According to a survey conducted by Ipsos on predictions for global issues in 2020, 30 percent of Chinese believed it that major stock markets might crash in 2020. The results of the survey showed that Chinese were among the most optimistic regarding the stock market in 2020.

The main stock market index in China (SHANGHAI) increased 22 points or 0.66% since the beginning of 2025, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from China. China Shanghai Composite Stock Market Index - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on March of 2025.

At the end of December 2024, the Shenzhen Component Index value was 10,414.61, an increase of about 1,000 index points from December 2023. The data clearly shows how the value of the index increased before the stock market crash of 2015 and the following sell-off in the following year. In addition to that, the low year-end index value of 2018 was the result of the worst trading year of the decade on Chinese stock exchanges. Together, stocks on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges lost around 24 percent in that year.

The main stock market index in Hong Kong (HK50) increased 3587 points or 17.88% since the beginning of 2025, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Hong Kong. Hong Kong Stock Market Index (HK50) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on March of 2025.

Prices for China Stock Market Index (CH50) including live quotes, historical charts and news. China Stock Market Index (CH50) was last updated by Trading Economics this March 27 of 2025.

According to a poll from IPSOS, 42 percent of respondents worldwide said that they think it is unlikely that major stock markets will crash in 2022. Overall, 56 percent of Malaysian respondents said that they believed a major stock market crash was likely, compared to 25 percent of Chinese respondents who said the same.

In 2023, the total market capitalization of China’s stock market totaled 77.3 trillion yuan. The highest annual turnover in the country’s history, 91.6 trillion yuan, was registered in 2021. In the same year, the trade revenue reached 258 trillion yuan. The development of domestic financial markets was a key objective of the Chinese government. Stock markets in mainland China Mainland China has two major stock exchanges. One is the Shanghai Stock Exchange that consists of the Main-Board mMarket and the Star mMarket. The companies listed on the Main-Board were mature and established in their industries, whereas the Star mMarket targets innovative startups. The other big stock exchange was the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. It was separated into three boards, the Main-Board, the SME-Board, and ChiNext mMarket. Facilitating innovation One crucial aspect of the financial market development strategy in China was the fostering of innovation. The country had the problem that upcoming, domestic tech-companies preferred to list on stock markets overseas. Therefore, both major bourses established boards that had more lenient listing requirements. For instance, it would allow startups that had not yet turned a profit to gain access to the financial market. These boards were the ChiNext board in Shenzhen and the Star Market in Shanghai.

Information disclosure is an important way for investors to obtain information, the annual report text carries a lot of information, lazy information disclosure is an important form of information disclosure of the annual report text. This paper takes China’s A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2022 as the research sample, takes the annual report text information disclosure form as the entry point, uses the computer text analysis technology to measure the text similarity of the annual report to measure the lazy information disclosure, and explores its impact on stock price crash risk. The results show that there is a positive correlation between the similarity of annual report text and the risk of stock price crash, that is, when the information of annual report text is presented in the form of lazy information disclosure, the risk of stock price crash increases. For companies audited by key auditing institutions, the positive correlation between the similarity of their annual reports and the risk of stock price crash is not significant, indicating that key auditing institutions will weaken the positive correlation between lazy information disclosure and the risk of stock price crash. Further, through external attention and analysis of the time delay of annual report disclosure, it is concluded that the management lacks the opportunity and time to hide the bad news, so it is clear that the lazy information disclosure comes from the business situation "the fact is so". The research conclusion of this paper provides evidence support for the influence of lazy information disclosure on stock price crash risk, and also provides useful reference for regulators to improve information disclosure policies and effectively prevents and resolves stock price crash risk.

This data package includes the underlying data and files to replicate the calculations, charts, and tables presented in Is China's Property Market Heading toward Collapse?, PIIE Policy Brief 14-21. If you use the data, please cite as: Liu, Li-Gang. (2014). Is China's Property Market Heading toward Collapse?. PIIE Policy Brief 14-21. Peterson Institute for International Economics.

In 2024, the Chinese gravel and crushed stone market decreased by -4.8% to $58B, falling for the third consecutive year after three years of growth. In general, consumption, however, saw a relatively flat trend pattern. As a result, consumption attained the peak level of $70.3B. From 2017 to 2024, the growth of the market remained at a lower figure.

As of January 2025, the SSE Composite Index had closed at 3,250.6 points. The index reflects the performance of all stocks traded on the Shanghai Stock Exchange, including both boards, the main board, and the Star market. SSE still number one In the greater Chinese region, the stock exchange in Shanghai was the largest, beating the bourses in Shenzhen, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. In 2023, the Shanghai Stock Exchange recorded a market capitalization of over 6.5 trillion. Not only market capitalization was a unique attribute, but the Shanghai Stock Exchange was also home to the most valuable stock in mainland China, which was the baijiu producer Moutai Kweichow. Limited access Despite its size, the exchange in Shanghai only grants limited access to overseas investors. The bourse listed A-shares and B-shares. While A-shares are denominated in yuan and almost exclusively available for domestic traders, the prices of B-shares are in U.S. dollars and available for overseas investors as well. In addition, the bourse offers access to foreign investors through a trading accreditation which is supervised by the Chinese authorities. However, these tight controls are the reason why Hong Kong, despite its lower relative market capitalization, remains an important gateway to capital for mainland Chinese companies.

This paper focuses on firms in which insiders pledge their shares as collateral for loans. By investigating a natural experiment—China’s enactment of provisions on share reductions that restrict pledge creditors’ cashing-out behavior—we find that pledging firms exhibited more conservative financial reporting after the implementation than non-pledging firms. This effect was pronounced in firms with a higher ratio of pledged shares, a longer maturation period of the pledged shares, and more concentrated pledge creditors. Additionally, we show that pledging firms increased their accounting conservatism after the shock, leading to a lower risk of margin calls and stock price crashes. The effect on accounting conservatism was stronger in firms with controlling pledgers or when the pledge creditors were banks. Our results remained consistent after we performed several robustness tests. These behaviors are economically logical because the provisions heighten creditors’ liquidity risk and the potential losses of loan default. Pledging shareholders embrace more accounting conservatism to mitigate creditors’ concerns about agency costs and avoid triggering margin calls. Our findings provide direct support that creditors have a real demand for accounting conservatism and highlight the impact of shareholder-creditor conflicts on the financial reporting policies of pledging firms.

Key information about China P/E ratio

• China Shanghai Stock Exchange recorded a daily P/E ratio of 14.340 on 26 Mar 2025, compared with 14.320 from the previous day.
• China Shanghai Stock Exchange P/E ratio is updated daily, with historical data available from Apr 2001 to Mar 2025.
• The P/E ratio reached an all-time high of 27.970 in Apr 2010 and a record low of 9.590 in May 2014.
• Shanghai Stock Exchange provides daily P/E Ratio.

China Warehouse Stock: Shanghai Future Exchange: Rubber data was reported at 199,340.000 Ton in 24 Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 198,940.000 Ton for 21 Mar 2025. China Warehouse Stock: Shanghai Future Exchange: Rubber data is updated daily, averaging 181,810.000 Ton from Oct 2008 (Median) to 24 Mar 2025, with 4002 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 521,850.000 Ton in 10 Oct 2018 and a record low of 2,880.000 Ton in 01 Jun 2011. China Warehouse Stock: Shanghai Future Exchange: Rubber data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Shanghai Futures Exchange. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZB: Shanghai Futures Exchange: Commodity Futures: Stock.

In 2021, China's securities company Guotai Junan Securities owned almost 105 billion yuan of net capital, ranking first among securities companies in China. After the stock market crash in 2015, China's securities market has been shrinking, demonstrating less trading revenue and lower profit rate. However, Chinese equity market has been gradually picking up since 2019.

The frozen fish market in China is expected to experience continued growth over the next decade, driven by increasing demand. Market performance is projected to slow down slightly, with a forecasted CAGR of +1.4% from 2024 to 2035. By the end of 2035, the market volume is expected to reach 18M tons, with a value of $51.8B.

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Automotive Crash Test Dummies Market Size 2025-2029

The automotive crash test dummies market size is forecast to increase by USD 17.2 million at a CAGR of 2.9% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is experiencing significant growth due to the increasing emphasis on vehicle safety and stringent regulations. One of the key trends driving market growth is the rising demand for moving dummies used in pedestrian protection systems. Additionally, the popularity of crash test simulators is increasing, allowing for more accurate and efficient testing. With the evolving designs of vehicles, including autonomous vehicles and electric vehicles (EVs), enhanced safety standards are becoming increasingly important to address the unique risks associated with these new technologies. 
These advancements enable automakers to develop safer vehicles, thereby catering to the evolving consumer preference for enhanced safety features. Furthermore, the need for crash and safety testing is becoming increasingly crucial, as governments and regulatory bodies continue to implement stricter safety standards. Overall, the market is poised for strong growth In the coming years.

What will be the Size of the Automotive Crash Test Dummies Market During the Forecast Period?

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The automotive industry's relentless pursuit of enhancing vehicle safety has led to the development and refinement of advanced safety systems. Central to this endeavor are human surrogate models, commonly known as crash test dummies. These life-sized figurines play a crucial role in assessing injury risk during vehicle impacts, ensuring the structural integrity of automobiles, and validating the effectiveness of safety features such as crumple zones, airbags, and seat belts. Crash test dummies also referred to as anthropomorphic models, are designed to replicate the human body's anatomy and physiology.
These models are meticulously engineered to simulate the biomechanical response of the human body during various crash scenarios. By subjecting these dummies to controlled vehicle impacts, engineers can evaluate the performance of vehicle safety systems under diverse conditions. The importance of crash test dummies extends beyond the automotive sector. Injury risk assessment in aerospace occupant protection and pedestrian safety testing also relies on these human surrogate models. The data obtained from crashworthiness testing provides invaluable insights into the effectiveness of safety features and helps manufacturers optimize their designs to minimize injury risk. Crash test dummies are integral components of safety testing procedures. They are equipped with sensors, including accelerometers, to measure the forces experienced during collisions.

How is this Automotive Crash Test Dummies Industry segmented and which is the largest segment?

The industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Product

  Male crash test dummy
  Female crash test dummy
  Child crash test dummy


Application

  Passenger vehicle
  Commercial vehicle


Type

  Frontal Impact Testing
  Side Impact Testing
  Rear Impact Testing
  Pedestrian Impact Testing


End-user Industry

  Automotive Manufacturers
  Government & Regulatory Agencies and Research
  Testing Centers


Geography

  Europe

    France
    Germany
    Italy
    UK


  North America

    US
    Canada


  APAC

    China
    Hong Kong
    India
    Japan


  South America



  Middle East and Africa

By Product Insights

The male crash test dummy segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. Crash testing In the automotive industry has been influenced by military vehicle and aerospace occupant protection research. Initially, standard crash test dummies were modeled after male physiques. However, due to the rising average male weight globally, manufacturers like Humanetics have responded by creating diverse male crash test dummies with varying body structures. These dummies are essential for various crash tests, including frontal, side-impact, rear-impact, rollover, and pedestrian impact tests. Each dummy can be utilized in multiple crash tests. Given their frequent usage in various tests, the demand for replacing male crash test dummies is higher than other types.

Crumple zones, airbags, seat belts, and sensors are integral components of these dummies, ensuring structural integrity during testing. Pedestrian safety testing is another critical application of crash test dummies, which helps assess the safety of vehicles for vulnerable road users.

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The male crash test dummy segment was valued at USD 78.30 million in 2019 and

The revenue of the packaging materials market in China amounted to $69B in 2018, going down by -6.1% against the...

In China Car Finance Market there are about ~ players operating in the overall market, and top players accounted ~% share in the market in terms of revenue. China Car Finance market is fragmented in nature. The major parameters on which these players complete includes loan tenure, rate of interest, ease of loan procurement and affordable down payments. Key major players include are Huishang Bank, Bank of Xi'an, Caixa bank, Bank of Jilin, Chery HuiYin Motor Finance Service, Dongfeng Nissan Finance Co etc. Competitive Landscape By Category of Vehicles:With changing passenger vehicle landscape in China, the banks are set to finance the hybrid and electric vehicles in order to take the country towards green economy. Considering these factors and developments, demand for passenger sales financing is expected to witness high growth rate during the forecast period. By Ownership of Vehicles:In China, changing consumer preferences and ease of owning a car at a much more affordable price have provided significant traction to the market. China is a booming economy; people have good purchasing power. Vehicle financing helps younger generation to own a personal vehicle at the much-lowered price at affordable EMI installments. Key Trends by Market Segment: Banks lag further behind in dealer satisfaction: In the retail credit segment, captive finance companies continue to lead in dealer satisfaction and leasing companies are catching up quickly, while the performance of banks decreases.

In 2021, the interest income from margin financing and securities lending business of CITIC Securities amounted to around 9.9 billion yuan, ranking first among China's securities companies. After the stock market crash in 2015, China's securities market has been shrinking, demonstrating less trading revenue and lower profit rate. However, Chinese equity market has been gradually picking up since 2019.