbank: Spot: Sell: non Financial Inst data was reported at 0.000 RMB mn in Dec 2018. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 RMB mn for Nov 2018. China Bond Settlement: Interbank: Spot: Sell: non Financial Inst data is updated monthly, averaging 100.000 RMB mn from Jun 1997 (Median) to Dec 2018, with 259 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 97,523.000 RMB mn in Mar 2010 and a record low of 0.000 RMB mn in Dec 2018. China Bond Settlement: Interbank: Spot: Sell: non Financial Inst data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by China Central Depository & Clearing Co., Ltd. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZD: CCDC: Bond Settlement: Interbank Spot.

The robustness checks: The result of the momentum transmission mechanism with IV-GMM, from the stock to the bond market.

Gross-Profit-Margin Time Series for Industrial and Commercial Bank of China. Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited, together with its subsidiaries, provides banking products and services in the People's Republic of China and internationally. The company operates through Corporate Banking, Personal Banking, and Treasury Operations segments. The Corporate Banking segment offers financial products and services, such as deposits, trade financing, corporate wealth management, custody, and various corporate intermediary services, as well as corporate loans to corporations, government agencies, and financial institutions. Its Personal Banking segment provides financial products and services, including deposit-taking activities, personal loans, card business, personal wealth management services, and various personal intermediary services to individual customers. The Treasury Business segment is involved in the money market transactions, investment securities, and proprietary and foreign exchange transactions businesses. It also offers personal and corporate internet and mobile banking; debit and credit cards. In addition, the company is involved in the fund raising, fund sales, asset management, and other businesses; financial leasing; insurance businesses, such as life, health, and accident insurance, as well as reinsurance; sponsorship and underwriting for listing, underwriting for bond issuance, financial consulting, direct investment, sales and trading, market research, etc.; provision of all-round cross-border comprehensive financial services for corporate and personal customers; debt-for-equity swaps; and issuance of wealth management products, wealth management advisory and consulting services. Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited was incorporated in 1984 and is based in Beijing, the People's Republic of China.

China Bond Settlement: Interbank: Spot: Sell: CB: Foreign Bank data was reported at 376,714.980 RMB mn in Feb 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 732,576.560 RMB mn for Jan 2021. China Bond Settlement: Interbank: Spot: Sell: CB: Foreign Bank data is updated monthly, averaging 200,905.780 RMB mn from Jun 1997 (Median) to Feb 2021, with 285 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 842,348.000 RMB mn in Aug 2012 and a record low of 0.000 RMB mn in Dec 2003. China Bond Settlement: Interbank: Spot: Sell: CB: Foreign Bank data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by China Central Depository & Clearing Co., Ltd. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZD: CCDC: Bond Settlement: Interbank Spot.