The inflation rate for clothing and footwear in the United Kingdom was *** percent in the third quarter of 2025, which was below the overall inflation rate for that quarter.

This statistic shows the Consumer Price Index (CPI) of clothing in the United Kingdom (UK) as an annual average from 2008 to 2023, where 2015 is the base year. In 2023, the price index value of clothing was measured at 118.8 a large jump from the previous year.

Presents experimental price indices that are constructed from web scraped clothing data. These are early analysis using experimental techniques to help us develop our statistical methodology and are not comparable with headline estimates of inflation. We would strongly caution against their use in economic modelling and analysis.

The UK inflation rate was 3.8 percent in September 2025, unchanged from the previous two months, and the fastest rate of inflation since January 2024. Between September 2022 and March 2023, the UK experienced seven months of double-digit inflation, which peaked at 11.1 percent in October 2022. Due to this long period of high inflation, UK consumer prices have increased by over 20 percent in the last three years. As of the most recent month, prices were rising fastest in the education sector, at 7.5 percent, with prices increasing at the slowest rate in the clothing and footwear sector. The Cost of Living Crisis High inflation is one of the main factors behind the ongoing Cost of Living Crisis in the UK, which, despite subsiding somewhat in 2024, is still impacting households going into 2025. In December 2024, for example, 56 percent of UK households reported their cost of living was increasing compared with the previous month, up from 45 percent in July, but far lower than at the height of the crisis in 2022. After global energy prices spiraled that year, the UK's energy price cap increased substantially. The cap, which limits what suppliers can charge consumers, reached 3,549 British pounds per year in October 2022, compared with 1,277 pounds a year earlier. Along with soaring food costs, high-energy bills have hit UK households hard, especially lower income ones that spend more of their earnings on housing costs. As a result of these factors, UK households experienced their biggest fall in living standards in decades in 2022/23. Global inflation crisis causes rapid surge in prices The UK's high inflation, and cost of living crisis in 2022 had its origins in the COVID-19 pandemic. Following the initial waves of the virus, global supply chains struggled to meet the renewed demand for goods and services. Food and energy prices, which were already high, increased further in 2022. Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 brought an end to the era of cheap gas flowing to European markets from Russia. The war also disrupted global food markets, as both Russia and Ukraine are major exporters of cereal crops. As a result of these factors, inflation surged across Europe and in other parts of the world, but typically declined in 2023, and approached more usual levels by 2024.

Europe's clothing manufacturing industry is largely driven by its reputation for upscale brands and high-end fashion. Countries like Italy and France have a renowned reputation for manufacturing high-quality apparel, which is in demand globally. As a result, industry revenue largely follows trends in disposable income and consumer spending. Clothing manufacturers have faced challenges brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic, severe inflation and foreign competition. Despite these challenges, the digital revolution has inspired new avenues for growth with the rise of e-commerce, which has become an increasingly central consumer shopping practice. Revenue is expected to hike at a compound annual rate of 0.5% to just over €100 billion over the five years through 2025, including a 3.2% drop in 2025. In 2020, like numerous sectors, the clothing industry took a heavy hit from the COVID-19 outbreak. Temporary restrictions curbed manufacturing activities and closed down physical retail markets, reducing consumer demand for clothes. The industry noticed some recovery as these restrictions eased, and consumers, who'd accumulated savings during lockdown periods, indulged in retail therapy – spending on clothing to bring personal joy. However, soaring inflation in 2022 dampened enthusiasm again. Raw material and energy costs soared, reducing manufacturers' profitability. Inflation has been subsiding since late 2023, though geopolitical tensions, including the ongoing Red Sea crisis and trade wars started by US President Donald Trump in early 2025, are renewing concerns of supply chain disruptions and heightened production costs. Looking forward, Europe’s clothing manufacturers will have to take the rough with the smooth. The growth of online shopping is not likely to slow down. Internationally, Europe maintains a strong reputation for quality, ensuring solid demand for its products. Revenue is forecast to grow at a compound annual rate of 0.6% to €102.8 billion over the five years through 2030. The challenge of sustainability is also stimulating innovation. The industry will continue to develop green solutions to production and use more eco-friendly materials. Technological advances in AI, 3D printing and automation are another cause for optimism, as these help to increase production efficiency. Personalisation of products is another trend that will drive customer satisfaction and build brand loyalty, supporting demand.

In the most recently reported period, personal care products saw some of the highest year-over-year price changes among non-food consumer goods categories in the United Kingdom, at some *** percent. In July 2023, the price inflation for clothing, footwear, and furniture products also increased by over *** percent.

Clothing, textiles and footwear wholesalers’ revenue is forecast to sink at a compound annual rate of 5.3% over the five years through 2024 to €255.2 billion, including an estimated drop of 2.9% in 2024. The average profit margin is expected to reach 7.6%. The shift to online retail, led by giants like Amazon and eBay, has shocked wholesalers' revenue, as these e-retailers source directly from manufacturers. Now forced to innovate, wholesalers are building stronger ties with manufacturers and adopting advanced supply chain practices to stay relevant. However, price reductions to prevent wholesale bypass have hit profit. The COVID-19 pandemic led to a drop in revenue for Europe’s wholesale industry in 2020 due to supply chain disruptions and tumbling demand. In the UK, wholesalers are combating record inflation rates and intense pricing demands by reducing the workforce and introducing automation. Revenue is forecast to grow at a modest compound annual rate of 1.9% over the five years through 2029 to €281.1 billion, as competition from retailer bypasses will intensify. Sustainability efforts and technological advancements will reshape the fashion and clothing wholesale industry. Adidas and Bestseller Group are leading an eco-conscious shift, committed to using only sustainably sourced cotton and more recycled polyester. Robotic process automation is making headway in Germany's clothing wholesale sector, eliminating repetitive human tasks and enhancing business capacity to meet specific customer requirements.

The global total consumer spending on clothing and footwear in was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2029 by in total ***** billion U.S. dollars (+***** percent). After the ninth consecutive increasing year, the fashion-related spending is estimated to reach *** trillion U.S. dollars and therefore a new peak in 2029. Consumer spending, in this case footwear-related spending, refers to the domestic demand of private households and non-profit institutions serving households (NPISHs). Spending by corporations and the state is not included. The forecast has been adjusted for the expected impact of COVID-19.Consumer spending is the biggest component of the gross domestic product as computed on an expenditure basis in the context of national accounts. The other components in this approach are consumption expenditure of the state, gross domestic investment as well as the net exports of goods and services. Consumer spending is broken down according to the United Nations' Classification of Individual Consumption By Purpose (COICOP). The shown data adheres broadly to group **. As not all countries and regions report data in a harmonized way, all data shown here has been processed by Statista to allow the greatest level of comparability possible. The underlying input data are usually household budget surveys conducted by government agencies that track spending of selected households over a given period.The data is shown in nominal terms which means that monetary data is valued at prices of the respective year and has not been adjusted for inflation. For future years the price level has been projected as well. The data has been converted from local currencies to US$ using the average exchange rate of the respective year. For forecast years, the exchange rate has been projected as well. The timelines therefore incorporate currency effects.Find more key insights for the total consumer spending on clothing and footwear in countries like North America and Australia & Oceania.

Clothing, textiles and footwear wholesalers’ revenue is forecast to sink at a compound annual rate of 5.3% over the five years through 2024 to €255.2 billion, including an estimated drop of 2.9% in 2024. The average profit margin is expected to reach 7.6%. The shift to online retail, led by giants like Amazon and eBay, has shocked wholesalers' revenue, as these e-retailers source directly from manufacturers. Now forced to innovate, wholesalers are building stronger ties with manufacturers and adopting advanced supply chain practices to stay relevant. However, price reductions to prevent wholesale bypass have hit profit. The COVID-19 pandemic led to a drop in revenue for Europe’s wholesale industry in 2020 due to supply chain disruptions and tumbling demand. In the UK, wholesalers are combating record inflation rates and intense pricing demands by reducing the workforce and introducing automation. Revenue is forecast to grow at a modest compound annual rate of 1.9% over the five years through 2029 to €281.1 billion, as competition from retailer bypasses will intensify. Sustainability efforts and technological advancements will reshape the fashion and clothing wholesale industry. Adidas and Bestseller Group are leading an eco-conscious shift, committed to using only sustainably sourced cotton and more recycled polyester. Robotic process automation is making headway in Germany's clothing wholesale sector, eliminating repetitive human tasks and enhancing business capacity to meet specific customer requirements.

E-commerce companies sell various goods and associated services through online portals, either on websites, mobile apps or integrated into social media platforms. Internet access across Europe continues to accelerate, with the vast majority of countries boasting usage rates of over 80% of the population. The spread of fast broadband and mobile data has enabled rising numbers of Europeans to engage in e-shopping. Over the five years through 2025, e-commerce revenue is slated to climb at a compound annual rate of 4% to reach €352.5 billion. E-tailers benefit from lower overhead costs than bricks-and-mortar stores, enabling them to offer highly competitive prices and draw sales away from traditionally popular establishments like department stores. E-tailers have taken off by leveraging these cost advantages to appeal to an increasingly price-conscious consumer base. The expansion of value-added services like buy now, pay later and fast, flexible delivery options have contributed to strong industry growth. However, the industry hasn’t been immune to recent cos-of-living pressures; sky-high inflation across much of Europe severely dented Europeans’ spending power, with drops in sales volumes affecting many online stores in 2023. Despite this, revenue continues on an upwards trajectory as inflation outweighs the drop in volume sales, contributing to forecast revenue growth of 3.9% in 2025. Looking forwards, rising internet penetration will continue to provide a growing market for e-tailers, driving revenue upwards at a projected compound annual rate of 6.3% over the five years through 2030 to reach €478.9 billion. E-tailers will continue to adapt their business practices and product selections to reflect the ever-growing level of environmental awareness. Delivery fleets will become fully electrified for many companies, while increasingly stringent waste regulations will force companies to adopt biodegradable or recyclable packaging in the coming years. Still, online retailers must innovate to compete with rival Asian companies like Temu as these competitors increasingly penetrate European markets. The integration of Gen AI and data analytics will transform business operations, making them more efficient and helping to lower wage costs, supporting profitability.

The performance of European textile finishers hinges mostly on the level of demand for household textiles, soft furnishings and clothing manufacturing. A few factors have influenced sales of these goods over the past few years. High inflation has cut into textile finishers’ sales. The climate crisis has also posed challenges to the industry, given the textile sector’s high environmental impact. However, the home furnishings market has offered finishers some respite, as consumer spending on home interiors has risen due to people spending more time at home amid the surge in remote working. Revenue is expected to climb at a compound annual rate of 4.2% over the five years through 2025 to €15.3 billion, including an estimated 0.5% hike in 2025. Falling sales during the COVID-19 outbreak dragged revenue down in 2020. This was followed by soaring inflation in 2022 and 2023, which left textile finishing companies grappling with increased costs. The price of utilities and key inputs like cotton put particularly intense pressure on manufacturers, who saw profitability tumble during this period. However, campaigns promoting domestic manufacturing industries and the EU’s push towards sustainable textile consumption have aided revenue growth. Similarly, a growing demand for sustainable and ethically sourced clothing and home textiles has supported industry revenue as European clothing and home textiles brands look to source and produce more of their fabrics from Europe. Swelling demand from key downstream markets, including soft furnishings and clothing manufacturing, is set to continue supporting sales. Revenue will also be supported by easing cost-of-living pressures as lower inflation and interest rates support consumer and business spending. European textile finishing companies will continue experiencing substantial competition from low-cost imports. However, regulatory changes are set to hedge this threat. Under its Green Deal initiative, the EU has proposed significant measures to accelerate its transition towards a circular economy. These include an ambitious target of achieving climate neutrality by 2050 and implementing a sustainable textile strategy, making all textile products consumed in the EU sustainable by 2030, thereby exerting some pressure on import penetration. Industry revenue is expected to swell at a compound annual rate of 2.3% over the five years through 2030 to €17.1 billion.