As of December 2024, Japan held United States treasury securities totaling about 1.06 trillion U.S. dollars. Foreign holders of United States treasury debt According to the Federal Reserve and U.S. Department of the Treasury, foreign countries held a total of 8.5 trillion U.S. dollars in U.S. treasury securities as of December 2024. Of the total held by foreign countries, Japan and Mainland China held the greatest portions, with China holding 759 billion U.S. dollars in U.S. securities. The U.S. public debt In 2023, the United States had a total public national debt of 33.2 trillion U.S. dollars, an amount that has been rising steadily, particularly since 2008. In 2023, the total interest expense on debt held by the public of the United States reached 678 billion U.S. dollars, while 197 billion U.S. dollars in interest expense were intra governmental debt holdings. Total outlays of the U.S. government were 6.1 trillion U.S. dollars in 2023. By 2029, spending is projected to reach 8.3 trillion U.S. dollars.

United States Treasury Securities: Foreign Holder: China data was reported at 1,138.900 USD bn in Oct 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1,151.400 USD bn for Sep 2018. United States Treasury Securities: Foreign Holder: China data is updated monthly, averaging 872.600 USD bn from Mar 2000 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 224 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,316.700 USD bn in Nov 2013 and a record low of 58.900 USD bn in Nov 2000. United States Treasury Securities: Foreign Holder: China data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Department of Treasury. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.Z050: Major Foreign Holders of US Treasury Securities.

In 2023, China held **** percent of foreign held U.S. securities. Japan held a further **** percent of foreign held securities. The national debt of the United Stated can be found here.

The yield on China 10Y Bond Yield held steady at 1.83% on December 2, 2025. Over the past month, the yield has edged up by 0.07 points, though it remains 0.16 points lower than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. China 10-Year Government Bond Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Interest Rates: 3-Month or 90-Day Rates and Yields: Treasury Securities: Total for China (IR3TTS01CNM156N) from Jun 1997 to Nov 2023 about 3-month, China, Treasury, yield, securities, interest rate, interest, and rate.

The value of U.S. Treasury securities held by residents of Russia amounted to ** million U.S. dollars in March 2025, marking a stark contrast to ***** billion U.S. dollars held in January 2020. The lowest over the period under consideration was recorded in November 2023 at ** million U.S. dollars. Furthermore, in March 2020, the figure plummeted to **** billion U.S. dollars, down from **** billion U.S. dollars one month prior. Russia’s holdings of U.S. treasury securities have decreased since 2014 following the Western sanctions over the annexation of Crimea and have further dropped in 2022 after more restrictions were imposed over the war in Ukraine. What are U.S. treasury holdings? U.S. treasury holdings are government debt instruments that contribute to the funding of various government projects in the country. The U.S. Department of Treasury allows individuals and organizations to invest in treasury notes, bills, and bonds, which are the main three types of securities. Just under half of the outstanding ** trillion U.S. dollars as of May 2024 were in the form of treasury notes. The notes have varying maturities and coupon payment frequencies, which are different from the maturity periods of treasury bills and bonds. Main foreign holders of U.S. treasury securities Foreign holdings of U.S. treasury debt amounted to ***** trillion U.S. dollars as of January 2024. Japan and China held the largest portions, with China possessing ***** billion U.S. dollars in U.S. securities. Additionally, other significant foreign holders included oil exporting countries and Caribbean banking centers.

The outstanding value of China's general government debt securities has shown an upward trend from 2000 to the third quarter of 2024, rising from *** billion U.S. dollars to over ** trillion U.S. dollars. The largest increase occurred between 2019 and 2020, when it went from *** trillion to *** trillion U.S. dollars.

China Bond Yield: Treasury Bond: 3 Month data was reported at 1.450 % pa in 02 Dec 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.450 % pa for 01 Dec 2025. China Bond Yield: Treasury Bond: 3 Month data is updated daily, averaging 1.910 % pa from Mar 2006 (Median) to 02 Dec 2025, with 4943 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.113 % pa in 21 Jun 2013 and a record low of 0.782 % pa in 25 Dec 2024. China Bond Yield: Treasury Bond: 3 Month data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by China Central Depository & Clearing Co., Ltd. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MF: PBC & CCDC: Treasury Bond and Other Bond Yield: Daily. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

China Treasury Bond Yield: Interbank: Yield to Maturity: 8 year data was reported at 1.777 % pa in Nov 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.717 % pa for Oct 2025. China Treasury Bond Yield: Interbank: Yield to Maturity: 8 year data is updated monthly, averaging 3.235 % pa from Jul 2008 (Median) to Nov 2025, with 209 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.590 % pa in Dec 2013 and a record low of 1.575 % pa in Jan 2025. China Treasury Bond Yield: Interbank: Yield to Maturity: 8 year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Interbank Funding Center. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MF: NIFC: Treasury Bond Yield: Yield to Maturity.

Graph and download economic data for Federal Debt Held by Foreign and International Investors (FDHBFIN) from Q1 1970 to Q2 2025 about foreign, debt, federal, and USA.

The yield on China 30 Year Bond Yield rose to 2.09% on November 17, 2025, marking a 0.01 percentage points increase from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has fallen by 0.15 points and is 0.22 points lower than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for China 30Y.

The major foreign holders of U.S. Treasury securities are typically countries and entities that invest heavily in U.S. government debt. As of the latest data, here are some of the top foreign holders:

Japan: Historically, Japan has been the largest holder of U.S. Treasury securities. China: China is another major holder, though its holdings have fluctuated due to various economic and political factors. United Kingdom: The UK is a significant investor in U.S. Treasuries, often ranked among the top holders. Ireland: Ireland holds a substantial amount of U.S. Treasury securities. Luxembourg: Luxembourg is also a notable holder of U.S. Treasuries. Switzerland: Swiss investments in U.S. Treasury securities are considerable. Brazil: Brazil is one of the largest holders in Latin America. Belgium: Belgium, often through its financial institutions, holds a significant amount. Taiwan: Taiwan's central bank and other financial institutions invest heavily in U.S. Treasuries. Hong Kong: Hong Kong maintains substantial holdings in U.S. Treasuries. These rankings can change frequently based on economic conditions, currency reserves, and geopolitical factors. For the most up-to-date information, refer to the U.S. Department of the Treasury's "Major Foreign Holders of Treasury Securities" report.

The yield on China 20 Year Bond Yield eased to 2.16% on November 20, 2025, marking a 0.02 percentage points decrease from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has fallen by 0.03 points and is 0.16 points lower than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for China 20Y.

China Bond Yield: Treasury Bond: 6 Month data was reported at 1.424 % pa in 03 Dec 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.434 % pa for 02 Dec 2025. China Bond Yield: Treasury Bond: 6 Month data is updated daily, averaging 2.583 % pa from Mar 2006 (Median) to 03 Dec 2025, with 4944 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.374 % pa in 25 Jun 2013 and a record low of 0.930 % pa in 24 Dec 2024. China Bond Yield: Treasury Bond: 6 Month data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by China Central Depository & Clearing Co., Ltd. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MF: PBC & CCDC: Treasury Bond and Other Bond Yield: Daily.

Government bond spreads as of April 15, 2025, varied widely among the largest economies when compared to German Bunds and U.S. Treasury notes. The United Kingdom's bond spread was the higest against both, with ***** basis points (bps) over Germany and **** bps over the U.S. In contrast, China and Japan display negative spreads, with Japan having the lowest spread at ****** bps against U.S. Treasuries. Italy, the United Kingdom, and Canada showed moderate spreads. Positive bond spreads indicate that a country’s government bonds have higher yields compared to the benchmark bonds - in this case, the German Bunds and U.S. Treasury notes. Higher spreads often signal perceived higher risk or economic uncertainty, as investors demand greater returns for holding these bonds. expectations. Conversely, negative spreads mean that these bonds offer lower yields than the benchmark. Negative spreads often indicate strong investor confidence, safe-haven status, or lower inflation expectations, as investors are willing to accept lower returns for the perceived stability of these bonds.

Data about influencing factors of China’s holdings of U.S. Treasury securities

China recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 88.30 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides - China Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

View monthly updates and historical trends for US Liabilities to China, Taiwan: Short-term US Treasury Obligations. from United States. Source: Department…

In June 2025, the average yield on ten-year government bonds in the United States was **** percent. This was the ******* of the selected developed economies considered in this statistic. Bonds and yields – additional information The bond yield indicates the level of return that the investor can expect from a given type of bond. The government of Italy, for instance, offered the investors **** percent yield on ten-year government bonds for borrowing their money in June 2025. In the United States, government needs are also financed by selling various debt instruments such as Treasury bills, notes, bonds and savings bonds to investors. The largest holders of U.S. debt are the Federal Reserve and Government accounts in the United States. The major foreign holders of the United States treasury securities are Japan, Mainland China, and the United Kingdom.

China Bond Issuance: Year to Date: Treasury Bond data was reported at 9,758,000.000 RMB mn in Sep 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 5,816,800.000 RMB mn for Jun 2024. China Bond Issuance: Year to Date: Treasury Bond data is updated quarterly, averaging 1,574,400.000 RMB mn from Dec 2005 (Median) to Sep 2024, with 73 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11,095,600.000 RMB mn in Dec 2023 and a record low of 111,900.000 RMB mn in Mar 2009. China Bond Issuance: Year to Date: Treasury Bond data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZD: PBC, NDRC, CSRC, CCDC: Bond Issued.