Measures of monthly UK inflation data including CPIH, CPI and RPI. These tables complement the consumer price inflation time series dataset.

The Consumer Price Index of the United Kingdom was 138.5 in the second quarter of 2025, indicating that consumer prices have increased by 38.5 percent when compared with the first quarter of 2015. As of June 2025, the inflation rate for the CPI was 3.6 percent, an uptick from March, when prices were rising by 2.6 percent. A long period of elevated inflation between 2021 and 2023 peaked in October 2022 and saw prices increase by over 20 percent in just three years. Uptick in inflation expected in 2025 In late 2024, the UK's main economic forecaster, the Office for Budget Responsibility, predicted that the annual inflation rate for 2025 would average out at around 2.6 percent. In March 2025, however, the OBR revised this figure upward, with annual inflation now expected to be 3.2 percent. This uptick in inflation is predicted to peak in the third quarter of the year at 3.7 percent before falling to two percent by the second quarter of 2026. Although this period of higher inflation is predicted to be far less severe than in 2022, it will no doubt put further pressure on households already struggling with their cost of living. Cost of living woes continue The share of UK households reporting that their cost of living was increasing has been steadily rising since Summer 2024. At that time, less than half of UK households reported rising costs, down from 91 percent two years earlier. As of March 2025, however, 59 percent of households said their costs were rising, the highest figure since 2023. Of these households, 93 percent reported that their food shop was increasing, with three quarters of them reporting higher energy costs. With higher inflation predicted in 2025, the pressure on UK households will likely continue, although a crisis on the scale of 2021-2023 will hopefully be avoided.

The UK inflation rate was 3.6 percent in June 2025, up from 3.4 percent in the previous month, and the fastest rate of inflation since January 2024. Between September 2022 and March 2023, the UK experienced seven months of double-digit inflation, which peaked at 11.1 percent in October 2022. Due to this long period of high inflation, UK consumer prices have increased by over 20 percent in the last three years. As of the most recent month, prices were rising fastest in the communications sector, at 6.1 percent, but were falling in both the furniture and transport sectors, at -0.3 percent and -0.6 percent, respectively.
The Cost of Living Crisis High inflation is one of the main factors behind the ongoing Cost of Living Crisis in the UK, which, despite subsiding somewhat in 2024, is still impacting households going into 2025. In December 2024, for example, 56 percent of UK households reported their cost of living was increasing compared with the previous month, up from 45 percent in July, but far lower than at the height of the crisis in 2022. After global energy prices spiraled that year, the UK's energy price cap increased substantially. The cap, which limits what suppliers can charge consumers, reached 3,549 British pounds per year in October 2022, compared with 1,277 pounds a year earlier. Along with soaring food costs, high-energy bills have hit UK households hard, especially lower income ones that spend more of their earnings on housing costs. As a result of these factors, UK households experienced their biggest fall in living standards in decades in 2022/23. Global inflation crisis causes rapid surge in prices The UK's high inflation, and cost of living crisis in 2022 had its origins in the COVID-19 pandemic. Following the initial waves of the virus, global supply chains struggled to meet the renewed demand for goods and services. Food and energy prices, which were already high, increased further in 2022. Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 brought an end to the era of cheap gas flowing to European markets from Russia. The war also disrupted global food markets, as both Russia and Ukraine are major exporters of cereal crops. As a result of these factors, inflation surged across Europe and in other parts of the world, but typically declined in 2023, and approached more usual levels by 2024.

Inflation Rate in the United Kingdom increased to 3.80 percent in July from 3.60 percent in June of 2025. This dataset provides - United Kingdom Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

This table contains 30 series, with data for years 1986 - 2012 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2013-01-09. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (10 items: Canada; United States; France; United Kingdom ...), Consumer Price Index (CPI) (1 items: Consumer Price Index (CPI) ...), Base year (3 items: 1995=100; 2005=100; 2000=100 ...).

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Vegetables: Processed data was reported at 247.000 13Jan1987=100 in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 250.900 13Jan1987=100 for May 2018. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Vegetables: Processed data is updated monthly, averaging 155.950 13Jan1987=100 from Jan 1987 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 378 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 270.000 13Jan1987=100 in Feb 2013 and a record low of 99.900 13Jan1987=100 in Dec 1987. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Vegetables: Processed data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.I011: Retail Price Index.

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Potatoes: Unprocessed data was reported at 210.500 13Jan1987=100 in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 210.700 13Jan1987=100 for May 2018. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Potatoes: Unprocessed data is updated monthly, averaging 152.000 13Jan1987=100 from Jan 1987 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 378 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 273.300 13Jan1987=100 in Jul 2013 and a record low of 79.600 13Jan1987=100 in Jul 1988. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Potatoes: Unprocessed data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.I011: Retail Price Index.

United Kingdom UK: Producer Price Index: Output Manufacturing Product data was reported at 110.518 2010=100 in Mar 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 110.285 2010=100 for Dec 2017. United Kingdom UK: Producer Price Index: Output Manufacturing Product data is updated quarterly, averaging 57.488 2010=100 from Mar 1957 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 245 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 115.419 2010=100 in Sep 2013 and a record low of 7.724 2010=100 in Mar 1957. United Kingdom UK: Producer Price Index: Output Manufacturing Product data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.IMF.IFS: Consumer and Producer Price Index: Quarterly.

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Fuel and Light: Oil and Other Fuels data was reported at 458.300 13Jan1987=100 in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 462.000 13Jan1987=100 for May 2018. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Fuel and Light: Oil and Other Fuels data is updated monthly, averaging 159.000 13Jan1987=100 from Jan 1987 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 378 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 526.500 13Jan1987=100 in Feb 2013 and a record low of 83.600 13Jan1987=100 in Sep 1988. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Fuel and Light: Oil and Other Fuels data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.I011: Retail Price Index.

Construction Output Price Indices (OPIs) from January 2014 to June 2025, UK. Summary

This table contains 30 series, with data for years 1986 - 2012 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2013-01-09. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (10 items: Canada; United States; France; United Kingdom ...), Consumer Price Index (CPI) (1 items: Consumer Price Index (CPI) ...), Base year (3 items: 1995=100; 2005=100; 2000=100 ...).

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Fuel and Light: Gas data was reported at 379.700 13Jan1987=100 in Oct 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 372.200 13Jan1987=100 for Sep 2018. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Fuel and Light: Gas data is updated monthly, averaging 126.350 13Jan1987=100 from Jan 1987 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 382 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 403.600 13Jan1987=100 in Dec 2013 and a record low of 95.500 13Jan1987=100 in Mar 1988. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Fuel and Light: Gas data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.I011: Retail Price Index.

The Retail Price Index (RPI) is one of the main measures of inflation used to calculate the change in the price of goods and services within the British economy. In the second quarter of 2025 the index value was 403.2, indicating that the price for a fixed basket of goods had increased by almost more than 300 percent since 1987. The RPI inflation rate for June 2025 was 4.4 percent, up from 3.2 percent in March 2025 Inflation and UK living standards For UK consumers, high inflation is one of the main drivers of the ongoing cost of living crisis. With wages struggling to keep up with the pace of inflation for a long period between 2021 and 2023, UK households saw their living standards fall significantly. In 2022/23, real household disposable income in the UK is estimated to have fallen by 2.1 percent, which was the biggest fall in living standards since 1956. While there have been some signals that the crisis eased somewhat in 2024, such as falling energy and food inflation, an increasing share of UK households have reported increasing living costs since Summer 2024. Additional inflation indicators Aside from the Retail Price Index, the UK also produces other inflation indices such as the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and the Consumer Price Index including owner occupiers' housing costs (CPIH). While these particular indices measure consumer price increases slightly differently, they both provide an overall picture of rising prices. More specific inflation rates, such as by sector, are also produced, while other indices omit certain items, such as core inflation, which excludes food and energy inflation, to provide a more stable measure of inflation.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner. The Prices Survey Microdata include the underlying price data used by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) to produce the Consumer Prices Index (CPI), the Retail Prices Index (RPI) and associated price indices. The CPI has become the main domestic measure of inflation for macroeconomic purposes in the UK. Since December 2003 it has been used for the inflation target that the Bank of England is required to achieve. The RPI is the most long-standing measure of inflation in the UK, and its uses have included the indexation of pensions, state benefits and index-linked gilts. The study also includes the data underlying the Producer Prices Index. There are four levels of sampling for local price collection: locations/shopping areas; outlets/shops within locations; representative items/goods and services; and products and varieties (price quotes). There are two basic price collection methods: local and central. Local collection is used for most items; prices are obtained from outlets in about 150 locations around the country. Some 110,000 quotations are obtained by this method. Normally, collectors must visit the outlet, but prices for some items may be collected by telephone. Central collection is used for items where all the prices can be collected centrally by the ONS with no field work. These prices can be further sub-divided into two categories, depending on their subsequent use: 1) central shops, where the prices are combined with prices obtained locally, and 2) central items, where the prices are used on their own to construct centrally calculated indices. There are about 130 items for which the prices are collected centrally. The retail price data include the locations containing the shopping outlets from which the price quotes were obtained. These locations are intended to be broadly representative of a central shopping area and the areas where the local shopping population tend to live. The data also include the regions in which those shopping areas are located. Linking to other business studies The producer prices data contain Inter-Departmental Business Register (IDBR) reference numbers. These are anonymous but unique reference numbers assigned to business organisations. Their inclusion allows researchers to combine different business survey sources together. Researchers may consider applying for other business data to assist their research. Latest edition informationFor the thirty-fifth edition (May 2024), monthly Item Indices and Price Quotes data files for January to March 2024 have been added to the study. Main Topics: The Prices Survey Microdata include both retail and producer prices. The retail data include the following files:'backdata' or background information fileslocally collected filescentrally collected item filesitem indices filesprice quote filesClassification of Individual Consumption by Purpose (COICOP) level maps and weights filesThe 'backdata' background information files include:COICOP descriptions and identification codesdescriptions and identification codes for each item (goods and services)location descriptions and identification codes (and the region of the UK)shop codes for each item and locationThe pre-2007 data also include postcodes for the shops. The retail prices data span from 1996 to 2009 (centrally collected item indices), from 1996 to 2013 (annual item indices), from 1st quarter 1996 to 3rd quarter 2016 (quarterly item indices and quarterly price quote data), from October 2016 to July 2023 (monthly item indices and monthly price quote data), and from 1996 to 2013 (locally collected data). The producer prices files span from 1998 to 2021 and include:item and index number codesInter-Departmental Business Register Reporting Unit reference numbers, allowing the data to be matched to other ONS business survey dataindex descriptionsprices for each item/index numberAdditional producer prices files spanning 1996 to 2019 provide only the Producer Prices Indices and summary tables. Other Face-to-face interview

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Poultry data was reported at 124.700 13Jan1987=100 in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 126.000 13Jan1987=100 for May 2018. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Poultry data is updated monthly, averaging 113.000 13Jan1987=100 from Jan 1987 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 378 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 147.800 13Jan1987=100 in Nov 2013 and a record low of 100.000 13Jan1987=100 in Jan 1987. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Poultry data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.I011: Retail Price Index.

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Potatoes: Potato Products data was reported at 213.100 13Jan1987=100 in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 218.900 13Jan1987=100 for May 2018. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Potatoes: Potato Products data is updated monthly, averaging 153.600 13Jan1987=100 from Jan 1987 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 378 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 232.800 13Jan1987=100 in Apr 2013 and a record low of 99.800 13Jan1987=100 in Mar 1987. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Potatoes: Potato Products data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.I011: Retail Price Index.

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Vegetables data was reported at 173.100 13Jan1987=100 in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 173.800 13Jan1987=100 for May 2018. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Vegetables data is updated monthly, averaging 127.800 13Jan1987=100 from Jan 1987 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 378 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 198.000 13Jan1987=100 in Apr 2013 and a record low of 96.300 13Jan1987=100 in Jul 1987. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Vegetables data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.I011: Retail Price Index.

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Pork data was reported at 222.900 13Jan1987=100 in Sep 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 217.700 13Jan1987=100 for Aug 2018. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Pork data is updated monthly, averaging 152.900 13Jan1987=100 from Jan 1987 (Median) to Sep 2018, with 381 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 245.600 13Jan1987=100 in Jan 2013 and a record low of 97.700 13Jan1987=100 in Feb 1987. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Pork data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.I011: Retail Price Index.

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Bread data was reported at 220.100 13Jan1987=100 in Oct 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 220.200 13Jan1987=100 for Sep 2018. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Bread data is updated monthly, averaging 143.650 13Jan1987=100 from Jan 1987 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 382 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 235.800 13Jan1987=100 in Jul 2013 and a record low of 99.800 13Jan1987=100 in Mar 1987. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Bread data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.I011: Retail Price Index.

In 2023, the price index value of mineral waters, soft drinks and juices was measured at 135.7.Consumer price indices are designed to measure changes in the price of everything consumers buy. More information on CPI can be found here