In 2024, Monaco was the country with the highest percentage of the total population that was over the age of 65, with ** percent. Japan had the second highest with ** percent, while Portugal and Bulgaria followed in third with ***percent.

In 2024, Italy and Portugal were the European countries with the largest share of elderly population, with ** percent of the total population aged 65 years and older. Bulgaria, Finland, and Greece were the countries with the next highest shares of elderly people in their population, while the European Union on average had **** percent of the population being elderly. Iceland, Ireland, and Luxembourg had around ** percent of their population being elderly, while Türkiye and Azerbaijan had around ** percent.

The average for 2023 based on 196 countries was 10.17 percent. The highest value was in Monaco: 36.36 percent and the lowest value was in Qatar: 1.57 percent. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

In Japan, ** percent of the population was 65 years or older in 2025, underlining the aging population of the country. Among the G7, Japan and Italy had a higher share of people aged 65 years. The United States had the highest share of children and youth between zero and 19 years at nearly ** percent.

In 2040, the percentage of the population of Singapore above the age of 65 was forecasted to reach more than ** percent. Comparatively, the share of the population older than 65 in Laos was forecasted to reach about *** percent.

The G7 countries are facing aging populations in the coming decades. This is especially the case in Italy and Japan, where over ** percent of the population is forecast to be 65 years or older by 2050. By 2050, all G7 countries are predicted to have a higher share of people above 65 years than people between 0 and 19 years. Japan, Italy, as well as Germany already had a higher share of older population than children and youth in 2024.

Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Norway, Sweden, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Austria, Italy, and Spain, and other countries, the historical and future estimated values of the proportion of the population aged 65 and over.

In 2023, the share of the population of Japan above the age of 65 was projected to amount to around ** percent. In contrast, the share of the population older than 65 in Thailand was projected to be about *** percent that year.

Abstract (en): The main objectives of this data collection effort were to assemble a set of cross-nationally comparable microdata samples for Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) countries based on the 1990 national population and housing censuses in countries of Europe and North America, and to use these samples to study the social and economic conditions of older persons. The samples are designed to allow research on a wide range of issues related to aging, as well as on other social phenomena. Included in the Czech Republic dataset are questions on the type and characteristics of buildings/dwellings, available utility systems, and demographic information such as age, sex, marital status, number of children, education, income, religion, and occupation. Also included are questions concerning the presence of household amenities such as telephones, toilets, automobiles, baths/showers, washers, and television sets. All persons and housing units in the Czech Republic. Individual-based sample of 1,029,471 persons with progressive oversampling with age, while retaining information on all persons co-residing in the sampled person's dwelling unit (N = 1,574,936). 2013-09-27 This study was previously distributed on CD-ROM only. The contents of the CD-ROM are now available for public download from ICPSR as a zipped package.2008-09-24 The confidentiality agreement is now available as a downloadable PDF document. Funding insitution(s): United Nations Population Fund. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. United States Department of Health and Human Services. National Institutes of Health. National Institute on Aging. In addition to the SAS data file provided by the principal investigator, ICPSR is distributing an ASCII data file extracted from the SAS file. Analysis of the ASCII file may be facilitated by dividing it.Erroneously coded missing values on age have been corrected, resulting in 1,650 households being dropped from the sample. The principal investigator has provided a corrected version of the data, in one file instead of four, a revised codebook, descriptive statistics, and SAS and SPSS data definition statements.

This dataset was created to support the 2016 DIA (Related publication only available in Spanish). The accelerated aging process that countries in Latin America and the Caribbean are undergoing imposes unprecedented pressures on the long-term care sector. In this context, the growing demand for care from the elderly population occurs alongside a reduction in the availability of informal care. Governments in the region must prepare to address these pressures by supporting the provision of care services to alleviate social exclusion in old age. The Inter-American Development Bank has created an Observatory on Aging and Care — the focus of this policy brief — aimed at providing decision-makers with information to design policies based on available empirical evidence. In this initial phase, the Observatory seeks to document the demographic situation of countries in the region, the health of their elderly population, their limitations and dependency status, as well as their main socioeconomic characteristics. The goal is to estimate the care needs countries in the region will face. This brief summarizes the key findings from an initial analysis of the data. The results highlight the scale of the problem. The figures speak for themselves: in the region, 11% of the population aged 60 and older is dependent. Both the magnitude and intensity of dependency increase with age. Women are the most affected across all age groups. This policy brief is part of a series of studies on dependency care, including works by Caruso, Galiani, and Ibarrarán (2017); Medellín et al. (2018); López-Ortega (2018); and Aranco and Sorio (2018).

In 2050, the three East Asian countries Hong Kong (SAR of China), South Korea, and Japan are forecasted to have the highest share of people aged 65 years or more. Except for Kuwait, all the countries on the list are either in Europe or East Asia. By 2050, 22 percent of the world's population is expected to be above 60 years.

The historical and future estimated values of the aging index for countries such as Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Norway, Sweden, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Austria, Italy, and Spain.

Elder Care Robotics Market Outlook

The Elder Care Robotics market is experiencing robust growth, with a market size valued at approximately USD 1.5 billion in 2023 and projected to reach USD 9.2 billion by 2032, reflecting a remarkable compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 22.4% over the forecast period. Key growth factors driving this market include the increasing aging population worldwide, advancements in robotics technology, and the growing need for efficient healthcare solutions to support elderly care. The convergence of technology and healthcare is enabling innovative solutions that are reshaping how elder care is delivered, making the market for elder care robotics expansive and dynamic.

One of the primary growth factors propelling the elder care robotics market is the demographic shift towards an aging population. With life expectancy rising globally, there is an increasing number of elderly individuals who require care and assistance. This demographic trend is particularly pronounced in countries like Japan, the United States, and several European nations. The demand for elder care solutions that can provide support while maintaining the dignity and independence of the elderly is consequently on the rise. Robotics offers an effective solution by providing assistive technologies that can help elderly individuals perform daily tasks, monitor their health, and ensure safety, reducing the burden on healthcare systems and caregivers.

The technological advancement in robotics and artificial intelligence (AI) is another significant growth catalyst in this market. The integration of AI and machine learning in robotic systems enhances their capability to perform complex tasks, learn from interactions, and adapt to the needs of elderly users. These technologies enable robots to offer personalized care, engage in social interactions, and provide critical health monitoring, making them indispensable tools in modern elder care. Continuous research and development in this sector are leading to the creation of more sophisticated, cost-effective, and user-friendly robotic solutions that cater specifically to the elderly, further fueling market growth.

Moreover, the societal trend towards independent living and in-home care is significantly influencing this market. Many elderly individuals prefer to stay in their homes rather than move to assisted living facilities, a preference that has been supported by advancements in elder care technologies. Elder care robots provide the necessary assistance that allows seniors to live independently with dignity and comfort. These robots can assist with routine activities, provide companionship, and perform health assessments, thereby enhancing the quality of life for seniors. This preference for in-home care is driving demand for elder care robotics, as families and care facilities look for innovative solutions to meet the needs of aging populations.

Regionally, the North American market is a leading adopter of elder care robotics, driven by high healthcare expenditure, technological innovation, and a supportive regulatory environment. The Asia Pacific region is also witnessing significant growth due to its large elderly population base, particularly in countries like China and Japan. Europe is steadily incorporating advanced elder care technologies as part of its healthcare strategy to address the increasing needs of its aging population. The Middle East & Africa and Latin America are emerging markets, gradually adopting elder care robotics as awareness and investment in this technology grow.

Product Type Analysis

The elder care robotics market is segmented by product type into assistive robots, monitoring robots, socially assistive robots, and others. Assistive robots are designed to aid elderly individuals in performing daily living activities such as dressing, bathing, and moving around. These robots are equipped with various features like mobility support, fall detection, and scheduling reminders, which not only enhance independence but also ensure the safety of seniors. With the integration of AI, these robots are becoming increasingly sophisticated, capable of recognizing voice commands and learning user preferences, making them more effective in providing personalized care.

Monitoring robots play a crucial role in elder care by ensuring the health and safety of elderly individuals. These robots are equipped with advanced sensors and cameras that monitor vital signs, detect falls, and alert caregivers in case of emergencies. The demand for monitoring robots is driven by the need for continuous health assessment and th

In 2025, 24.7 percent of the total population in Italy is estimated to be 65 years and older. According to data, the share of elderly people in the Italian society has been growing constantly since 2009. Consequently, the share of young population experienced a decrease in the last years. As a result, the average age of Italians has risen. In 2011, it was 43.6 years, whereas in 2024 it was estimated to be 46.8 years. The oldest country in Europe Italy and Portugal are the European countries with the largest percentage of elderly citizens. In 2024, 24 percent of the total population was aged 65 years and older. Bulgaria and Finland followed in the ranking, while Azerbaijan had the lowest share of elder population, less than ten percent. An increasingly longer lifespan might provide an explanation for such a high share of citizens over 65 years in Italy. The Republic ranks among the countries with the highest life expectancy worldwide. In Europe, only people in Switzerland and Spain can expect to live longer. Fewer babies than ever The share of young people is getting slimmer, not only because the elderly are living longer than ever before. In fact, Italians are having fewer children compared to previous years. The birth rate in the country has been constantly decreasing: in 2024, only 6.3 babies were born per 1,000 inhabitants, three children less than in 2010. In the south of Italy, in 2023 the birth rate stood at 6.7 infants per 1,000 inhabitants, whereas in central Italy this figure reached only 5.8, the highest and lowest rates in the country, respectively.

Graph and download economic data for Age Dependency Ratio: Older Dependents to Working-Age Population for Least Developed Countries (SPPOPDPNDOLLDC) from 1960 to 2024 about working-age, ratio, and population.

Graph and download economic data for Age Dependency Ratio: Older Dependents to Working-Age Population for Developing Countries in Europe and Central Asia (SPPOPDPNDOLECA) from 1960 to 2024 about Central Asia, working-age, ratio, Europe, and population.

The unprecedented demographic shifts toward an aging population pose significant challenges to global healthcare systems. Understanding the heterogeneity in disease prevalence among the elderly is crucial for effective public health strategies. Using prevalence data of 85 types of age-related diseases, we calculated the global heterogeneity of disease distribution by the Shannon Diversity Index (SHDI). We observed significant geographic variations in disease heterogeneity, with higher SHDI values in high-income Western countries such as the United States of America and Sweden and lower in South Asia and Oceania (p < 0.05). In 2021, SHDI values in elderly populations (age ≥ 60 years) for Europe and North America countries were an average of 1.12 times higher than in Oceania. While SHDI increases toward higher ages (for instance, in 2021, SHDI for adults above 95 years is 1.06 times higher than for ages between 60 and 64 years), the global SHDI tends to decrease nonlinearly over time. From 1990 to 2021, global age-standardized SHDI (age ≥ 60 years) averagely decreased by 1.2% for both men and women. Our analysis further revealed that socio-economic factors (e.g., socio-demographic indices, governance) strongly impacted global SHDI changes, while climatic and environmental factors (e.g., extreme climate and air pollution) showed significant differences across genders. Our study highlights the need for implementing comprehensive healthcare strategies, focusing on reducing health disparities and addressing environmental and socio-economic determinants to address inequalities in age-related diseases effectively.

A data set of cross-nationally comparable microdata samples for 15 Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) countries (Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Russia, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, USA) based on the 1990 national population and housing censuses in countries of Europe and North America to study the social and economic conditions of older persons. These samples have been designed to allow research on a wide range of issues related to aging, as well as on other social phenomena. A common set of nomenclatures and classifications, derived on the basis of a study of census data comparability in Europe and North America, was adopted as a standard for recoding. This series was formerly called Dynamics of Population Aging in ECE Countries. The recommendations regarding the design and size of the samples drawn from the 1990 round of censuses envisaged: (1) drawing individual-based samples of about one million persons; (2) progressive oversampling with age in order to ensure sufficient representation of various categories of older people; and (3) retaining information on all persons co-residing in the sampled individual''''s dwelling unit. Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania provided the entire population over age 50, while Finland sampled it with progressive over-sampling. Canada, Italy, Russia, Turkey, UK, and the US provided samples that had not been drawn specially for this project, and cover the entire population without over-sampling. Given its wide user base, the US 1990 PUMS was not recoded. Instead, PAU offers mapping modules, which recode the PUMS variables into the project''''s classifications, nomenclatures, and coding schemes. Because of the high sampling density, these data cover various small groups of older people; contain as much geographic detail as possible under each country''''s confidentiality requirements; include more extensive information on housing conditions than many other data sources; and provide information for a number of countries whose data were not accessible until recently. Data Availability: Eight of the fifteen participating countries have signed the standard data release agreement making their data available through NACDA/ICPSR (see links below). Hungary and Switzerland require a clearance to be obtained from their national statistical offices for the use of microdata, however the documents signed between the PAU and these countries include clauses stipulating that, in general, all scholars interested in social research will be granted access. Russia requested that certain provisions for archiving the microdata samples be removed from its data release arrangement. The PAU has an agreement with several British scholars to facilitate access to the 1991 UK data through collaborative arrangements. Statistics Canada and the Italian Institute of statistics (ISTAT) provide access to data from Canada and Italy, respectively. * Dates of Study: 1989-1992 * Study Features: International, Minority Oversamples * Sample Size: Approx. 1 million/country Links: * Bulgaria (1992), http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/02200 * Czech Republic (1991), http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/06857 * Estonia (1989), http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/06780 * Finland (1990), http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/06797 * Romania (1992), http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/06900 * Latvia (1989), http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/02572 * Lithuania (1989), http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/03952 * Turkey (1990), http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/03292 * U.S. (1990), http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/06219

We assess the potential impact of international migration on population ageing in Asian countries by estimating replacement migration for the period 2022-2050.

This open data deposit contains the code (R-scripts) and the datasets (csv-files) for the replacement migration scenarios and a zero-migration scenario:

• Constant chronological old-age dependency ratio (Constant OADR scenario)
• Constant prospective old-age dependency ratio (Constant POADR scenario)
• Constant chronological working-age population (Constant WA scenario)
• Constant prospective working-age population (Constant PWA scenario)
• Zero-migration (ZM scenario)

Countries included in the analysis: Armenia, China, Georgia, Hong Kong, Japan, Macao, North Korea, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand.

Please note that for Armenia and Hong Kong (2023) and Georgia (2024) later baseline years are applied due to the UN country-specific assumptions on post-Covid-19 mortality.

For detailed information about the scenarios and parameters:

Dörflinger, M., Potancokova, M., Marois, G. (2024): The potential impact of international migration on prospective population ageing in Asian countries. Asian Population Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2024.2436201

All underlying data (UN World Population Prospects 2022) are openly available at:

https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Archive

Code

1_Data.R:

• Load and merge data from UN World Population Prospects 2022
• Define sample
• Prepare data (prospective old-age thresholds, model sex and age pattern of migrants)

2_Scenarios.R:

• Replacement migration scenarios:
  • Constant chronological old-age dependency
  • Constant prospective old-age dependency
  • Constant chronological working-age population
  • Constant prospective working-age population
• Zero-migration scenario

3_Robustness_checks.R:

• Run replacement migrations scenarios with different model sex and age patterns for net migration

Program version used: RStudio "Chocolate Cosmos" (e4392fc9, 2024-06-05). Files may not be compatible with other versions.

Datasets

The datasets contain the key information on population size, the relevant indicators (OADR, POADR, WA, PWA) and replacement migration volumes and rates by country and year. Please see readme_datasets.txt for detailed information.

Acknowledgements

Part of the research was developed in the Young Scientists Summer Program at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg (Austria) with financial support from the German National Member Organization.

Assisted Living Residence Market Outlook

The global assisted living residence market size was valued at approximately USD 85 billion in 2023 and is expected to reach around USD 150 billion by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of about 6.5% during the forecast period. The growth in this market is primarily driven by the increasing aging population worldwide, the rising prevalence of chronic diseases, and the growing preference for residential care over traditional nursing homes. The demand for assisted living facilities is set to surge as more elderly individuals seek environments that offer both care and independence.

One of the main growth factors contributing to the expansion of the assisted living residence market is the demographic shift towards an aging global population. As medical advancements continue to extend life expectancy, the number of individuals aged 65 and older is increasing significantly. This demographic trend is particularly evident in developed nations such as the United States, Japan, and various European countries. The aging population is more prone to chronic conditions such as diabetes, arthritis, and cardiovascular diseases, necessitating continuous care and assistance, thereby fueling the demand for assisted living facilities.

Additionally, societal changes are also playing a crucial role in driving the market forward. Modern families are often smaller and geographically dispersed, making it challenging for relatives to provide the necessary care for elderly family members. As a result, there is a growing reliance on professional assisted living facilities that can offer a comprehensive range of services, including personal care, medical supervision, and social activities. These facilities not only ensure the well-being of residents but also provide peace of mind to their families, knowing their loved ones are in a safe and supportive environment.

The evolution of healthcare and technology has also significantly impacted the assisted living residence market. Innovations such as telemedicine, wearable health monitoring devices, and advanced medical record systems have enhanced the quality of care that residents receive. These technologies allow for real-time health monitoring and prompt medical interventions, which are particularly beneficial for managing chronic conditions. The integration of technology in assisted living facilities has not only improved health outcomes for residents but also made these facilities more attractive to potential residents and their families.

From a regional perspective, North America currently holds the largest share of the assisted living residence market, driven by the high prevalence of chronic diseases, well-established healthcare infrastructure, and significant disposable incomes. Europe follows closely, with countries like Germany, France, and the UK showing substantial demand due to their aging populations. The Asia Pacific region is expected to witness the highest growth rate during the forecast period, attributed to the rapidly aging population in countries like Japan and China, as well as rising healthcare expenditures and increasing awareness about assisted living options.

Service Type Analysis

The service type segment of the assisted living residence market encompasses personal care, medical care, social activities, meals, housekeeping, and other essential services. Personal care services include assistance with daily activities such as bathing, dressing, and grooming. This segment is expected to witness significant growth due to the increasing number of elderly individuals who require help with these routine tasks. The rising awareness about the importance of maintaining personal hygiene and dignity in old age is also contributing to the demand for personal care services in assisted living facilities.

Medical care services in assisted living residences are designed to address the healthcare needs of residents. These services include regular health check-ups, medication management, and access to emergency medical care. The demand for medical care services is driven by the rising prevalence of chronic conditions among the elderly population. Assisted living facilities are increasingly integrating advanced healthcare technologies to provide better medical care, which is expected to further boost the growth of this segment. Additionally, the availability of on-site medical professionals ensures timely medical interventions, enhancing the overall quality of care.

Social activities are a crucial component of assisted living services, aime