The main stock market index in China (SHANGHAI) increased 22 points or 0.66% since the beginning of 2025, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from China. China Shanghai Composite Stock Market Index - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on March of 2025.

Prices for China Stock Market Index (CH50) including live quotes, historical charts and news. China Stock Market Index (CH50) was last updated by Trading Economics this March 27 of 2025.

Prices for Shanghai Stock Exchange Composite Index including live quotes, historical charts and news. Shanghai Stock Exchange Composite Index was last updated by Trading Economics this March 26 of 2025.

In 2024, stock markets in the United States accounted for roughly 60 percent of world stocks. The next largest country by stock market share was Japan, followed by the United Kingdom. The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the NASDAQ are the largest stock exchange operators worldwide. What is a stock exchange? The first modern publicly traded company was the Dutch East Industry Company, which sold shares to the general public to fund expeditions to Asia. Since then, groups of companies have formed exchanges in which brokers and dealers can come together and make transactions in one space. Stock market indices group companies trading on a given exchange, giving an idea of how they evolve in real time. Appeal of stock ownership Over half of adults in the United States are investing money in the stock market. Stocks are an attractive investment because the possible return is higher than offered by other financial instruments.

China Shenzhen-HK Stock Connect: Northbound Trading: HKEx: Daily Quota Usage Rate data was reported at 0.000 % in 16 Aug 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 7.800 % for 15 Aug 2024. China Shenzhen-HK Stock Connect: Northbound Trading: HKEx: Daily Quota Usage Rate data is updated daily, averaging 2.850 % from Dec 2016 (Median) to 16 Aug 2024, with 1788 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 25.400 % in 18 Apr 2018 and a record low of 0.000 % in 16 Aug 2024. China Shenzhen-HK Stock Connect: Northbound Trading: HKEx: Daily Quota Usage Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited (HKEx). The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZA: Shenzhen-Hong Kong SAR (China) Stock Connect: Quota and Usage Rate: Daily. Real-time available daily quota balance will be shown when it falls below 30%; otherwise indicated as “Available”. Real-time buy, sell and total turnover will not be available; historical daily/ monthly total market turnover, number of trades, ETF turnover, and turnover of the top 10 most actively traded stocks will be shown.

China Shenzhen-HK Stock Connect: Northbound Trading: HKEx: Turnover Value: Buy data was reported at 20,561.170 RMB mn in 16 Aug 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 25,317.270 RMB mn for 15 Aug 2024. China Shenzhen-HK Stock Connect: Northbound Trading: HKEx: Turnover Value: Buy data is updated daily, averaging 22,538.290 RMB mn from Dec 2016 (Median) to 16 Aug 2024, with 1788 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 51,088.390 RMB mn in 07 Jul 2020 and a record low of 497.810 RMB mn in 29 Dec 2016. China Shenzhen-HK Stock Connect: Northbound Trading: HKEx: Turnover Value: Buy data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited (HKEx). The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZA: Shenzhen-Hong Kong SAR (China) Stock Connect: Turnover Value and Number of Trades: Daily. Real-time available daily quota balance will be shown when it falls below 30%; otherwise indicated as “Available”. Real-time buy, sell and total turnover will not be available; historical daily/ monthly total market turnover, number of trades, ETF turnover, and turnover of the top 10 most actively traded stocks will be shown.

The main stock market index in Hong Kong (HK50) increased 3587 points or 17.88% since the beginning of 2025, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Hong Kong. Hong Kong Stock Market Index (HK50) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on March of 2025.

China Shanghai-HK Stock Connect: Northbound Trading: HKEx: Daily Quota Balance data was reported at 53,786.230 RMB mn in 16 Aug 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 42,370.380 RMB mn for 15 Aug 2024. China Shanghai-HK Stock Connect: Northbound Trading: HKEx: Daily Quota Balance data is updated daily, averaging 48,663.955 RMB mn from Nov 2014 (Median) to 16 Aug 2024, with 2264 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 63,559.880 RMB mn in 24 Oct 2022 and a record low of 0.000 RMB mn in 17 Nov 2014. China Shanghai-HK Stock Connect: Northbound Trading: HKEx: Daily Quota Balance data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited (HKEx). The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZA: Shanghai-Hong Kong SAR (China) Stock Connect: Quota and Usage Rate: Daily. Real-time available daily quota balance will be shown when it falls below 30%; otherwise indicated as “Available”. Real-time buy, sell and total turnover will not be available; historical daily/ monthly total market turnover, number of trades, ETF turnover, and turnover of the top 10 most actively traded stocks will be shown.

Bank Of China stock price, live market quote, shares value, historical data, intraday chart, earnings per share and news.

China Market Cap: Shanghai SE: Real Estate data was reported at 634,442.000 RMB mn in Feb 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 604,391.000 RMB mn for Jan 2025. China Market Cap: Shanghai SE: Real Estate data is updated monthly, averaging 498,324.500 RMB mn from Apr 2001 (Median) to Feb 2025, with 286 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,535,433.000 RMB mn in Dec 2015 and a record low of 43,491.060 RMB mn in Jul 2005. China Market Cap: Shanghai SE: Real Estate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Shanghai Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZA: Shanghai Stock Exchange: Market Capitalization.

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Rolling Stock Market Size 2025-2029

The rolling stock market size is forecast to increase by USD 13.53 billion, at a CAGR of 4.4% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is experiencing significant growth, driven by the rise in e-commerce and the increasing adoption of electrification and hybrid solutions in transportation. The e-commerce sector's expansion has led to a rise in demand for efficient and reliable logistics solutions, which rolling stock provides. Moreover, the shift towards sustainable and environmentally friendly transportation is fueling the market's growth, with electrification and hybrid solutions gaining popularity. However, the market faces challenges, including high capital costs in manufacturing. The integration of advanced technologies, such as automation and IoT, into rolling stock production, increases the initial investment required. Companies must navigate these challenges to capitalize on market opportunities and maintain competitiveness. To succeed, they must focus on cost reduction through operational efficiencies, strategic partnerships, and technology innovation. By addressing these challenges, manufacturers can tap into the market's potential and meet the evolving demands of customers.

What will be the size of the Rolling Stock Market during the forecast period?

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The market encompasses the design, manufacturing, maintenance, and operation of vehicles used for transporting passengers and freight on railway networks. This market is driven by various factors, including the demand for efficient and sustainable transportation solutions in the energy sector. With the increasing focus on electricity and reducing carbon emissions, the electrification of railway systems is gaining momentum. Mechanical brakes are being gradually replaced by more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly electric brakes. Additionally, the adoption of hydrogen fuel as a cleaner alternative to traditional diesel engines is a significant trend in the market.
The market is expected to grow steadily due to the increasing demand for greener transportation options and the expansion of railway networks and rail service facilities. Railway telematics, which enable real-time monitoring and optimization of rail travel, are also gaining popularity due to their potential to improve efficiency and reduce costs. Overall, the market is poised for growth as it plays a crucial role in the transition towards more sustainable and efficient energy systems.

How is this Rolling Stock Industry segmented?

The report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Application

  Rail freight
  Rail passenger


Type

  Diesel
  Electric
  Electro-diesel


Product

  Locomotive
  Rapid transit vehicle
  Wagon


Geography

  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan
    South Korea


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    Italy
    The Netherlands
    UK


  North America

    US


  South America



  Middle East and Africa

By Application Insights

The rail freight segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. The rail transportation sector experiences significant demand due to the close correlation with economic activity and the need for efficient freight transport. Industries such as agriculture, mining, energy, and manufacturing rely heavily on rail freight for transporting raw materials and finished products. The expansion and modernization of rail networks, including the construction of new lines and upgrading of existing tracks, necessitate additional rolling stock, including locomotives, freight cars, and maintenance equipment. The types and quantities of commodities transported influence the demand. Furthermore, the shift towards greener transportation and decarbonization initiatives has led to an increased focus on energy-efficient rolling stock, such as electric-based and battery-operated rail vehicles.

Energy conservation technologies, including mechanical brakes, hydrogen fuel, and EV charging infrastructure, are also gaining traction. Urban planners and city infrastructure developers are investing in rapid transit systems, tramways, and high-speed trains to provide affordable and eco-friendly transportation options for commuters. The OEMs and rail operators are responding to these trends by offering energy-efficient rolling stock, onboard Wi-Fi, predictive maintenance, data analytics, sensors and train systems control centers. The metro segment is expected to witness significant growth due to the increasing urbanization and population growth in cities. The rail services facilities market is also expected to grow due to the increasing demand for rail transportation and the need for maintenance and repair services.

China Number of Listed Securities: Shanghai SE: Real Estate data was reported at 55.000 Unit in Feb 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 55.000 Unit for Jan 2025. China Number of Listed Securities: Shanghai SE: Real Estate data is updated monthly, averaging 62.000 Unit from Apr 2001 (Median) to Feb 2025, with 286 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 80.000 Unit in Apr 2016 and a record low of 19.000 Unit in Aug 2001. China Number of Listed Securities: Shanghai SE: Real Estate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Shanghai Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZA: Shanghai Stock Exchange: No of Listed Companies and Securities.

China Railway Cons stock price, live market quote, shares value, historical data, intraday chart, earnings per share and news.

China Unicom stock price, live market quote, shares value, historical data, intraday chart, earnings per share and news.

China Coal stock price, live market quote, shares value, historical data, intraday chart, earnings per share and news.

China Gold Intl Res stock price, live market quote, shares value, historical data, intraday chart, earnings per share and news.

Long term historical dataset of the daily U.S. Dollar - Chinese Yuan (USDCNY) exchange rate back to 1981.

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Foreign Exchange Market Size 2025-2029

The foreign exchange market size is forecast to increase by USD 582 billion at a CAGR of 10.6% between 2024 and 2029.

The market continues to evolve, driven by several key trends and challenges. One significant trend is the increasing use of money transfer agencies, venture capital investments, and mutual funds in foreign exchange transactions. The Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) revolutionize banking and financial services, enabling real-time personal finance software and content delivery for travelers and businesses. The uncertainty of future exchange rates fuels the demand for 24x7 trading opportunities. As urbanization progresses and digitalization becomes more prevalent, the market is expected to grow, offering numerous opportunities for businesses and investors.

What will be the Size of the Foreign Exchange Market During the Forecast Period?

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The market, also known as the forex or FX market, is a decentralized global market for the trading of currencies. It facilitates the conversion of one currency into another for various reasons, including international trade, tourism, hedging, speculation, and investment. Participants in this market include financial institutions, non-financial customers, individuals, retailers, corporate institutes, and central banks. Currencies are traded 24 hours a day, five days a week, due to the presence of multiple time zones and the interbank network.
Currency swaps, interest rate differentials, monetary interventions, economic indicators, political developments, and investment flows are some of the key drivers influencing the market. International trade, balance of payments, and economic instability in various countries also significantly impact currency values. Speculation and hedging activities, particularly by corporations and financial institutions, contribute to the volatility of currency rates. The market is increasingly leveraging artificial intelligence and Internet of Things technologies to optimize trading strategies, with mutual funds utilizing these advancements to enhance portfolio performance and manage currency risk more efficiently. The forex market plays a crucial role in facilitating international business transactions and managing risks associated with currency fluctuations.

How is this Foreign Exchange Industry segmented and which is the largest segment?

The industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.TypeReporting dealersFinancial institutionsNon-financial customersTrade Finance InstrumentsCurrency swapsOutright forward and FX swapsFX optionsCounterpartyReporting DealersOther Financial InstitutionsNon-Financial CustomersGeographyNorth AmericaCanadaUSEuropeGermanyUKAPACChinaIndiaJapanSouth AmericaBrazilMiddle East and Africa

By Type Insights

The reporting dealers segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. The market, also known as Forex or FX, is a global financial market where participants buy, sell, and exchange currencies. This market involves various market participants, including financial institutions, non-financial customers, and corporations. Currency swaps, individuals, retailers, corporates, hedge funds, wealth managers, and foreign exchange services are among the key players. The markets facilitate international trade and investment flows, with economic indicators, political developments, inflationary pressures, and interest rate differentials influencing currency values. Monetary interventions, speculation, and risk appetite are also significant factors.
Modern technology and electronic platforms have increased efficiency and accessibility, enabling 24-hour operation. Currency exchange services, monetary policies, and regulations, including those by central banks, impact the market. Economic events, financial crises, and strategic corporate activities can cause volatility. Hedging strategies, accessible platforms, and personal finance considerations are essential for individual investors, small businesses, and multinational corporations dealing with major currency pairs. Online trading platforms and trade balances are crucial for managing currency risks in an increasingly globalized business environment.

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The Reporting dealers segment was valued at USD 278.60 billion in 2019 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Currency pairs are the foundation of forex trading, with spot trading being one of the most common methods of buying and selling currencies. Forward contracts and swap deals offer traders the ability to lock in exchange rates for future transactions, managing ris

China Market Cap: Shanghai SE: Tradable: Real Estate data was reported at 616,841.000 RMB mn in Feb 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 586,901.000 RMB mn for Jan 2025. China Market Cap: Shanghai SE: Tradable: Real Estate data is updated monthly, averaging 455,632.000 RMB mn from Apr 2001 (Median) to Feb 2025, with 286 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,244,953.000 RMB mn in May 2015 and a record low of 16,311.506 RMB mn in Jul 2005. China Market Cap: Shanghai SE: Tradable: Real Estate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Shanghai Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZA: Shanghai Stock Exchange: Market Capitalization.

China Share Issued: Shanghai SE: Tradable: Real Estate data was reported at 111,837.000 Share mn in Dec 2024. This stayed constant from the previous number of 111,837.000 Share mn for Nov 2024. China Share Issued: Shanghai SE: Tradable: Real Estate data is updated monthly, averaging 72,226.000 Share mn from Apr 2001 (Median) to Dec 2024, with 284 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 131,593.000 Share mn in Jun 2019 and a record low of 2,712.458 Share mn in May 2001. China Share Issued: Shanghai SE: Tradable: Real Estate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Shanghai Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZA: Shanghai Stock Exchange: Share Issued.