As of 2024, the Netherlands and France had the highest prevalence of cocaine use in Europe, with 2.7 percent of the population having used in the previous year. This was followed by Spain and Ireland, with 2.5 percent and 2.3 percent of their respective populations using cocaine in this period. Breakdown of cocaine users in the Netherlands When broken down by age, the highest prevalence of cocaine users in the Netherlands is found in early adulthood. Almost seven percent of those aged 25 to 29 years used cocaine in 2021, and around 17 percent of this age group had tried it at least once in their life.Harms of cocaine useIn 2023, over 3.4 thousand people in the Netherlands entered drug treatment as a result of cocaine use. Furthermore, in the last 15 years, the annual number of deaths due to cocaine use in the country has been steadily increasing. A new-high was reached in 2021, with 72 cocaine deaths recorded in the Netherlands.

According to the latest estimates there were around ** million cocaine users worldwide with the highest number found in the Americas. Cocaine is made from the leaves of the coca plant and is an addictive stimulant that is usually snorted as a powder. Although it is illegal in most countries it is still commonly used recreationally. Cocaine worldwide It is estimated that up to *** percent of the global population has used cocaine in the past year. With so many users it is unsurprising that the illegal cocaine market is extremely lucrative. Worldwide illicit cultivation of cocaine covers some *** thousand hectares, with most of the world’s cocaine produced in South America. Cocaine in the United States According to the most recent figures around **** million people in the United States had used cocaine in the previous year. Moreover, around **** million Americans have used cocaine at some point in their lifetime. In 2021, there were around ****** deaths involving cocaine in the United States, a significant rise from previous years. However, it is important to note that a large portion of deaths from cocaine involve the use of other drugs, specifically opioids.

Cocaine is an addictive stimulant drug obtained from the leaves of two Coca species native to South America, Erythroxylum coca and Erythroxylum novogranatense. Wikipedia

https://ourworldindata.org/illicit-drug-use Hannah Ritchie and Max Roser (2018) - "Opioids, cocaine, cannabis and illicit drugs". Published online at OurWorldInData.org. Retrieved from: 'https://ourworldindata.org/illicit-drug-use' [Online Resource] @article{owidillicitdruguse, author = {Hannah Ritchie and Max Roser}, title = {Opioids, cocaine, cannabis and illicit drugs}, journal = {Our World in Data}, year = {2018}, note = {https://ourworldindata.org/illicit-drug-use} }

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The Legal Cocaine Market study is a comprehensive report with in-depth qualitative and quantitative research evaluating the current scenario and analyzing the growth of 2.47 thousand oz and CAGR of 4% by segment Application and Geography during the forecast period 2020 to 2025

Furthermore, this report extensively covers market segmentation by application (surgical and recreational) and geography (North America, Europe, APAC, and ROW). The market report also offers information on several market vendors, including Techne Corp., Lannett Co. Inc., Mallinckrodt Plc, Merck and Co. Inc., and Stepan Co.

Download the Report Sample to Unlock the Smart Room Heater Market Size for the Forecast Period and Other Important Statistics

Parent Market Analysis

Technavio categorizes the Legal Cocaine Market as a part of the Consumer Staples industry within the Food Products industry. Our Technavio research report has extensively covered external factors influencing the parent market growth potential in the coming years, which will determine the levels of growth of the forecast year.

Legal Cocaine Market: Key Drivers, Trends, and Challenges

Our research analysts have studied the historical data and deduced the key market drivers and the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on the legal cocaine industry. The holistic analysis of the drivers will help deduce end goals and refine marketing strategies to gain a competitive edge.

Key Legal Cocaine Market Driver

One of the key factors driving growth in the market is the growing demand for pharmaceutical-grade cocaine. Cocaine is frequently used as a topical anaesthetic during outpatient procedures. Cocaine is used by healthcare professionals to temporarily numb the lining of the mouth, nose, and throat (mucous membranes) before certain medical procedures like biopsies, stitches, and wound cleaning. It is an anaesthetic that effectively induces numbness in the area about 1-2 minutes after application. Cocaine also causes blood vessels to narrow, which helps in decreasing bleeding and swelling from the procedure. Cocaine is ranked among the strongest anaesthetics and vasoconstrictors, which makes it an ideal option for use during sinus surgery as well as nasal procedures where bleeding and pain may pose major challenges. The cocaine hydrochloride solution is often soaked into a gauze or poured directly onto the body part that needs to be anaesthetized to numb the mucous membranes before minor surgeries, stitches, or biopsy. Mallinckrodt, a popular vendor in the global market, offers cocaine hydrochloride for various medicinal purposes. Therefore, the growing demand for pharmaceutical-grade cocaine is expected to drive the growth of the market significantly during the forecast period.

Key Legal Cocaine Market Challenge

The side effects of excessive use of cocaine will be a major challenge for the market during the forecast period. Cocaine is listed among the most addictive drugs and presents a serious risk of substance abuse. Cocaine causes a short-lived and intense high that is immediately followed by the opposite intense depression, edginess, and a craving for more of the drug. Consumers who abuse cocaine regularly are often affected by eating and sleeping disorders and also experience significantly increased heart rate, muscle spasms, and convulsions. Consumers might also feel paranoid, angry, hostile, and anxious, even when they are not under the influence of cocaine. Irrespective of the amount or the frequency of consumption, cocaine increases the risk of heart attack, stroke, seizure, or respiratory (breathing) failure for the user. Some of the side effects of long-term and high-dose intake of cocaine include permanent damage to blood vessels of the heart and brain; high blood pressure; liver, kidney, and lung damage. Therefore, several health issues associated with excessive consumption of cocaine might reduce its demand, thereby hampering the growth of the global market during the forecast period.

Legal Cocaine Market Value Chain Analysis

Our report provides extensive information on the value chain analysis for the legal cocaine market, which vendors can leverage to gain a competitive advantage during the forecast period. The end-to-end understanding of the value chain is essential in profit margin optimization and evaluation of business strategies. The data available in our value chain analysis segment can help vendors drive costs and enhance customer services during the forecast period.

Who are the Major Legal Cocaine Market Vendors?

Bio Techne Corp. - The company offers cocaine hydrochloride which is an inhibitor of monoamine transporters. Through the Protein Sciences segment, the company offers purified proteins and reagent solutions, cytokines and growth factors, antibodies, immunoassays, biologically active small molecule compounds, and tissue culture reagents.

The report analyzes the market’s competitive la

Consisting of five separate booklets, the World Drug Report 2022 provides an in-depth analysis of global drug markets and examines the nexus between drugs and the environment within the bigger picture of the Sustainable Development Goals, climate change and environmental sustainability.

The World Drug Report 2022 is aimed not only at fostering greater international cooperation to counter the impact of the world drug problem on health, governance and security, but also, with its special insights, at assisting Member States in anticipating and address-ing threats from drug markets and mitigating their consequences.

NODC grants access to survey microdata for statistical and scientific research purposes only. Survey microdata are made available for dissemination after all the necessary steps are taken to ensure anonymity and confidentiality of individuals, households, and business entities. For data related to geographical entities, such as agriculture fields, particular care is taken to ensure anonymity of geographical locations and affected units. More information on the UNODC principles for microdata sharing can be found herePDF.

To apply for access, the Data User has to:

Be employed or affiliated to a research entity such as a university, research institution or a research department in an international organization, public administration, statistical office, bank, NGO, etc. Submit the ‘Request for access to microdataPDF’, including a brief research proposal. PhD Students should submit an application form signed by the supervisor as well. Adhere to the UNODC Terms and Conditions PDFon the access to microdata

UNODC grants access to survey microdata for statistical and scientific research purposes only. Survey microdata are made available for dissemination after all the necessary steps are taken to ensure anonymity and confidentiality of individuals, households, and business entities. For data related to geographical entities, such as agriculture fields, particular care is taken to ensure anonymity of geographical locations and affected units. More information on the UNODC principles for microdata sharing can be found herePDF.

To apply for access, the Data User has to:

Be employed or affiliated to a research entity such as a university, research institution or a research department in an international organization, public administration, statistical office, bank, NGO, etc. Submit the ‘Request for access to microdataPDF’, including a brief research proposal. PhD Students should submit an application form signed by the supervisor as well. Adhere to the UNODC Terms and Conditions PDFon the access to microdata ‘Request for microdata’ and the ‘UNODC Terms and Conditions’ are to be sent to

According to Cognitive Market Research, The Drug Abuse Testing Market was USD XX Billion in 2023 and is set to achieve a market size of USD XX Billion by the end of 2031 growing at a CAGR of XX% from 2024 to 2031. North America held the major market share for more than XX% of the global revenue with a market size of USD XX million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of XX % from 2024 to 2031. The Europe region is the fastest growing market with a CAGR of XX% from 2024 to 2031 and it is projected that it will grow at a CAGR of XX% in the future. Asia Pacific accounted for a market share of over XX% of the global revenue with a market size of USD XX million. Latin America had a market share for more than XX% of the global revenue with a market size of USD XX million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of XX% from 2024 to 2031. Middle East and Africa had a market share of around XX% of the global revenue and was estimated at a market size of USD XX million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of XX% from 2024 to 2031. The Drug Abuse Testing Market held the highest market revenue share in 2024.

Market Dynamics of The Drug Abuse Testing Market

Key Drivers for The Drug Abuse Testing Market

Increase in road accidents due to alcohol consumption growing the market for drug abuse testing.

The number of people killed and injured in traffic accidents, whether they occur right away or 30 days later, are the metrics used to assess these incidents. Alcohol and other substances impair reflexes, judgment, decision-making, impulse control, and motor function, which increases the risk of traffic accidents and frequently results in fatalities. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that between 20 and 50 million people get non-fatal injuries and 1.3 million people die in traffic accidents each year. Rising road accidents through alcohol consumption have increased drug abuse testing due to this the market is growing. For instance, according to the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), in 2021, around 57.8% of people aged 12 years and more used tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drugs. Further, 47.5% of them were alcohol consumers, 19.5% took tobacco, and 14.3% used illicit drugs. Additionally, it is well-known that men are more likely to consume drugs and alcohol than women. Source:(https://www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/2022-12/2021NSDUHFFRHighlights092722.pdf) For instance, in October 2023, In India, Kerala police launched a rapid drug screening system that uses saliva samples and gives results in five minutes. The hand-held device, the SoToxa Mobile Test System, has been deployed on a trial basis in Thiruvananthapuram city, and depending on its reliability and accuracy, the system will be expanded to other parts of the state as well. Over the past two days, the police have booked 11 people for narcotic abuse through a roadside drive using this device that helps in identifying those who took drugs even two days before Source:(https://www.onmanorama.com/news/kerala/2023/10/08/police-launch-new-device-detect-drug-use-in-5-minutes.html) After alcohol, marijuana is most frequently detected in the blood of drivers who have been in accidents. The mind-altering component of marijuana, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which is found in blood, sometimes takes center stage during an inquiry. Furthermore, compared to when the substances are taken separately, marijuana may increase the risk of car accidents when combined with cocaine, alcohol, or benzodiazepines. Therefore, in the future, the frequency of drug misuse testing will be determined by the rising incidence of such adverse occurrences.

The increasing prevalence of drug abuse treatment drives growth in the drug abuse testing market. 

The increasing prevalence of drug abuse has led to a rising demand for drug abuse treatment, consequently driving growth in the drug abuse testing market. With a greater focus on identifying and addressing substance abuse issues, there's a corresponding need for accurate and efficient testing methods to monitor and manage treatment progress effectively. The growing consumption of illicit drugs by individuals needs to have drug abuse treatment which in turn increases the prevalence of drug abuse treatment hence it has led to drive the market growth of drug abuse testing. For instance, in ...

This statistic shows the worldwide production quantity of cocaine from 1994 to 2023. In 2023, the total production of cocaine worldwide was around 3,708 metric tons.

Analysis of global methylation in cells has revealed correlations between overall DNA methylation status and some biological states. Recent studies suggest that epigenetic regulation through DNA methylation could be responsible for neuroadaptations induced by addictive drugs. However, there is no investigation to determine global DNA methylation status following repeated exposure to addictive drugs. Using mice conditioned place preference (CPP) procedure, we measured global DNA methylation level in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and the prefrontal cortex (PFC) associated with drug rewarding effects. We found that cocaine-, but not morphine- or food-CPP training decreased global DNA methylation in the PFC. Chronic treatment with methionine, a methyl donor, for 25 consecutive days prior to and during CPP training inhibited the establishment of cocaine, but not morphine or food CPP. We also found that both mRNA and protein level of DNMT (DNA methytransferase) 3b in the PFC were downregulated following the establishment of cocaine CPP, and the downregulation could be reversed by repeated administration of methionine. Our study indicates a crucial role of global PFC DNA hypomethylation in the rewarding effects of cocaine. Reversal of global DNA hypomethylation could significantly attenuate the rewarding effects induced by cocaine. Our results suggest that methionine may have become a potential therapeutic target to treat cocaine addiction.

The graph shows the number of publications with a given number of citations of ^. The data are presented on a logarithmic scale for the sake of clarity.

The Vinca Alkaloids Drug report provides a detailed analysis of emerging investment pockets, highlighting current and future market trends. It offers strategic insights into capital flows and market shifts, guiding investors toward growth opportunities in key industry segments and regions.

Nusinersen, the initial FDA-approved medication, treats Spinal Muscular Atrophy. This study utilized the FDA’s adverse event reporting system (FAERS) database to examine, evaluate, and provide substantiation for the safety of Nusinersen to assist in clinical decision-making. Nusinersen-related adverse reaction signals were mined using the reporting odds ratio (ROR), Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR), and Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), Multi-item Gamma-Poisson Shrinker (MGPS) models with Empirical Bayesian Geometric Mean (EBGM). The rate and frequency of reported adverse reactions were investigated. Nusinersen-induced adverse events were observed in 25 system organ categories (SOCs). A total of 230 disproportionate preferred terms (PTs) were eliminated using four algorithms. Cardiac arrest, autism spectrum disorder, and epilepsy emerged as potential new side effects not previously listed, warranting further attention for drug safety. Analysis of the age distribution of the signals found that younger patients should be watched out for upper respiratory tract infections and increased CSF pressure; senior patients should be extensively checked for symptoms of post-lumbar puncture syndrome and protein urine present. Our investigation discovered potential signals of novel adverse drug events that could support clinical monitoring and risk identification of Nusinersen. However, these results should be interpreted with caution.

Aims: Addiction science has made great progress in the past decades. We conducted a scientometric study in order to quantify the number of publications and the growth rate globally, regionally, and at country levels. Methods: In October 2015, we searched the Scopus database using the general keywords of addiction or drug-use disorders combined with specific terms regarding 4 groups of illicit drugs – cannabis, opioids, cocaine, and other stimulants or hallucinogens. All documents published during the 20-year period from 1995 to 2014 were included. Results: A total of 95,398 documents were retrieved. The highest number of documents were on opioids, both globally (60.1%) and in each of 5 continents. However, studies on cannabis showed a higher growth rate in the last 5-year period of the study (2010–2014). The United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Canada, Australia, France, Spain, Italy, China, and Japan – almost all studies were from high-income countries – occupied the top 10 positions and produced 81.4% of the global science on drug addiction. Conclusion: As there are important socio-cultural differences in the epidemiology and optimal clinical care of addictive disorders, it is suggested that low- and more affected middle-income countries increase their capacity to conduct research and disseminate the knowledge in this field.

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Although expression patterns of GABAergic genes in rodent brain have largely been elucidated, no comprehensive studies have been performed in human brain. The purpose of this study was to identify global patterns of GABAergic gene expression in healthy adults, including trans and cis effects in the GABAA gene clusters, before determining the effects of chronic alcohol and cocaine exposure on gene expression in the hippocampus. RNA-Seq data from ‘BrainSpan’ was obtained across 16 brain regions from postmortem samples from nine adults. A factor analysis was performed on global expression of 21 GABAergic pathway genes. Factor specificity for response to chronic alcohol/cocaine exposure was subsequently determined from the analysis of RNA-Seq data from postmortem hippocampus of eight alcoholics, eight cocaine addicts and eight controls. Six gene expression factors were identified. Most genes loaded (≥0.5) onto one factor; six genes loaded onto two. The largest factor (0.30 variance) included the chromosome 5 gene cluster that encodes the most common GABAA receptor, α1β2γ2, and genes encoding the α3β3γ2 receptor. Genes within this factor were largely unresponsive to chronic alcohol/cocaine exposure. In contrast, the chromosome 4 gene cluster factor (0.14 variance) encoding the α2β1γ1 receptor was influenced by chronic alcohol/cocaine exposure. Two other factors (0.17 and 0.06 variance) showed expression changes in alcoholics/cocaine addicts; these factors included genes involved in GABA synthesis and synaptic transport. Finally there were two factors that included genes with exceptionally low (0.10 variance) and high (0.09 variance) expression in the cerebellum; the former factor was unaffected by alcohol/cocaine exposure. This study has shown that there appears to be specificity of GABAergic gene groups, defined by covariation in expression, for response to chronic alcohol/cocaine exposure. These findings might have implications for combating stress-related craving and relapse.

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Drug Screening Market Size 2024-2028

The drug screening market size is valued to increase USD 10.66 billion, at a CAGR of 21.49% from 2023 to 2028. Advancements in drug screening technologies will drive the drug screening market.

Major Market Trends & Insights

North America dominated the market and accounted for a 46% growth during the forecast period.
By Type - Drug screening products segment was valued at USD 2.35 billion in 2022
By Application - Urine samples segment accounted for the largest market revenue share in 2022

Market Size & Forecast

Market Opportunities: USD 380.90 million
Market Future Opportunities: USD 10657.80 million
CAGR : 21.49%
North America: Largest market in 2022

Market Summary

The market encompasses a continually evolving landscape shaped by advancements in core technologies and applications. Key technologies, such as mass spectrometry, chromatography, and immunoassay, dominate the market, while applications span various sectors, including pharmaceuticals, healthcare, and laboratories. Service types or product categories include in-vitro diagnostics, point-of-care testing, and laboratory services. Regulations, including FDA guidelines and international standards, significantly influence market dynamics. As of 2021, in-vitro diagnostics hold a market share of approximately 65% in the drug screening industry. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in drug screening is a significant trend, driving market growth and offering enhanced accuracy and efficiency. Furthermore, the development of alternative testing methods, such as microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip technologies, presents new opportunities in the market.

What will be the Size of the Drug Screening Market during the forecast period?

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How is the Drug Screening Market Segmented and what are the key trends of market segmentation?

The drug screening industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments. TypeDrug screening productsDrug screening servicesApplicationUrine samplesBreath samplesHair and blood samplesOral fluid samplesGeographyNorth AmericaUSCanadaEuropeGermanyAPACChinaJapanRest of World (ROW)

By Type Insights

The drug screening products segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The market encompasses the demand for test kits, analyzers, and consumables, serving various industries in their endeavor to ensure regulatory compliance and maintain a drug-free work environment. The market's growth is fueled by increasing drug misuse, stringent regulations, and a growing emphasis on worker safety. For example, drug screening is essential in sectors like transportation, healthcare, and construction to maintain regulatory compliance and secure workplaces. Advancements in technology have led to the emergence of innovative drug screening solutions. Techniques such as thin-layer chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and high-performance liquid chromatography are widely used for drug screening due to their high accuracy and specificity. Rapid diagnostic tests, immunoassay methods, and point-of-care testing have also gained popularity for their convenience and quick turnaround time. The market is marked by a competitive landscape, with key players like Abbott and Thermo Fisher offering a diverse range of drug screening products. Laboratory accreditation, method validation, and regulatory compliance are crucial aspects of the market, ensuring the reliability and accuracy of drug screening results. False negative and false positive rates, analytical sensitivity, precision testing, and accuracy assessment are essential considerations in the drug screening process. Sample preparation methods, data management systems, and quality control procedures are also vital components of the market. The market for drug screening products is projected to grow significantly in the coming years, with an increasing number of industries recognizing the importance of drug screening for maintaining a safe and productive workforce. For instance, the demand for drug screening in the healthcare sector is expected to increase due to the growing prevalence of substance abuse and the need for accurate and reliable drug screening results. Moreover, the market is witnessing the integration of clinical decision support systems, which enable healthcare professionals to make informed decisions based on drug screening results. The use of confirmatory testing, chain of custody, and reference standards further enhances the reliability and accuracy of drug screening results. In conclusion, the market is a dynamic and evolving l

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