In 2021, the number of Chinese workers in Algeria was the highest compared to other countries in Africa. The North African country registered around 10,000 Chinese employees, followed by the Democratic Republic of Congo and Nigeria with approximately 8,700 and 8,300 workers, respectively. On the other hand, countries such as Libya and Somalia reported very low counts of the Chinese labor force. Overall, near 94,000 people of Chinese nationality worked under contracted projects and in labor services in the African region in 2021.

As of 2019, Africa was home to around 68.3 thousand people migrating from China. This constituted the peak of Chinese migrant stock registered since 2000 and represented a rise compared to 2015, when Chinese migrants in the continent added up to approximately 61.8 thousand. Southern Africa registered the highest number of migrants originating from China, with close to 28 thousand people.

Over 60 percent of the African population surveyed considered China a positive influence on their countries between 2019 and 2021. During the period the survey was conducted, six out of every 10 African citizens saw the Chinese economic and political influence on their own countries as somewhat positive or very positive, against 14 percent that evaluated it as negative.

Among countries with the highest number of overseas Chinese on each continent, the largest Chinese diaspora community is living in Indonesia, numbering more than ten million people. Most of these people are descendants from migrants born in China, who have moved to Indonesia a long time ago. On the contrary, a large part of overseas Chinese living in Canada and Australia have arrived in these countries only during the last two decades. China as an emigration country Many Chinese people have emigrated from their home country in search of better living conditions and educational chances. The increasing number of Chinese emigrants has benefited from loosened migration policies. On the one hand, the attitude of the Chinese government towards emigration has changed significantly. Overseas Chinese are considered to be strong supporters for the overall strength of Chinese culture and international influence. On the other hand, migration policies in the United States and Canada are changing with time, expanding migration opportunities for non-European immigrants. As a result, China has become one of the world’s largest emigration countries as well as the country with the highest outflows of high net worth individuals. However, the mass emigration is causing a severe loss of homegrown talents and assets. The problem of talent and wealth outflow has raised pressing questions to the Chinese government, and a solution to this issue is yet to be determined. Popular destinations among Chinese emigrants Over the last decades, English speaking developed countries have been popular destinations for Chinese emigrants. In 2022 alone, the number of people from China naturalized as U.S. citizens had amounted to over 27,000 people, while nearly 68,000 had obtained legal permanent resident status as “green card” recipients. Among other popular immigration destinations for Chinese riches are Canada, Australia, Europe, and Singapore.

Hong Kong HK: Refugee Population: by Country or Territory of Origin data was reported at 6.000 Person in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 12.000 Person for 2016. Hong Kong HK: Refugee Population: by Country or Territory of Origin data is updated yearly, averaging 13.000 Person from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2017, with 25 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 261.000 Person in 1994 and a record low of 2.000 Person in 1993. Hong Kong HK: Refugee Population: by Country or Territory of Origin data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Hong Kong SAR – Table HK.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Refugees are people who are recognized as refugees under the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees or its 1967 Protocol, the 1969 Organization of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, people recognized as refugees in accordance with the UNHCR statute, people granted refugee-like humanitarian status, and people provided temporary protection. Asylum seekers--people who have applied for asylum or refugee status and who have not yet received a decision or who are registered as asylum seekers--are excluded. Palestinian refugees are people (and their descendants) whose residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948 and who lost their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict. Country of origin generally refers to the nationality or country of citizenship of a claimant.; ; United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Statistics Database, Statistical Yearbook and data files, complemented by statistics on Palestinian refugees under the mandate of the UNRWA as published on its website. Data from UNHCR are available online at: www.unhcr.org/en-us/figures-at-a-glance.html.; Sum;

This is the raw data for the manuscript titled "Can Chinese Aid Win the Hearts and Minds of Africa’s Local Population?". This study shows that the presence of Chinese aid projects induces a positive view of Chinese aid within the local population. More specifically, although people from all statuses can benefit from Chinese economic infrastructure projects, the advantaged tend to have a better view of Chinese aid. By contrast, social infrastructure aid inspires a more positive view among economically and politically disadvantaged people and those less educated.

Nigeria has the largest population in Africa. As of 2025, the country counted over 237.5 million individuals, whereas Ethiopia, which ranked second, has around 135.5 million inhabitants. Egypt registered the largest population in North Africa, reaching nearly 118.4 million people. In terms of inhabitants per square kilometer, Nigeria only ranked seventh, while Mauritius had the highest population density on the whole African continent in 2023. The fastest-growing world region Africa is the second most populous continent in the world, after Asia. Nevertheless, Africa records the highest growth rate worldwide, with figures rising by over two percent every year. In some countries, such as Niger, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Chad, the population increase peaks at over three percent. With so many births, Africa is also the youngest continent in the world. However, this coincides with a low life expectancy. African cities on the rise The last decades have seen high urbanization rates in Asia, mainly in China and India. However, African cities are currently growing at larger rates. Indeed, most of the fastest-growing cities in the world are located in Sub-Saharan Africa. Gwagwalada, in Nigeria, and Kabinda, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, ranked first worldwide. By 2035, instead, Africa's fastest-growing cities are forecast to be Bujumbura, in Burundi, and Zinder, Nigeria.

This statistic shows the estimated Asian immigrant population of South Africa in 2015, by country of origin. In 2015, there were 25,180 Chinese immigrants in South Africa.

This map contains estimates for total population by country from 1950 to 2015. Symbology changes slightly when zoomed in to individual continents (1:50,000,000). Source: United Nations Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision, File POP/1-1.Estimates are in thousands. Other fields in the Country Population Estimates layer include: Major Region (e.g. Africa), Minor Region (e.g. Eastern Africa), and UN Documentation Notes. The UN Documentation Notes field corresponds to the following notes:(1) Including Agalega, Rodrigues and Saint Brandon.(2) Including Zanzibar.(3) Including Ascension and Tristan da Cunha.(4) For statistical purposes, the data for China do not include Hong Kong and Macao, Special Administrative Regions (SAR) of China, and Taiwan Province of China.(5) As of 1 July 1997, Hong Kong became a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China.(6) As of 20 December 1999, Macao became a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China.(7) The regions Southern Asia and Central Asia are combined into South-Central Asia.(8) Including Sabah and Sarawak.(9) Including Nagorno-Karabakh.(10) Refers to the whole country(11) Including Abkhazia and South Ossetia.(12) Including East Jerusalem.(13) Including Transnistria.(14) Including Crimea(15) Refers to Guernsey, and Jersey.(16) Including Åland Islands.(17) Including Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands.(18) Refers to the Vatican City State.(19) Including Kosovo.(20) Including Canary Islands, Ceuta and Melilla.(21) The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.(22) Refers to Bonaire, Saba and Sint Eustatius.(23) Including Saint-Barthélemy and Saint-Martin (French part).(24) Including Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Norfolk Island.(25) Including Pitcairn.

BackgroundPatient trust in physicians is a critical determinant of health seeking behaviors, medication adherence, and health outcomes. A crisis of interpersonal trust exists in China, extending throughout multiple social spheres, including the healthcare system. At the same time, with increased migration from Africa to China in the last two decades, Chinese physicians must establish mutual trust with an increasingly diverse patient population. We undertook a qualitative study to identify factors affecting African migrants’ trust in Chinese physicians and to identify potential mechanisms for promoting trust.Methods / Principal FindingsWe conducted semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 40 African migrants in Guangzhou, China. A modified version of the social ecological model was used as a theoretical framework. At the patient-physician level, interpersonal treatment, technical competence, perceived commitment and motive, and language concordance were associated with enhanced trust. At the health system level, two primary factors influenced African migrants’ trust in their physicians: the fee-for-service payment system and lack of continuity with any one physician. Patients’ social networks and the broader socio-cultural context of interactions between African migrants and Chinese locals also influenced patients’ trust of their physicians.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate the importance of factors beyond the immediate patient-physician interaction and suggest opportunities to promote trust through health system interventions.

Chinese Restaurant Franchising Market Outlook

The global market size for Chinese restaurant franchising was valued at approximately USD 14.8 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 23.1 billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 4.8% during the forecast period. The growth of this market is primarily driven by increasing consumer preferences for diverse culinary experiences and the rising disposable incomes across various regions.

One of the primary growth factors for the Chinese restaurant franchising market is the increasing globalization and cross-cultural interactions, which have significantly boosted the popularity of Chinese cuisine worldwide. The unique flavors, diverse menu options, and relatively healthy ingredients compared to other fast food options make Chinese cuisine a preferred choice for many consumers. Additionally, the rise of food delivery services and online food ordering platforms has made it easier for consumers to access their favorite Chinese dishes, further propelling the market growth.

Another significant factor contributing to the market's expansion is the growing trend of dining out among younger generations. Millennials and Gen Z consumers are known for their inclination towards trying new and exotic foods, which includes Chinese cuisine. The social aspect of dining out, coupled with the appeal of beautifully themed Chinese restaurant interiors, creates a compelling dining experience that attracts a broad customer base. Moreover, strategic marketing and promotional activities by franchise owners play a crucial role in drawing in new customers and retaining existing ones.

The adoption of modern technology and innovation in the food and beverage industry is also a notable growth driver. Chinese restaurant franchises are increasingly integrating advanced technologies such as AI-powered kitchen equipment, automated ordering systems, and efficient supply chain management tools. These technological advancements not only enhance operational efficiency but also improve customer satisfaction through faster service and enhanced food quality. Furthermore, innovative menu engineering and the introduction of healthier, organic, and vegan options cater to the evolving dietary preferences of consumers.

From a regional perspective, Asia Pacific remains the dominant market for Chinese restaurant franchising, owing to the region's rich cultural heritage and the widespread popularity of Chinese cuisine. North America and Europe are also significant markets due to the high demand for Chinese food in these regions, driven by a diverse population and increasing number of Chinese immigrants. The Middle East & Africa and Latin America are emerging markets with substantial growth potential, as the appetite for Chinese cuisine continues to grow in these regions.

Restaurant Type Analysis

The restaurant type segment of the Chinese restaurant franchising market is diverse, encompassing full-service restaurants, quick service restaurants (QSRs), casual dining, and fine dining establishments. Full-service restaurants often offer an extensive menu with a variety of Chinese dishes, providing a complete dining experience that includes table service and an inviting ambiance. These establishments tend to cater to families and larger groups who prefer a relaxed dining environment where they can enjoy authentic Chinese cuisine. The growth of full-service Chinese restaurants is fueled by the increasing demand for experiential dining and the rising trend of family gatherings and celebrations at restaurants.

Quick service restaurants (QSRs) are another vital segment, characterized by their fast-paced service and affordable menu options. QSRs typically focus on high-volume sales and rapid turnover, making them a popular choice among busy professionals, students, and individuals seeking a quick and convenient meal. The expansion of QSRs in the Chinese restaurant franchising market is driven by the growing urbanization, hectic lifestyles, and the rising number of dual-income households, all of which contribute to the demand for fast and accessible dining options.

Casual dining restaurants strike a balance between full-service and quick service establishments, offering a more relaxed atmosphere than QSRs while maintaining a quicker service speed than full-service restaurants. This segment appeals to a wide demographic, including young adults, families, and working professionals who seek a comfortable yet casual dining experience. The growth in the casual dining segment can be attributed to the increasing consumer preference

As of 2019, Southern Africa was home to around 49 thousand Chinese migrants, the highest amount among all African regions. Eastern and Northern Africa registered approximately four thousand and 3.6 thousand migrants originating from China, respectively. Overall, as of the same year, more than 39 thousand Chinese migrated to the Africa region.

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Ornamental Fish Market Size 2024-2028

The ornamental fish market size is estimated to grow by USD 4.5 billion at a CAGR of 8.33% between 2023 and 2028. Ornamental fish-keeping has gained significant popularity as a hobby due to the tranquility and aesthetic value it brings to homes and public spaces. The availability of a diverse range of ornamental fish varieties, each with unique colors, patterns, and behaviors, adds to the hobby's allure. These fish species not only serve as decorative elements but also hold cultural significance in various communities around the world. For instance, in Chinese culture, Koi fish symbolize prosperity and good fortune, while Angelfish are revered in South America for their association with ancient mythology. As a result, ornamental fish-keeping not only offers an enjoyable pastime but also fosters an appreciation for aquatic biodiversity and cultural traditions.

What will be the Size of the Market During the Forecast Period?

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Market Dynamic and Customer Landscape

Ornamental fish market is a thriving industry that caters to the growing demand for decorative aquatic species as pets. With the increasing popularity among Millennials and Gen-Z population, the market is witnessing significant growth. Ornamental fish come in various species such as Tetras, Guppies, Mollies, Betta, and many more. These fish are not just pets but also offer psychological advantages, acting as stress reducers and providing home comfort. Aquarium types range from simple tanks to high-tech, automated systems, making them suitable for different interior decors and luxury lifestyles. Decorative aquarium fish like Siamese Fighting Fish, Guppy, Cory Catfish, and Zebra Danio are popular choices. Temperate and marine species like Triggerfish and Groupers are also gaining popularity among hobbyists. Cross breeding has led to the creation of unique and beautiful fish varieties. Pet webcams allow fish owners to monitor their pets from anywhere, adding to the convenience and enjoyment. Ornamental fish are not just pets but also serve as aesthetics, adding charm to homes and offices. The market is expected to continue its growth trajectory due to the increasing demand for these beautiful creatures. Our researchers analyzed the data with 2023 as the base year, along with the key drivers, trends, and challenges. A holistic analysis of drivers will help companies refine their marketing strategies to gain a competitive advantage.

Key Market Driver

The increasing interest in keeping ornamental fish is notably driving market growth. Ornamental fish have gained significant popularity among various demographics, particularly Millennials and Gen-Z population. These vibrant aquatic creatures offer numerous benefits, extending from psychological advantages to home comfort and stress reduction. Alzheimer's patients, for instance, have shown improvement in memory and cognitive function through interaction with pet webcams featuring Tetras, Guppies, Mollies, Betta, Goldfish, and other ornamental species. Reef aquariums and fish-only aquariums have become a luxury lifestyle choice for many, with high-quality aquarium equipment and eco-friendly practices increasingly accessible through online retailers and e-commerce platforms. Exotic aqua species, such as tropical freshwater Tetras, Guppies, and Mollies, add aesthetic value to interior decors, particularly in high-rise apartments. Cross breeding and sustainable aquaculture practices have led to the emergence of exotic ornamental fish species, catering to the growing hobbyist community. The ease of care and low-maintenance nature of these pets make them an ideal choice for those seeking companionship and stress relief without the commitment of traditional pets. Aquarium enthusiasts appreciate the diverse range of colours and the calming influence of their aquatic companions. Responsible breeding and certification programs ensure the ethical sourcing and sustainable practices of ornamental fish, making them a desirable and responsible pet ownership option. Overall, ornamental fish provide a unique blend of aesthetics, home comfort, and psychological benefits, making them a worthwhile investment for individuals seeking to enhance their living spaces and improve their wellbeing. Thus, such factors are driving the growth of the market during the forecast period.

Significant Market Trends

The growing trend of aqua-scaping is the key trend in the market. Ornamental fish have gained significant popularity among various demographics, particularly Millennials and Gen-Z population. The use of pet webcams allows Alzheimer's patients to engage with their aquatic pets, providing psychological advantages such as stress reduction and home comfort. Tetras, Guppies, Mollies, Betta, Goldfish, and various marine ornamental fish are popular choices for both fish-only aquariums and re

In 2022, India overtook China as the world's most populous country and now has almost 1.46 billion people. China now has the second-largest population in the world, still with just over 1.4 billion inhabitants, however, its population went into decline in 2023. Global population As of 2025, the world's population stands at almost 8.2 billion people and is expected to reach around 10.3 billion people in the 2080s, when it will then go into decline. Due to improved healthcare, sanitation, and general living conditions, the global population continues to increase; mortality rates (particularly among infants and children) are decreasing and the median age of the world population has steadily increased for decades. As for the average life expectancy in industrial and developing countries, the gap has narrowed significantly since the mid-20th century. Asia is the most populous continent on Earth; 11 of the 20 largest countries are located there. It leads the ranking of the global population by continent by far, reporting four times as many inhabitants as Africa. The Demographic Transition The population explosion over the past two centuries is part of a phenomenon known as the demographic transition. Simply put, this transition results from a drastic reduction in mortality, which then leads to a reduction in fertility, and increase in life expectancy; this interim period where death rates are low and birth rates are high is where this population explosion occurs, and population growth can remain high as the population ages. In today's most-developed countries, the transition generally began with industrialization in the 1800s, and growth has now stabilized as birth and mortality rates have re-balanced. Across less-developed countries, the stage of this transition varies; for example, China is at a later stage than India, which accounts for the change in which country is more populous - understanding the demographic transition can help understand the reason why China's population is now going into decline. The least-developed region is Sub-Saharan Africa, where fertility rates remain close to pre-industrial levels in some countries. As these countries transition, they will undergo significant rates of population growth

HLA Class II Haplotype Frequency Distributions (for 99% haplotypes per population) and HLA Class II Simulated Populations (Genotype level information for sample sizes of 1000, 5000, 10000 simulated individuals) for 4 broad and 21 detailed US population groups.

Broad population groups: African Americans (AFA), Asian and Pacific Islanders (API), Caucasians (CAU), Hispanics (HIS).

Detailed population groups: African American (AAFA), African (AFB), South Asian Indian (AINDI), American Indian - South or Central American (AISC), Alaska native of Aleut (ALANAM), North American Indian (AMIND), Caribbean Black (CARB), Caribbean Hispanic (CARHIS), Caribbean Indian (CARIBI), European Caucasian (EURCAU), Filipino (FILII), Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander (HAWI), Japanese (JAPI), Korean (KORI), Middle Eastern or North Coast of Africa (MENAFC), Mexican or Chicano (MSWHIS), Chinese (NCHI), Hispanic - South or Central American (SCAHIS), Black - South or Central American (SCAMB), Southeast Asian (SCSEAI), Vietnamese (VIET).

South Africa is the southernmost country in Africa. It covers an area of 1,221,037 square kilometres (471,445 square miles). South Africa has three capital cities: executive Pretoria, judicial Bloemfontein and legislative Cape Town. The largest city is Johannesburg. About 80% of South Africans are of Black African ancestry, divided among a variety of ethnic groups speaking different African languages. The remaining population consists of Africa's largest communities of European (White South Africans), Asian (Indian South Africans and Chinese South Africans), and Multiracial (Coloured South Africans) ancestry.

Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab

From now until 2100, India and China will remain the most populous countries in the world, however China's population decline has already started, and it is on course to fall by around 50 percent in the 2090s; while India's population decline is projected to begin in the 2060s. Of the 10 most populous countries in the world in 2100, five will be located in Asia, four in Africa, as well as the United States. Rapid growth in Africa Rapid population growth across Africa will see the continent's population grow from around 1.5 billion people in 2024 to 3.8 billion in 2100. Additionally, unlike China or India, population growth in many of these countries is not expected to go into decline, and instead is expected to continue well into the 2100s. Previous estimates had projected these countries' populations would be much higher by 2100 (the 2019 report estimated Nigeria's population would exceed 650 million), yet the increased threat of the climate crisis and persistent instability is delaying demographic development and extending population growth. The U.S. as an outlier Compared to the nine other largest populations in 2100, the United States stands out as it is more demographically advanced, politically stable, and economically stronger. However, while most other so-called "advanced countries" are projected to see their population decline drastically in the coming decades, the U.S. population is projected to continue growing into the 2100s. This will largely be driven by high rates of immigration into the U.S., which will drive growth despite fertility rates being around 1.6 births per woman (below the replacement level of 2.1 births per woman), and the slowing rate of life expectancy. Current projections estimate the U.S. will have a net migration rate over 1.2 million people per year for the remainder of the century.

Descriptive analysis of association between sociodemographic characteristics and psychological state on the Africans In Africa group.

Stata code for "Diabetes and all-cause mortality among middle-aged and older adults in China, England, Mexico, rural South Africa, and the United States: A population-based study of longitudinal aging cohorts"

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Urban Planning Software Market Size 2024-2028

The Urban Planning Software Market size is estimated to grow by USD 4.05 billion at a CAGR of 7.81% between 2023 and 2028. Infrastructure development is a priority area for many governments and organizations worldwide, driven by increasing investments and a growing focus on building smart cities. This trend is fueled by several factors, including the expanding middle-class population and the need for efficient, modern infrastructure to support economic growth and improve quality of life. Infrastructure projects encompass various sectors, such as transportation, energy, water supply, and telecommunications, and require significant capital investment and advanced technology. As a result, the infrastructure industry is poised for continued growth and innovation, offering opportunities for businesses and investors alike.

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Market Dynamics

The market is witnessing significant growth due to the increasing number of non-residential construction projects and infrastructure development activities in response to the growing urban population. City planners are leveraging technology to efficiently manage and design urban spaces. The market is segmented into components, which include software and services, and segments, such as the cloud-based segment and web-based segment. Government bodies are also investing in urban planning software to optimize budgets and implement smart city technologies. Emerging countries are leveraging technology advancements and cloud software to enhance construction processes and infrastructure development, with a focus on designing residential buildings, roads, bridges, and rail systems, supported by skilled professionals and real estate companies, while government agencies and service companies implement training programs and resource management solutions to optimize engineering and architectural plans. The latest trends include the integration of 5G technology and data centers to enhance the functionality and efficiency of these tools. Open-source software is gaining popularity due to its cost-effectiveness and flexibility. The United Nations (UN) has emphasized the importance of urban planning to address the challenges of urbanization and sustainability. Urban planning software plays a crucial role in this regard, enabling city planners to create harmonious and livable urban spaces. The market is expected to continue its growth trajectory in the coming years, driven by the increasing demand for efficient and technologically advanced urban planning solutions.

Key Market Driver

One of the key factors driving the market growth is the growing middle-class population. The increasing middle-class population in developing countries in APAC, South America, and MEA is expected to significantly contribute to the market growth. In addition, there is an increase in per capita income due to the rapidly increasing economic activities in developing economies such as China, India, Argentina, Indonesia, and South Africa.

Moreover, the rise in the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in these countries is also fuelling the rise in the disposable income of the population. In addition, a majority of the population is opting for long-term investment opportunities due to factors such as rapid industrial, manufacturing, and economic developments in these countries, fuelled by urbanization. As a result, there is an increasing adoption of software for different real-estate projects. Hence, such factors are positively impacting the market which, in turn, will drive the growth during the forecast period.

Significant Market Trend

A key factor shaping the market growth is the use of blockchain technology in software. There is a rapid advancement in technologies that can resolve the challenges associated with the openness of data and procedures in the market. The advent of blockchain technology enables transparency at all levels of activity in urban planning making it effective.

Moreover, the main advantage of using blockchain in urban planning is that there is a reduction in fraud and transaction duplication as every record is encrypted. Furthermore, the implementation of blockchain offers smooth and quick transactions by doing away with the necessity for a middleman. Hence, such factors are positively impacting the market trends which in turn will drive the market growth during the forecast period.

Major Market Challenge

The threat of open-source urban planning software is one of the key challenges hindering growth. There is a growing popularity for open-source software which poses a significant threat to the market. There is an increasing preference for open-source software as it is widely available on the Internet and can be downloaded easily.

Moreover, open-source software