There are 435 members of the House of Representatives in any congressional sitting. In the 118th Congress which began in January 2023, there were 58 Black members, 16 Asian American members, 54 Hispanic members.

There are 100 Senators that serve in the United States Congress at any given time - two from each of the fifty states. As of the first day of the 118th Congress, there were three African American Senators, two Asian American Senators, and six Hispanic Senators.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the population of Congress by gender, including both male and female populations. This dataset can be utilized to understand the population distribution of Congress across both sexes and to determine which sex constitutes the majority.

Key observations

There is a considerable majority of female population, with 66.28% of total population being female. Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Scope of gender :

Please note that American Community Survey asks a question about the respondents current sex, but not about gender, sexual orientation, or sex at birth. The question is intended to capture data for biological sex, not gender. Respondents are supposed to respond with the answer as either of Male or Female. Our research and this dataset mirrors the data reported as Male and Female for gender distribution analysis. No further analysis is done on the data reported from the Census Bureau.

Variables / Data Columns

• Gender: This column displays the Gender (Male / Female)
• Population: The population of the gender in the Congress is shown in this column.
• % of Total Population: This column displays the percentage distribution of each gender as a proportion of Congress total population. Please note that the sum of all percentages may not equal one due to rounding of values.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Congress Population by Race & Ethnicity. You can refer the same here

In The Paradox of Representation David Lublin offers an unprecedented analysis of a vast range of rigorous, empirical evidence that exposes the central paradox of racial representation: Racial redistricting remains vital to the election of African Americans and Latinos but makes Congress less likely to adopt policies favored by blacks. Lublin's evidence, together with policy recommendations for improving minority representation, will make observers of the political scene reconsider the avenues to fair representation. Using data on all representatives elected to Congress between 1972 and 1994, Lublin examines the link between the racial composition of a congressional district and its representative's race as well as ideology. The author confirms the view that specially drawn districts must exist to ensure the election of African Americans and Latinos. He also shows, however, that a relatively small number of minorities in a district can lead to the election of a representative attentive to their interests . When African Americans and Latinos make up 40 percent of a district, according to Lublin's findings, they have a strong liberalizing influence on representatives of both parties; when they make up 55 percent, the district is almost certain to elect a minority representative. Lublin notes that particularly in the South, the practice of concentrating minority populations into a small number of districts decreases the liberal influence in the remaining areas. Thus, a handful of minority representatives, almost invariably Democrats, win elections, but so do a greater number of conservative Republicans. The author proposes that establishing a balance between majority-minority districts and districts where the minority population would be slightly more dispersed, maki ng up 40 percent of a total district, would allow more African Americans to exercise more influence over their representatives.

In 2025, there were 125 women serving in the U.S. House of Representatives. Of those, 27 identify as black, and an additional 18 identify as Latina.

This layer was developed by the Research & Analytics Group of the Atlanta Regional Commission, using data from the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey 5-year estimates for 2013-2017, to show numbers and percentages for occupation, household income, and commuting pattern by race and by US Congress in the Atlanta region.

The user should note that American Community Survey data represent estimates derived from a surveyed sample of the population, which creates some level of uncertainty, as opposed to an exact measure of the entire population (the full census count is only conducted once every 10 years and does not cover as many detailed characteristics of the population). Therefore, any measure reported by ACS should not be taken as an exact number – this is why a corresponding margin of error (MOE) is also given for ACS measures. The size of the MOE relative to its corresponding estimate value provides an indication of confidence in the accuracy of each estimate. Each MOE is expressed in the same units as its corresponding measure; for example, if the estimate value is expressed as a number, then its MOE will also be a number; if the estimate value is expressed as a percent, then its MOE will also be a percent.

The user should also note that for relatively small geographic areas, such as census tracts shown here, ACS only releases combined 5-year estimates, meaning these estimates represent rolling averages of survey results that were collected over a 5-year span (in this case 2013-2017). Therefore, these data do not represent any one specific point in time or even one specific year. For geographic areas with larger populations, 3-year and 1-year estimates are also available.

For further explanation of ACS estimates and margin of error, visit Census ACS website.

Naming conventions:

Prefixes:

None

Count

p

Percent

r

Rate

m

Median

a

Mean (average)

t

Aggregate (total)

ch

Change in absolute terms (value in t2 - value in t1)

pch

Percent change ((value in t2 - value in t1) / value in t1)

chp

Change in percent (percent in t2 - percent in t1)

Suffixes:

None

Change over two periods

_e

Estimate from most recent ACS

_m

Margin of Error from most recent ACS

_00

Decennial 2000

Attributes:

Attributes and definitions available below under "Attributes" section and in Infrastructure Manifest (due to text box constraints, attributes cannot be displayed here).

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Atlanta Regional Commission

Date: 2013-2017

For additional information, please visit the Census ACS website.

This study considers the growing potential of the Internet in United States elections at the sub-presidential level and whether the Internet can be used as an effective tool in campaigns and elections. Internet sites for incumbents, challengers, and third-party candidates were closely examined and compared on several dimensions of quality. Using a sample of sites collected in the 2002 elections, a comprehensive tool was developed to assess Internet quality using both analytical criteria and statistical checks. Five dimensions were examined: content, interactivity, usability, transparency, and audience. This analysis of the 2002 United States election Web sites focuses on the contests for the House of Representatives, the Senate, and for governor in those states with scheduled elections. The dataset includes 111 separate races: 84 for the House, 12 for the Senate and 16 for governor. There are 245 individual House candidates, 62 gubernatorial candidates, and 45 individual Senate candidates. This dataset also explores the relationship between Internet quality and the political and demographic features of a district. Internet quality also is evaluated in relation to other significant resources in a candidate's campaign, e.g., years of service, incumbency, political party, competition, and campaign finance. House races were isolated in order to evaluate the relationship between Internet quality, these significant political resources, and demographic aspects of the districts. Shifting the level of analysis from the candidate to the district examined how short-term elements of campaigns, including a candidate's Web site, interact and correlate with political features of a contest and demographic features of a congressional district.

This layer was developed by the Research & Analytics Group of the Atlanta Regional Commission, using data from the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey 5-year estimates for 2013-2017, to show school enrollment, education attainments, and household composition by race and by US Congressional Districts in Georgia.

The user should note that American Community Survey data represent estimates derived from a surveyed sample of the population, which creates some level of uncertainty, as opposed to an exact measure of the entire population (the full census count is only conducted once every 10 years and does not cover as many detailed characteristics of the population). Therefore, any measure reported by ACS should not be taken as an exact number – this is why a corresponding margin of error (MOE) is also given for ACS measures. The size of the MOE relative to its corresponding estimate value provides an indication of confidence in the accuracy of each estimate. Each MOE is expressed in the same units as its corresponding measure; for example, if the estimate value is expressed as a number, then its MOE will also be a number; if the estimate value is expressed as a percent, then its MOE will also be a percent.

The user should also note that for relatively small geographic areas, such as census tracts shown here, ACS only releases combined 5-year estimates, meaning these estimates represent rolling averages of survey results that were collected over a 5-year span (in this case 2013-2017). Therefore, these data do not represent any one specific point in time or even one specific year. For geographic areas with larger populations, 3-year and 1-year estimates are also available.

For further explanation of ACS estimates and margin of error, visit Census ACS website.

Naming conventions:

Prefixes:

None

Count

p

Percent

r

Rate

m

Median

a

Mean (average)

t

Aggregate (total)

ch

Change in absolute terms (value in t2 - value in t1)

pch

Percent change ((value in t2 - value in t1) / value in t1)

chp

Change in percent (percent in t2 - percent in t1)

Suffixes:

None

Change over two periods

_e

Estimate from most recent ACS

_m

Margin of Error from most recent ACS

_00

Decennial 2000

Attributes:

Attributes and definitions available below under "Attributes" section and in Infrastructure Manifest (due to text box constraints, attributes cannot be displayed here).

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Atlanta Regional Commission

Date: 2013-2017

For additional information, please visit the Census ACS website.

The 118th Congress of the United States began in January 2025. In that year, there were 125 female members in the House of Representatives, and 310 male representatives. A breakdown of women in the House by party can be found here.

The 119th Congress began in January 2025. In this Congress, there were 26 women serving as Senators, and 74 men. The number of women has increased since the 1975 when there were no women in the Senate. The first female Senator was Rebecca Felton of Georgia who was sworn in 1922. A breakdown of women Senators by party can be found here.

This layer was developed by the Research & Analytics Group of the Atlanta Regional Commission, using data from the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey 5-year estimates for 2013-2017, to show numbers and percentages for voting age population by US Congress in the Atlanta region.

The user should note that American Community Survey data represent estimates derived from a surveyed sample of the population, which creates some level of uncertainty, as opposed to an exact measure of the entire population (the full census count is only conducted once every 10 years and does not cover as many detailed characteristics of the population). Therefore, any measure reported by ACS should not be taken as an exact number – this is why a corresponding margin of error (MOE) is also given for ACS measures. The size of the MOE relative to its corresponding estimate value provides an indication of confidence in the accuracy of each estimate. Each MOE is expressed in the same units as its corresponding measure; for example, if the estimate value is expressed as a number, then its MOE will also be a number; if the estimate value is expressed as a percent, then its MOE will also be a percent.

The user should also note that for relatively small geographic areas, such as census tracts shown here, ACS only releases combined 5-year estimates, meaning these estimates represent rolling averages of survey results that were collected over a 5-year span (in this case 2013-2017). Therefore, these data do not represent any one specific point in time or even one specific year. For geographic areas with larger populations, 3-year and 1-year estimates are also available.

For further explanation of ACS estimates and margin of error, visit Census ACS website.

Naming conventions:

Prefixes:

None

Count

p

Percent

r

Rate

m

Median

a

Mean (average)

t

Aggregate (total)

ch

Change in absolute terms (value in t2 - value in t1)

pch

Percent change ((value in t2 - value in t1) / value in t1)

chp

Change in percent (percent in t2 - percent in t1)

Suffixes:

None

Change over two periods

_e

Estimate from most recent ACS

_m

Margin of Error from most recent ACS

_00

Decennial 2000

Attributes:

SumLevel

Summary level of geographic unit (e.g., County, Tract, NSA, NPU, DSNI, SuperDistrict, etc)

GEOID

Census tract Federal Information Processing Series (FIPS) code

NAME

Name of geographic unit

Planning_Region

Planning region designation for ARC purposes

Acres

Total area within the tract (in acres)

SqMi

Total area within the tract (in square miles)

County

County identifier (combination of Federal Information Processing Series (FIPS) codes for state and county)

CountyName

County Name

VotingAgeCitizen_e

# Citizen, 18 and over population, 2017

VotingAgeCitizen_m

# Citizen, 18 and over population, 2017 (MOE)

VotingAgeCitizenMale_e

# Male citizen, 18 and over population, 2017

VotingAgeCitizenMale_m

# Male citizen, 18 and over population, 2017 (MOE)

pVotingAgeCitizenMale_e

% Male citizen, 18 and over population, 2017

pVotingAgeCitizenMale_m

% Male citizen, 18 and over population, 2017 (MOE)

VotingAgeCitizenFemale_e

# Female citizen, 18 and over population, 2017

VotingAgeCitizenFemale_m

# Female citizen, 18 and over population, 2017 (MOE)

pVotingAgeCitizenFemale_e

% Female citizen, 18 and over population, 2017

pVotingAgeCitizenFemale_m

% Female citizen, 18 and over population, 2017 (MOE)

last_edited_date

Last date the feature was edited by ARC

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Atlanta Regional Commission

Date: 2013-2017

For additional information, please visit the Census ACS website.

NOTE: For information on confidentiality protection, nonsampling error, and definitions, see http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/doc/cd113.pdf..Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census..X Not applicable. .[1] Other Asian alone, or two or more Asian categories. .[2] Other Pacific Islander alone, or two or more Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander categories. .[3] One of the four most commonly reported multiple-race combinations nationwide in Census 2000. .[4] In combination with one or more of the other races listed. The six numbers may add to more than the total population, and the six percentages may add to more than 100 percent because individuals may report more than one race. .[5] This category is composed of people whose origins are from the Dominican Republic, Spain, and Spanish-speaking Central or South American countries. It also includes general origin responses such as "Latino" or "Hispanic." .[6] "Spouse" represents spouse of the householder. It does not reflect all spouses in a household. Responses of "same-sex spouse" were edited during processing to "unmarried partner." .[7] "Family households" consist of a householder and one or more other people related to the householder by birth, marriage, or adoption. They do not include same-sex married couples even if the marriage was performed in a state issuing marriage certificates for same-sex couples. Same-sex couple households are included in the family households category if there is at least one additional person related to the householder by birth or adoption. Same-sex couple households with no relatives of the householder present are tabulated in nonfamily households. "Nonfamily households" consist of people living alone and households which do not have any members related to the householder. .[8] The homeowner vacancy rate is the proportion of the homeowner inventory that is vacant "for sale." It is computed by dividing the total number of vacant units "for sale only" by the sum of owner-occupied units, vacant units that are "for sale only," and vacant units that have been sold but not yet occupied; and then multiplying by 100. .[9] The rental vacancy rate is the proportion of the rental inventory that is vacant "for rent." It is computed by dividing the total number of vacant units "for rent" by the sum of the renter-occupied units, vacant units that are "for rent," and vacant units that have been rented but not yet occupied; and then multiplying by 100. . Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Congressional District Summary File (113th Congress), Tables P5, P6, P8, P12, P13, P17, P19, P20, P25, P29, P31, P34, P37, P43, PCT5, PCT8, PCT11, PCT12, PCT19, PCT23, PCT24, H3, H4, H5, H11, H12, and H16.

The United States House of Representatives has 435 members. The number of seats allocated to each state is determined by a state's population. The 119th Congress was sworn-in in January 2025, with the Republicans holding a majority with 220 seats. In this year, the Republican Party was in control of the Senate, House of Representatives, and the Presidency.

US Census American Community Survey (ACS) 2021, 5-year estimates of the key economic characteristics of Congressional Districts (116th US Congress) geographic level in Orange County, California. The data contains 397 fields for the variable groups E01: Employment status (universe: population 16 years and over, table X23, 7 fields); E02: Work status by age of worker (universe: population 16 years and over, table X23, 36 fields); E03: Commuting to work (universe: workers 16 years and over, table X8, 8 fields); E04: Travel time to work (universe: workers 16 years and over who did not work at home, table X8, 14 fields); E05: Number of vehicles available for workers (universe: workers 16 years and over in households, table X8, 8 fields); E06: Median age by means of transportation to work (universe: median age, workers 16 years and over, table X8, 7 fields); E07: Means of transportation to work by race (universe: workers 16 years and over, table X8, 64 fields); E08: Occupation (universe: civilian employed population 16 years and over, table X24, 53 fields); E09: Industry (universe: civilian employed population 16 years and over, table X24, 43 fields); E10: Class of worker (universe: civilian employed population 16 years and over, table X24, 19 fields); E11: Household income and earnings in the past 12 months (universe: total households, table X19, 37 fields); E12: Income and earnings in dollars (universe: inflation-adjusted dollars, tables X19-X20, 31 fields); E13: Family income in dollars (universe: total families, table X19, 17 fields); E14: Health insurance coverage (universe: total families, table X19, 17 fields); E15: Ratio of income to Poverty level (universe: total population for whom Poverty level is determined, table X17, 8 fields); E16: Poverty in population in the past 12 months (universe: total population for whom Poverty level is determined, table X17, 7 fields); E17: Poverty in households in the past 12 months (universe: total households, table X17, 9 fields); E18: Percentage of families and people whose income in the past 12 months is below the poverty level (universe: families, population, table X17, 8 fields), and; X19: Poverty and income deficit (dollars) in the past 12 months for families (universe: families with income below Poverty level in the past 12 months, table X17, 4 fields). The US Census geodemographic data are based on the 2021 TigerLines across multiple geographies. The spatial geographies were merged with ACS data tables. See full documentation at the OCACS project GitHub page (https://github.com/ktalexan/OCACS-Geodemographics).

While the average age of members of Congress in the United States has gradually risen in recent years, this number decreased slightly with the beginning of the 119th Congress in 2025. This Congress first convened on January 3rd, 2025, and will end on January 3, 2027. In this Congress, the average age in the House of Representatives was 57 years, and the average age in the Senate was 64 years.

US Census American Community Survey (ACS) 2020, 5-year estimates of the key housing characteristics of Congressional Districts (116th US Congress) geographic level in Orange County, California. The data contains 406 fields for the variable groups H01: Housing occupancy (universe: total housing units, table X25, 3 fields); H02: Units in structure (universe: total housing units, table X25, 11 fields); H03: Population in occupied housing units by tenure by units in structure (universe: total population in occupied housing units, table X25, 13 fields); H04: Year structure built (universe: total housing units, table X25, 15 fields); H05: Rooms (universe: total housing units, table X25, 18 fields); H06: Bedrooms (universe: total housing units, table X25, 21 fields); H07: Housing tenure by race of householder (universe: occupied housing units, table X25, 51 fields); H08: Total population in occupied housing units by tenure (universe: total population in occupied housing units, table X25, 3 fields); H09: Vacancy status (universe: vacant housing units, table X25, 8 fields); H10: Occupied housing units by race of householder (universe: occupied housing units, table X25, 8 fields); H11: Year householder moved into unit (universe: occupied housing units, table X25, 18 fields); H12: Vehicles available (universe: occupied housing units, table X25, 18 fields); H13: Housing heating fuel (universe: occupied housing units, table X25, 10 fields); H14: Selected housing characteristics (universe: occupied housing units, table X25, 9 fields); H15: Occupants per room (universe: occupied housing units, table X25, 13 fields); H16: Housing value (universe: owner-occupied units, table X25, 32 fields); H17: Price asked for vacant for sale only, and sold not occupied housing units (universe: vacant for sale only, and sold not occupied housing units, table X25, 28 fields); H18: Mortgage status (universe: owner-occupied units, table X25, 10 fields); H19: Selected monthly owner costs, SMOC (universe: owner-occupied housing units with or without a mortgage, table X25, 45 fields); H20: Selected monthly owner costs as a percentage of household income, SMOCAPI (universe: owner-occupied housing units with or without a mortgage, table X25, 26 fields); H21: Contract rent distribution and rent asked distribution in dollars (universe: renter-occupied housing units paying cash rent and vacant, for rent, and rented not occupied housing units, table X25, 7 fields); H22: Gross rent (universe: occupied units paying rent, table X25, 28 fields), and; X23: Gross rent as percentage of household income (universe: occupied units paying rent, table X25, 11 fields). The US Census geodemographic data are based on the 2020 TigerLines across multiple geographies. The spatial geographies were merged with ACS data tables. See full documentation at the OCACS project GitHub page (https://github.com/ktalexan/OCACS-Geodemographics).

This dataset belongs to a three-part study on American representation conducted shortly before and after the 1958 congressional election (see also AMERICAN REPRESENTATION STUDY, 1958: CANDIDATE AND CONSTITUENT, PARTY [ICPSR 7292] and ICPSR AMERICAN REPRESENTATION STUDY, 1958: CANDIDATE AND CONSTITUENT, INCUMBENCY [7293]). This data collection concentrates on the candidates and includes interviews with 251 candidates -- both incumbents and their opponents -- from 146 districts. The questions were designed to elicit information on what the candidates considered to be the most important issues of the campaign, their views on these issues, and their perceptions of the positions of their constituents. The candidates were also asked what influenced them and what they felt influenced the outcome of the campaign. Derived measures calculate 85th Congress roll-call scores on social welfare, foreign involvement, and civil rights issues. Roll-call data and information on committee activities of the congressmen are also provided. The two combined candidate and constituent files (ICPSR 7292 and 7293) contain the same candidate information as this collection, but are structured around the district as the unit of analysis. Demographic information on candidates includes sex, race, year of birth, size of birthplace, highest graduate degree, prior occupations, public offices previously held, several indices of spatial mobility, religious preference, and ethnic background.

Demographic reports on TSP participant behavior and investment manager diversity are reported annually to Congress and available to the public via FRTIB’s Open Data Plan. Reports are in PDF format with included data tables.

This poll, fielded October 20-23, 1994, is part of a continuing series of monthly polls that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Respondents were asked for their opinions of President Bill Clinton and his handling of the presidency, the economy, and foreign affairs. Respondents were asked their opinion on the condition of the nation's economy and how much credit they gave to Clinton for being responsible for it. Respondents were asked to provide approval ratings for the United States Congress, for the Republicans and Democrats in Congress, and their own representative in Congress. Additional questions asked respondents how much they believed that Congress had accomplished in the past year and which party they believed could better handle the problems that currently faced the country. Questions regarding the United States House of Representatives included whether the respondent was inclined to re-elect their current representative, and whether they would be more likely to vote for a candidate who supported President Clinton. Those surveyed were asked whether a switch of control in Congress from Democrats to Republicans in the upcoming November election would be a good thing and if they thought it would make a difference. Questions also included whether the respondents trusted the government in Washington and whether they were enthusiastic about how the federal government worked. Respondents were asked to rate which president did the best job, choosing from among Bill Clinton, George Bush, or Ronald Reagan. Respondents were also asked how closely they had been following the upcoming election (which in some states included gubernatorial and senatorial races) and how likely they were to vote in that election. Background information on respondents includes political affiliation, voter registration status, voting record, political philosophy, level of education, age, sex, religious preference, class, area of residence, marital status, labor union membership, employment status, ethnicity, and total household income.

Abstract (en): This poll, conducted February 19-26, 2001, is part of a continuing series of surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. In the days preceding Bush's first address to Congress on February 27, 2001, respondents were asked for their opinions of President George W. Bush and his handling of the presidency as well as their views on the United States Congress and the state of the nation's economy. Their views were also sought on whether Bush or other individuals were in charge of the administration, whether Bush would work with both parties in Congress, and whether the Democrats would work with Bush. Those polled were asked whether they believed that Bush cared about the problems of people like them, whether he possessed strong leadership skills, whether he shared their priorities for the country, and whether he was capable of dealing wisely with an international crisis. Respondents were asked whether Bush's proposed $1.6 trillion tax cut was a sound plan, and whether social programs could be preserved after such a tax cut. Additional topics covered the recent United States air strikes against Iraq, mandatory testing of students in public schools to rate the schools' effectiveness, whether such test results should be used to determine which schools could receive federal funds, and whether the respondent intended to watch Bush's congressional address. Background information on respondents includes age, gender, political party, 2000 presidential choice, education, race, Hispanic descent, children in household, and income. Adult population of the United States aged 18 and over with access to the Internet via Web TV. This CBS News poll was conducted online by Knowledge Networks among a national random sample of registered voters. Knowledge Networks polled a sample of registered voters in its household panel, which is a nationally representative sample of households with access to the Internet via Web TV. 2005-12-15 On 2005-08-15 new files were added to one or more datasets. These files included additional setup files as well as one or more of the following: SAS program, SAS transport, SPSS portable, and Stata system files. The metadata record was revised 2005-12-15 to reflect these additions.