Quick Stats API is the programmatic interface to the National Agricultural Statistics Service's (NASS) online database containing results from the 1997, 2002, 2007, and 2012 Censuses of Agriculture as well as the best source of NASS survey published estimates. The census collects data on all commodities produced on U.S. farms and ranches, as well as detailed information on expenses, income, and operator characteristics. The surveys that NASS conducts collect information on virtually every facet of U.S. agricultural production.

This dataset is the soil survey for the City of Buffalo and comes from the Web Soil Survey (WSS), which provides soil data and information produced by the National Cooperative Soil Survey. It is operated by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) and provides access to the largest natural resource information system in the world. NRCS has soil maps and data available online for more than 95 percent of the nation’s counties and anticipates having 100 percent in the near future. The site is updated and maintained online as the single authoritative source of soil survey information.

Soil surveys can be used for general farm, local, and wider area planning. Onsite investigation is needed in some cases, such as soil quality assessments and certain conservation and engineering applications. For more detailed information, contact your local USDA Service Center at the following link: https://offices.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app?agency=nrcs or your NRCS State Soil Scientist at the following link: http:

Abstract

For 156 years (1840 - 1996), the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census was responsible for collecting census of agriculture data. The 1997 Appropriations Act contained a provision that transferred the responsibility for the census of agriculture from the Bureau of the Census to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS). The 2007 Census of Agriculture is the 27th Federal census of agriculture and the third conducted by NASS. The first agriculture census was taken in 1840 as part of the sixth decennial census of population. The agriculture census continued to be taken as part of the decennial census through 1950. A separate middecade census of agriculture was conducted in 1925, 1935, and 1945. From 1954 to 1974, the census was taken for the years ending in 4 and 9. In 1976, Congress authorized the census of agriculture to be taken for 1978 and 1982 to adjust the data reference year so that it coincided with other economic censuses. This adjustment in timing established the agriculture census on a 5-year cycle collecting data for years ending in 2 and 7. Agriculture census data are used to:

• Evaluate, change, promote, and formulate farm and rural policies and programs that help agricultural producers; • Study historical trends, assess current conditions, and plan for the future; • Formulate market strategies, provide more efficient production and distribution systems, and locate facilities for agricultural communities; • Make energy projections and forecast needs for agricultural producers and their communities; • Develop new and improved methods to increase agricultural production and profitability; • Allocate local and national funds for farm programs, e.g. extension service projects, agricultural research, soil conservation programs, and land-grant colleges and universities; • Plan for operations during drought and emergency outbreaks of diseases or infestations of pests. • Analyze and report on the current state of food, fuel, feed, and fiber production in the United States.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Households

Universe

The statistical unit for the CA 2012 was the farm, an operating unit defined as any place from which USD 1 000 or more of agricultural products were produced and sold, or normally would have been sold, during the census year.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

i. Methodological modality for conducting the census The classical approach was used in the CA 2012.

ii. Frame NASS maintains a list of farmers and ranchers from which the CML is compiled.

iii. Complete and/or sample enumeration methods The CA 2012 was an enumeration of all known agricultural holdings meeting the USDA definition of a farm.

Mode of data collection

Mail Questionnaire [mail]

Research instrument

Seven regionalized versions of the main report form (questionnaire) were used for the CA 2012. The report form versions were designed to facilitate reporting on the crops most commonly grown within each report form region. Additionally, an American Indian report form was developed to facilitate reporting for operations on reservations in Arizona, New Mexico and Utah. All of the forms allowed respondents to write in specific commodities that were not listed on their form.

• Land owned
• Land use
• Irrigation
• Conservation programs and crop insurance
• Field crops
• Bananas, coffee, pineapples and plantain crops
• Hay and forage crops
• Nursery, Greenhouse, Floriculture, Sod and tree seedlings
• Vegetables and melons
• Hydroponic crops
• Fruit
• Root crops
• Cattle and calves
• Poultry
• Hogs and pigs
• Aquaculture
• Other animals and livestock products
• Value of sales
• Organic agriculture
• Federal and commonwealth agricultural program payments
• Income from farm-related sources
• Production expenses
• Farm labour
• Fertilizer and chemicals applied
• Market value of land and buildings
• Machinery, equipment and buildings
• Practices
• Type of organization
• Operator characteristics

The CA 2012 covered all 16 core items recommended to be collected in the WCA 2010. See questionnaire in external materials.

Cleaning operations

1. DATA PROCESSING AND ARCHIVING The completed forms were scanned and Optical Mark Recognition (OMR) was used to retrieve categorical responses and to identify the other answer zones in which some type of mark was present. The edit system determined the best value to impute for reported responses that were deemed unreasonable and for required responses that were absent. The complex edit ensured the full internal consistency of the record. After tabulation and review of the aggregates, a comprehensive disclosure review was conducted. Cell suppression was used to protect the cells that were determined to be sensitive to a disclosure of information.

2. CENSUS DATA QUALITY NASS conducted an extensive program to follow-up all non-response. NASS also used capture-recapture methodology to adjust for under-coverage, non-response, and misclassification. To implement capture-recapture methods, two independent surveys were required --the 2012 Census of Agriculture (based on the Census Mail List) and the 2012 June Agricultural Survey (based on the area frame). Historically, NASS has been careful to maintain the independence of these two surveys.

Data appraisal

The complete data series from the 2012 Census of Agriculture is available from the NASS website free of charge in multiple formats, including Quick Stats 2.0 - an online database to retrieve customized tables with Census data at the national, state and county levels. The 2012 Census of Agriculture provides information on a range of topics, including agricultural practices, conservation, organic production, as well as traditional and specialty crops.

This data set is a digital soil survey and generally is the most detailed level of soil geographic data developed by the National Cooperative Soil Survey. The information was prepared by digitizing maps, compiling information onto a planimetric correct base and digitizing, or by revising digitized maps using remotely sensed and other information. This data set consists of georeferenced digital map data and computerized attribute data. The map data are in a soil survey area extent format and include a detailed, field verified inventory of soils and miscellaneous areas that normally occur in a repeatable pattern on the landscape and that can be cartographically shown at the scale mapped. A special soil features layer (point and line features) is optional. This layer displays the location of features too small to delineate at the mapping scale but large enough and contrasting enough to significantly influence use and management. The soil map units are linked to attributes in the National Soil Information System relational database, which gives the proportionate extent of the component soils and their properties.Individual Metadata [XML]

The gridded National Soil Survey Geographic Database (gNATSGO) is a USDA-NRCS (Natural Resources Conservation Service) Soil & Plant Science Division (SPSD) composite ESRI file geodatabase that provides complete coverage of the best available soils information for all areas of the United States and Island Territories. It was created by combining data from the Soil Survey Geographic Database (SSURGO), State Soil Geographic Database (STATSGO2), and Raster Soil Survey Databases (RSS) into a single seamless ESRI file geodatabase. The gNATSGO database contains a 10-meter raster of the soil map units and 70 related tables of soil properties and interpretations. It is designed to work with the SPSD gSSURGO ArcTools. Users can create full coverage thematic maps and grids of soil properties and interpretations for large geographic areas, such as the extent of a State or the conterminous United States. SSURGO is the SPSD flagship soils database that has over 100 years of field-validated detailed soil mapping data. SSURGO contains soils information for more than 90 percent of the United States and island territories, but unmapped land remains. The current completion status of SSURGO mapping is displayed (PDF). STATSGO2 is a general soil map that has soils data for all of the United States and island territories, but the data is not as detailed as the SSURGO data. The Raster Soil Surveys (RSSs) are the next generation soil survey databases developed using advanced digital soil mapping methods. The first version of gNATSGO was created in 2019. It is composed primarily of SSURGO data, but STATSGO2 data was used to fill in the gaps. Three RSSs have been published as of 2019. These were merged into the gNATSGO after combining the SSURGO and STATSGO2 data. The extent of RSS is expected to increase in the coming years. Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: Website Pointer for Gridded National Soil Survey Geographic Database (gNATSGO). File Name: Web Page, url: https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/survey/geo/?cid=nrcseprd1464625 The gNATSGO website provides an Overview slide presentation, Download links for gNATSGO databases (CONUS or States), ArcTools, Metadata, Technical Information, and Recommended Data Citations.

Description of the experiment setting: location, influential climatic conditions, controlled conditions (e.g. temperature, light cycle)In Fall of 2023 the USDA Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) conducted the fourth Farm to School Census. The 2023 Census was sent via email to 18,833 school food authorities (SFAs) including all public, private, and charter SFAs, as well as residential care institutions, participating in the National School Lunch Program. The questionnaire collected data on local food purchasing, edible school gardens, other farm to school activities and policies, and outcomes and challenges of participating in farm to school activities. A total of 12,559 SFAs submitted a response to the 2023 Census.Processing methods and equipment usedThe 2023 Census was administered solely via the web. The study team cleaned the raw data to ensure the data were as correct, complete, and consistent as possible. This process involved examining the data for logical errors and removing implausible values. The study team linked the 2023 Census data to information from the National Center of Education Statistics (NCES) Common Core of Data (CCD). Records from the CCD were used to construct a measure of urbanicity, which classifies the area in which schools are located.Study date(s) and durationData collection occurred from October 2, 2023 to January 7, 2024. Questions asked about activities prior to, during and after SY 2022-23. The 2023 Census asked SFAs whether they currently participated in, had ever participated in or planned to participate in any of 32 farm to school activities. Based on those answers, SFAs received a defined set of further questions.Study spatial scale (size of replicates and spatial scale of study area)Respondents to the survey included SFAs from all 50 States as well as American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Washington, DC.Level of true replicationUnknownSampling precision (within-replicate sampling or pseudoreplication)No sampling was involved in the collection of this data.Level of subsampling (number and repeat or within-replicate sampling)No sampling was involved in the collection of this data.Study design (before–after, control–impacts, time series, before–after-control–impacts)None – Non-experimentalDescription of any data manipulation, modeling, or statistical analysis undertakenEach entry in the dataset contains SFA-level responses to the Census questionnaire for SFAs that responded. This file includes information from only SFAs that clicked “Submit” on the questionnaire. (The dataset used to create the 2023 Farm to School Census Report includes additional SFAs that answered enough questions for their response to be considered usable.)In addition, the file contains constructed variables used for analytic purposes. The file does not include weights created to produce national estimates for the 2023 Farm to School Census Report.The dataset identified SFAs, but to protect individual privacy the file does not include any information for the individual who completed the questionnaire. All responses to open-ended questions (i.e., containing user-supplied text) were also removed to protect privacy.Description of any gaps in the data or other limiting factorsSee the full 2023 Farm to School Census Report [https://www.fns.usda.gov/research/f2s/2023-census] for a detailed explanation of the study’s limitations.Outcome measurement methods and equipment usedNone

This product provides tabular data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Census of Agriculture for selected items for the period 1950-2017 for counties in the conterminous United States. Data from 1950-2012 are taken from LaMotte (2015) and 2017 data are retrieved from the USDA QuickStats online tool. Data which are withheld in the Census of Agriculture are filled with estimates. The data include crop production values for 12 commodities (for example, corn in bushels), land use values for 7 land use types (for example, acres of total cropland), and 9 values for livestock types (for example, number of hogs and pigs). The data are largely intended as a 2017 update to the LaMotte dataset for items of research interest. LaMotte, A.E., 2015, Selected items from the Census of Agriculture at the county level for the conterminous United States, 1950-2012: U.S. Geological Survey data release, http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7H13016.

Web Soil Survey (WSS) provides soil data and information produced by the National Cooperative Soil Survey. It is operated by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) and provides access to the largest natural resource information system in the world. NRCS has soil maps and data available online for more than 95 percent of the nation's counties and anticipates having 100 percent in the near future. The site is updated and maintained online as the single authoritative source of soil survey information.

This dataset is called the Gridded SSURGO (gSSURGO) Database and is derived from the Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) Database. SSURGO is generally the most detailed level of soil geographic data developed by the National Cooperative Soil Survey (NCSS) in accordance with NCSS mapping standards. The tabular data represent the soil attributes, and are derived from properties and characteristics stored in the National Soil Information System (NASIS). The gSSURGO data were prepared by merging traditional SSURGO digital vector map and tabular data into a Conterminous US-wide extent, and adding a Conterminous US-wide gridded map layer derived from the vector, plus a new value added look up (valu) table containing "ready to map" attributes. The gridded map layer is offered in an ArcGIS file geodatabase raster format.The raster and vector map data have a Conterminous US-wide extent. The raster map data have a 30 meter cell size. Each cell (and polygon) is linked to a map unit identifier called the map unit key. A unique map unit key is used to link to raster cells and polygons to attribute tables, including the new value added look up (valu) table that contains additional derived data.The value added look up (valu) table contains attribute data summarized to the map unit level using best practice generalization methods intended to meet the needs of most users. The generalization methods include map unit component weighted averages and percent of the map unit meeting a given criteria.The Gridded SSURGO dataset was created for use in national, regional, and state-wide resource planning and analysis of soils data. The raster map layer data can be readily combined with other national, regional, and local raster layers, e.g., National Land Cover Database (NLCD), the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) Crop Data Layer, or the National Elevation Dataset (NED).

[Note: Integrated as part of FoodData Central, April 2019.] USDA's Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies (FNDDS) is a database that is used to convert food and beverages consumed in What We Eat In America (WWEIA), National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) into gram amounts and to determine their nutrient values. Because FNDDS is used to generate the nutrient intake data files for WWEIA, NHANES, it is not required to estimate nutrient intakes from the survey. FNDDS is made available for researchers using WWEIA, NHANES to review the nutrient profiles for specific foods and beverages as well as their associated portions and recipes. Such detailed information makes it possible for researchers to conduct enhanced analysis of dietary intakes. FNDDS can also be used in other dietary studies to code foods/beverages and amounts eaten and to calculate the amounts of nutrients/food components in those items.
FNDDS is released every two-years in conjunction with the WWEIA, NHANES dietary data release. The FNDDS is available for free download from the FSRG website. Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: Website Pointer to Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies. File Name: Web Page, url: https://www.ars.usda.gov/northeast-area/beltsville-md-bhnrc/beltsville-human-nutrition-research-center/food-surveys-research-group/docs/fndds/ USDA's Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies (FNDDS) is a database that is used to convert food and beverages consumed in What We Eat In America (WWEIA), National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) into gram amounts and to determine their nutrient values.

Incorporates Unpublished and and Not Public Information from the SSURGO CONUS file geodatabase.Web Soil SurveySoil Survey Status Map >Link to Shapefile (zipped)

The statistical information in the "Financial Characteristics of Horticultural Farms" dataset provides an overview of farm business financial performance (such as income statements, balance sheets, and financial ratios) for 1987 through 1991 as sources from USDA's Annual Farm Costs and Return Survey (FCRS). These FCRS data are "industry-level" estimates for all growers of nonedible horticultural crops and, with the exception of cut Christmas tree farms, data are not available for subsectors such as nursery plant farms and cut flower farms. However, detailed financial data are available by year, by economic classes, and by region.

Collection Organization: Economic Research Service.

Collection Methodology: USDA Annual Farm Costs and Return Survey, Census of Agriculture.

Collection Frequency: Annually.

Update Characteristics: Updated in its entirety.

STATISTICAL INFORMATION:

The data reside in 76 LOTUS 1-2-3 worksheet files, 8 Lotus Freelance Graphics files, and one ASCII text file. LANGUAGE:

English ACCESS/AVAILABILITY:

Data Center: USDA Economic Research Service Dissemination Media: Diskette, Internet gopher, Internet home page File Format: ASCII, Lotus/dBase Access Instructions: Call NASS at 1-800-999-6779 for historical series data available on diskette. For historical series data available online, connect to the Internet home page at Cornell University.

    URL: 'http://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/MannUsda/homepage.do'

Access to the data or reports may be achieved through the ERS-NASS information system:

    WWW:

'http://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/MannUsda/homepage.do'

For subscription direct to an e-mail address, send an e-mail message to:

     usda-reports@usda.mannlib..cornell.edu

Type the word "lists" (without quotes) in the body of the message.

Soil surveys can be used for general farm, local, and wider area planning. Onsite investigation is needed in some cases, such as soil quality assessments and FOR certain conservation and engineering applications. For more detailed information, contact your local USDA Service Center at the following link: https://offices.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app?agency=nrcs (USDA Service Center) or your NRCS State Soil Scientist at the following link: https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/contactus/?cid=nrcs142p2_053951 (NRCS State Soil Scientist). COPYWRITE TEXT: Soil Survey Staff, Natural Resources Conservation Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Web Soil Survey. Available online at the following link: https://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/. Accessed [10/1/2018].

Web Soil Survey & Geospatial Data Gateway These requirements include:Provide a way to request data for an adhoc area of interest of any size.Provide a way to obtain data in real-time.Provide a way to request selected tabular and spatial attributes.Provide a way to return tabular and spatial data where the organization of that data doesn't hate to mirror that of the underlying source database.Provide a way to bundle results by request, rather tan by survey area.Click on Submit a custom request for soil tabular data, to input a query to extract data. For help click on:Creating my own custom database queries Index to SQL Library - Sample Scripts Using Soil Data Access website Using Soil Data Access web services

This data package includes survey questions from beef cattle producers collectively operating in at least 31 counties in at least 7 states (California, Illinois, Missouri, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas) - "at least" because there were some respondents who chose not to provide the _location of their operation. Responses were collected between January 22, 2020 and May 31, 2021. Most of the surveys were administered in person at the 2020 Southwest Beef Symposium in Amarillo, TX. The survey was also placed online and an additional few responses were collected through the online survey. These data represent a sample of convenience as no formal sampling scheme was employed in soliciting responses. Survey responses are summarized in the publication, Snapshot of Rancher Perspectives on Creative Cattle Management Options (Elias et. al, 2020).The purpose of gathering these data was to learn more about the characteristics of beef cattle producers in the region and to gauge producer interest in precision livestock ranching technologies and heritage cattle – both strategies being researched by the Sustainable Southwest Beef Project to support sustainability of ranching operations in the Southwest and Southern Plains regions of the US.

Link to the ScienceBase Item Summary page for the item described by this metadata record. Service Protocol: Link to the ScienceBase Item Summary page for the item described by this metadata record. Application Profile: Web Browser. Link Function: information

The Soil Data Warehouse and Data Mart provide the authoritative pathway for distributing current official soil survey data to service centers and to the public. Interactive maps and dynamic reports available include Dynamic Maps

Query by Location Query by Location and Connect to Web Soil Survey Prototype Soil (Beta Version) MLRA Explorer

Lists of Hydric Soils

Query by State Query by Soil Survey Area Query by State Map Unit Rating Query by Soil Survey Area Map Unit Rating

Map Unit Description (Brief, Generated)

Query by Soil Survey Area and Map Unit (All Components) Query by Soil Survey Area (Major Components)

Ecological Site Extent

Query by MLRA and Ecological Site

Legend & Prime Farmland

Query by Soil Survey Area

Wisconsin Soil Moisture Regime Site Assessment Guide

Query by Soil Survey Area

Wisconsin Forage Suitability Group Guide

Query by Soil Survey Area

RUSLE2 Related Attributes

Query by Soil Survey Area Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: Soil Data Mart. File Name: Web Page, url: https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/wi/soils/?cid=nrcseprd1326315 Links pull information and hits from the official soils database live. Interactive maps and dynamic reports are available.

Soil surveys can be used for general farm, local, and wider area planning. Onsite investigation is needed in some cases, such as soil quality assessments and FOR certain conservation and engineering applications. For more detailed information, contact your local USDA Service Center at the following link: USDA Service Center or your NRCS State Soil Scientist at the following link: NRCS State Soil Scientist.COPYWRITE TEXT: Soil Survey Staff, Natural Resources Conservation Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Web Soil Survey. Available online at the following link: https://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/. Accessed [10/1/2018].This is a MD iMAP hosted service layer. Find more information at https://imap.maryland.gov.Feature Service Layer Link:https://mdgeodata.md.gov/imap/rest/services/Geoscientific/MD_SSURGOSoils/MapServer/0**Please note, due to the size of this dataset, you may receive an error message when trying to download the dataset. You can download this dataset directly from MD iMAP Services at: https://mdgeodata.md.gov/imap/rest/services/Geoscientific/MD_SSURGOSoils/MapServer/exts/MDiMAPDataDownload/customLayers/0**

Soil Geochemistry Spatial Database - General DescriptionLaboratory data were produced by the USDA-NRCS Kellogg Soil Survey Laboratory, located in the National Soil Survey Center, Lincoln, NE. The National Cooperative Soil Survey (NCSS) Soil Characterization Database contains the analytical results from the Kellogg Soil Survey Laboratory (KSSL) at the National Soil Survey Center (NSSC) in Lincoln, Nebraska, as well as the results from numerous cooperating State university laboratories in the United States. Properties measured in the laboratory serve as the basis for interpretations related to soil use and management. Standardized methodologies and procedures used in the laboratory are contained in the Kellogg Soil Survey Laboratory Methods Manual, Soil Survey Investigations Report (SSIR) No. 42 (by the Soil Survey Staff). The KSSL data are provided in reports (for example, Primary and Supplementary Characterization Data Sheets.) The database includes pedons that represent the central concept of a soil series, pedons that represent the central concept of a map unit but not of a series, and pedons sampled to bracket a range of properties within a series or landscape. Not all analyses are conducted for every soil. Suites of analytical procedures are run based upon anticipated or known conditions regarding the nature of the soil being analyzed. Results are reported in tiers. For example, soils of arid environments are routinely analyzed for salts and carbonates as part of the standard analysis suite.The geographic display consists of two major sets of geochemistry data:Current Geochemistry Project — The Soil Geochemistry Spatial Dataset is a collection of soil geochemistry data produced by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Kellogg Soil Survey Laboratory in Lincoln, Nebraska. The website is ongoing and updated periodically to reflect additional available data. Soil pedons were sampled and analyzed by horizons. Pedons represent either the central concept of a soil series, the central concept of a map unit, or unspecified sites on a project specific basis. Sites are indentified as either contaminated or non-contaminated (cited as “unknown”) based on knowledge of land use history. When labeled as “unknown”, it suggests the elemental concentrations represent native values. These data are represented in four layers: Site Info, Major Elements, Trace Elements, and Selected Characterization Data. Data in Major Element and Trace Element tiers are defined by specific digestion. Digestion method for elements in the “Major Elements” tier consists of an acid combination of HF+HNO3+HCL. Elements in the “Trace Elements” tier are recovered from soil with a HNO3+HCL digestion. Elemental data are incomplete on certain samples. Additional elements have been added to the analytical suite over time and certain data are absent on earlier projects. Also, certain projects were specific for only major or trace elements.Currently, the dataset contains data for over 4,800 sites. Each point or location on the map represents one or more pedons. Data for pedons generally include multiple horizons listed sequentially in a tabular format. Each location has four types of data associated: site, trace element, major element, and characterization data. For certain sites, only trace or major elemental data may be available. The Soil Geochemistry Spatial Dataset contains data collectively produced by the National Cooperative Soil Survey Program. Sites were generally selected and sampled by soil survey personnel in respective states. Laboratory data were produced by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Kellogg Soil Survey Laboratory, located in the National Soil Survey Center, Lincoln, Nebraska.Summary and analysis of these data are documented in:Burt, R., M.A. Wilson, M.D. Mays, and C.W. Lee. 2003. Major and Trace Elements of Selected Pedons in the U.S. J. of Environ. Qual. 32:2109-2121.Wilson, M.A., R. Burt, S.J. Indorante, A.B. Jenkins, J.V. Chiaretti, M.G. Ulmer, J.M. Scheyer. 2008. Geochemistry in the modern soil survey program. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 139:151–171.For detailed information on Kellogg Soil Survey Laboratory (KSSL) methods (e.g., procedures, interferences), refer to “Soil Survey Laboratory Investigations Report No. 42”.For information on the applications of laboratory data, refer to “Soil Survey Laboratory Investigations Report No. 45”.For the complete characterization data dataset, pedon and site information, additional qualifications and limitations on the regarding characterization data, refer to the National Cooperative Soil Survey Soil Characterization Database at https://ncsslabdatamart.sc.egov.usda.gov.Locations of each site are identified as either “Geographic”, a known location identified by latitude and longitude or “Centroid”, the location is unknown within county and the point on the map is located at the latitude and longitude of the county centroid. Note that locations in the past were recorded only as latitude and longitude in the Soil Survey Laboratory Characterization Database. Therefore, georeference locations for sites can be considered only approximate unless the map datum (NAD27 or WGS84) can be indentified for each point. It can be assumed that data prior to 1990 was recorded from maps with a NAD27 datum and with a WGS84 datum after 1995. 2. Holmgren Dataset — A second group of data was produced by the Soil Survey Laboratory during the 1970’s and 1980’s for a project documenting the content of selected trace elements in agricultural soils of the U.S. This dataset contains over 3,400 sites in conterminous U.S. These data are available as a separate spatial layer on a county centroid basis.These data are discussed in:Holmgren, G.G.S., M.W. Meyer, R.L. Chaney, and R.B. Daniels. 1993. Cadmium, lead, zinc, copper, and nickel in agricultural soils in the United States of America. J. Environ. Qual. 22:335-348.Use ConstraintsYou are most WELCOME to use the database, but you should be aware that the assessment of the accuracy and applicability is strictly a USER RESPONSIBILITY and the NRCS and NCSS take no responsibility for problems that arise from use of these data.The U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service and the National Cooperative Soil Survey, should be acknowledged as the data source in products derived from these data.This dataset is not designed for use as a primary regulatory tool in permitting or citing decisions, but may be used as a reference source. This is public information and may be interpreted by organizations, agencies, units of government, or others based on needs; however, they are responsible for the appropriate application. Federal, State, or local regulatory bodies are not to reassign to the Natural Resources Conservation Service or the National Cooperative Soil Survey any authority for the decisions that they make. The Natural Resources Conservation Service will not perform any evaluations of these data for purposes related solely to State or local regulatory programs.Digital data files are periodically updated. Files are dated, and users are responsible for obtaining the latest version of the data.

"Agricultural Chemical Usage, Field Crops Summary" contains state and U.S. fertilizer and pesticide use data for corn, cotton, peanuts, rice, sorghum, soybeans, wheat, fall potatoes. Includes pesticide use by active ingredient, application rates, and acres treated.

  Collection Organization: ERS and NASS

  Collection Methodology: The information presented is the result
  of a sample survey conducted for the crop year (end of harvest
  for previous crop through harvest of current crop). A random
  sample of fields was selected with probability proportional to
  size, using information, obtained earlier in the year, from two
  surveys of farm operators. Personal interviews were used to
  obtain the information. Chemical data were collected at the
  product level and converted to active ingredient for
  summarization.

  Collection Frequency: Annual survey.

  Update Characteristics: Dataset not updated.

  STATISTICAL INFORMATION:

  The data reside in one ASCII text file.
  LANGUAGE:

  English
  ACCESS/AVAILABILITY:

  Data Center: National Agricultural Statistics Service
  Dissemination Media: Diskette, Internet home page
  File Format: ASCII delimited
  Access Instructions: Call NASS at 1-800-999-6779 for historical
  series data available on diskette. For historical series data
  available online, connect to the Internet home page at Cornell
  University.

  Or connect at the NASS Internet home page.

        URL: 'http://www.nass.usda.gov/index.asp'