The main stock market index in China (SHANGHAI) increased 22 points or 0.66% since the beginning of 2025, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from China. China Shanghai Composite Stock Market Index - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on March of 2025.

The China Capital Market Exchange Ecosystem is Segmented by Type of Market (Primary Market, Secondary Market), Financial Product (Debt, Equity), and Investors (retail Investors, Institutional Investors). The Report Offers Market Size and Forecasts for the China Capital Market Exchange Ecosystem in Value (USD) for all the Above Segments.

The main stock market index in Hong Kong (HK50) increased 3587 points or 17.88% since the beginning of 2025, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Hong Kong. Hong Kong Stock Market Index (HK50) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on March of 2025.

The Asia-Pacific capital market exchange ecosystem is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing financialization in the region's rapidly developing economies. A compound annual growth rate (CAGR) exceeding 7% from 2019 to 2024 suggests a significant market expansion, projected to continue into the forecast period (2025-2033). Key drivers include rising domestic savings, increasing foreign direct investment (FDI), and the proliferation of retail and institutional investors. The expansion of digital financial services and fintech innovations further fuels this growth, facilitating easier access to markets and investment products. While market segments vary significantly across the region, the dominance of equity and debt markets is evident, reflecting the developmental stage of many economies. The presence of major stock exchanges like the Shanghai, Tokyo, and Hong Kong exchanges underscores the region's importance in the global financial landscape. However, regulatory hurdles, geopolitical uncertainties, and potential macroeconomic shifts pose some restraints to sustained growth. The study focuses on key markets within the Asia-Pacific region, including China, Japan, South Korea, India, Australia, and others, providing a detailed picture of market dynamics and future potential within each specific nation. Furthermore, the growing participation of institutional investors, alongside a rising retail investor base, points to a mature and deepening market. This expanding market presents significant opportunities for both domestic and international players. However, navigating the diverse regulatory environments and understanding the unique characteristics of each national market is crucial for success. Future growth will likely be shaped by government policies promoting financial inclusion, technological advancements enhancing market efficiency, and the overall macroeconomic stability of the region. The continued development and deepening of these capital markets will play a critical role in driving economic growth and development across the Asia-Pacific region for the foreseeable future, attracting further foreign investment and fostering greater financial integration within the area. Please note: I cannot create hyperlinks. I also cannot provide financial data (market size, growth rates, etc.) as this requires specialized market research. The following report description provides a framework; you would need to fill in the financial data from your research. Recent developments include: July 2022: The eligible companies listed on Beijing Stock Exchange were allowed to apply for transfer to the Star Market of the Shanghai Stock Exchange. A transfer system is a positive approach for bridge-building efforts between China's multiple layers of the capital market., February 2022: The China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) approved the merger of Shenzhen Stock Exchange's main board with the SME board. The merger will optimize the trading structure of the Shenzhen Stock Exchange.. Notable trends are: Increasing Foreign Direct Investment in Various Developing Economies in Asia-Pacific.

Key information about China Market Capitalization

• China Market Capitalization accounted for 11,870.548 USD bn in Feb 2025, compared with a percentage of 11,513.605 USD bn in the previous month
• China Market Capitalization is updated monthly, available from Jul 1995 to Feb 2025
• The data reached an all-time high of 14,375.423 USD bn in Dec 2021 and a record low of 40.601 USD bn in Jan 1996

CEIC calculates monthly Market Capitalization as the sum of Market Capitalization of Shanghai Stock Exchange and Market Capitalization of Shenzhen Stock Exchange and converts it into USD. Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange provides Market Capitalization in local currency. The Federal Reserve Board period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions.

As of January 2025, the SSE Composite Index had closed at 3,250.6 points. The index reflects the performance of all stocks traded on the Shanghai Stock Exchange, including both boards, the main board, and the Star market. SSE still number one In the greater Chinese region, the stock exchange in Shanghai was the largest, beating the bourses in Shenzhen, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. In 2023, the Shanghai Stock Exchange recorded a market capitalization of over 6.5 trillion. Not only market capitalization was a unique attribute, but the Shanghai Stock Exchange was also home to the most valuable stock in mainland China, which was the baijiu producer Moutai Kweichow. Limited access Despite its size, the exchange in Shanghai only grants limited access to overseas investors. The bourse listed A-shares and B-shares. While A-shares are denominated in yuan and almost exclusively available for domestic traders, the prices of B-shares are in U.S. dollars and available for overseas investors as well. In addition, the bourse offers access to foreign investors through a trading accreditation which is supervised by the Chinese authorities. However, these tight controls are the reason why Hong Kong, despite its lower relative market capitalization, remains an important gateway to capital for mainland Chinese companies.

The China Mutual Funds Market is segmented by fund type (Equity, Debt, Multi-Asset, Money Market, and others), by investor type (Households, Monetary Financial Institutions, General Government, Non-Financial Corporations, Insurers & Pension Funds, and other financial intermediaries). The report offers market size and forecasts in value (USD Billion) for all the above segments.

Key information about China P/E ratio

• China Shanghai Stock Exchange recorded a daily P/E ratio of 14.340 on 26 Mar 2025, compared with 14.320 from the previous day.
• China Shanghai Stock Exchange P/E ratio is updated daily, with historical data available from Apr 2001 to Mar 2025.
• The P/E ratio reached an all-time high of 27.970 in Apr 2010 and a record low of 9.590 in May 2014.
• Shanghai Stock Exchange provides daily P/E Ratio.

In the latest reports, Shanghai Shenzhen 300 closed at 3,890.050 points in Feb 2025.

The prediction of stock prices has long been a captivating subject in academic research. This study aims to forecast the prices of prominent stocks in five key industries of the Chinese A-share market by leveraging the synergistic power of deep learning techniques and investor sentiment analysis. To achieve this, a sentiment multi-classification dataset is for the first time constructed for China’s stock market, based on four types of sentiments in modern psychology. The significant heterogeneity of sentiment changes in the sectors’ leading stock markets is trained and mined using the Bi-LSTM-ATT model. The impact of multi-classification investor sentiment on stock price prediction was analyzed using the CNN-Bi-LSTM-ATT model. It finds that integrating sentiment indicators into the prediction of industry leading stock prices can enhance the accuracy of the model. Drawing upon four fundamental sentiment types derived from modern psychology, our dataset provides a comprehensive framework for analyzing investor sentiment and its impact on forecasting the stock prices of China’s A-share market.

The graph shows China's share in global gross domestic product adjusted for purchasing-power-parity until 2023, with a forecast until 2029. In 2023, China's share was about 18.75 percent. China's global GDP share Due to the introduction of capitalist market principles in 1978, China's economic market began to show immense change and growth. China's real GDP growth ranged at 5.2 percent in 2023. China's per capita GDP is also expected to continue to grow, reaching 12,600 U.S. dollars in 2023. Comparatively, Luxembourg and Ireland have some of the world’s largest GDP per capita with 129,800 U.S. dollars and 104,300 U.S. dollars, respectively, as of 2023. China is the largest exporter and second largest importer of goods in the world and is also among the largest manufacturing economies. The country also ranges among the world's largest agricultural producers and consumers. It relies heavily on intensive agricultural practices and is the world's largest producer of pigs, chickens, and eggs. Livestock production has been heavily emphasized since the mid-1970s. China’s chemical industry has also seen growth with a heavy focus on fertilizers, plastics, and synthetic fibers. China's use of chemical fertilizers amounted to approximately 50.8 million metric tons in 2022. GDP composition in China Industry and construction account for slightly less than 40 percent of China's GDP. Some of the major industries include mining and ore processing, food processing, coal, machinery, textiles and apparel, and consumer products. Almost half of China's output is dedicated to investment purposes. However, as the country tends to support gross output, innovation, technological advancement, and even quality are often lacking.

Skechers' stock plummeted over 12% after the company released weaker-than-expected future projections, sparking concerns over its financial stability and exposure to potential US tariffs on Chinese goods.

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Rolling Stock Market Size 2025-2029

The rolling stock market size is forecast to increase by USD 13.53 billion, at a CAGR of 4.4% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is experiencing significant growth, driven by the rise in e-commerce and the increasing adoption of electrification and hybrid solutions in transportation. The e-commerce sector's expansion has led to a rise in demand for efficient and reliable logistics solutions, which rolling stock provides. Moreover, the shift towards sustainable and environmentally friendly transportation is fueling the market's growth, with electrification and hybrid solutions gaining popularity. However, the market faces challenges, including high capital costs in manufacturing. The integration of advanced technologies, such as automation and IoT, into rolling stock production, increases the initial investment required. Companies must navigate these challenges to capitalize on market opportunities and maintain competitiveness. To succeed, they must focus on cost reduction through operational efficiencies, strategic partnerships, and technology innovation. By addressing these challenges, manufacturers can tap into the market's potential and meet the evolving demands of customers.

What will be the size of the Rolling Stock Market during the forecast period?

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The market encompasses the design, manufacturing, maintenance, and operation of vehicles used for transporting passengers and freight on railway networks. This market is driven by various factors, including the demand for efficient and sustainable transportation solutions in the energy sector. With the increasing focus on electricity and reducing carbon emissions, the electrification of railway systems is gaining momentum. Mechanical brakes are being gradually replaced by more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly electric brakes. Additionally, the adoption of hydrogen fuel as a cleaner alternative to traditional diesel engines is a significant trend in the market.
The market is expected to grow steadily due to the increasing demand for greener transportation options and the expansion of railway networks and rail service facilities. Railway telematics, which enable real-time monitoring and optimization of rail travel, are also gaining popularity due to their potential to improve efficiency and reduce costs. Overall, the market is poised for growth as it plays a crucial role in the transition towards more sustainable and efficient energy systems.

How is this Rolling Stock Industry segmented?

The report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Application

  Rail freight
  Rail passenger


Type

  Diesel
  Electric
  Electro-diesel


Product

  Locomotive
  Rapid transit vehicle
  Wagon


Geography

  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan
    South Korea


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    Italy
    The Netherlands
    UK


  North America

    US


  South America



  Middle East and Africa

By Application Insights

The rail freight segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. The rail transportation sector experiences significant demand due to the close correlation with economic activity and the need for efficient freight transport. Industries such as agriculture, mining, energy, and manufacturing rely heavily on rail freight for transporting raw materials and finished products. The expansion and modernization of rail networks, including the construction of new lines and upgrading of existing tracks, necessitate additional rolling stock, including locomotives, freight cars, and maintenance equipment. The types and quantities of commodities transported influence the demand. Furthermore, the shift towards greener transportation and decarbonization initiatives has led to an increased focus on energy-efficient rolling stock, such as electric-based and battery-operated rail vehicles.

Energy conservation technologies, including mechanical brakes, hydrogen fuel, and EV charging infrastructure, are also gaining traction. Urban planners and city infrastructure developers are investing in rapid transit systems, tramways, and high-speed trains to provide affordable and eco-friendly transportation options for commuters. The OEMs and rail operators are responding to these trends by offering energy-efficient rolling stock, onboard Wi-Fi, predictive maintenance, data analytics, sensors and train systems control centers. The metro segment is expected to witness significant growth due to the increasing urbanization and population growth in cities. The rail services facilities market is also expected to grow due to the increasing demand for rail transportation and the need for maintenance and repair services.

In 2024, the Chinese gravel and crushed stone market decreased by -4.8% to $58B, falling for the third consecutive year after three years of growth. In general, consumption, however, saw a relatively flat trend pattern. As a result, consumption attained the peak level of $70.3B. From 2017 to 2024, the growth of the market remained at a lower figure.

Market Overview The China Tourism and Hotel market is projected to grow from a market size of 385.07 million in 2025 to 672.04 million by 2033, exhibiting a CAGR of 5.53% during the forecast period. The market growth is attributed to factors such as rising disposable income, increasing urbanization, and government support for tourism development. Additionally, the growing popularity of online travel agencies and the expansion of the hospitality sector are contributing to market growth. Market Dynamics The major drivers of the China Tourism and Hotel market include the increasing number of middle-class consumers, the development of transportation infrastructure, and the growing popularity of domestic and international travel. Key trends shaping the market include the rise of digital tourism, the emergence of sustainable tourism practices, and the increasing demand for personalized experiences. However, market restraints include geopolitical tensions, economic fluctuations, and the impact of natural disasters. In terms of segmentation, the inbound tourism segment is expected to witness significant growth, while the product segment is dominated by chain hotels. Major players in the market include Trip.com Group Ltd., Shanghai Jin Jiang International Hotels (Group) Co. Ltd., and Huazhu Hotels Group Ltd. The China Tourism and Hotel Market is poised for substantial growth in the coming years. The market is expected to reach USD 1,242.9 billion by 2027, growing at a CAGR of 12.6% from 2022 to 2027. The growth of the market can be attributed to several factors, including the rising disposable income of Chinese consumers, the increasing popularity of domestic travel, and the government's initiatives to promote tourism. Recent developments include: May 2023: IRIS, the provider of digital F&B and guest experience platforms, aimed to increase its market share across China’s growing hospitality market. The company made a new partnership with Asia-based hospitality technology reseller MYM, utilizing IRIS’s Chinese Azure cloud solution., October 2022: Wyndham Hotels and Resorts opened two hotels named Wyndham New Taipei Linkou and Wyndham Sun Moon Lake in partnership with Qingyu Property Co. Ltd and Lijing Enterprise Co. Ltd, respectively. The openings mark the first hotels for each brand in the China-Taiwan region.. Key drivers for this market are: Cultural Heritage and Tourism Attractions Are Driving the Market, Increasing Domestic and International Tourism. Potential restraints include: Language Barrier Is Restraining the Market, Seasonality and Regional Disparities. Notable trends are: Rising Demand for Hotels Is Driving the Growth of the Market.

For the third year in a row, the Chinese date market recorded growth in sales value, which increased by 0.7% to $252M in 2024. The market value increased at an average annual rate of +2.3% over the period from 2012 to 2024; the trend pattern indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded in certain years. Date consumption peaked at $270M in 2018; however, from 2019 to 2024, consumption stood at a somewhat lower figure.

The Chinese market for toilet paper, napkins, towels and tissue stock stood at $45.7B in 2024, flattening at the previous year. In general, consumption recorded a prominent expansion. Toilet, towel and tissue paper consumption peaked at $47.5B in 2022; however, from 2023 to 2024, consumption remained at a lower figure.

The China Data Center Networking Market Report is Segmented by Product (Ethernet Switches, Routers, Storage Area Network (SAN), Application Delivery Controller (ADC), and Other Networking Equipment), Services (Installation & Integration, Training & Consulting, and Support & Maintenance), and End-User (IT & Telecommunication, BFSI, Government, Media & Entertainment, and Other End-Users). The Market Sizes and Forecasts are Provided in Terms of Value (USD) for all the Above Segments.

China Online Travel Booking Market Analysis The China Online Travel Booking Market is predicted to reach a market size of 91.21 million by 2033, expanding at a CAGR of 15.25% from 2025 to 2033. This growth is driven by rising disposable incomes, increased internet penetration, the popularity of mobile devices, and the government's support for tourism development. Key trends include the growing demand for personalized travel experiences, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into travel booking platforms, and the emergence of online travel agents (OTAs). The market is segmented by service type (accommodation, travel tickets, holiday packages, other services), mode of booking (direct, travel agents), and platform (desktop, mobile/tablet). Key companies include LY com, Trip com Group Ltd., Meituan Dianping, eLong, and Airbnb, among others. Direct booking is expected to dominate the market due to increased consumer awareness about travel deals and discounts available online. Mobile/tablet bookings are also gaining popularity due to the convenience and accessibility they offer. Recent developments include: February 2022: CWT launched myCWT, a flagship platform in China aimed at simplifying business travel for companies and employees. CWT is a global B2B4E travel management specialist based in the United States. The myCWT platform offers extensive international and domestic travel content, including rail, flights, hotels, and ground transportation., July 2021: Trip.com, a rapidly growing global online travel agency, announced that it was the first OTA to offer Eurail and Interrail Train Passes, which are available via the Trip.com app. The passes were initially on sale in all English and German language regions and were said to become available across more countries and regions around the world later in the year.. Key drivers for this market are: Internet Penetration is Driving the Market. Potential restraints include: Government Regulations are Restraining the Market. Notable trends are: Increasing Internet Penetration in China is Helping in Market Expansion.

Key information about China Foreign Portfolio Investment

• China Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 23.982 USD bn in Sep 2024, compared with an increase of 36.903 USD bn in the previous quarter.
• China Foreign Portfolio Investment: USD mn data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 1998 to Sep 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 99.446 USD bn in Dec 2020 and a record low of -38.202 USD bn in Sep 2022.

The State Administration of Foreign Exchange provides quarterly Foreign Portfolio Investment in USD.


Related information about China Foreign Portfolio Investment

• In the latest reports of China, Current Account recorded a surplus of 147.580 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) fell by 8.306 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• China Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 34.468 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 4,166.759 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Previous evidence from developed nations has suggested that more trusting individuals are more likely to take financial risks, such as investing in the stock market. Previous studies have found that Chinese citizens have particularly high generalized trust and are more risk-seeking in investment compared with Americans, which makes China an interesting case. The current study examines the relation between generalized trust and stock market participation in China at both a contextual and individual level. Across provinces, a lower level of generalized trust was associated with stock market participation. For example, the stock market participation was four times higher in provinces with the lowest level of perceived fairness than in provinces with the highest level of perceived fairness. The contextual effects of less generalized trust suggest an association between risk-taking behaviors and societal level inequality. At the individual level, trust of strangers was associated with risk preference in highly educated and wealthy people but its effect on risk behaviors was not clear. The findings suggest that trust may affect financial risk-taking behavior at different levels through different pathways, and that cultural differences in understanding of trust also need to be considered.