As of September 2024, Mumbai had the highest cost of living among other cities in the country, with an index value of ****. Gurgaon, a satellite city of Delhi and part of the National Capital Region (NCR) followed it with an index value of ****.  What is cost of living? The cost of living varies depending on geographical regions and factors that affect the cost of living in an area include housing, food, utilities, clothing, childcare, and fuel among others. The cost of living is calculated based on different measures such as the consumer price index (CPI), living cost indexes, and wage price index. CPI refers to the change in the value of consumer goods and services. The wage price index, on the other hand, measures the change in labor services prices due to market pressures. Lastly, the living cost indexes calculate the impact of changing costs on different households. The relationship between wages and costs determines affordability and shifts in the cost of living. Mumbai tops the list Mumbai usually tops the list of most expensive cities in India. As the financial and entertainment hub of the country, Mumbai offers wide opportunities and attracts talent from all over the country. It is the second-largest city in India and has one of the most expensive real estates in the world.

In June 2025, 59 percent of households in Great Britain reported that their cost of living had increased in the previous month, compared with 72 percent in April. Although the share of people reporting a cost of living increase has generally been falling since August 2022, when 91 percent of households reported an increase, the most recent figures indicate that the Cost of Living Crisis is still ongoing for many households in the UK. Crisis ligers even as inflation falls Although various factors have been driving the Cost of Living Crisis in Britain, high inflation has undoubtedly been one of the main factors. After several years of relatively low inflation, the CPI inflation rate shot up from 2021 onwards, hitting a high of 11.1 percent in October 2022. In the months since that peak, inflation has fallen to more usual levels, and was 2.5 percent in December 2024, slightly up from 1.7 percent in September. Since June 2023, wages have also started to grow at a faster rate than inflation, albeit after a long period where average wages were falling relative to overall price increases. Economy continues to be the main issue for voters Ahead of the last UK general election, the economy was consistently selected as the main issue for voters for several months. Although the Conservative Party was seen by voters as the best party for handling the economy before October 2022, this perception collapsed following the market's reaction to Liz Truss' mini-budget. Even after changing their leader from Truss to Rishi Sunak, the Conservatives continued to fall in the polls, and would go onto lose the election decisively. Since the election, the economy remains the most important issue in the UK, although it was only slightly ahead of immigration and health as of January 2025.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner. The Student Income and Expenditure Survey, 2007-2008 (SIES) was designed to collect detailed information on income and expenditure of Higher Education students and investigated issues such as student debt or hardship. The survey covered both full-time and part-time students at higher education institutions (HEI) and further education colleges (FEC), including the Open University (OU), participating in undergraduate courses during the 2007-2008 academic year. Undergraduate courses included first degree and Higher National Diplomas/Certificates (HNDs/HNCs), or in university-based postgraduate initial teacher training courses (PGCEs). The study covered 69 institutions in England and ten institutions in Wales, plus the OU. The 2007-2008 survey is the latest in a series of surveys carried out at approximately three year intervals. The methods and interview content have been kept as similar as possible to the previous wave carried out in 2004-2005, (not currently available from the UKDA) in order to make any trend comparisons as robust as possible. Main Topics: The dataset contains individual level data pertaining to students' finances including:income (support, family and friends, work, benefits, other)expenditure (living, housing, children, participation) overall financial position (borrowing – commercial and state, savings) financial well-being (missed bills, views on how finances have affected study) student attitudes and choices (future, choice of HE course, reasons for studying) Standard Measures: Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) Likert Scale Multi-stage stratified random sample Face-to-face interview Diaries 2008 AGE ASPIRATION ATTITUDES BICYCLES BOOKS CAPITAL GAINS CARE OF DEPENDANTS CARERS BENEFITS CARS CHILD DAY CARE CHILD SUPPORT PAYMENTS CHILDREN COMPACT DISC PLAYERS COMPUTERS CONSUMER GOODS COST OF LIVING COSTS COUNCIL TAX CREDIT CARD USE DEBTS DEGREES DIGITAL GAMES DISABILITIES DISEASES DISTANCE LEARNING DOMESTIC APPLIANCES DVD PLAYERS DYSLEXIA EDUCATIONAL CERTIFI... EDUCATIONAL EXPENDI... EDUCATIONAL FEES EDUCATIONAL GRANTS EDUCATIONAL VISITS EMPLOYER SPONSORED ... ETHNIC GROUPS EXPENDITURE England and Wales FAMILY BENEFITS FIELDS OF STUDY FINANCIAL COMMITMENTS FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES FINANCIAL EXPECTATIONS FINANCIAL RESOURCES FINANCIAL SUPPORT FLEXIBLE WORKING TIME FREE SCHOOL MEALS FULL TIME EMPLOYMENT FURTHER EDUCATION GIFTS HEARING IMPAIRMENTS HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER NATIONAL CER... HIRE PURCHASE HOME OWNERSHIP HOURS OF WORK HOUSEHOLD BUDGETS HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLDS HOUSING BENEFITS HOUSING FINANCE HOUSING TENURE Higher and further ... INCOME Income JOB SEEKER S ALLOWANCE LOANS MARITAL STATUS MENTAL DISORDERS MOBILE PHONES MORTGAGE ARREARS MORTGAGES MOTORCYCLES NATIONAL IDENTITY PARENT EDUCATION PARENTS PART TIME COURSES PART TIME EMPLOYMENT PENSION BENEFITS PERSONAL DEBT REPAY... PERSONAL FINANCE MA... PUBLIC SERVICES PURCHASING RELIGIOUS AFFILIATION RENTS ROAD TAX SALE OF PERSONAL PO... SANDWICH COURSES SCHOLARSHIPS SEASONAL EMPLOYMENT SELF EMPLOYED SICKNESS AND DISABI... SMALL ELECTRICAL AP... SOCIAL SECURITY BEN... SPOUSE S ECONOMIC A... SPOUSES STATE RETIREMENT PE... STATUS IN EMPLOYMENT STUDENT ATTITUDE STUDENT EMPLOYMENT STUDENT HOUSING STUDENT LOANS STUDENT TRANSPORTATION STUDENTS COLLEGE STUDY PERIODS SUPERVISORY STATUS TEACHER QUALIFICATIONS TELEPHONES TELEVISION TELEVISION LICENCES TRANSPORT FARES UNEARNED INCOME UNIVERSITY COURSES VISION IMPAIRMENTS WHEELCHAIRS WORKING CONDITIONS WRITING MATERIALS property and invest...

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.The Opinions and Lifestyle Survey (formerly known as the ONS Opinions Survey or Omnibus) is an omnibus survey that began in 1990, collecting data on a range of subjects commissioned by both the ONS internally and external clients (limited to other government departments, charities, non-profit organisations and academia).Data are collected from one individual aged 16 or over, selected from each sampled private household. Personal data include data on the individual, their family, address, household, income and education, plus responses and opinions on a variety of subjects within commissioned modules. The questionnaire collects timely data for research and policy analysis evaluation on the social impacts of recent topics of national importance, such as the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and the cost of living, on individuals and households in Great Britain. From April 2018 to November 2019, the design of the OPN changed from face-to-face to a mixed-mode design (online first with telephone interviewing where necessary). Mixed-mode collection allows respondents to complete the survey more flexibly and provides a more cost-effective service for customers. In March 2020, the OPN was adapted to become a weekly survey used to collect data on the social impacts of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on the lives of people of Great Britain. These data are held in the Secure Access study, SN 8635, ONS Opinions and Lifestyle Survey, Covid-19 Module, 2020-2022: Secure Access. From August 2021, as coronavirus (COVID-19) restrictions were lifting across Great Britain, the OPN moved to fortnightly data collection, sampling around 5,000 households in each survey wave to ensure the survey remains sustainable. The OPN has since expanded to include questions on other topics of national importance, such as health and the cost of living. For more information about the survey and its methodology, see the ONS OPN Quality and Methodology Information webpage.Secure Access Opinions and Lifestyle Survey dataOther Secure Access OPN data cover modules run at various points from 1997-2019, on Census religion (SN 8078), cervical cancer screening (SN 8080), contact after separation (SN 8089), contraception (SN 8095), disability (SNs 8680 and 8096), general lifestyle (SN 8092), illness and activity (SN 8094), and non-resident parental contact (SN 8093). See Opinions and Lifestyle Survey: Secure Access for details. Main Topics:Each month's questionnaire consists of two elements: core questions, covering demographic information, are asked each month together with non-core questions that vary from month to month. The non-core questions for this month were: Local Authority Tenants (Module 186): this module was asked on behalf of the Department of Environment, Transport and the Regions (DETR), and only applied to those respondents renting from local authorities in England and Wales. It combined a repeat of the 'Tenant's Charter' module run in 1991/2 and 1992/3 with questions based on ones from the 1994 module 'Information for LA Tenants' and the Survey of English Housing. Withheld Deposits (Module 193): this module was asked on behalf of the DETR and would have been included in the Survey of English Housing, but no space was available. It was asked in England only, to help the DETR compile a sample of respondents who had at some time in the past three years had a deposit that they had paid prior to moving into privately rented accommodation withheld when they left. Second Homes (Module 4): this module was asked on behalf of the DETR. It has appeared in previous Omnibus surveys in a slightly different form. The module queried respondents on ownership of a second home by any member of the household and reasons for having the second home. Attitudes to Disability Benefits (Module 191): this module was asked on behalf of the Department of Social Security. The questions focus on three different sorts of benefit claimants, the disabled, who can claim Income Replacement Benefit, people injured at work and carers. Alcohol brought into the United Kingdom (UK) from European Union (EU) countries (Module 164): this module was asked on behalf of Customs and Excise, and aimed to assess the extent of cross-border shopping since the Single European Market was introduced. It is only concerned with alcohol bought in other EU countries in outlets other than duty-free shops. Attitudes to in-work subsidies and unemployment benefit (Module 194): this module was asked on behalf of the DSS and focuses on attitudes to top-up benefits for low-paid workers with jobs, attitudes to unemployment benefit, and attitudes to unemployed couples with and without children. Lone Mothers (Module 184): this module was asked on behalf of the DSS. The questions were taken from a British attitudes survey and compare attitudes towards mothers living in couples with children of varying ages with attitudes towards lone mothers. Contraception (Module 170): the Special Licence version of this module is held under SN 6476. PEPs and TESSAs (Module 185): this module was asked on behalf of the Inland Revenue, to gain more information about the distribution of PEPs and TESSAs and in particular the extent to which the two groups overlap. Vulnerable consumers of financial products (Module 195): this module was asked on behalf of the Office for Fair Trading, who were conducting an enquiry into vulnerable consumers of financial services such as banking, savings and investments, credit and insurance. Multi-stage stratified random sample Face-to-face interview 1998 AGE ALCOHOL USE ALCOHOLIC DRINKS ATTITUDES BANK ACCOUNTS BEREAVEMENT CARE OF DEPENDANTS CHILD BENEFITS CHILD CARE CHILD DAY CARE CHRONIC ILLNESS CLEANING COHABITATION COMPREHENSION COSTS CREDIT CREDIT CARD USE Consumption and con... DAMAGE DEBILITATIVE ILLNESS DISABLED PERSONS DISEASES ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC VALUE EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND EDUCATIONAL COURSES EMPLOYEES EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT HISTORY EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMMES ENDOWMENT ASSURANCE ETHNIC GROUPS EUROPEAN UNION EXPORTS AND IMPORTS FAMILY MEMBERS FINANCIAL SERVICES FINANCIAL SUPPORT FULL TIME EMPLOYMENT FURNISHED ACCOMMODA... Family life and mar... GENDER GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS GRANTS HEADS OF HOUSEHOLD HEALTH CONSULTATIONS HOLIDAYS HOME CONTENTS INSUR... HOME OWNERSHIP HOME SELLING HOUSEHOLD BUDGETS HOUSEHOLDS HOUSING FINANCE HOUSING POLICY HOUSING TENURE HUMAN SETTLEMENT Health behaviour Housing INCOME INCOME TAX INDUSTRIES INFORMATION INFORMATION MATERIALS INFORMATION SOURCES INHERITANCE INSURANCE INTEREST FINANCE INVESTMENT Income JOB HUNTING JUDGMENTS LAW LANDLORDS LARGE SHOPS LEGAL PROCEDURE LOANS LOCAL GOVERNMENT LOCAL GOVERNMENT SE... MANAGERS MARITAL STATUS MARRIAGE DISSOLUTION MASS MEDIA MEDICAL CENTRES MEDICAL PRESCRIPTIONS MONEY MORTGAGES MOTHERS MOTOR VEHICLES ONE PARENT FAMILIES PARENTS PART TIME EMPLOYMENT PAYMENTS PENSIONS PERFORMANCE PLACE OF RESIDENCE PRESCHOOL CHILDREN PRIVATE PERSONAL PE... PUBLIC HOUSES PUBLIC INFORMATION PUBLIC OPINION PUBLIC SERVICES PURCHASING QUALIFICATIONS REDUNDANCY RENTED ACCOMMODATION RENTS REPORTS RESIDENTIAL MOBILITY RESTAURANTS RETAIL TRADE RETIREMENT RIGHTS AND PRIVILEGES SAVINGS SCHOOLCHILDREN SECOND HOMES SELF EMPLOYED SHOPS SMALL CLAIMS PROCEDURE SOCIAL HOUSING SOCIAL SECURITY BEN... SPOUSES STANDARDS STATE AID SUPERVISORS Social behaviour an... Specific social ser... TERMINATION OF SERVICE TIED HOUSING TRAINING TRANSPORT TRAVEL UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS UNFURNISHED ACCOMMO... UNMARRIED MOTHERS UNWAGED WORKERS VOCATIONAL EDUCATIO... WAGES WORKING MOTHERS property and invest...

During the financial year 2023, the cost inflation index (CII) in India stood at ***. This was an increase from the previous year's figure of ***. The CII is used to compute an asset's inflation-adjusted cost price. It is used to assess the inflation value of assets like land, houses, jewelry etc.