This dataset contains year-wise data of Cost Inflation Index (CII). The CII number is used to arrive at the inflation-adjusted cost price of assets transferred for computing long-term capital gains.

During the financial year 2023, the cost inflation index (CII) in India stood at 348. This was an increase from the previous year's figure of 331. The CII is used to compute an asset's inflation-adjusted cost price. It is used to assess the inflation value of assets like land, houses, jewelry etc.

Patterns of biodiversity, such as the increase toward the tropics and the peaked curve during ecological succession, are fundamental phenomena for ecology. Such patterns have multiple, interacting causes, but temperature emerges as a dominant factor across organisms from microbes to trees and mammals, and across terrestrial, marine, and freshwater environments. However, there is little consensus on the underlying mechanisms, even as global temperatures increase and the need to predict their effects becomes more pressing. The purpose of this project is to generate and test theory for how temperature impacts biodiversity through its effect on biochemical processes and metabolic rate. A combination of standardized surveys in the field and controlled experiments in the field and laboratory measure diversity of three taxa -- trees, invertebrates, and microbes -- and key biogeochemical processes of decomposition in seven forests distributed along a geographic gradient of increasing temperature from cold temperate to warm tropical. This dataset was based on trees contained in five Gentry plots set up at Harvard Forest by the Enquist Lab (PI, Brian Enquist) from the University of Arizona as part of a macrosystems biodiversity and latitude project supported by the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement DEB#1065836. The CII stands for Crown Illumination Index, which is a ranked measure of how closed or open a canopy is. It was developed by Clark and Clark (1992), and focuses on the extent to which the crown of any sized tree receives overhead vertical light (directly above) and lateral light coming from the sides. For instance, a '5' corresponds to an exposed tree, a '1' to a completely shaded tree. Trees were classified by CII at Harvard Forest LTER by John Grady of the University of New Mexico.

Aerial photographs are retrievable on a frame by frame basis. The aerial photo inventory contains imagery from various sources that are now archived at the Earth Data Analysis Center.

*Wilcoxon signed-rank test;†Wilcoxon signed-rank test pair-wise comparison: Year 1 vs Baseline;§Wilcoxon signed-rank test pair-wise comparison: Year 2 vs Baseline;θWilcoxon signed-rank test pair-wise comparison: Year 1 vs Year 2.

From 2015 to the first quarter of 2024, the construction output prices of public and private housing increased by 46 percent in the United Kingdom (UK). Meanwhile, the prices of industrial buildings increased by 41 percent, and infrastructure prices by 37 percent. Housing and industrial are the segments that increased the most during that period. Balfour Beatty ranked in the past years as the construction firm with the largest revenue in the UK.

Construction Output Price Indices (OPIs) from January 2014 to December 2024, UK. Summary.

The statistic shows the inflation rate in India from December 2022 to December 2024. The term inflation means the devaluation of money caused by a permanent increase of the price level for products (consumer goods, investment goods). The Consumer Price Index shows the price development for private expenses and shows the current level of inflation when increasing. In December 2024, the inflation rate in India was at about 3.53 percent compared to the same month of the previous year.

Consumer Price Index CPI in Pakistan decreased to 263.95 points in February from 266.17 points in January of 2025. This dataset provides - Pakistan Consumer Price Index (CPI) - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Abbreviations: ARR = Annualized Relapse Rate; EDSS = Expanded Disability Status Scale; BDI = Beck Depression Inventory.

The construction output price in the United Kingdom has reached an annual growth rate of two percent in September 2024. Construction costs have been increasing at a lower rate than in 2022 and 2023. The year-over-year growth rate reached over 10 percent in May and June of 2022. Public and private housing was the construction segment with the highest output price increase. How have material costs developed over the years? Several factors influence construction material costs, including supply and demand, regulatory requirements, and transportation logistics. Manufacturing efficiency and global trade policies also play a big part, along with economic factors like inflation and currency fluctuations. In June 2022, the price of construction materials for new houses in the UK were 53 percent higher than in 2015. What is the largest component of those costs? Labor costs are often one of the largest expenses in construction projects. That is due to the skilled nature of the work, which has a high demand for specialized trades. The construction sector's labor costs accounted for around 58 percent of the sector's earnings in the United Kingdom in 2023. In the past years, the size of labor costs as a share of the construction sector rose by more than three percentage points, indicating that labor costs have increased at a faster rate than the overall revenue of the industry.

In 2021, the inflation rate of the cost of steel products in Australia was 30.8 percent. This was the highest inflation rate of all construction materials in the country. On the other hand, construction materials like timber and metal products saw a inflation of 18.4 percent and 13.2 percent, respectively.