Business Context: We are in a time where businesses are more digitally advanced than ever, and as technology improves, organizations’ security postures must be enhanced as well. Failure to do so could result in a costly data breach, as we’ve seen happen with many businesses. The cybercrime landscape has evolved, and threat actors are going after any type of organization, so in order to protect your business’s data, money and reputation, it is critical that you invest in an advanced security system. Cyber security can be described as the collective methods, technologies, and processes to help protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of computer systems, networks and data, against cyber-attacks or unauthorized access. a. Information Security vs. Cyber Security vs. Network Security: Information security (also known as InfoSec) ensures that both physical and digital data is protected from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, inspection, recording or destruction. Information security differs from cyber security in that InfoSec aims to keep data in any form secure, whereas cyber security protects only digital data. Cyber security, a subset of information security, is the practice of defending your organization’s networks, computers and data from unauthorized digital access, attack or damage by implementing various processes, technologies and practices. With the countless sophisticated threat actors targeting all types of organizations, it is critical that your IT infrastructure is secured at all times to prevent a full-scale attack on your network and risk exposing your company’ data and reputation. Network security, a subset of cyber security, aims to protect any data that is being sent through devices in your network to ensure that the information is not changed or intercepted. The role of network security is to protect the organization’s IT infrastructure from all types of cyber threats including: Viruses, worms and Trojan horses a. Zero-day attacks b. Hacker attacks c. Denial of service attacks d. Spyware and adware Your network security team implements the hardware and software necessary to guard your security architecture. With the proper network security in place, your system can detect emerging threats before they infiltrate your network and compromise your data. There are many components to a network security system that work together to improve your security posture. The most common network security components include: a. Firewalls b. Anti-virus software c. Intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDS/IPS) d. Virtual private networks (VPN) Network Intrusions vs. Computer intrusions vs. Cyber Attacks 1. Computer Intrusions: Computer intrusions occur when someone tries to gain access to any part of your computer system. Computer intruders or hackers typically use automated computer programs when they try to compromise a computer’s security. There are several ways an intruder can try to gain access to your computer. They can Access your a. Computer to view, change, or delete information on your computer, b. Crash or slow down your computer c. Access your private data by examining the files on your system d. Use your computer to access other computers on the Internet. 2. Network Intrusions: A network intrusion refers to any unauthorized activity on a digital network. Network intrusions often involve stealing valuable network resources and almost always jeopardize the security of networks and/or their data. In order to proactively detect and respond to network intrusions, organizations and their cyber security teams need to have a thorough understanding of how network intrusions work and implement network intrusion, detection, and response systems that are designed with attack techniques and cover-up methods in mind. Network Intrusion Attack Techniques: Given the amount of normal activity constantly taking place on digital networks, it can be very difficult to pinpoint anomalies that could indicate a network intrusion has occurred. Below are some of the most common network intrusion attack techniques that organizations should continually look for: Living Off the Land: Attackers increasingly use existing tools and processes and stolen credentials when compromising networks. These tools like operating system utilities, business productivity software and scripting languages are clearly not malware and have very legitimate usage as well. In fact, in most cases, the vast majority of the usage is business justified, allowing an attacker to blend in. Multi-Routing: If a network allows for asymmetric routing, attackers will often leverage multiple routes to access the targeted device or network. This allows them to avoid being detected by having a large portion of suspicious packets bypass certain network segments and any relevant network intrusion systems. Buffer Overwrit...

In 2024, the number of data compromises in the United States stood at 3,158 cases. Meanwhile, over 1.35 billion individuals were affected in the same year by data compromises, including data breaches, leakage, and exposure. While these are three different events, they have one thing in common. As a result of all three incidents, the sensitive data is accessed by an unauthorized threat actor. Industries most vulnerable to data breaches Some industry sectors usually see more significant cases of private data violations than others. This is determined by the type and volume of the personal information organizations of these sectors store. In 2024 the financial services, healthcare, and professional services were the three industry sectors that recorded most data breaches. Overall, the number of healthcare data breaches in some industry sectors in the United States has gradually increased within the past few years. However, some sectors saw decrease. Largest data exposures worldwide In 2020, an adult streaming website, CAM4, experienced a leakage of nearly 11 billion records. This, by far, is the most extensive reported data leakage. This case, though, is unique because cyber security researchers found the vulnerability before the cyber criminals. The second-largest data breach is the Yahoo data breach, dating back to 2013. The company first reported about one billion exposed records, then later, in 2017, came up with an updated number of leaked records, which was three billion. In March 2018, the third biggest data breach happened, involving India’s national identification database Aadhaar. As a result of this incident, over 1.1 billion records were exposed.

The dataset contains year-, state- and city-wise historically compiled data on the number of cyber crimes committed in violation of Information Technology Act (IT Act) in Indian cities with over one million population. The different types of cyber crimes covered in the dataset include Tampering Computer Source documents, Cyber Terrorism, Publication or transmission of obscene or sexually explicit act in electronic form, Interception or Monitoring or decryption of Information, Unauthorized access or attempt to access to protected computer system, Abetment to Commit Offences, Publication or Transmission of Obscene or Sexually Explicit Act, etc. in Electronic Form, Breach of Confidentiality or Privacy and Disclosure of Information in Breach of Lawful Contract , Hacking, Obscene Publication or Transmission in Electronic Form, Failure in Obtaining Licence or Digital Signature by misrepresentation or suppression of fact, Publishing false digital Signature Certificate, Fraud Digital Signature, Breach of confidentiality or privacy, other computer related offences such as Ransomware, Offences other than Ransomware, Dishonestly receiving stolen computer resource or communication device, Identity Theft, Cheating by personation by using computer resource, Violation of Privacy, Failure Of compliance or orders of certifying Authority, To assist to decoy or the information in interception by Government Agency, Hacking crimes such as Loss or damage to computer resource or utility, Publication or transmission of Obscene or Sexually Explicit Act in Electronic Form involving Children and Adults, etc.

Description

The datasets demonstrate the malware economy and the value chain published in our paper, Malware Finances and Operations: a Data-Driven Study of the Value Chain for Infections and Compromised Access, at the 12th International Workshop on Cyber Crime (IWCC 2023), part of the ARES Conference, published by the International Conference Proceedings Series of the ACM ICPS.

Using the well-documented scripts, it is straightforward to reproduce our findings. It takes an estimated 1 hour of human time and 3 hours of computing time to duplicate our key findings from MalwareInfectionSet; around one hour with VictimAccessSet; and minutes to replicate the price calculations using AccountAccessSet. See the included README.md files and Python scripts.

We choose to represent each victim by a single JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) data file. Data sources provide sets of victim JSON data files from which we've extracted the essential information and omitted Personally Identifiable Information (PII). We collected, curated, and modelled three datasets, which we publish under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

1. MalwareInfectionSet
We discover (and, to the best of our knowledge, document scientifically for the first time) that malware networks appear to dump their data collections online. We collected these infostealer malware logs available for free. We utilise 245 malware log dumps from 2019 and 2020 originating from 14 malware networks. The dataset contains 1.8 million victim files, with a dataset size of 15 GB.

2. VictimAccessSet
We demonstrate how Infostealer malware networks sell access to infected victims. Genesis Market focuses on user-friendliness and continuous supply of compromised data. Marketplace listings include everything necessary to gain access to the victim's online accounts, including passwords and usernames, but also detailed collection of information which provides a clone of the victim's browser session. Indeed, Genesis Market simplifies the import of compromised victim authentication data into a web browser session. We measure the prices on Genesis Market and how compromised device prices are determined. We crawled the website between April 2019 and May 2022, collecting the web pages offering the resources for sale. The dataset contains 0.5 million victim files, with a dataset size of 3.5 GB.

3. AccountAccessSet
The Database marketplace operates inside the anonymous Tor network. Vendors offer their goods for sale, and customers can purchase them with Bitcoins. The marketplace sells online accounts, such as PayPal and Spotify, as well as private datasets, such as driver's licence photographs and tax forms. We then collect data from Database Market, where vendors sell online credentials, and investigate similarly. To build our dataset, we crawled the website between November 2021 and June 2022, collecting the web pages offering the credentials for sale. The dataset contains 33,896 victim files, with a dataset size of 400 MB.

Credits Authors

• Billy Bob Brumley (Tampere University, Tampere, Finland)
• Juha Nurmi (Tampere University, Tampere, Finland)
• Mikko Niemelä (Cyber Intelligence House, Singapore)

Funding

This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under project numbers 804476 (SCARE) and 952622 (SPIRS).

Alternative links to download: AccountAccessSet, MalwareInfectionSet, and VictimAccessSet.

Introducing the Hacker News Top Stories Cumulative Dataset, a meticulously curated collection of top-ranked articles from the Hacker News community. This dataset offers a comprehensive view of the most discussed and impactful stories, making it an invaluable resource for researchers, data scientists, and enthusiasts interested in analyzing trends in technology, startups, and digital culture.

Key Features:

Comprehensive Coverage: Aggregates top stories over time, providing a historical perspective on trending topics and discussions within the tech community.

Rich Metadata: Each entry includes detailed information such as the story title, URL, author, publication date, score, number of comments, and the date it was featured as a top story.

Consistent Updates: The dataset is updated daily, ensuring users have access to the latest information and trends.

Potential Use Cases:

Trend Analysis: Identify and analyze emerging topics and shifts in the tech industry over time.

Sentiment Analysis: Examine community reactions and sentiments towards specific events or announcements.

Content Recommendation Systems: Develop algorithms to recommend articles based on popularity and user engagement metrics.

Sociological Research: Study the dynamics of online communities and the dissemination of information.

Data Structure:

The dataset is presented in CSV format with the following columns:

story_id: Unique identifier for each story. title: The headline of the story. url: Direct link to the content. author: Username of the individual who submitted the story. created_at: Timestamp of when the story was published. points: Score indicating the story's popularity. num_comments: Number of comments the story received. scrape_date: Date when the story was added to the dataset. Data Source:

All data is sourced from the Hacker News API, ensuring accuracy and reliability.

Licensing and Usage:

This dataset is released under the CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication, allowing for unrestricted use in both commercial and non-commercial projects.

Get Started:

To access the dataset and explore its potential applications, visit the Hacker News Top Stories Cumulative Dataset.

Stay ahead of the curve by leveraging this dataset to gain insights into the ever-evolving landscape of technology and innovation.

To determine the effectiveness of any defense mechanism, there is a need for comprehensive real-time network data that solely references various attack scenarios based on older software versions or unprotected ports, and so on. This presented dataset has entire network data at the time of several cyber attacks to enable experimentation on challenges based on implementing defense mechanisms on a larger scale. For collecting the data, we captured the network traffic of configured virtual machines using Wireshark and tcpdump. To analyze the impact of several cyber attack scenarios, this dataset presents a set of ten computers connected to Router1 on VLAN1 in a Docker Bridge network, that try and exploit each other. It includes browsing the web and downloading foreign packages including malicious ones. Also, services like FTP and SSH were exploited using several attack mechanisms. The presented dataset shows the importance of updating and patching systems to protect themselves to a greater extent, by following attack tactics on older versions of packages as compared to the newer and updated ones. This dataset also includes an Apache Server hosted on the different subset on VLAN2 which is connected to the VLAN1 to demonstrate isolation and cross-VLAN communication. The services on this web server were also exploited by the previously stated ten computers. The attack types include: Distributed Denial of Service, SQL Injection, Account Takeover, Service Exploitation (SSH, FTP), DNS and ARP Spoofing, Scanning and Firewall Searching and Indexing (using Nmap), Hammering the services to brute-force passwords and usernames, Malware attack, Spoofing and Man-in-the-Middle Attack. The attack scenarios also show various scanning mechanisms and the impact of Insider Threats on the entire network.

In 2021, more than ** percent of Poles stated that in the event of a hacking attack on a computer or phone, one should change the password on those devices. In contrast, more than ** percent of respondents indicated that you should install anti-virus software.

Each row in the dataset represents a specific data breach incident. Here's an explanation of the columns in the dataset:

Number: An identifier for each data breach incident.

Name_of_Covered_Entity: The name of the organization or entity that experienced the data breach.

Business_Associate_Involved: Information about whether a business associate was involved in the breach.

Total_Individuals: The total number of individuals affected by the breach.

Individuals_Affected: The number of individuals whose information was compromised.

Type_of_Breach: The method or nature of the data breach (e.g., theft, loss, hacking/IT incident, unauthorized access/disclosure).

Location_of_Breached_Information: The location or type of device where the breached information was stored (e.g., laptop, desktop computer, network server).

Breach_Start: The start date of the data breach.

Breach_End: The end date of the data breach.

Branch: A categorical identifier, possibly indicating a specific branch or division of the organization.

Department: A categorical identifier, possibly indicating a specific department within the organization.

CountryBranch: The country associated with the branch.

Employee(who find out breach): The employee who discovered the breach.

Employee URL: A URL link associated with the employee who discovered the breach.

Estimate Stole Data(GB): An estimate of the amount of data stolen in gigabytes.

Market Summary of Cloud Security Market:

• The Global Cloud Security market size in 2023 was XX Million. The Cloud Security Industry's compound annual growth rate (CAGR) was XX% from 2024 to 2031. • The market for cloud security is growing because of the emergence of DevSecOps and Data breaches. • The adoption of these solutions by businesses, particularly small and medium-sized businesses, has been greatly hampered by their high cost. • The AI and data analytics capabilities of the cloud are being heavily utilized by telcos. Operating in extremely dynamic and complicated IT environments with a multitude of software, networks, and devices is what has contributed to the expansion of the IT & telecom market. • North America is expected to have the largest market share in the cloud security market

Market Dynamics of Cloud Security Market:

Key drivers of Cloud Security Market

Data breaches and cyberattacks are driving the cloud security market's rapid growth.

Due to digitalization and technological advancements, the use of the Internet is increasing in all sectors. As the use of the Internet increases, the chances of cyber-attacks increase. There is a large scale of cyberattacks that is causing the loss of private, business, and governmental data all around the world when individuals utilize the Internet to conduct focused, politically driven attacks against cloud IT infrastructure. A cyberattack that targets off-site service platforms that use their cloud architecture to provide computing, storage, or hosting services might be categorized as a cloud cyberattack. This can involve assaults on service platforms that make use of SaaS(software as a service), IaaS (infrastructure as a service), and PaaS (platform as a service) service delivery paradigms. For Example, In March 2020, a cloud cyber assault targeted the adult live-streaming website CAM4, exposing 10.8 billion confidential entries totaling 7 TB of data. Location information, email addresses, IP addresses, payment logs, usernames, and more were all included in the compromised database. (Source:https://cisomag.com/adult-website-data-leak/) The growing number of organizational data breaches and leaks is driving the cloud security market. Data in the cloud is more vulnerable to hackers than data on corporate computers. For Instance, Microsoft revealed in 2020, that in December 2019 breach in one of their cloud databases exposed 250 million entries, including IP addresses, email addresses, and support case information. The computer giant claims that a poorly designed network server that was storing the important data was the root cause of this data breach. Despite not being the largest, the high-profile target made it one of the most startling clouds cyberattacks. (Source:https://www.forbes.com/sites/daveywinder/2020/01/22/microsoft-security-shocker-as-250-million-customer-records-exposed-online/?sh=693f59f04d1b)Thus, The cloud service model enhances the dangers and security challenges associated with cloud computing systems by exposing information and offering customers a variety of services. Data loss in cloud computing is a basic security issue. Hackers from both inside and external staff may gain unauthorized or purposeful access to the data. Such setups can be targets for external hackers who utilize hacking tactics like eavesdropping and hijacking to get access to databases. Additionally, malicious programs like Trojan horses which are a kind of malicious software that infiltrates a computer under the guise of an authentic application, and viruses are added to cloud services. Therefore, to put in place a system with stronger security features, it is vital to detect potential cloud risks and protect against such breaches with good cloud security.

The market for cloud security is growing because of the emergence of DevSecOps.

As more businesses shift their apps and IT infrastructure to the cloud, cloud security is becoming more and more crucial. DevSecOps which is development, security, and operation automation is becoming popular among many enterprises as a means of guaranteeing the best possible cloud security. DevSecOps automation incorporates security into every phase of the development lifecycle, from code generation to deployment and maintenance. DevSecOps helps many...

As per Cognitive Market Research's latest published report, the Global Cyber Security market size was $154.80 Billion in 2022 and it is forecasted to reach $353.15 Billion by 2030. Cyber Security Industry's Compound Annual Growth Rate will be 10.8% from 2023 to 2030. Market Dynamics of Cyber Security Market:

Increased target based cyber-attacks:

Every year, cybercrime dramatically rises as attackers become more proficient and sophisticated. In target-based cyberattacks, hackers or attackers focus on a single organisation because they have a particular business interest. Putting the attack together could take months so they can figure out the best way to get their exploit into your systems (or users). Because it has been precisely designed to attack your systems, processes, or persons, at the office and often at home, a targeted attack is frequently more harmful than an untargeted one. In addition to having an impact on the organization's and business's finances, cybersecurity also makes businesses more vulnerable and uncertain.

Cyberattacks can potentially harm a company's reputation, especially if private customer information is taken. The established customer trust may suffer as a result of cyberattacks. This breach of trust may be challenging to repair and may have long-term effects on the company. The activities of a company are also disrupted by these attacks, making it difficult or impossible to access vital systems or data. This might cause delays in manufacturing, disrupt customer service, and result in lost income. Businesses may occasionally have to stop operating completely until the attack is stopped, which will have a greater financial impact.

Growing need for automated cybersecurity due to the increased use of IoT devices.

Restraining Factor:

Budget restrictions and a lack of specialists among SME's:

Cybersecurity is crucial prat of any organization as it protects against unwanted access, theft, and damage to critical data and computer systems. Cyber-attacks are growing more prevalent in today's digital environment, and they could have very negative effects. Due to the complexity of technology, many organisations, especially SME's, cannot afford cybersecurity despite its necessity. Cybersecurity can be complicated and calls for knowledge in fields like software development, network security, and cryptography. The cost of acquiring and maintaining this expertise might be high. In addition, considering the consistently evolving cyber threats, the updating of cybersecurity measures is necessary. This requires ongoing investment in technology, personnel, and training. Therefore, budget restrictions coupled with expensive tools and software’s and a lack of specialists in SME's might affect the growth of the cyber security market.

Current Trends on Cyber Security:

Rising e-commerce platforms and online shopping:

Rising disposable income coupled with high penetration of internet and smartphone expected to drive the e-commerce market and online shopping. Online shopping is incredibly convenient for consumers as they can shop from the comfort of their homes or on-the-go using their smartphones or tablets. This is especially true during the COVID-19 pandemic when physical stores are closed or people prefer to avoid crowded places. In addition, online retailers can offer lower prices compared to physical stores due to lower overhead costs. Moreover, E-commerce platforms are open 24/7, which allows customers to shop at any time that is convenient for them. With advances in technology, e-commerce platforms have improved their shipping and delivery options. Overall, rising e-commerce platforms and online shopping provides new opportunities to cyber security market.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on Cyber Security Market:

With the widespread shift to remote work and online services, there has been a surge in cyber-attacks, making cyber security more important in COVID-19 pandemic. Organizations are investing in cyber security solutions to safeguard their systems and data as a result of the rise in cyberattacks brought on by the epidemic. The need for cyber security goods and services has increased as a result. Budget restrictions, especially for SME's, have been brought on by the economic burden of the epidemic on many organisations. Cost-effective cyber security solutions are now receiving more attention as a result of this. The CO...

As of October 2023, around ** percent of respondents in Czechia had an antivirus installed on their computer for cyber security purposes, while **** percent believed the operating system secured their computer well enough.

Throughout the first quarter of 2020, as the COVID-19 pandemic progressed, nearly ************* cyberattacks took place in Latin America and the Caribbean. In ********** alone, the incidence of computer viruses in the region increased by *** percent compared to **********. Later on, in **********, the web traffic increased in multiple Latin American countries.

Discover the booming computer privacy film market! Learn about its $1.5B valuation, 8% CAGR, key drivers, restraints, and leading players like 3M and Targus. Explore regional market share & future growth projections in this comprehensive market analysis.

This data set contains Android apps collected from Google play and promised repositories.

The dataset contains year-, state- and city-wise historically compiled data on the number of cyber crimes committed in violation of Information Technology Act (IT Act) in Indian cities with over one million population. The different types of cyber crimes covered in the dataset include Tampering Computer Source documents, Cyber Terrorism, Publication or transmission of obscene or sexually explicit act in electronic form, Interception or Monitoring or decryption of Information, Unauthorized access or attempt to access to protected computer system, Abetment to Commit Offences, Publication or Transmission of Obscene or Sexually Explicit Act, etc. in Electronic Form, Breach of Confidentiality or Privacy and Disclosure of Information in Breach of Lawful Contract , Hacking, Obscene Publication or Transmission in Electronic Form, Failure in Obtaining Licence or Digital Signature by misrepresentation or suppression of fact, Publishing false digital Signature Certificate, Fraud Digital Signature, Breach of confidentiality or privacy, other computer related offences such as Ransomware, Offences other than Ransomware, Dishonestly receiving stolen computer resource or communication device, Identity Theft, Cheating by personation by using computer resource, Violation of Privacy, Failure Of compliance or orders of certifying Authority, To assist to decoy or the information in interception by Government Agency, Hacking crimes such as Loss or damage to computer resource or utility, Publication or transmission of Obscene or Sexually Explicit Act in Electronic Form involving Children and Adults, etc

In 2024, the most common type of cybercrime reported to the United States internet Crime Complaint Center was phishing, with its variation, spoofing, affecting approximately 193,000 individuals. In addition, over 86,000 cases of extortion were reported to the IC3 during that year. Dynamic of phishing attacks Over the past few years, phishing attacks have increased significantly. In 2024, over 193,000 individuals fell victim to such attacks. The highest number of phishing scam victims since 2018 was recorded in 2021, approximately 324 thousand.Phishing attacks can take many shapes. Bulk phishing, smishing, and business e-mail compromise (BEC) are the most common types. With the recent development of generative AI, it has become easier to craft a believable phishing e-mail. This is currently among the top concerns of organizations leaders. Impact of phishing attacks Among the most targeted industries by cybercriminals are healthcare, financial, manufacturing, and education institutions. An observation carried out in the fourth quarter of 2024 found that software-as-a-service (SaaS) and webmail was most likely to encounter phishing attacks. According to the reports, almost a quarter of them stated being targeted by a phishing scam in the measured period.

The privacy filters market is experiencing robust growth, projected to reach $1.22 billion in 2025 and maintain a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 12.96% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is fueled by several key factors. Increased concerns about data breaches and visual hacking, particularly in corporate and personal settings, are driving demand for privacy filters. The rising adoption of laptops, tablets, and smartphones across various sectors, coupled with the increasing prevalence of remote work and public Wi-Fi usage, significantly contributes to market growth. Furthermore, advancements in filter technology, offering enhanced privacy features like anti-glare and blue light reduction, are attracting a wider consumer base. The market is segmented by product type (e.g., screen protectors, privacy films), application (e.g., laptops, desktops, smartphones), and end-user (e.g., corporate, individual). Major players like 3M, Dell, and Kensington are actively shaping market dynamics through product innovation and strategic partnerships. Competitive pricing strategies and increasing awareness campaigns further contribute to market penetration. The continued growth of the privacy filters market is expected to be driven by the growing adoption of advanced technologies offering more sophisticated features. The focus on enhancing cybersecurity and data protection within organizations will fuel demand, particularly in sectors like finance and healthcare. Government regulations aimed at protecting sensitive data will further stimulate the market. However, potential restraints include the relatively high cost of premium privacy filters compared to standard screen protectors and the challenge of balancing privacy with screen visibility and clarity. Despite these factors, the market's strong growth trajectory is expected to continue, propelled by increasing digitalization and a heightened awareness of data privacy and security. Key drivers for this market are: Optical Comfort and Device Protection, Rising Data Privacy and Security Concerns. Potential restraints include: Lack of Awareness about the Privacy Filters among the Users. Notable trends are: Financial Institutions to Hold Major Share.

This paper comprehensively analyzes the Pegasus spyware and its implications for digital privacy and security. The Israeli cyber intelligence company NSO Group's Pegasus has gained recognition as a potent surveillance tool capable of hacking into smartphones and extracting data without the user's knowledge [49], [50]. The research emphasizes the technical aspects of this spyware, its deployment methods, and the controversies surrounding its use. The research also emphasizes the growing worries surrounding digital privacy and security as a result of the prevalent use of advanced spyware. By delving into legal, ethical, and policy issues, the objective of this study is to deliver a holistic understanding of the challenges posed by Pegasus and similar spyware tools. Through a comprehensive examination of the subject, the paper presents potential solutions to mitigate the threats and protect users from invasive surveillance techniques.

PhiUSIIL Phishing URL Dataset is a substantial dataset comprising 134,850 legitimate and 100,945 phishing URLs. Most of the URLs we analyzed while constructing the dataset are the latest URLs. Features are extracted from the source code of the webpage and URL. Features such as CharContinuationRate, URLTitleMatchScore, URLCharProb, and TLDLegitimateProb are derived from existing features.

Citation: Prasad, A., & Chandra, S. (2023). PhiUSIIL: A diverse security profile empowered phishing URL detection framework based on similarity index and incremental learning. Computers & Security, 103545. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2023.103545

Data file used for analysis in the article titled: Why do Hackers do it? The Taxonomical Classification of Intruders into Computer Systems According to Motivation