The four firm concentration ratio (CR4) is a measure of market concentration which is calculated by adding the market share of the four largest firms in a given industry. A CR4 number of higher than 50 percent is generally considered to be a concentrated market, with numbers ranging above 75 percent considered to be oligopolistic. In 2017, the United States had two industries where four or fewer firms completely controlled the market, namely Secondary Market Financing and Other Depository Credit Intermediation. Other notable concentrated industries included Tobacco Manufacturing (dominated by Philip Morris International, Altria Group and British American Tobacco) and Aircraft Manufacturing (dominated by Boeing and Airbus).

Concentration statistics summarize the size distribution of units within an industry. Numerous measures have been used for various purposes. These tables present data for the two most common: concentration ratios (CR) and Herfindahl indexes (HI). The CR and HI emphasize different aspects of the size distribution. The CR measures the importance of the largest enterprises directly while the Herfindahl index takes the entire size distribution of enterprises into account. These statistics are classified by the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). The information source was the Annual Survey of Manufactures.

The four firm concentration ratio (CR4) measures the market share of the four largest firms in an industry. Between 2002 and 2017, the industry in the United States which experienced the greatest increase in CR4 was Third Party Administration of Insurance and Pension Funds (+64 percent), followed by Taxi Services (+60 percent) and Residential Electrical Lighting Fixture Manufacturing (+40.8 percent). Concentration ratios of 50 percent and above are considered to be uncompetitive or oligopolistic markets.

There are five datasets in this collection. 1947: contains concentration ratios and value of shipments for 454 4-digit census manufacturing industries. Each record is associated with a particular SIC. There is one record per industry. The source for the 1947 data is Study of Monopoly Power. hearings before the Subcommittee on Study of Monopoly Power of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, Eighty-first Congress, first session, Serial No. 14, Part 2-B, Table 1. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1950: 1437-1453. 1954: contains concentration ratios and value of shipments for 447 4-digit census manufacturing industries. Each record is associated with a particular SIC. There is one record per industry. The source for the 1954 data is The Proportion of the Shipments (or Employees) of Each Industry, or the Shipments of each Group of Products Accounted for by the Largest Companies as Reported in the 1954 Census of Manufactures. Prepared at the request of the Subcommittee on Antitrust and Monopoly of the Senate Judiciary Committee. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, July 1957. Table 6. 1958: contains concentration ratios and value of shipments for 446 4-digit census manufacturing industries. Each record is associated with a particular SIC. There is one record per industry. The source for the 1958 data is Concentration Ratios in Manufacturing Industry, 1958, 87th Congress, second session, Committee print, Report prepared by the Bureau of the Census for the Subcommittee of Antitrust and Monopoly of the Committee on the Judiciary, Part 1. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1962: Table 2. 1970: contains 4-firm and 8 firm concentration ratios for 413 4-digit census manufacturing industries in 1970. Each record is uniquely associated with a particular SIC. There is one record per industry. The source for the 1970 data is the Annual Survey of Manufactures: 1970, Value of Shipment Concentration Ratios. M70(AS)-9, U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1972.

(StatCan Product) Customization details: This information product has been customized to present information on concentration ratios in the manufacturing industries by 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6 digit NAICS codes for Alberta as a whole. Other variables presented include: Number of establishments, Revenue from goods manufactured and Leading Enterprises. Annual Survey of Manufactures and Logging The Annual Survey of Manufactures and Logging (ASML) is a survey of the manufacturing and logging industries in Canada. It is intended to cover all establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing and logging activities, as well as the sales offices and warehouses which support these establishments. The details collected include principal industrial statistics (such as revenue, employment, salaries and wages, cost of materials and supplies used, cost of energy and water utility, inventories, etc.), as well as information about the commodities produced and consumed. Data collected by the Annual Survey of Manufactures and Logging are important because they help measure the production of Canada's industrial and primary resource sectors, as well as provide an indication of the well-being of each industry covered by the survey and its contribution to the Canadian economy. Within Statistics Canada, the data are used by the Canadian System of National Accounts, the Monthly Survey of Manufacturing (record number 2101) and Prices programs. The data are also used by the business community, trade associations, federal and provincial departments, as well as international organizations and associations to profile the manufacturing and logging industries, undertake market studies, forecast demand and develop trade and tariff policies.

There are three sections of this data. The first covers data from 1958-1971, the second contains data for 1972-1976, and the third is a combination of 1958-1976. 1958-1971: contains establishment statistics and industry structure data for 421 4-digit census manufacturing industries. All are SIC industries in the 2000 to 4000 range, with the exception of 6 "ordnance accessories" industries (SIC 1900's). Also, SIC 9999 is included as the last SIC. Industry definitions are based on the 1967 SIC. There are 15 records per industry for a total of 6315 records. 1972-1976: This file contains establishment statistics and industry structure data for 450 4-digit census manufacturing industries. Establishment data is from Industry Profiles. Industry structure data is from the Census of Manufactures: 1972 Special Report, Concentration Ratios in Manufacturing. Industry definitions are based on the 1972 SIC definitions. There is one record per industry. 1958-1976: A combination of the two datasets described above, organized to provide a time series for as many industries (343) as it was possible to maintain a complete and accurate data over time. There is one record for each industry,

..Table Name.Manufacturing: Subject Series: Concentration Ratios: Share of Value of Shipments Accounted for by the 4, 8, 20, and 50 Largest Companies for Industries: 2012....ReleaseSchedule.Data are scheduled to be released in August 2015.....Universe.The universe includes all manufacturing establishments classified in sectors 31-33 with one or more paid employee at any time during the year.....GeographyCoverage.Data are shown at the U.S. level.....IndustryCoverage.Data are shown at the three- through six-digit North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) levels.....Data ItemsandOtherIdentifyingRecords.This file contains data on:... Number of companies.Total value of shipments and receipts for services ($1,000).Percent of total value of shipments and receipts for services (%).Percent of value of shipments and receipts for services by the Herfindahl-Hirschman index for the 50 largest companies (%)..Data are also identified by company size......Sort Order.Data are presented in ascending NAICS code sequence.....Related Data Files.Data supersede those released in the Industry Series and Geographic Area Series files...FTP Download.Download the entire table at https://www2.census.gov/econ2012/EC/sector31/EC1231SR2.zip....ContactInformation. U.S. Census Bureau, Economy Wide Statistics Division. Data User Outreach and Education Staff. Washington, DC 20233-6900. Tel: (800) 242-2184. Tel: (301) 763-5154. ewd.outreach@census.gov. . .For information on economic census geographies, including changes for 2012, see the economic census Help Center..Data based on the 2012 Economic Census. For information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, and definitions, see Methodology. Data in this file represent those available when this file was created; data may not be available for all NAICS industries or geographies. Data in this table may be subject to employment- and/or sales-size minimums that vary by industry..Symbols:D - Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual companies; data are included in higher level totalsN - Not available or not comparableFor a complete list of all economic programs symbols, see the Symbols Glossary.Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2012 Economic Census.Note: The data in this file are based on the 2012 Economic Census. To maintain confidentiality, the U.S. Census Bureau suppresses data to protect the identity of any business or individual. The census results in this file contain nonsampling error. Data users who create their own estimates using data from this file should cite the U.S. Census Bureau as the source of the original data only. For the full technical documentation, see Methodology link in above headnote.

In 2023, the leading 50 retail companies in Hong Kong took up half of its retail market. The retail industry included products such as food, beverages, tobacco, fuel, clothing, and transport equipment.

As of 2020, China's five largest snack manufacturers accounted for approximately 23 percent of the total market, down from 24.6 percent in 2019. The snack food market in China is relatively diverse and competitive.

In 2022, China's two largest furniture manufacturers only took up around five percent of the country's furniture market. On the other hand, the market share of the six leading companies amounted to about 10.6 percent. China's furniture market is highly competitive.

The three most concentrated industries in the U.S. as of 2017, in terms of the market share controlled by the top four firms in the industry, were information services, transportation and warehousing, and the utilities sector. Despite fears of growing market concentration in the U.S., none of these industries have a market share for their top four firms of greater than 30 percent. Industries which benefit from economies of scale and network effects tend to be the most concentrated in terms of market share, while industries which are more localized such as construction or accommodation and food services come towards the bottom of the list.

Key Statistics on Business Performance and Operating Characteristics of the Import/Export, Wholesale and Retail Trades, and Accommodation and Food Services Sectors - Table 660-76041 : Concentration Ratios by Selected Industry Grouping

The concentration ratio of China's baijiu industry has increased steadily in the past years. In 2023, the five largest baijiu manufacturers contributed around 43.5 percent of the total sales of baijiu, growing from 42.1 percent in 2022. Kweichow Moutai and Wuliangye were the two leading Chinese baijiu producers.

Abstract

The manufacturing production and price indices include only the domestic manufacturing products. The present manufacturing production index is based on census of manufacturing establishments (CME) 2006/07. The both indices cover 23-three-digit NSIC groups and 44 commodities. The selected commodities for the index are updated at the interval of each five years. The revision is based on the census of manufacturing establishments, to be conducted quinquinnial.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Industry and Industry Group

Universe

Manufacturing establishments engaging 10 or more persons in the country.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sample design for the present quarterly survey of manufacturing production and price indices are based on the census value added provided by the CME 2006/07.

Selection of four-digit NSIC industry group: All the four-digit NSIC industry groups contributing 0.5 percent or more to the total census value added are included in the frame. Accordingly, 23 four-digit NSIC industry groups are selected.

Selection of the manufacturing establishments: Selection of the manufacturing establishments within the each selected four-digit NSIC industry group has been categorized in two ways. In one hand, only five largest establishments are selected with certainty that have concentration ratio 80% or more within the same industry group. On the other hand, for those having concentration ratio less than 80%, the five largest establishments with certainty as well as the other sampled establishments are selected for the sample depending upon share of concentration ratio occupied by them. The selection is based on the probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling technique.

Selection of the commodities: The commodities are selected within each four-digit NSIC industry group on the basis of the share to the total value of shipment as provided by manufacturing census 2006/07. As per this criterion 44 manufacturing commodities are selected under the 23 four-digit NSIC industry group.

Sampling deviation

Minor deviation is due to instability of some of the sampled establishments

Mode of data collection

Both self-administered and Face-to-face

Cleaning operations

Spot checking, checking of the completeness, gaps and omissions in the data at BSO level as well as consistency checking within data sets and across data sets were performed.

Response rate

Approximaterly 85 percent

Data appraisal

Cross-checking within and across data sets as well as with previous data sets were done regularly within the Industry and Industry Group.

Release Date: 2015-02-27...Table Name.Island Areas: Industry Series: Share of Value of Shipments by Manufacturing Industry Accounted for by the 4, 8, 20, and 50 Largest Establishments for Puerto Rico: 2012.....Key Table Information.Refer to Methodology for additional information......Universe.The universe includes all establishments with payroll at any time during 2012, and classified in NAICS sectors 31-33. Data for 2012 are based on the 2012 NAICS Manual......Geography Coverage.The data are shown at the state-equivalent (ST) level for Puerto Rico......Industry Coverage.The data are shown at 2- and 3- digit NAICS code levels.......Data Items and Other Identifying Records.This file contains data on:. . Number of establishments. Value of shipments. Percent of total value of shipments. Percent of value of shipments, Herfindahl-Hirschman index for 50 largest establishments. .The data are shown for the 4, 8, 20, and 50 establishments that accounted for the largest share of value of shipments......Sort Order.Data are presented in ascending NAICS code by concentration ratio sequence......FTP Download.Download the entire table athttps://www2.census.gov/econ2012/IA/sector00/IA1200IPRM08.zip....Contact Information.U.S. Census Bureau, Economy-Wide Statistics Division.Island Areas and Business Owners Branch.Tel: (301)763-3314.csd.ia@census.gov...Note: Data for 2012 are based on the 2012 NAICS..Note: Includes only establishments with payroll. Data based on the 2012 Economic Census of Island Areas. Figures may not add to total due to rounding. For information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, and definitions, see Methodology..Symbols:D - Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual companies; data are included in higher level totalsN - Not available or not comparableFor a complete list of all economic programs symbols, see the Symbols Glossary.Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2012 Economic Census of Island Areas.Note: The data in this file are based on the 2012 Economic Census of Island Areas. To maintain confidentiality, the U.S. Census Bureau suppresses data to protect the identity of any business or individual. The census results in this file contain sampling and nonsampling error. Data users who create their own estimates using data from this file should cite the U.S. Census Bureau as the source of the original data only. For the full technical documentation, see Methodology link in above headnote.

In 2020, the leading 10 import and export companies in Hong Kong took up 13 percent of the market. Comparatively, the leading 50 export and import companies in Hong Kong made up 24 percent of the market that year. A greater CR value indicates higher concentration in a particular sector.

The share of total assets of the five largest credit institutions in Ireland increased overall between 2007 and 2023, despite some fluctuation. The concentration ratio, a measure of the percentage market share in an industry held by the largest firms within that industry, was just over 69 percent in 2023.

Spatially resolved emission inventories were used with an atmospheric dispersion model to predict ambient concentrations of methane, ethane, and propane in the Eagle Ford oil and gas production region in south central Texas; predicted concentrations were compared to ground level observations. Using a base case inventory, predicted median propane/ethane concentration ratios were 106% higher (95% CI: 83% higher–226% higher) than observations, while median ethane/methane concentration ratios were 112% higher (95% CI: 17% higher–228% higher) than observations. Predicted median propane and ethane concentrations were factors of 6.9 (95% CI: 3–15.2) and 3.4 (95% CI: 1.4–9) larger than observations, respectively. Predicted median methane concentrations were 7% higher (95% CI: 39% lower–37% higher) than observations. These comparisons indicate that sources of emissions with high propane/ethane ratios (condensate tank flashing) were likely overestimated in the inventories. Because sources of propane and ethane emissions are also sources of methane emissions, the results also suggest that sources of emissions with low ethane/methane ratios (midstream sources) were underestimated. This analysis demonstrates the value of using multiple light alkanes in attributing sources of methane emissions and evaluating the performance of methane emission inventories for oil and natural gas production regions.

The share of total assets of the five largest credit institutions in the Netherlands increased overall between 1997 and 2022, despite some fluctuation. The concentration ratio, a measure of the percentage market share in an industry held by the largest firms within that industry, was 82.5 percent in 2022.Banking is an important service industry in the Netherlands, responsible for the funding of both international and domestic trade. In the period between 2008 and 2023, the total number of banks in the Netherlands decreased from 312 banks in 2008 to 84 banks in 2023. In this period of time, the size of the banking sector as a whole in the Netherlands decreased.

ABSTRACT This papaer analyzed the global MDF production and its concentration degree between 1995 and 2016. In order to measure and analyze this concentration, we used the Concentration Ratio [CR(k)], the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), Theil Entropy Index (E), Hall and Tideman Index (HTI), the Comprehensive Concentration Index (CCI), and the Gini Index (G). Global MDF production grew 12.81% p.a. from 1995 to 2016, reaching 99 million m3 at the end of the time series. China took over the hegemony in 2001 and arrived in 2016 with about 60% of the world’s MDF supply. The CR(k) of the global MDF production inferred a high concentration, mainly in the CR(4) from 2009. The CR(8) remained with a moderately high average concentration. During this period more than 90% of the offer was retained in the CR(20). The HHI, E and HTI indices corroborate that there is high concentration in global MDF production, as well as the CCI in the studied period. The inequality indicated by G also presented increasing behavior and was classified as strong and very strong. The concentration indicators were efficient in evaluating the concentration degree of the world MDF supply.