Coal rose to 112.50 USD/T on July 2, 2025, up 0.63% from the previous day. Over the past month, Coal's price has risen 7.91%, but it is still 16.67% lower than a year ago, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Coal - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

The global coal price index reached 138.87 index points in May 2025. This was a decrease compared to the previous month, which also reflected a fall in the overall fuel energy price index. The global coal index expresses trading of Australian and South African coal, as both countries are among the largest exporters of coal worldwide. How coal profited from the 2022 gas crunch Throughout 2022, coal prices saw a significant net increase. This was largely due to greater fuel and electricity demand as countries slowly exited more stringent coronavirus restrictions, as well as fallout from the Russia-Ukraine war. As many European countries moved to curtailing gas imports from Russia, coal became the alternative to fill the power supply gap, more than doubling the annual average price index between 2021 and 2022. Main coal traders and receivers Although China makes up by far the largest share of worldwide coal production, it is among those countries consuming the majority of its extracted raw materials domestically. In terms of exports, Indonesia, the world's third-largest coal producer, trades more coal than any other country, followed by Australia and Russia. Meanwhile, Japan, South Korea, and Germany are among the leading coal importers, as these countries rely heavily on coal for electricity and heat generation.

Coking coal futures prices refer to the contracts traded on commodity exchanges for future delivery of coking coal. This article explains how the prices are influenced by various factors and the role of commodity exchanges in facilitating trading. It also discusses how traders and investors can take long and short positions, and the importance of monitoring factors influencing coking coal prices.

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Metallurgical Coal Market Size 2025-2029

The metallurgical coal market size is forecast to increase by USD 99.6 billion at a CAGR of 4.8% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is experiencing significant growth driven by the increasing demand for steel, a primary consumer of metallurgical coal. This trend is particularly prominent in regions with robust industrial sectors, such as Asia Pacific. Another key driver is the rise of smart city projects, which require substantial amounts of steel and consequently, metallurgical coal. However, the market is not without challenges. The volatility in prices of metallurgical coal, influenced by supply and demand dynamics and geopolitical factors, poses a significant risk for market participants.
Companies seeking to capitalize on the opportunities presented by this market must stay abreast of price fluctuations and adopt strategic sourcing and pricing strategies. Additionally, investments in technological advancements, such as automation and mechanization, can help improve operational efficiency and reduce costs. Overall, the market offers substantial growth potential for companies able to navigate the price volatility and adapt to evolving market conditions.

What will be the Size of the Metallurgical Coal Market during the forecast period?

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The market encompasses the production and trade of coal used primarily in steel manufacturing. This market exhibits dynamic behavior, influenced by various factors. High-sulphur utilization and medium-ash applications in iron ore smelting remain significant drivers, while price fluctuations in thermal coal markets can impact metallurgical coal demand. Environmental concerns, including air pollution and mining safety, necessitate continued innovation in mining industry practices and technologies. Mining resources and reserves, mining sustainability, and mining equipment automation are essential considerations for market participants. Steel industry outlook, infrastructure development, and sustainable infrastructure projects, such as bridge construction and commercial space development, shape demand for metallurgical coal.
Renewable energy alternatives and sustainable mining practices are gaining traction, potentially impacting the market's future direction. Mining project management, equipment maintenance, and mining investment are crucial elements in the metallurgical coal supply chain. Steel production technology advancements and iron ore smelting processes continue to evolve, influencing the market's size and direction. The transportation and logistics sector plays a vital role in delivering coal to consumers, ensuring efficient and cost-effective solutions. Mining industry outlook remains positive, driven by the ongoing demand for steel and infrastructure development.

How is this Metallurgical Coal Industry segmented?

The metallurgical coal industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Application

  Steel making
  Non-steel making


Type

  Hard coking coals
  Semi-soft coking coals
  Pulverized coal injection
  Medium Coking Coal


End-User

  Iron and Steel Industry
  Chemical and Pharmaceutical
  Foundry Industry
  Non-Steel Production
  Power Industry


Geography

  APAC

    China
    India


  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    Russia
    UK


  Middle East and Africa

    UAE


  South America

    Brazil


  Rest of World

By Application Insights

The steel making segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

Metallurgical coal plays a crucial role in steel manufacturing as it is the primary input for coke production in the blast furnace process and the electric arc furnace (EAF) route. Steel production, a key indicator of economic development, saw a 3.3% increase in global crude steel output to 145.5 million tons (Mt) in November 2023, according to the World Steel Association. Concurrently, the global apparent steel use per capita surpassed 200 kilograms, marking an over 10% rise. Both steel manufacturing processes, BF-BOF and EAF, necessitate metallurgical coal. While the former requires substantial volumes, the latter demands lower quantities.

The steel industry's growth is driven by infrastructure development, urbanization, and the increasing demand for construction, high-grade steel for various industries, and premium hard coking coal for medical applications. The market dynamics are influenced by factors such as coal quality standards, sustainable mining practices, carbon footprint reduction, and cost reduction through mining technology advancements and automation. Additionally, environmental degradation and air quality concerns have led to st

South Korea Coking Coal data was reported at 192.000 USD/Ton in 15 May 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 192.000 USD/Ton for 14 May 2025. South Korea Coking Coal data is updated daily, averaging 268.000 USD/Ton from Jul 2021 (Median) to 15 May 2025, with 973 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 662.750 USD/Ton in 15 Mar 2022 and a record low of 172.000 USD/Ton in 02 Apr 2025. South Korea Coking Coal data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Korea – Table KR.P: Raw Material Prices.

Learn about the factors influencing the price of coking coal, including global demand, supply, trade policies, geopolitical tensions, and economic growth. Understand how fluctuations in the global steel industry and regional markets impact coking coal prices. Explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and discover the future factors that will influence coking coal prices.

The size of the Coal Trading Market was valued at USD 9.73 Million in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 13.40 Million by 2032, with an expected CAGR of 4.68% during the forecast period. The coal trading market represents a crucial segment of the global economy, centered on the exchange of coal, which serves as a vital energy resource for electricity production and various industrial applications. This market is primarily driven by the demand from power generation facilities, steel production companies, and cement manufacturers. Coal trading includes different categories, such as thermal coal utilized for electricity generation and metallurgical coal used in steel manufacturing. Prices within this market are affected by numerous factors, including production rates, geopolitical events, and environmental legislation. Leading coal-exporting nations, such as Australia, Indonesia, Russia, and the United States, supply substantial quantities, while major importing countries include China, India, and Japan. The dynamics of the market are influenced by global economic trends, the transition to renewable energy sources, and climate policies aimed at curbing carbon emissions. The emergence of carbon pricing mechanisms and more stringent environmental regulations are transforming the role of coal in the energy landscape, potentially leading to increased scrutiny and a gradual decrease in demand. Furthermore, coal trading involves intricate logistics, encompassing transportation methods such as rail, shipping, and trucking, and necessitates adherence to various international standards and regulations. As the energy sector moves towards more sustainable alternatives, the coal trading market encounters both challenges and opportunities, with advancing technologies and policy changes shaping its future direction. Recent developments include: February 2022: Russia and China announced the development of an intergovernmental agreement on the supply of coal in the amount of 100 million tons. According to the government of Russia, the Asia-Pacific region has a significant market for coal till 2030. The countries have started working on the agreement., January 2022: Adani announced it won a contract to supply coal to NTPC, India’s state-owned electricity generator. The company will provide 1 million tons of coal to various power plants.. Key drivers for this market are: 4., Increasing Demand for Coal Based Power Generation Sector4.; Ease of Availability of Coal for Various Sectors, Such as Transport, Residential, Commercial and Others. Potential restraints include: 4., Increasing Adoption of Renewable Energy. Notable trends are: Importer and Exporter to Maintain an Equal Share in the Market.

The price of hard coking coal is influenced by supply and demand dynamics, production costs, trade policies, and global economic conditions. Learn about the factors that affect the price of this essential coal used in steelmaking and how it can impact market participants.

Hard Coal Market Outlook

The global hard coal market size was valued at approximately $1.15 trillion in 2023 and is expected to reach around $1.45 trillion by 2032, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.2%. The market is propelled by several growth factors, including the rising demand for energy, the integral role of hard coal in steel production, and its usage in various industrial applications.

One of the primary growth factors driving the hard coal market is the increasing global demand for energy. Despite the growing focus on renewable energy sources, coal remains a critical component of the global energy mix, particularly in developing countries where it is a major source of electricity. The ongoing industrialization in emerging economies has further heightened the demand for hard coal, as it is a reliable and cost-effective energy source. Additionally, the expansion of urban infrastructure in these regions necessitates a steady supply of energy, thereby bolstering the demand for hard coal.

Another significant growth factor is the essential role of hard coal in steel production. Steel manufacturing is heavily dependent on metallurgical coal, which is a type of hard coal. The construction, automotive, and machinery manufacturing sectors, which are pivotal to economic development, rely extensively on steel. As these sectors continue to expand, the demand for hard coal is expected to rise correspondingly. The resurgence in construction activities, particularly in developing nations, further amplifies this demand, contributing to the market's growth.

Moreover, hard coal is integral to various industrial applications, such as cement manufacturing and residential and commercial heating. In cement manufacturing, coal serves as a primary fuel for kiln operations, which are essential for producing clinker—the key ingredient in cement. The global construction boom, driven by urbanization and infrastructure projects, has significantly increased the demand for cement, thereby boosting the hard coal market. Additionally, hard coal is used for heating in residential and commercial settings, particularly in colder regions where it provides an economical and reliable heating solution.

From a regional perspective, Asia Pacific is expected to dominate the hard coal market due to its rapid industrialization and urbanization. Countries like China and India, which are major consumers of coal, drive the regional market's growth. In contrast, North America and Europe are seeing a more modest growth due to stringent environmental regulations and a shift towards cleaner energy sources. However, these regions still maintain a considerable demand for hard coal, particularly for industrial applications and energy production during peak demand periods.

Coal Trading plays a pivotal role in the hard coal market, facilitating the movement and distribution of coal across global markets. It involves the buying, selling, and exchange of coal between producers, traders, and end-users. The dynamics of coal trading are influenced by factors such as market demand, geopolitical considerations, and pricing fluctuations. As coal remains a critical energy source, particularly in developing regions, efficient trading mechanisms ensure a steady supply to meet the growing energy needs. Furthermore, coal trading enables producers to reach international markets, thereby expanding their customer base and optimizing their revenue streams. The integration of digital platforms in coal trading has enhanced transparency and efficiency, allowing for real-time tracking and better management of supply chains.

Type Analysis

The hard coal market is segmented by type into anthracite and bituminous coal, each serving distinct roles in various industrial and domestic applications. Anthracite, known for its high carbon content and energy density, is primarily used in residential heating and metallurgical processes. Its low sulfur and moisture content make it a cleaner-burning option compared to other forms of coal. Bituminous coal, on the other hand, is more abundant and versatile, finding applications in power generation, cement manufacturing, and as a raw material in steel production. The demand for bituminous coal is particularly strong in countries with high industrial activity and robust energy needs.

Anthracite coal's market dynamics are influenced by its scarcity and premium pricing. Its high energy output and low pollutant emiss

In the financial year 2024, Australia’s coal exports were valued at approximately ** billion Australian dollars. After a sharp increase in 2022 and 2023, Australia saw a decline in both metallurgical and thermal coal exports.  Coal market in Australia  The production of coal in Australia has steadily increased over the past 20 years. Coal is mined in every state, with the largest black coal mines located in Queensland and New South Wales. The country produces significantly more coal than it consumes, resulting in a large coal export market. Most of the coal mined in Australia is exported to eastern Asia.  What is the largest coal mining company in Australia?  The largest coal producer in Australia is a coal mining company that is jointly owned by BHP and Mitsubishi, known as BHP Mitsubishi Alliance (BMA). BHP Group was the leading metals and mining company listed on the ASX. BHP is one of the leading global players in the mining sector, with significant revenue reported from its coal segment.

Australia has a large supply of mineral, hydrocarbon and non-mineral reserves, which are often high quality and close to the Earth’s surface, enabling Australia’s Mining division to be globally price competitive. Fluctuations in commodity prices have fuelled revenue volatility over the past few years. Energy supply shocks, driven by the Russia-Ukraine conflict, have sent global energy prices soaring, boosting the value of coal and liquefied natural gas (LNG) exports over the past few years. However, softening energy prices in the two years through 2024-25 will constrain energy export revenue and weaken expansion. Iron ore prices have also fluctuated significantly in recent years. These prices climbed to a peak in 2020-21 because of supply chain disruptions in Brazil. However, a recent property market crisis in China has weakened steel demand, causing iron ore prices to sink and reach a two-year low in September 2024. The price bounced back in October 2024 amid optimism surrounding the Chinese economy and stimulus measures, but is forecast to drop in 2024-25 as recent trade tensions and the United States’ sweeping tariffs exacerbated this trend and pushed prices down. Division revenue is expected to have risen at an annualised 0.6% over the five years through 2024-25, to $437.3 billion. This includes an anticipated fall of 10.5% in 2024-25 as the values of coal, LNG and iron ore exports ease on the back of softening prices. Some miners have pivoted towards future-facing commodities like copper and lithium to align with energy transition trends, but oversupply and softening prices pose ongoing profitability challenges. Soaring operational costs are compounding these issues as labour shortages, rising input costs and sophisticated competition have eroded profit margins. While commodity prices like oil, gas and coal have retracted from recent highs, they remain above 2019-20 levels, offering some relief and counteracting profitability dips. Many mining companies have moved from completing expansion programs to rebalancing their portfolios and implementing cost-reduction initiatives, offsetting profitability slumps. Output across several key commodities like iron ore is set to climb as new mines and expansion projects come online. Despite this, a global supply glut will ease commodity prices, reducing division revenue. Revenue is forecast to decline at an annualised 3.1% over the five years through 2029-30, to $374.3 billion. Growing demand for critical minerals and commodities used in renewable infrastructure represents a growth opportunity for some areas of the Mining division. Consolidation trends will also accelerate over the coming years as larger miners undertake mergers and acquisitions.