Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of hospital admission, and in older adults has high rates of mortality and complications. CAP is associated with increased long-term mortality and loss of independence for older adults. CAP typically affects older adults with co-morbidities- a group who have largely shielded throughout the winter period. This seems to have reduced rates of transmissible disease in vulnerable people. Complications such as sepsis, and empyema (infected fluid around the lung) prolong hospital admission, result in additional interventions in hospital and have higher mortality than CAP alone. The causative agents for CAP are often poorly identified in real world clinical practice. These data allow the investigation of the different ways in which COVID-19 has impacted on existing health conditions, how often causative agents were identified in real-world practice and the sensitivities of the bacteria, which antibiotics were used and patient outcomes.

PIONEER geography The West Midlands (WM) has a population of 5.9 million & includes a diverse ethnic & socio-economic mix (42% non-white within Birmingham).

EHR. UHB is one of the largest NHS Trusts in England, providing direct acute services & specialist care across four hospital sites, with 2.2 million patient episodes per year, 2750 beds & an expanded 250 ITU bed capacity during COVID. UHB runs a fully electronic healthcare record (EHR) (PICS; Birmingham Systems), a shared primary & secondary care record (Your Care Connected) & a patient portal “My Health”.

Scope: All hospitalised patients admitted to UHB before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, curated to focus on Community Acquired Pneumonia. Longitudinal & individually linked, so that the preceding & subsequent health journey can be mapped & healthcare utilisation prior to & after admission understood. The dataset includes highly granular patient demographics & co-morbidities taken from ICD-10 & SNOMED-CT codes. Serial, structured data pertaining to process of care (timings, admissions, readmissions and discharge outcomes, physiology readings (heart rate, blood pressure, NEWS2 score, SEWS score, AVPU score), blood results and flags for microbiology and surgical data. Comparing the burden of hospitalised community acquired pneumonia (CAP) before and during COVID-19 pandemic.

Available supplementary data: Matched controls; ambulance, synthetic data.

Available supplementary support: Analytics, Model build, validation & refinement; A.I.; Data partner support for ETL (extract, transform & load) process, Clinical expertise, Patient & end-user access, Purchaser access, Regulatory requirements, Data-driven trials, “fast screen” services.

Multivariable analysis of factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.