Roadside advertising impacts have been affected by the coronavirus outbreak in the United Kingdom (UK). However, in Edinburgh, Greater London, and Greater Manchester on the Thursday and Saturday before Easter, impacts increased compared to the week before. There was a decrease in roadside ad impacts on Good Friday and Easter Sunday. For further information about the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, please visit our dedicated Facts and Figures page.

This review summarizes the economic impacts of the pandemic on ethnic minorities, focusing on the city of Manchester. It utilizes multiple reporting sources to explore various dimensions of the economic shock in the UK, linking this to studies of pre-COVID-19 economic and ethnic composition in Manchester and in the combined authority area of Greater Manchester. We then make inferences about the pandemic's short-term impact specific to the city region. Greater Manchester has seen some of the highest rates of COVID-19 and as a result faced particularly stringent “lockdown” regulations. Manchester is the sixth most deprived Local Authority in England, according to 2019 English Indices of Multiple Deprivation. As a consequence, many neighborhoods in the city were always going to be less resilient to the economic shock caused by the pandemic compared with other, less-deprived, areas. Particular challenges for Manchester include the high rates of poor health, low-paid work, low qualifications, poor housing conditions and overcrowding. Ethnic minority groups also faced disparities long before the onset of the pandemic. Within the UK, ethnic minorities were found to be most disadvantaged in terms of employment and housing–particularly in large urban areas containing traditional settlement areas for ethnic minorities. Further, all Black, Asian, and Minority ethnic (BAME) groups in Greater Manchester were less likely to be employed pre-pandemic compared with White people. For example, people of Pakistani and Bangladeshi ethnic backgrounds, especially women, have the lowest levels of employment in Greater Manchester. Finally, unprecedented cuts to public spending as a result of austerity have also disproportionately affected women of an ethnic minority background alongside disabled people, the young and those with no or low-level qualifications. This environment has created and sustained a multiplicative disadvantage for Manchester's ethnic minority residents through the course of the COVID-19 pandemic.

This dataset comprises of 16 anonymised interview transcripts with older adults aged 65 years and over living in areas of high socioeconomic deprivation in Manchester. These transcripts provide detail about participants' experiences of and attitudes towards engaging in physical activity in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. They were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

In mid-January, there will be about ***** COVID-19 vaccination sites in the United Kingdom. This vaccination program, described as the biggest in NHS history, aims at offering jabs to most care home residents by the end of January and the most vulnerable by mid-February. Vaccinations will be available at over a thousand general practitioner-led sites, *** hospitals, and ***** mega centers. These centers will be capable of delivering thousands of vaccinations each week.

Furthermore, the UK has plans to step up capacity even further in the coming weeks, bringing *** pharmacy-led pilot sites and a further ** mass vaccination centers into play. That would take the total number of coronavirus vaccination hubs to about *****. The first ***** mega centers will open in Birmingham, Bristol, London, Manchester, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Stevenage, and Surrey.

For further information about the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, please visit our dedicated Facts and Figures page.

The Greater London Authority (GLA) commissioned the University of Manchester to conduct a rapid evidence review to document and understand the impact of COVID-19 (in terms of both health and the broader impacts on existing social and economic inequalities) on those with protected characteristics, as well as those living in poorer, or more precarious, socioeconomic circumstances, paying particular attention to its effect in London. The report provides the outcomes of the review, as well as a series of recommendations, which are focused on identifying tractable policy solutions in order to prevent, or mitigate, the inequalities in relation to protected characteristics and socioeconomic position that result from the COVID-19 pandemic and policy responses to it. Also available to download below is a spreadsheet documenting the formalised literature review searches.

These documents were produced through a collaboration between GLA, PHE London and Association of Directors of Public Health London. The wider impacts slide set pulls together a series of rapid evidence reviews and consultation conversations with key London stakeholders. The evidence reviews and stakeholder consultations were undertaken to explore the wider impacts of the pandemic on Londoners and the considerations for recovery within the context of improving population health outcomes. The information presented in the wider impact slides represents the emerging evidence available at the time of conducting the work (May-August 2020). The resource is not routinely updated and therefore further evidence reviews to identify more recent research and evidence should be considered alongside this resource. It is useful to look at this in conjunction with the ‘People and places in London most vulnerable to COVID-19 and its social and economic consequences’ report commissioned as part of this work programme and produced by the New Policy Institute. Additional work was also undertaken on the housing issues and priorities during COVID. A short report and examples of good practice are provided here. These reports are intended as a resource to support stakeholders in planning during the transition and recovery phase. However, they are also relevant to policy and decision-making as part of the ongoing response. The GLA have also commissioned the University of Manchester to undertake a rapid evidence review on inequalities in relation to COVID-19 and their effects on London.

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis has affected numerous industries around the world, but it has also had an impact on air pollution. The first day of the United Kingdom lockdown saw noticeable drops in nitrogen dioxide (NO2) emissions in cities across the country. The most dramatic decline was observed in Edinburgh. On March 26, 2020 the average daily NO2 emissions amounted to 28µg/m3, compared with 74µg/m3 recorded on the same day the previous year. This was followed by London Westminster, where emissions fell from 58µg/m3 to 30µg/m3. Not all cities saw as noticeable a decline, with daily emissions on this day in Manchester Piccadilly dropping by just 7µg/m3 from the previous year. For further information about the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, please visit our dedicated Fact and Figures page.

Baseline characteristics and vaccine uptake.

The same data as stored in the "raw data" dataset is reformatted in "pickle" format for use in python plotting. README.txt contains descriptions of the data in each column of the table.

Columns indicate whether proteins were identified in all datasets, or only within acute (A1), 3-months post-hospital discharge (R1) or healthy controls (H1). If proteins were absent within a disease group, this is indicated by ‘missing’.

This data collection explores how lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans (LGBT) and heterosexual individuals used dating apps to navigate intimacy and social connection during and after COVID-19 lockdowns. It investigates how digital platforms facilitated or hindered emotional and physical closeness, and how these interactions shaped personal resilience and perceptions of viral risk. Drawing on a national survey (n=824) and qualitative interviews (n=53), the study examines differing cultures of intimacy across sexual and gender identities, and their implications for online dating practices and support needs. Findings aim to inform how internet-based services can better support diverse emotional and social needs during times of crisis.

The deposited collection contains anonymised survey responses of of 824 heterosexual and LGBTQ+ (self-identified lesbian, gay, bisexual, Trans and Queer) people and anonymised transcripts of 53 semi-structured online interviews which addressed the flux and flow of dating app use, the meanings and practices attached to virtual intimacies and connections, and of COVID-19 and the negotiation of viral risk.

This project examines lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans (LGBT) and heterosexual people's use of online dating apps to negotiate intimacy (i.e. emotional and/or physical closeness) during and after COVID-19 social distance and lockdowns. It focuses on how diverse sexual and gendered cultures of intimacy are facilitated or constrained by dating apps during and after COVID-19, the implications of the existing and new intimate practices associated with dating apps for supporting personal resilience (i.e. people's ability to cope with difficult situations, such as those associated with COVID-19 lockdowns and social distance) , and how they encourage or discourage intimacy that is safe from COVID-19 and similar viral infections. It will generate knowledge about how internet-based services can be harnessed to support people's social and emotional needs, as well as safer intimacies, during and after the implementation of social distance measures.

The researchers will collaborate with service providers and community representatives throughout the project to identify virtual interventions as appropriate to diverse intimate cultures and to promote personal resilience and 'safer' intimacy in the context of social distance and heightened viral risk. The study will include an initial round of online workshops with an expert partner group to explore how they: view the intimate possibilities and risks associated with virtual dating during COVID-19; have developed support activities online; and responded to any increase to the level of service demand. The group will advise on the design, undertaking and analysis of the research, and will be composed by representatives from dating app businesses, service providers, community representatives and international research experts and scholars.

The project will combine a nationwide online survey (n= 600 approx.) with in-depth online qualitative interviews (n=60). Closed survey questions will enable the gathering of demographic data and the deployment of the Adult Resilience Measure (ARM-R), as developed by Resilience Research Centre, Dalhousie University, to provide data on resilience. Open survey questions will generate data on self-perceptions of the implications of dating app use for countering or enhancing a sense of social isolation and intimate disconnectedness during the COVID-19 era, as well as the implications for negotiating viral risk. Virtual semi-structured interviews will generate data about diverse cultures and practices of intimacy pre- and post COVID-19; the possibilities and challenges presented by social distance for maintaining existing and developing new practices and cultures of intimacy; the virtual interactions involved in the negotiation of viral risk; and the ebb and flow of personal resilience as it links to dating app use over time. The interviews will generate data on LGBT and heterosexual experiences of using dating apps before, during and in transitioning out of social distance and lockdowns. The rationale for this focus is that the existing research suggests that lesbians, gay men, bisexuals, trans and heterosexuals have different cultures of intimacy, dating norms, online/offline practices of intimacy, and can have distinctive perceptions of viral risks (e.g. gay men are likely to be more informed about HIV) that influence their intimate practices online and are linked in multi-dimensional ways to their negotiation of risks offline.

From the outset, the project will work with its expert partners group to determine what support services for intimate relations can be developed and/or transitioned to online service delivery during times of social distancing, with an emphasis of catering for diverse intimate cultures as they are shaped by gendered sexualities in interaction with socio-cultural positioning linked to geography, generation, racial and economic location.

These indicators are designed to accompany the SHMI publication. As of the July 2020 publication, COVID-19 activity has been excluded from the SHMI. The SHMI is not designed for this type of pandemic activity and the statistical modelling used to calculate the SHMI may not be as robust if such activity were included. There has been a fall in the number of spells for some trusts due to COVID-19 impacting on activity from March 2020 onwards and this appears to be an accurate reflection of hospital activity rather than a case of missing data. Contextual indicators on the number of provider spells which are excluded from the SHMI due to them being related to COVID-19 and on the number of provider spells as a percentage of pre-pandemic activity (January 2019 – December 2019) are produced to support the interpretation of the SHMI. These indicators are being published as experimental statistics. Experimental statistics are official statistics which are published in order to involve users and stakeholders in their development and as a means to build in quality at an early stage. Notes: 1. There is a shortfall in the number of records for Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust (trust code RDU), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (trust code R0A), Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (trust code RA2), and Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Foundation Trust (trust code RRF). Values for these trusts are based on incomplete data and should therefore be interpreted with caution. 2. There is a high percentage of invalid diagnosis codes for Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (trust code RN5). Values for this trust should therefore be interpreted with caution. 3. A number of trusts are currently engaging in a pilot to submit Same Day Emergency Care (SDEC) data to the Emergency Care Data Set (ECDS), rather than the Admitted Patient Care (APC) dataset. As the SHMI is calculated using APC data, this does have the potential to impact on the SHMI value for these trusts. Trusts with SDEC activity removed from the APC data have generally seen an increase in the SHMI value. This is because the observed number of deaths remains approximately the same as the mortality rate for this cohort is very low; secondly, the expected number of deaths decreases because a large number of spells are removed, all of which would have had a small, non-zero risk of mortality contributing to the expected number of deaths. We are working to better understand the planned changes to the recording of SDEC activity and the potential impact on the SHMI. The trusts affected in this publication are: Barts Health NHS Trust (trust code R1H), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (trust code RGT), Croydon Health Services NHS Trust (trust code RJ6), Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust (trust code RVR), Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust (trust code RDU), Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (trust code RYJ), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (trust code R0A), Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (trust code RM1), and University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust (trust code RTG). 4. Further information on data quality can be found in the SHMI background quality report, which can be downloaded from the 'Resources' section of the publication page.

However, for those in the youth justice system, the impacts were likely to be exceptional. A disproportionate number of these children had complex needs, were from BAME backgrounds, had experienced school exclusions, and many came from groups with generally worse outcomes than average, including those with exposure to adverse childhood experiences (Bateman, 2017). The youth justice system faced a strange hiatus; on the one hand, criminal trials were delayed and arrests were down, while on the other, existing issues of BAME disproportionality, mental health, domestic abuse, and school engagement were areas of acute risk for justice-involved children. There was an urgent need to develop a clear understanding of the impact of the pandemic on these children and those who worked with them. Indeed, there had been a lack of focus on this group both from a political and media perspective.

We did know that the pandemic had had unprecedented implications and consequences for the youth justice system, from how professionals had to adapt to remote working, the delay of criminal trials, and the safety of children in custodial settings. Liaising with our youth justice colleagues, we knew that each stage of the youth justice system responded differently. This project brought together statutory partners, third sector organisations, senior national policy/decision-makers, and children with lived experiences. It provided a unique opportunity to gather insight and to produce impactful recommendations. By involving and working with children in our project, we addressed the usual top-down research hierarchies inherent in youth justice research and ensured that children's voices were prioritised.

The project collected data from a number of stakeholders. Aggregate data is made available from Wales and England, and redacted individual level data from England.

During and after the COVID-19 pandemic, there will be societal implications for all children. However, for those in the youth justice system the impacts are likely to be exceptional. A disproportionate number of these children have complex needs, are from BAME backgrounds, have experienced school exclusions, and many come from groups with generally worse outcomes than average, including those with exposure to adverse childhood experiences (Bateman, 2017). The youth justice system is facing a strange hiatus; on the one hand, criminal trials have been delayed and arrests are down, while on the other, existing issues of BAME disproportionality, mental health, domestic abuse and school engagement are areas of acute risk for justice-involved children. There is an urgent need to develop a clear understanding of the impact of the pandemic on these children and those who work with them. Indeed, there has been a lack of focus on this group both from a political and media perspective.

We do know that the pandemic has had unprecedented implications and consequences for the youth justice system, from how professionals have had to adapt to remote working, the delay of criminal trials, and the safety of children in custodial settings. Liaising with our youth justice colleagues, we know that each stage of the youth justice system has responded differently. This project will bring together statutory partners, third sector organisations, senior national policy/decision-makers, and children with lived experiences. It will provide a unique opportunity to gather insight and to produce impactful recommendations. By involving and working with children in our project, we will address the usual top-down research hierarchies inherent in youth justice research and ensure that children's voices are prioritised.

Co-working spaces have become an essential part of the digital economy but how will Covid-19 affect their growth in urban areas?

This Round 1 Innovation Fund project followed the experiences of several co-working projects through the pandemic to explore what role co-working spaces might play in new flexible, hybrid models of work.

Research questions How have co-working spaces responded to the COVID-19 crisis? How do co-working spaces stand to be incorporated into the economic recovery and urban regeneration efforts in the aftermath? Method Over 40 interviews were conducted in Brighton, Bristol and Manchester with representatives from a range of coworking spaces and of local and regional government.

Key findings The future of urban co-working spaces will be shaped by the wider dynamics of the urban property market and shifts in corporate demand for flexible workspace. These forces will likely prove more influential than anything specific to their founding organisation and social purpose. The pandemic underscored the ambivalent position of co-working spaces as hosts rather than employers and revealed the variable positions of different co-working space business models in the face of disrupted income streams. At the same time, co-working spaces have contributed to the recovery from the pandemic by providing places to work collaboratively or collectively alongside shifts towards more flexible work and working from home. In this respect their importance is likely to increase. Attention is shifting from the towering dominance of London to smaller urban hubs and especially commuting towns. Although local and national government are beginning to recognise the potential importance of co-working spaces, they have not begun to develop strategies to nurture them. This gap risks leaving co-working spaces and their users adrift in increasingly turbulent and competitive market conditions. This is especially important at a time where they stand to play a central role in providing sites for experimentation with, and adaptation to, new digitally-mediated working practices emerging from the pandemic, for a potentially much broader array of workers than spaces previously served.

The Digital Futures at Work Research Centre (Dig.IT) will establish itself as an essential resource for those wanting to understand how new digital technologies are profoundly reshaping the world of work. Digitalisation is a topical feature of contemporary debate. For evangelists, technology offers new opportunities for those seeking work and increased flexibility and autonomy for those in work. More pessimistic visions, in contrast, see a future where jobs are either destroyed by robots or degraded through increasingly precarious contracts and computerised monitoring. Take Uber as an example: the company claims it is creating opportunities for self-employed entrepreneurs; while workers' groups increasingly challenge such claims through legal means to improve their rights at work.

While such positive and pessimistic scenarios abound of an increasingly fragmented, digitalised and flexible transformation of work across the globe, theoretical understanding of contemporary developments remains underdeveloped and systematic empirical analyses are lacking. We know, for example, that employers and governments are struggling to cope with and understand the pace and consequences of digital change, while individuals face new uncertainties over how to become and stay 'connected' in turbulent labour markets. Yet, we have no real understanding of what it means to be a 'connected worker' in an increasing 'connected' economy. Drawing resources from different academic fields of study, Dig.IT will provide an empirically innovative and international broad body of knowledge that will offer authoritative insights into the impact of digitalisation on the future of work.

The Dig.IT centre will be jointly led by the Universities of Sussex and Leeds, supported by leading experts from Aberdeen, Cambridge, Manchester and Monash Universities. Its core research programme will cover four broad-ranging research themes. Theme one will set the conceptual and quantitative base for the centre's activities. Theme two involves a large-scale survey of Employers' Digital Practices at Work. Theme three involves qualitative research on employers' and employees' experiences of digitalisation at work across 4 sectors (Creative industries, Business Services, Consumer Services, Public Services). Theme 4 examines how the disconnected attempt to reconnect, through Public Employment Services, the growth of new types of self-employment, platform work and workers' responses to building new forms of voice and representation in an international context. Specific projects include:

1. The Impact of Digitalisation on Work and Employment -Conceptualising digital futures, historically, regionally and internationally -Comparative regulation of digital employment

2. Mapping regional and international trends of digital technology and work

3. Employers' Digital Practices at Work Survey

4. Employers' and employees' experiences of digital work across sectors -Changing management processes and practices -Workers' experiences of digital transformation

5. Reconnecting the disconnected: new channels of voice and representation

6. displaced workers, job search and the public employment service

7. self-employment, interest representation and voice

Dig.IT will establish a Data Observatory on digital futures at work to promote our findings through an interactive website, report on a series of methodological seminars and new experimental methods and deliver extensive outreach activities. It will act as a one-platform library of resources at the forefront of research on digital work and will establish itself as a focal point for decision-makers across the policy spectrum, connecting with industrial strategy, employment and welfare policy. It will also manage an Innovation Fund designed to fund novel research ideas, from across the academic community as they emerge over the life course of the centre.

Title: Chai, Chat, Connect! – Submitted Application to National Lottery COVID-19 Response FundingDescription:This document is the full application submitted to the National Lottery COVID-19 Response Funding for Chai, Chat, Connect!, a culturally sensitive community support programme led by Manoranjan CIC and the fourth Published Work by Ria Meera Munshi. The application outlines the project’s vision to reduce isolation, improve wellbeing, and build digital confidence among South Asian women in Greater Manchester during the COVID-19 pandemic.Chai, Chat, Connect! was designed in response to community consultations and the disproportionate impact of the pandemic on South Asian communities. The programme includes facilitated Zoom sessions, creative activities, and follow-on social opportunities, all delivered in collaboration with local partners including Dipak Dristi, Khush Amdid, and HBWA.The application includes:Project summary and community-led rationaleFour-stage delivery plan with culturally sensitive facilitationBudget breakdown and resource allocationCommunity consultation findings and participant feedbackStrategic alignment with National Lottery priorities: bringing people together, supporting early intervention, and enabling potentialPlans for learning dissemination and future developmentThis document is relevant for funders, researchers, and practitioners in community arts, cultural engagement, and inclusive wellbeing. It demonstrates how a grassroots, heritage-led organisation can design and deliver responsive programming with lasting social impact.Production Company: Manoranjan CICFunding Statement: This project was supported by National Lottery COVID-19 Response Funding.

Population for 2021/22 season is shown as an illustrative example.

Adjusted Cox proportional hazards model of impact of coding and other predictors on hazard of COVID-19 mortality in patients with coded and uncoded CKD stages 3 and 4.

Title: Chai, Chat, Connect! – Dipak Dristi AgreementDescription:This document is the signed delivery agreement between Manoranjan CIC and Dipak Dristi (Light of Vision), outlining the terms of collaboration for the Chai, Chat, Connect! programme, the fourth Published Work of Ria Meera Munshi, supported by the National Lottery Community Fund. The contract formalizes Dipak Dristi’s role as a delivery partner responsible for facilitating five online arts-based workshops for BAME women in Greater Manchester during the COVID-19 pandemic.The agreement details the scope of work, participant engagement requirements, financial provisions, and responsibilities around data protection, publicity, and health and safety. It reflects the programme’s commitment to culturally sensitive facilitation and community-led outcomes, with a focus on digital inclusion, creative expression, and social connection.This contract is relevant for funders, community arts practitioners, and researchers interested in inclusive programming, digital engagement, and grassroots responses to pandemic-related isolation. It demonstrates how Manoranjan CIC and its partners operationalised a heritage-led wellbeing initiative with measurable social impact.Production Company: Manoranjan CICFunding Statement: This project was supported by National Lottery COVID-19 Response Funding.

The number of overseas visits to the United Kingdom rose significantly in 2022 over the previous year, after falling dramatically due to the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Despite the sharp annual increase, inbound visits remained below pre-pandemic levels. In England, the most visited country by inbound travelers in the UK, international visits totaled around **** million in 2022, remaining ** percent lower than in 2019. Meanwhile, London, Edinburgh, and Manchester topped the ranking of the cities in the UK with the highest number of inbound visits in 2022.