In 2024, the value of the lending to households in Switzerland as a share of its gross domestic product (GDP) was higher than in any of the countries selected here. Australian, Canadian, and South Korean households had an amount of credit which was higher than the overall size of their economy. That year, household lending in Argentina amounted to *** percent of its GDP, which was the lowest figure in the ranking. What is the household debt? Household debt, also known as family debt, includes loans taken to pay for the home or other property, education, vehicles, and other expenses. The largest component of this is mortgage debt, which is seen by many as a way to build long-term equity. As such, households are willing to take on a large amount of this debt with the goal of owning an asset that holds value and can be used as a residence in the meantime. The cost of debt The cost of a loan depends on a number of factors such as the interest rate, borrower’s credit risk or time period of a loan. The value of mortgage and the rate of return on assets such as real estate also depend largely on geographic location. The highest borrowers in this statistic are likely living in countries where credit is affordable and expected returns are relatively high, incentivizing heavy borrowing.

This dataset provides values for HOUSEHOLDS DEBT TO INCOME reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

The statistic shows the 20 countries with the lowest national debt in 2023 in relation to the gross domestic product (GDP). The data refer to the debts of the entire state, including the central government, the provinces, municipalities, local authorities and social insurance. In 2023, Russia's estimated level of national debt reached about 19.66 percent of the GDP, ranking 17th of the countries with the lowest national debt. National debt and GDP The debt-to-GDP ratio is an indicator of a country’s ability to produce and sell goods in order to pay back any present debts, however these countries should not retain newer debts in the process. Many economists believe that if a country is able to produce more without impairing its own economical growth, it can be considered more stable, particularly for the future. However, the listed countries, with the exception of Russia and Saudi Arabia, are not necessarily economic first-world powers. Additionally, economically powerful countries such as the United States and France maintain one of the highest debt-to-GDP ratios, signifying that occurring debt does not necessarily damage the state of the economy and is sometimes necessary in order to help develop it. Saudi Arabia has maintained one of the lowest debt-to-GDP ratios due to its high export rates, which primarily consist of petroleum and petroleum goods. Given the significance of oil in today’s world, Saudi Arabia produces enough oil and earns enough revenue to maintain a high GDP and additionally refrain from incurring debt.

Graph and download economic data for Amount Outstanding of International Debt Securities for All Issuers, All Maturities, Residence of Issuer in All countries (IDSAMRIAO3P) from Q4 1962 to Q1 2025 about World, maturity, debt, residents, and securities.

Attitudes towards savings and debt differ greatly among countries worldwide. While the household debt in Denmark represented a 255 percent of their disposable income in 2021, those figures amounted to 26 percent in Mexico. Household debt represented a 148 percent of disposable income in the UK and 101 percent in the U.S..

The United Kingdom, Germany, and France were the countries with the largest mortgage markets in Europe in 2024, when considering the value of loans outstanding. In the second quarter of the year, the UK had more than 1.9 billion euros worth of mortgages outstanding. Other countries with large mortgage markets included the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, and Italy - all exceeding 400 billion euros. One of the main drivers of mortgage activity is the cost of borrowing. In 2022, interest rates increased dramatically across Europe. Ireland, and Germany remained among the few countries with an average interest rate under four percent.

Comoros KM: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Long-Term: Private Sector data was reported at 0.000 USD mn in 2017. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 USD mn for 2016. Comoros KM: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Long-Term: Private Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 USD mn from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2017, with 48 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 USD mn in 2017 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in 2017. Comoros KM: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Long-Term: Private Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Comoros – Table KM.World Bank.WDI: External Debt: Debt Outstanding, Debt Ratio and Debt Service. Long-term private sector external debt conveys information about the distribution of long-term debt for DRS countries by type of debtor (private banks and private entities). Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; World Bank, International Debt Statistics.; Sum;

Graph and download economic data for Federal Debt Held by Foreign and International Investors as Percent of Gross Domestic Product (HBFIGDQ188S) from Q1 1970 to Q1 2025 about foreign, debt, federal, GDP, and USA.

As of December 2024, Japan held United States treasury securities totaling about 1.06 trillion U.S. dollars. Foreign holders of United States treasury debt According to the Federal Reserve and U.S. Department of the Treasury, foreign countries held a total of 8.5 trillion U.S. dollars in U.S. treasury securities as of December 2024. Of the total held by foreign countries, Japan and Mainland China held the greatest portions, with China holding 759 billion U.S. dollars in U.S. securities. The U.S. public debt In 2023, the United States had a total public national debt of 33.2 trillion U.S. dollars, an amount that has been rising steadily, particularly since 2008. In 2023, the total interest expense on debt held by the public of the United States reached 678 billion U.S. dollars, while 197 billion U.S. dollars in interest expense were intra governmental debt holdings. Total outlays of the U.S. government were 6.1 trillion U.S. dollars in 2023. By 2029, spending is projected to reach 8.3 trillion U.S. dollars.

Sri Lanka LK: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Long-Term: Public Sector data was reported at 29.725 USD bn in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 27.453 USD bn for 2015. Sri Lanka LK: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Long-Term: Public Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 5.920 USD bn from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2016, with 47 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 29.725 USD bn in 2016 and a record low of 313.859 USD mn in 1970. Sri Lanka LK: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Long-Term: Public Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Sri Lanka – Table LK.World Bank: External Debt: Debt Outstanding, Debt Ratio and Debt Service. Long-term public sector external debt conveys information about the distribution of long-term debt for DRS countries by type of debtor (central government, state and local government, central bank, public and mixed enterprises, and official development banks). Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; World Bank, International Debt Statistics.; Sum;

Mortgage interest rates worldwide varied greatly in 2024, from less than **** percent in many European countries, to as high as ** percent in Turkey. The average mortgage rate in a country depends on the central bank's base lending rate and macroeconomic indicators such as inflation and forecast economic growth. Since 2022, inflationary pressures have led to rapid increase in mortgage interest rates. Which are the leading mortgage markets? An easy way to estimate the importance of the mortgage sector in each country is by comparing household debt depth, or the ratio of the debt held by households compared to the county's GDP. In 2023, Switzerland, Australia, and Canada had some of the highest household debt to GDP ratios worldwide. While this indicator shows the size of the sector relative to the country’s economy, the value of mortgages outstanding allows to compare the market size in different countries. In Europe, for instance, the United Kingdom, Germany, and France were the largest mortgage markets by outstanding mortgage lending. Mortgage lending trends in the U.S. In the United States, new mortgage lending soared in 2021. This was largely due to the growth of new refinance loans that allow homeowners to renegotiate their mortgage terms and replace their existing loan with a more favorable one. Following the rise in interest rates, the mortgage market cooled, and refinance loans declined.

Colombia CO: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Long-Term: Public Sector data was reported at 75.976 USD bn in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 75.555 USD bn for 2017. Colombia CO: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Long-Term: Public Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 14.649 USD bn from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2018, with 49 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 75.976 USD bn in 2018 and a record low of 1.323 USD bn in 1970. Colombia CO: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Long-Term: Public Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Colombia – Table CO.World Bank.WDI: External Debt: Debt Outstanding, Debt Ratio and Debt Service. Long-term public sector external debt conveys information about the distribution of long-term debt for DRS countries by type of debtor (central government, state and local government, central bank, public and mixed enterprises, and official development banks). Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; World Bank, International Debt Statistics.; Sum;

Vietnam VN: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Long-Term: Private Sector data was reported at 30.124 USD bn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 24.679 USD bn for 2016. Vietnam VN: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Long-Term: Private Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 USD mn from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2017, with 48 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 30.124 USD bn in 2017 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in 2009. Vietnam VN: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Long-Term: Private Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Vietnam – Table VN.World Bank.WDI: External Debt: Debt Outstanding, Debt Ratio and Debt Service. Long-term private sector external debt conveys information about the distribution of long-term debt for DRS countries by type of debtor (private banks and private entities). Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; World Bank, International Debt Statistics.; Sum;

The value of outstanding residential mortgage debt in Africa in 2022 was especially higher in South Africa than any other country on the continent. South Africa had the highest outstanding debt valued at almost 69 billion U.S. dollars. The second highest outstanding debt of about four billion U.S. was recorded in Tunisia. The lowest outstanding residential mortgage debts were in South Sudan, Guinea, and The Gambia, which all had less than 10 million U.S. dollars outstanding.

Nicaragua NI: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Long-Term: Private Sector data was reported at 5.111 USD bn in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 5.151 USD bn for 2016. Nicaragua NI: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Long-Term: Private Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 20.617 USD mn from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2017, with 48 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.151 USD bn in 2016 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in 1995. Nicaragua NI: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Long-Term: Private Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Nicaragua – Table NI.World Bank.WDI: External Debt: Debt Outstanding, Debt Ratio and Debt Service. Long-term private sector external debt conveys information about the distribution of long-term debt for DRS countries by type of debtor (private banks and private entities). Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; World Bank, International Debt Statistics.; Sum;

Consumers in the United States had over **** trillion dollars in debt as of the first quarter of 2025. The majority of that debt were home mortgages, amounting to approximately **** trillion U.S. dollars. Student and car loans were the second and third largest component of household debt. Why is consumer debt important? Debt influences the Consumer Sentiment Index, which is an important indicator assessing the state of the U.S. economy. The U.S. housing market is also seen a bellwether of the economic conditions in the country. The housing industry employs a large number of people, and mortgages are large investments that consumers will pay off over the course of years, sometimes decades. Because of this, financial analysts closely watch consumer debt and its effects on the demand for housing. Attitudes towards debt Consumer perception of debt differed, depending on the kind of debt in question. While most saw a home mortgage as a positive investment, they increasingly looked at student loan debt as a negative debt. With education costs increasing, people are incurring more student loan debt in the United States. Credit card debt also had negative connotations.

In 2023, the gross federal debt in the United States amounted to around ****** U.S. dollars per capita. This is a moderate increase from the previous year, when the per capita national debt amounted to about ****** U.S. dollars. The total debt accrued by the U.S. annually can be accessed here. Federal debt of the United States The level of national debt held by the United States government has risen sharply in the years following the Great Recession. Federal debt is the amount of debt the federal government owes to creditors who hold assets in the form of debt securities. As with individuals and consumers, there is a common consensus among economists that holding debt is not necessarily problematic for government so long as the public debt is held at a sustainable level. Although there is no agreed upon ratio of debt to gross domestic product, the increasing debt held by the Federal Reserve has become a major part of the political discourse in the United States. Politics and the national debt In recent years, debate over the debt ceiling has been of concern to domestic politicians, the owners of federal debt, and global economy as a whole. The debt ceiling is a legislated maximum amount that national debt can reach intended to impose a degree of fiscal prudence on incumbent governments. However, as national debt has grown the debt ceiling has been reached, thus forcing legislative action by Congress. In both 2011 and 2013, new legislation was passed by Congress allowing the debt ceiling to be raised. The Budget Control Act of 2011 and the No Budget, No Pay Act of 2013 successively allowed the government to avoid defaulting on national debt and therefore avert a potential economic crisis.

Chad TD: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Long-Term: Public Sector data was reported at 2.834 USD bn in 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.876 USD bn for 2017. Chad TD: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Long-Term: Public Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 714.757 USD mn from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2018, with 49 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.647 USD bn in 2014 and a record low of 32.484 USD mn in 1970. Chad TD: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Long-Term: Public Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Chad – Table TD.World Bank.WDI: External Debt: Debt Outstanding, Debt Ratio and Debt Service. Long-term public sector external debt conveys information about the distribution of long-term debt for DRS countries by type of debtor (central government, state and local government, central bank, public and mixed enterprises, and official development banks). Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; World Bank, International Debt Statistics.; Sum;

Brazil External Debt Ratio: International Reserves to External Debt data was reported at 118.600 % in Mar 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 120.400 % for Dec 2017. Brazil External Debt Ratio: International Reserves to External Debt data is updated quarterly, averaging 30.700 % from Dec 1970 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 115 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 120.600 % in Dec 2009 and a record low of 4.700 % in Jun 1996. Brazil External Debt Ratio: International Reserves to External Debt data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Brazil. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.FD014: Gross External Debt: External Indebtedness Indicators. The statistics of the external debt comprises the total received on a certain date, the contractual debts effectively disbursed and not yet settled, from residents with non-residents, where there is an obligation to pay principal and / or interest. It is considered short-term debt that one whose maturity is equal to or less than 360 days, and long-term debt the one that exceeds this limit. Starting in June 2001, the Central Bank of Brazil, aiming at the improvement of statistics on the Brazilian foreign debt, decided to separate the values related to inter-companies loans, which were classified as direct investment in the country, as well as the relative to the principal installments of foreign loans overdue more than 120 days. According to the Brazilian Central Bank, the external debt registered and unregistered started to be released as the total gross external debt following a concept in accordance with international standards. A estatística da dívida externa compreende o total apurado em determinada data, dos débitos contratuais efetivamente desembolsados e ainda não quitados, de residentes com não residentes, onde haja a obrigatoriedade de pagamento de principal e/ou juros. Considera-se dívida de curto prazo aquela cujo vencimento é igual ou inferior a 360 dias, e de longo prazo aquela que ultrapasse este limite. A partir de junho de 2001, o Banco Central do Brasil, objetivando o aperfeiçoamento das estatísticas sobre a dívida externa brasileira, decidiu separar do seu total os valores relacionados a empréstimos Inter companhias, que foram classificados como investimento direto no País, bem como os relativos a parcelas de principal de operações de crédito externo vencidas há mais de 120 dias. De acordo com o Banco Central do Brasil, a dívida externa registrada e não registrada começou a ser publicada como a dívida externa bruta total seguindo um conceito de acordo com as normas internacionais.

Burkina Faso BF: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Long-Term: Public Sector data was reported at 3.006 USD bn in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.835 USD bn for 2017. Burkina Faso BF: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Long-Term: Public Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 1.046 USD bn from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2018, with 49 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.006 USD bn in 2018 and a record low of 18.468 USD mn in 1972. Burkina Faso BF: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Long-Term: Public Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Burkina Faso – Table BF.World Bank.WDI: External Debt: Debt Outstanding, Debt Ratio and Debt Service. Long-term public sector external debt conveys information about the distribution of long-term debt for DRS countries by type of debtor (central government, state and local government, central bank, public and mixed enterprises, and official development banks). Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; World Bank, International Debt Statistics.; Sum;