According to a survey conducted by Ipsos on predictions for global issues in 2020, 30 percent of Chinese believed it that major stock markets might crash in 2020. The results of the survey showed that Chinese were among the most optimistic regarding the stock market in 2020.

China's main stock market index, the SHANGHAI, rose to 3448 points on July 1, 2025, gaining 0.11% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 2.57% and is up 15.06% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from China. China Shanghai Composite Stock Market Index - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

At the end of December 2024, the Shenzhen Component Index value was 10,414.61, an increase of about 1,000 index points from December 2023. The data clearly shows how the value of the index increased before the stock market crash of 2015 and the following sell-off in the following year. In addition to that, the low year-end index value of 2018 was the result of the worst trading year of the decade on Chinese stock exchanges. Together, stocks on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges lost around 24 percent in that year.

Chinese listed companies data, encompasses stock price crash risk variables, audit system change records, and other necessary control variables. Date Submitted: 2023-11-18

Information disclosure is an important way for investors to obtain information, the annual report text carries a lot of information, lazy information disclosure is an important form of information disclosure of the annual report text. This paper takes China’s A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2022 as the research sample, takes the annual report text information disclosure form as the entry point, uses the computer text analysis technology to measure the text similarity of the annual report to measure the lazy information disclosure, and explores its impact on stock price crash risk. The results show that there is a positive correlation between the similarity of annual report text and the risk of stock price crash, that is, when the information of annual report text is presented in the form of lazy information disclosure, the risk of stock price crash increases. For companies audited by key auditing institutions, the positive correlation between the similarity of their annual reports and the risk of stock price crash is not significant, indicating that key auditing institutions will weaken the positive correlation between lazy information disclosure and the risk of stock price crash. Further, through external attention and analysis of the time delay of annual report disclosure, it is concluded that the management lacks the opportunity and time to hide the bad news, so it is clear that the lazy information disclosure comes from the business situation "the fact is so". The research conclusion of this paper provides evidence support for the influence of lazy information disclosure on stock price crash risk, and also provides useful reference for regulators to improve information disclosure policies and effectively prevents and resolves stock price crash risk.

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Automotive Crash Impact Simulator Market Size 2024-2028

The automotive crash impact simulator (ACIS) market size is forecast to increase by USD 741.5 million at a CAGR of 11.63% between 2023 and 2028.

The market is driven by the increasing need for crash and safety testing to ensure vehicle compliance with regulations and consumer safety requirements. A key trend In the market is the utilization of parallelism in virtual crash testing, which allows for more efficient and accurate simulation of crashes. However, the decline in automotive production due to the global semiconductor chip shortage poses a significant challenge to market growth. Road safety concerns, particularly in urban areas, are driving the need for ACIS In the development of shared mobility solutions. These factors, among others, are analyzed in detail In the market trends and analysis report. The report provides insights into the market size, growth potential, and key drivers and challenges shaping the future of the ACIS market.

What will be the Size of the Automotive Crash Impact Simulator (ACIS) Market During the Forecast Period?

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The market is experiencing significant growth due to the increasing prioritization of safety In the automotive industry. Eco-friendly technology incorporation, including the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning, is driving innovation in ACIS solutions. These advanced technologies enable more accurate and efficient simulations, reducing the need for physical crash tests and lowering environmental impact. Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) and suppliers are investing heavily in ACIS to develop and improve safety features, such as adaptive cruise control, lane departure warning, and tire-pressure monitoring systems. Consumer purchasing power and demand for advanced safety technologies continue to fuel market expansion.
Moreover, the motorcycle industry is also adopting ACIS for the development of active safety systems, addressing the unique challenges of two-wheeled vehicles. Supply chain disruptions and increasing competition from emerging markets may pose challenges to the ACIS market. However, the integration of blockchain technology and other advanced safety features, such as human error mitigation and rear-end collision prevention, are expected to mitigate these challenges and further boost market growth. The incorporation of health and wellness features in vehicles, including electric motorcycles, is also contributing to the growth of the ACIS market, as OEMs strive to create safer and more comfortable driving experiences for consumers.

How is this Automotive Crash Impact Simulator (ACIS) Industry segmented and which is the largest segment?

The automotive crash impact simulator (ACIS) industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

Product Type

  Internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle
  Electric vehicle (EV)
  Autonomous vehicles


Deployment

  On-premises
  SaaS-based


Geography

  Europe

    Germany
    UK


  North America

    US


  APAC

    China
    Japan


  South America



  Middle East and Africa

By Product Type Insights

The internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The International Combustion Engine (ICE) vehicle market continues to evolve due to technological advancements driven by emission regulations, fuel efficiency standards, and safety requirements. ICE vehicles account for the largest share of the automotive industry, with 61.6 million passenger cars manufactured worldwide in 2022, according to the Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles (OICA). Asia Pacific is the leading region for passenger car sales and production. Technological innovations include improvements in vehicle operations, such as speedometer, tachometer, fuel gauge, climate control, engine temperature gauge, indicator lights, and convenience features. ICE vehicles in electric vehicles (EVs) are also gaining popularity due to their contribution to cabin comfort and reduced carbon dioxide emissions. The market is expected to grow as consumers prioritize vehicle efficiency, safety, and eco-friendliness.

Get a glance at the Automotive Crash Impact Simulator (ACIS) Industry report of share of various segments Request Free Sample

The internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle segment was valued at USD 270.70 million in 2018 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Regional Analysis

Europe is estimated to contribute 33% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period.

Technavio's analysts have elaborately explained the regional trends and drivers that s

In 2021, the interest income from margin financing and securities lending business of CITIC Securities amounted to around 9.9 billion yuan, ranking first among China's securities companies. After the stock market crash in 2015, China's securities market has been shrinking, demonstrating less trading revenue and lower profit rate. However, Chinese equity market has been gradually picking up since 2019.

In 2021, China's securities company Guotai Junan Securities owned almost 105 billion yuan of net capital, ranking first among securities companies in China. After the stock market crash in 2015, China's securities market has been shrinking, demonstrating less trading revenue and lower profit rate. However, Chinese equity market has been gradually picking up since 2019.

This study uses panel data on Chinese A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen covering 2014 to 2020 selected through the following screening: first, we exclude listed companies in the finance and insurance sectors; second, we exclude listed companies in ST and *ST (Special Treatment); finally, we exclude samples that lack important data. This approach generates 8,658 valid research sample observations. The data are obtained from several official websites, such as those for CSMAR (China Stock Market & Accounting Research Database), CNRDS (Chinese Research Data Services), and the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges.In this study, the descriptive and relevance of the final data was tested using Stata software, and baseline regression, threshold regression, and robustness and heterogeneity tests were performed. The final data were tested for descriptiveness and correlation using Stata software, and baseline regression, threshold regression, and robustness and heterogeneity tests were performed.

Emotions are fundamental elements driving humans’ decision-making and information processing. Fear is one of the most common emotions influencing investors’ behaviors in the stock market. Although many studies have been conducted to explore the impacts of fear on investors’ investment performance and trading behaviors, little is known about factors contributing to and alleviating investors’ fear during the market crash (or extremely volatile periods) and their fear regulation after the crisis. Thus, the current data descriptor provides details of a dataset of 1526 Chinese and Vietnamese investors, a potential resource for researchers to fill in the gap. The dataset was designed and structured based on the information-processing perspective of the Mindsponge Theory and existing evidence in life sciences. The Bayesian Mindsponge Framework (BMF) analytics validated the data. Insights generated from the dataset are expected to help researchers expand the existing literature on behavioral finance and the psychology of fear, improve the investment effectiveness among investors, and inform policymakers on strategies to mitigate the negative impacts of market crashes on the stock market.

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Automotive Crash Test Dummies Market Size 2025-2029

The automotive crash test dummies market size is forecast to increase by USD 17.2 million at a CAGR of 2.9% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is experiencing significant growth due to the increasing emphasis on vehicle safety and stringent regulatory requirements. The market is driven by the rising demand for advanced crash test dummies that accurately simulate human responses during accidents. One of the key trends influencing market growth is the increasing use of moving dummies for pedestrian protection systems. These dummies help simulate the impact on pedestrians during collisions, enabling manufacturers to design vehicles that minimize harm to both occupants and pedestrians. Another trend shaping the market is the increasing popularity of crash test simulators. These simulators allow manufacturers to conduct numerous tests in a controlled environment, reducing the need for physical testing and saving time and resources.
However, the market also faces challenges such as the high cost of developing advanced crash test dummies and the need for continuous research and development to keep up with evolving safety standards. Companies seeking to capitalize on market opportunities and navigate challenges effectively should focus on collaborating with regulatory bodies and investing in research and development to create innovative and cost-effective solutions.

What will be the Size of the Automotive Crash Test Dummies Market during the forecast period?

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The market encompasses safety research and engineering, focusing on enhancing occupant protection and vehicle safety. Key areas of development include small overlap tests, digital twin technology, and lightweight materials. Passive safety is a primary concern, with advancements in composite materials, hybrid III dummies, and injury severity score analysis. Vehicle dynamics and artificial intelligence are also integral, utilizing sensor technology for predictive modeling and machine learning in virtual testing. Additionally, the market explores advanced materials and future mobility concepts, such as accident reconstruction, full-body dummies, and pedestrian dummies.
The integration of active safety and forensic analysis further strengthens the market's significance in the automotive industry. Data analysis plays a crucial role in understanding the impact velocity and vehicle behavior during crashes, ensuring optimal safety standards.

How is this Automotive Crash Test Dummies Industry segmented?

The automotive crash test dummies industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Product

  Male crash test dummy
  Female crash test dummy
  Child crash test dummy


Application

  Passenger vehicle
  Commercial vehicle


Type

  Frontal Impact Testing
  Side Impact Testing
  Rear Impact Testing
  Pedestrian Impact Testing


End-user Industry

  Automotive Manufacturers
  Government & Regulatory Agencies and Research
  Testing Centers


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    Italy
    Spain
    UK


  Middle East and Africa

    UAE


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan
    South Korea


  South America

    Brazil


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Product Insights

The male crash test dummy segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

In the realm of automotive safety, metal additive manufacturing plays a pivotal role in the production of essential components for crash testing. Crash test dummies, a critical element in assessing vehicle safety, have evolved with the help of this technology. Manufacturers like Humanetics utilize metal additive manufacturing to create various male crash test dummies, catering to different body structures, reflecting the increasing global average male weight. These dummies undergo numerous tests, including frontal impact, side-impact, rear-impact, rollover, and pedestrian impact tests. Each dummy serves multiple purposes, necessitating frequent replacement. Government regulations mandate stringent safety standards, driving the demand for advanced safety features.

Research and development in this area is ongoing, with entities such as testing laboratories and computer-aided engineering firms employing finite element analysis and safety testing to optimize designs. Injury criteria, such as the femur injury criterion and chest injury criterion, are essential benchmarks in evaluating the effectiveness of safety features. Autonomous vehicles and advanced driver-assistance systems are transforming the automotive landscape. Metal additive manufacturing contributes to the production of impact sensors and oth

In 2021, China's securities company CITIC Securities generated net profits of around 23 billion yuan, ranking first in China. After the stock market crash in 2015, China's securities market has been shrinking, demonstrating less trading revenue and lower profit rate. However, Chinese equity market has been gradually picking up since 2019.

Vehicle Crash Test Barrier Market Outlook

The global market size of the Vehicle Crash Test Barrier Market is poised for significant growth, with estimates predicting it will rise from USD 1.2 billion in 2023 to USD 2.3 billion by 2032, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.9%. This robust growth is primarily driven by the increasing emphasis on vehicle safety, stringent regulatory standards, and the rising number of vehicular accidents worldwide.

The growth factors for this market are multifaceted. Firstly, the rising consumer awareness regarding vehicle safety has significantly boosted the demand for rigorous crash testing. Consumers are increasingly prioritizing safety ratings when purchasing vehicles, which compels manufacturers to invest heavily in advanced crash testing technologies. Furthermore, governmental regulations and safety standards are becoming more stringent globally, necessitating comprehensive vehicle testing to ensure compliance. This regulatory pressure is a significant driver for the market.

Another significant growth factor is the ongoing advancements in automotive technology. The rise of electric and autonomous vehicles requires new and more sophisticated crash testing methodologies. These advancements are not only pushing the boundaries of current testing protocols but also necessitating the development of new types of test barriers that can accurately simulate real-world crash scenarios. Additionally, the increasing complexity of modern vehicles, with advanced materials and construction techniques, requires more diversified testing approaches.

Moreover, the increasing number of road accidents globally has put a spotlight on the need for improved vehicle safety. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 1.35 million people die each year as a result of road traffic crashes. This alarming statistic has prompted regulatory bodies and vehicle manufacturers to invest more in crash testing to enhance vehicle safety features. The development of new crash test barriers that can better simulate a variety of collision scenarios is crucial for this purpose.

Geographically, North America and Europe have traditionally been at the forefront of vehicle safety standards, driven by stringent regulations and a high level of consumer awareness. However, emerging markets in Asia Pacific and Latin America are rapidly catching up due to increasing vehicle sales and the adoption of international safety standards. Asia Pacific, in particular, is expected to witness substantial growth, driven by countries like China and India, where vehicular growth is at an all-time high.

In the context of enhancing vehicle safety, the role of Road Crash Attenuator Sales has become increasingly significant. These devices are designed to absorb the impact energy during a collision, thereby reducing the severity of crashes. The growing emphasis on road safety and the implementation of advanced safety measures have led to a surge in the demand for crash attenuators. These systems are particularly crucial in high-risk areas such as highways and urban intersections, where the likelihood of accidents is higher. As governments and regulatory bodies worldwide strive to improve road safety standards, the market for road crash attenuators is expected to witness substantial growth. Manufacturers are focusing on developing innovative solutions that not only enhance safety but also offer cost-effectiveness and ease of installation.

Type Analysis

The Vehicle Crash Test Barrier Market can be segmented by type into rigid barriers, semi-rigid barriers, and flexible barriers. Rigid barriers are typically used in frontal crash tests. These barriers are designed to simulate a solid object, such as a wall or another vehicle, and are crucial for determining the impact resistance of a vehicleÂ’s structure. The demand for rigid barriers is driven by stringent regulatory requirements and the need for precise testing methodologies that can accurately replicate real-world crash scenarios.

Semi-rigid barriers, on the other hand, offer a combination of flexibility and rigidity. They are used in crash tests to simulate impacts with objects such as guardrails or median barriers. These barriers are essential for evaluating the performance of vehicles in off-center impacts and sideswipe collisions. The increasing focus on enhancing side-impact protection in vehicles has significantly boosted the demand for

In 2021, China's securities company CITIC Securities generated over 41 billion yuan in its operating income, ranking first among all securities companies in China. After the stock market crash in 2015, China's securities market has been shrinking, demonstrating less trading revenue and lower profit rate. However, Chinese equity market has been gradually picking up since 2019.

This paper focuses on firms in which insiders pledge their shares as collateral for loans. By investigating a natural experiment—China’s enactment of provisions on share reductions that restrict pledge creditors’ cashing-out behavior—we find that pledging firms exhibited more conservative financial reporting after the implementation than non-pledging firms. This effect was pronounced in firms with a higher ratio of pledged shares, a longer maturation period of the pledged shares, and more concentrated pledge creditors. Additionally, we show that pledging firms increased their accounting conservatism after the shock, leading to a lower risk of margin calls and stock price crashes. The effect on accounting conservatism was stronger in firms with controlling pledgers or when the pledge creditors were banks. Our results remained consistent after we performed several robustness tests. These behaviors are economically logical because the provisions heighten creditors’ liquidity risk and the potential losses of loan default. Pledging shareholders embrace more accounting conservatism to mitigate creditors’ concerns about agency costs and avoid triggering margin calls. Our findings provide direct support that creditors have a real demand for accounting conservatism and highlight the impact of shareholder-creditor conflicts on the financial reporting policies of pledging firms.

The global two-wheeler crash guard market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing concerns about rider safety and the rising popularity of motorcycles and scooters worldwide. The market, valued at approximately $1.5 billion in 2025, is projected to exhibit a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 7% from 2025 to 2033, reaching an estimated market size of $2.7 billion by 2033. This growth is fueled by several key factors, including stringent government regulations mandating safety features in two-wheelers, particularly in emerging economies like India and Southeast Asia. Furthermore, the increasing affordability of motorcycles and scooters, coupled with a growing middle class in these regions, is significantly boosting demand. The aftermarket segment is a substantial contributor, driven by consumer preference for customization and enhanced safety features beyond those offered by original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). The front crash guard segment currently dominates the market, owing to its greater visibility and perceived effectiveness in protecting the rider and the vehicle's front end in collisions. While the market faces certain restraints, such as price sensitivity in certain regions and the potential for reduced demand in mature markets experiencing slower economic growth, the overall positive trajectory is expected to continue. The growing adoption of advanced crash guard designs incorporating lightweight materials and improved aesthetics is further fueling market expansion. Geographical expansion into untapped markets in Africa and Latin America represents significant growth opportunities for manufacturers. Key players in the market are focusing on innovation, strategic partnerships, and geographic diversification to maintain a competitive edge and capitalize on these growth prospects. The increasing adoption of electric two-wheelers also presents a significant opportunity for manufacturers to adapt their crash guard designs and materials to suit the specific needs of these vehicles.

In 2021, China's securities company China Merchants Securities generated around 949.2 million yuan from its investment advisory business, ranking first among all securities companies in China. After the stock market crash in 2015, China's securities market has been shrinking, demonstrating less trading revenue and lower profit rate. However, Chinese equity market has been gradually picking up since 2019.

In 2021, China's securities company Orient Securities generated an income of around 3.5 billion yuan from its asset management business. After the stock market crash in 2015, China's securities market has been shrinking, demonstrating less trading revenue and lower profit rate. However, Chinese equity market has been gradually picking up since 2019.

In 2021, China's securities company CITIC Securities managed client monies amounting to around 143 billion yuan, ranking first among all securities companies in China. After the stock market crash in 2015, China's securities market has been shrinking, demonstrating less trading revenue and lower profit rate. However, Chinese equity market has been gradually picking up since 2019.

In 2021, China's securities company CITIC Securities generated an income of around 764 million yuan from its financial advisory business. After the stock market crash in 2015, China's securities market has been shrinking, demonstrating less trading revenue and lower profit rate. However. Chinese equity market has been gradually picking up since 2019.