As of 2024, South Africa was the country with the highest number of people living with HIV in Africa. At that time, around 7.8 million people in South Africa were HIV positive. In Mozambique, the country with the second-highest number of HIV-positive people in Africa, around 2.5 million people were living with HIV. Which country in Africa has the highest prevalence of HIV? Although South Africa has the highest total number of people living with HIV in Africa, it does not have the highest prevalence of HIV on the continent. Eswatini currently has the highest prevalence of HIV in Africa and worldwide, with almost 26 percent of the population living with HIV. South Africa has the third-highest prevalence, with around 18 percent of the population HIV positive. Eswatini also has the highest rate of new HIV infections per 1,000 population worldwide, followed by South Africa and Mozambique. However, South Africa had the highest total number of new HIV infections in 2024, with around 170,000 people newly infected with HIV that year. Deaths from HIV in Africa Thanks to advances in treatment and awareness, HIV/AIDS no longer contributes to a significant amount of death in many countries. However, the disease is still the eighth leading cause of death in Africa, accounting for around 4.6 percent of all deaths. In 2024, South Africa and Mozambique were the countries with the highest number of AIDS-related deaths worldwide, with 53,000 and 44,000 such deaths, respectively. Although not every country in the leading 25 for AIDS-related deaths is found in Africa, African countries account for the majority of countries on the list. Fortunately, HIV treatment has become more accessible in Africa over the years, and now up to 94 percent of people living with HIV in Eswatini are receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Access to ART does vary from country to country, however, with around 81 percent of people who are HIV positive in South Africa receiving ART and only 34 percent in the Congo.

Among all countries worldwide those in sub-Saharan Africa have the highest rates of HIV. The countries with the highest rates of HIV include Eswatini, South Africa, and Lesotho. In 2024, Eswatini had the highest prevalence of HIV with a rate of around ** percent. Other countries, such as Zimbabwe, have significantly decreased their HIV prevalence. Community-based HIV services are considered crucial to the prevention and treatment of HIV. HIV Worldwide The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a viral infection that is transmitted via exposure to infected semen, blood, vaginal and anal fluids, and breast milk. HIV destroys the human immune system, rendering the host unable to fight off secondary infections. Globally, the number of people living with HIV has generally increased over the past two decades. However, the number of HIV-related deaths has decreased significantly in recent years. Despite being a serious illness that affects millions of people, medication exists that effectively manages the progression of the virus in the body. These medications are called antiretroviral drugs. HIV Treatment Generally, global access to antiretroviral treatment has increased. However, despite being available worldwide, not all adults have access to antiretroviral drugs. There are many different antiretroviral drugs available on the market. As of 2024, ********, an antiretroviral marketed by Gilead, was the leading HIV treatment based on revenue.

The average for 2022 based on 135 countries was 1.66 percent. The highest value was in Swaziland: 25.9 percent and the lowest value was in Afghanistan: 0.1 percent. The indicator is available from 1990 to 2022. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

In 2024, Brazil was the Latin American country with the highest number of people living with HIV. That year, approximately *********** patients were living with this condition in the South American country. Panama followed with an estimate of around ******* people living with HIV.

In 2024, in South Africa, there were around 3.1 HIV newly infected persons per every 1,000 inhabitants. This statistic depicts the countries with the highest incidence rates of new HIV infections worldwide as of 2024.

In 2020, the prevalence of HIV among individuals aged 15 to 49 years was nearly *** percent in Haiti, the highest among selected Latin American countries. Meanwhile, Nicaragua and Bolivia reported a prevalence rate of the virus of *** percent that year. In 2019, Brazil was home to the most people living with HIV in the region.

BackgroundIn 2014, the Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) issued treatment goals for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The 90-90-90 target specifies that by 2020, 90% of individuals living with HIV will know their HIV status, 90% of people with diagnosed HIV infection will receive antiretroviral treatment (ART), and 90% of those taking ART will be virally suppressed. Consistent methods and routine reporting in the public domain will be necessary for tracking progress towards the 90-90-90 target.Methods and findingsFor the period 2010–2016, we searched PubMed, UNAIDS country progress reports, World Health Organization (WHO), UNAIDS reports, national surveillance and program reports, United States President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) Country Operational Plans, and conference presentations and/or abstracts for the latest available national HIV care continuum in the public domain. Continua of care included the number and proportion of people living with HIV (PLHIV) who are diagnosed, on ART, and virally suppressed out of the estimated number of PLHIV. We ranked the described methods for indicators to derive high-, medium-, and low-quality continuum. For 2010–2016, we identified 53 national care continua with viral suppression estimates representing 19.7 million (54%) of the 2015 global estimate of PLHIV. Of the 53, 6 (with 2% of global burden) were high quality, using standard surveillance methods to derive an overall denominator and program data from national cohorts for estimating steps in the continuum. Only nine countries in sub-Saharan Africa had care continua with viral suppression estimates. Of the 53 countries, the average proportion of the aggregate of PLHIV from all countries on ART was 48%, and the proportion of PLHIV who were virally suppressed was 40%. Seven countries (Sweden, Cambodia, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Denmark, Rwanda, and Namibia) were within 12% and 10% of achieving the 90-90-90 target for “on ART” and for “viral suppression,” respectively. The limitations to consider when interpreting the results include significant variation in methods used to determine national continua and the possibility that complete continua were not available through our comprehensive search of the public domain.ConclusionsRelatively few complete national continua of care are available in the public domain, and there is considerable variation in the methods for determining progress towards the 90-90-90 target. Despite bearing the highest HIV burden, national care continua from sub-Saharan Africa were less likely to be in the public domain. A standardized monitoring and evaluation approach could improve the use of scarce resources to achieve 90-90-90 through improved transparency, accountability, and efficiency.

In 2023, the number of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in East Africa was highest in Tanzania, with *** million recorded. Uganda followed, with *** million infections. Conversely, Comoros had the least number of cases reported, with ***.

HIV Diagnostic Test Market Outlook

The global HIV diagnostic test market size was valued at USD 5.1 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 9.8 billion by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.5% during the forecast period. This significant growth is driven by the increasing prevalence of HIV infections globally, advancements in diagnostic technologies, and a rising awareness about early disease detection. The market size expansion is also supported by government initiatives and funding programs aimed at combating the spread of HIV/AIDS.

One of the primary growth factors for the HIV diagnostic test market is the rising prevalence of HIV infections worldwide. According to UNAIDS, approximately 38 million people were living with HIV in 2021, with around 1.5 million new infections each year. This alarming incidence rate necessitates the need for early and accurate diagnostic testing to enable timely medical intervention. Early diagnosis improves treatment outcomes, reduces transmission rates, and enhances the quality of life for those affected. As a result, there is a growing demand for reliable and rapid HIV diagnostic tests to address this public health challenge.

Technological advancements in diagnostic testing have substantially contributed to the market's growth. Innovations such as point-of-care (POC) testing and rapid diagnostic tests have revolutionized HIV testing by providing quick and accurate results. These advancements have made HIV testing more accessible, particularly in resource-limited settings where laboratory infrastructure may be lacking. Additionally, the development of combination tests that detect both HIV antibodies and antigens has improved the sensitivity and specificity of diagnostics, further driving market growth.

Government initiatives and funding programs play a crucial role in the expansion of the HIV diagnostic test market. Numerous countries have implemented national HIV testing campaigns, supported by international organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNAIDS, to increase awareness and encourage voluntary testing. Financial support from governments and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) has facilitated the distribution of testing kits and the establishment of testing facilities, particularly in high-prevalence regions. These initiatives have significantly contributed to the increased adoption of HIV diagnostic tests globally.

The regional outlook for the HIV diagnostic test market reveals significant variances in market dynamics across different areas. North America and Europe dominate the market due to well-established healthcare infrastructure, high awareness levels, and robust funding mechanisms. The Asia Pacific region is expected to witness the fastest growth during the forecast period, primarily due to the high burden of HIV infections in countries like India and China, coupled with increasing government efforts to enhance testing and diagnosis rates. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa also present substantial growth opportunities, driven by rising healthcare investments and improving access to diagnostic services.

In the realm of HIV diagnostics, Hemotransmissive Infections Testing has emerged as a critical component in ensuring the safety of blood transfusions and organ transplants. This testing is essential to prevent the transmission of HIV and other blood-borne pathogens, thereby safeguarding recipients from potential infections. As the demand for safe blood and tissue products increases, the integration of hemotransmissive infections testing into standard screening protocols has become paramount. This approach not only enhances patient safety but also builds public confidence in healthcare systems. The continuous advancements in testing technologies have made it possible to detect infections with greater accuracy and speed, contributing significantly to the overall growth of the HIV diagnostic market.

Test Type Analysis

The HIV diagnostic test market is segmented into several test types, including antibody tests, antigen/antibody combination tests, nucleic acid tests (NATs), and others. Antibody tests, which detect the presence of antibodies produced by the immune system in response to HIV infection, continue to hold a significant share of the market. These tests are widely used due to their affordability, ease of use, and reliability. Rapid antibody tests have further enhanced the convenience of testing, allowi

This research aimed to help two project countries (Malawi and Lesotho) increase access to learning for students living in high HIV prevalence areas who were at risk of grade repetition or school drop-out, through (i) complementing classroom teaching with self-study learner guides to provide more open, distance and flexible delivery of the curriculum and (ii) strengthening community support for learning. The research objectives were: (1) To increase understanding of how open, distance and flexible learning (ODFL) can be used to address the factors that disrupt schooling by conducting research with school teachers and community members; (2) To design and implement an intervention in primary schools (Grade 6) in Malawi and Junior secondary schools (Grade B) in Lesotho over one school year (January to November 2009); (3)To evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention in reducing student absenteeism, drop-out and grade-repetition using an experimental design; (4) To disseminate the new knowledge gained to enable appropriate, evidence informed policy development to better integrate and more open and flexible curriculum delivery into schools and strengthen community support for vulnerable learners. ODFL initiatives, structures and networks that are already in place to implement HIV/AIDS policies were firstly identified through analyses of secondary data. Case studies were developed in contrasting communities severely affected by HIV and AIDS to identify contextual factors that can lead to exclusion from conventional schooling and dropping out. The case studies are complemented by data collected using a range of approaches such as semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, informal discussions with family members, participatory activities and observation. Based on this formative research, a pilot intervention will then be made through secondary schools to identify and trial a small-scale ODFL intervention package designed to overcome the barriers to conventional schooling identified in the case studies. The intervention will be evaluated qualitatively and also quantitatively using an experimental design. The impact was evaluated in a randomized controlled trial. In each country there were 20 schools in the intervention group and 20 schools in the control group. Data to evaluate the impact of the programme on school attendance, drop-out and grade repetition were collected before and after the intervention. Student achievement was assessed by testing children in Mathematics and English before and after the intervention. The study was conducted in 4 stages: (1) Sampling and randomization of schools; (2) Intervention design (informed by synthesizing existing knowledge, generating new knowledge and inviting critical comment from all stakeholders); (3) Intervention implementation; (4) Intervention evaluation. This study aimed to increase access to education and learning for young people living in high HIV prevalence areas in Malawi and Lesotho, by developing a new, more flexible model of education that uses open, distance and flexible learning (ODFL) to complement and enrich conventional schooling. The findings showed that in Malawi, the programme reduced overall student drop-out by 42% (OR=0.58). This effect was not significantly different among at-risk children targeted by the program and those not targeted in their class suggesting the intervention had spillover effects beyond the intended beneficiaries. There were improvements in mathematics scores for at risk students and a history of grade repetition was a better predictor of future drop-out than orphan-hood. In Lesotho the intervention reduced absenteeism and improved Mathematics and English scores. These findings suggest that the intervention reached the most vulnerable and was effective in increasing access to education and learning. The data collection includes: (I)Quantitative data from the intervention group schools and the control group schools in each of the two project countries to evaluate the impact of the intervention on school attendance, school drop-out and progression to the next grade;the quantitative data set for the Malawi data contains 438 variables for 3275 individuals(40 schools in 2 districts). The quantitative data set for the Lesotho data contains 56 variables for 5528 individuals(34 schools in 2 locations-high altitude and low altitude). Data ware collected from the intervention and the control schools during the pre-intervention baseline survey in October 2008, monthly monitoring forms and the post-intervention follow-up survey in November 2009. Data were collected using the following instruments: (1)pre-intervention pupil questionnaire to gather data on pupil characteristics; (2)pre-and post intervention tests in Mathematics and English;(3) a school checklist to collate data on attendance and progression from school records and monthly SOFIE monitoring forms) with additional questions included for intervention schools to collect data on process indicators during the mid-term and post intervention school visits); (4) pupil tracking records to maintain up-to-date information on pupil educational status. (II)Qualitative data were collected help explain the findings from the quantitative data by providing information on the implementation process and on how the intervention was received. These data were collected through SSIs with intervention class teachers, youth club leaders, school heads and members of the school management committee; FGDs with community members; workshops with ‘at-risk’ pupils to explore their views on schooling and on the intervention; and follow up interviews with workshop participants. (3) Diaries of Teacher's and Club-leader's(Scanned Documents) . The entities under study were in Malawi: primary school students in grade 6 and in Lesotho: junior secondary school students in class B (second year).

HIV literature has grown exponentially since it was named the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Bibliometric analysis is a practical approach for quantitatively and qualitatively assessing scientific research. This work aims to describe HIV research output in Africa by country from 1986 until 2020. We conducted a search of the PubMed database in June 2021 for a 35-year period spanning 1986 to 2020. We comparatively weighed for countries’ populations, gross domestic product (GDP), and the number of persons living with HIV (PLHIV) by calculating the ratio of the number of publications from each country. We used Poisson regression models to explore the trends in countries’ HIV research output over the study period. The Pearson correlation analysis assessed the association between research output, population size, GDP, and the number of PLHIV.A total of 83,527 articles from African countries on HIV indexed in PubMed were included for analysis. Republic of South Africa, Uganda, Kenya, and Nigeria account for 54% of the total indexed publications with 33.2% (26,907); 8.4% (7,045); 7.3% (6,118); and 5.1% (4,254), respectively. Africa’s proportion of the world’s total HIV publications increased from 5.1% in 1986 to 31.3% in 2020. There was a strong positive and statistically significant correlation between the total indexed HIV publications and countries’ GDP (r = 0.59, P

Austria AT: Antiretroviral Therapy Coverage: % of People Living with HIV data was reported at 86.000 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 84.000 % for 2016. Austria AT: Antiretroviral Therapy Coverage: % of People Living with HIV data is updated yearly, averaging 62.500 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2017, with 18 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 86.000 % in 2017 and a record low of 29.000 % in 2000. Austria AT: Antiretroviral Therapy Coverage: % of People Living with HIV data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Austria – Table AT.World Bank: Health Statistics. Antiretroviral therapy coverage indicates the percentage of all people living with HIV who are receiving antiretroviral therapy.; ; UNAIDS estimates.; Weighted average;

In 2022, it was estimated that there were roughly *** thousand people in Thailand living with HIV. Comparatively, it was estimated that there were around *** thousand people in Timor-Leste living with HIV that year.

HIV AIDS Diagnostics Market Outlook

The global HIV AIDS diagnostics market size was valued at approximately USD 2.5 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 4.8 billion by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.2% during the forecast period. The market size expansion is driven by several factors including advancements in diagnostic technologies, increasing prevalence of HIV/AIDS, and greater accessibility to diagnostic services globally.

One of the primary growth factors for the HIV AIDS diagnostics market is the continuous technological advancements in diagnostic methods. Innovations such as the development of rapid, point-of-care tests and enhanced laboratory techniques have significantly improved the accuracy, speed, and convenience of HIV diagnosis. These advancements not only assist in early detection but also facilitate timely treatment, thereby reducing the transmission rates and improving patient outcomes. The integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning in diagnostic tools has further enhanced the precision of these tests, making them more reliable and efficient.

Another significant factor contributing to the market growth is the global increase in the prevalence of HIV/AIDS. Despite numerous efforts to curb the spread of the disease, HIV/AIDS remains a major public health issue, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The rising number of HIV cases necessitates the need for more comprehensive and accessible diagnostic services. This urgency has led to increased funding and investments from both governmental and non-governmental organizations to improve diagnostic infrastructures, particularly in regions with high infection rates.

Moreover, the increasing awareness and initiatives to promote HIV testing have played a crucial role in market expansion. Campaigns and programs aimed at educating the public about the importance of early HIV detection and regular testing have led to higher testing rates. Additionally, initiatives to reduce the stigma associated with HIV/AIDS have encouraged more individuals to undergo testing. This shift towards proactive health management and the normalization of HIV testing is expected to drive the market growth further over the forecast period.

HIV 1 Screening Tests are a fundamental component in the early detection and management of HIV/AIDS. These tests are specifically designed to identify the presence of HIV-1, the most common type of HIV virus, in the human body. The importance of HIV 1 Screening Tests lies in their ability to detect the virus at an early stage, which is crucial for timely intervention and treatment. Early detection through these tests can significantly reduce the risk of transmission and improve the quality of life for those living with HIV. As the demand for accurate and rapid screening increases, the development of more sophisticated HIV 1 Screening Tests continues to be a priority for healthcare providers and researchers worldwide.

From a regional perspective, North America and Europe have traditionally dominated the HIV AIDS diagnostics market due to their advanced healthcare infrastructure and high awareness levels among the general population. However, significant growth is expected in the Asia Pacific and Africa regions, driven by increasing healthcare expenditure, rising prevalence of HIV/AIDS, and concerted efforts by governments and international organizations to improve diagnostic capabilities and access. The market in these regions is anticipated to grow at a higher CAGR compared to developed regions.

Product Type Analysis

The HIV AIDS diagnostics market is segmented into kits and reagents, instruments, and software & services. Kits and reagents make up the largest segment due to their widespread usage in both clinical and home settings. These products include rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) that are essential for initial screening and confirmation of HIV infection. The continuous development of more accurate and user-friendly kits has bolstered this segment, making testing more accessible and less invasive.

Instruments, although a smaller segment compared to kits and reagents, play a critical role in the diagnostic process, particularly in laboratory settings. Instruments include automated systems and analyzers that facilitate high-throughput testing, ensuring quick turnaround times and accurate results. The demand for sophi

HIV Point of Care Testing Market Outlook

The global HIV Point of Care (POC) Testing market size was valued at approximately USD 1.2 billion in 2023 and is anticipated to reach USD 2.5 billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 8.5% over the forecast period. The growth of this market is primarily driven by the increasing prevalence of HIV/AIDS, the need for early diagnosis, and advancements in testing technologies.

One of the major growth factors for the HIV POC Testing market is the rising prevalence of HIV/AIDS globally. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there were an estimated 37.7 million people living with HIV at the end of 2020. The high incidence rates necessitate frequent and accessible testing options to manage and control the spread of the virus effectively. Point of Care testing offers an immediate diagnostic solution, which is crucial in the timely initiation of treatment and management of HIV/AIDS.

Technological advancements in diagnostic testing are also key drivers of market growth. Newer POC testing methods offer higher accuracy, faster results, and ease of use compared to traditional laboratory tests. Innovations such as lateral flow assays and other advanced testing technologies allow for the rapid detection of HIV in various settings, including remote and resource-limited areas. These advancements are particularly beneficial in improving healthcare access and outcomes in low- and middle-income countries, where the burden of HIV/AIDS is often the highest.

The increasing awareness and governmental initiatives aimed at combating HIV/AIDS are significantly contributing to the market's growth. Various programs and campaigns are being implemented globally to educate populations about HIV prevention, testing, and treatment options. Governments and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are also investing in the distribution of POC testing kits and the establishment of POC testing centers, particularly in high-prevalence regions. These initiatives not only enhance the accessibility of testing but also reduce the stigma associated with HIV testing, encouraging more individuals to get tested.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Rapid Test Kits have emerged as a pivotal tool in the fight against HIV/AIDS. These kits provide a quick and reliable method for detecting the presence of HIV antibodies, allowing for immediate results. The accessibility and ease of use of these rapid test kits make them an ideal solution for both healthcare professionals and individuals seeking to know their HIV status. As the demand for rapid testing grows, manufacturers are focusing on enhancing the sensitivity and specificity of these kits to ensure accurate diagnosis. The availability of these kits in pharmacies and clinics has significantly increased the reach of HIV testing, especially in regions with limited healthcare infrastructure.

Regional disparities in HIV prevalence and healthcare infrastructure impact the HIV POC Testing market's growth. North America and Europe, with their advanced healthcare systems and high awareness levels, are significant markets for POC testing. However, Asia Pacific and Africa are anticipated to witness the fastest growth due to increasing healthcare investments and the high burden of HIV in these regions. The focus on expanding healthcare access and improving diagnostic capabilities in developing countries will play a crucial role in the market's expansion over the forecast period.

Product Type Analysis

The HIV POC Testing market can be segmented by product type into test kits, instruments, and consumables. Test kits are the most significant segment, driven by their ease of use, portability, and quick turnaround times. These kits often include all necessary components to perform the test, making them suitable for use in various settings, from hospitals to home care. The demand for test kits is expected to rise as they offer a practical solution for early diagnosis and help reduce the spread of the virus.

Instruments used in HIV POC testing, such as portable analyzers, also contribute significantly to the market. These instruments provide higher accuracy and reliability in test results compared to manual methods. They are particularly useful in clinical settings where consistent and precise results are critical. Although the initial investment in instruments can be high, their long-term utility and the increasing need for accu

HIV Antiretroviral Therapy Market Outlook

The HIV antiretroviral therapy market size was valued at USD 30 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 45 billion by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.5%. This impressive growth can be attributed to several factors, including increasing awareness about HIV, advancements in drug formulations, and the expansion of healthcare infrastructure in developing regions.

One of the primary growth drivers for the HIV antiretroviral therapy market is the increasing global prevalence of HIV/AIDS. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 37.7 million people were living with HIV worldwide in 2020, and this number is expected to rise if new infections are not curtailed. The growing awareness about the importance of early diagnosis and continuous treatment has led to an increased demand for antiretroviral drugs. Additionally, government initiatives and international funding aimed at combating the HIV epidemic have significantly boosted the market.

Another factor contributing to the market's growth is the advancement in antiretroviral drug formulations. Modern treatments are more effective, have fewer side effects, and require less frequent dosing compared to earlier drugs. Pharmaceutical companies are investing heavily in research and development to bring forth next-generation antiretroviral therapies, such as long-acting injectables and improved combination therapies. These advancements not only improve patient compliance but also enhance the quality of life for those living with HIV.

The expansion of healthcare infrastructure, particularly in developing countries, is another significant growth factor. As more regions gain access to better healthcare services and facilities, the diagnosis and treatment rates of HIV/AIDS are expected to rise. Countries in Asia Pacific and Africa are increasingly focusing on strengthening their healthcare systems, which includes improving access to antiretroviral therapy. This, coupled with international support and funding, is likely to drive market growth in these regions.

From a regional perspective, North America and Europe currently dominate the HIV antiretroviral therapy market, owing to their advanced healthcare systems, higher healthcare expenditure, and robust R&D activities. However, the Asia Pacific region is expected to witness the highest growth rate during the forecast period, driven by increasing HIV prevalence, improving healthcare infrastructure, and rising awareness about HIV/AIDS. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are also anticipated to register substantial growth, supported by international aid programs and government initiatives aimed at controlling the HIV epidemic.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Drugs have been at the forefront of medical research and development, playing a pivotal role in transforming HIV from a fatal disease to a manageable chronic condition. The development of these drugs has been marked by significant milestones, including the introduction of combination therapies that target different stages of the viral life cycle. These therapies have drastically reduced the viral load in patients, improving their quality of life and increasing life expectancy. Continuous innovation in HIV drugs is essential to address the challenges of drug resistance and to enhance treatment efficacy. The market for HIV drugs is expected to grow as new formulations and delivery methods, such as long-acting injectables, are developed to improve patient adherence and outcomes.

Drug Class Analysis

The HIV antiretroviral therapy market is segmented based on drug class, including Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs), Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs), Protease Inhibitors (PIs), Integrase Inhibitors, Entry Inhibitors, and others. NRTIs form one of the cornerstone classes of antiretroviral therapy. These drugs work by incorporating themselves into the viral DNA of HIV, preventing the virus from replicating. The widespread use of NRTIs in first-line treatments and their inclusion in combination therapies have significantly bolstered their market share.

Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs) also play a crucial role in HIV treatment. Unlike NRTIs, NNRTIs bind directly to the reverse transcriptase enzyme, inhibiting its action and thereby preventing the HIV virus from multiplying. The effectiveness

BackgroundApproximately 2.4 million people are living with HIV in India. This large disease burden, and potential for epidemic spread in some areas, demands a full understanding of transmission in that country. We wished to quantify the effects of key sexual risk factors for HIV infection for each gender and among high- and low-HIV risk populations in India. MethodologyWe conducted a systematic review of sexual risk factors for HIV infection from 35 published studies. Risk factors analyzed were: male circumcision/religion, Herpes Simplex Virus 2, syphilis, gonorrhoea, genital ulcer, multiple sexual partners and commercial sex. Studies were included if they met predetermined criteria. Data were extracted and checked by two researchers and random-effects meta analysis of effects was conducted. Heterogeneity in effect estimates was examined by I2 statistic. Publication bias was tested by Begg's test and funnel plots. Meta regression was used to assess effect modification by various study attributes. ResultsAll risk factors were significantly associated with HIV status. The factor most strongly associated with HIV for both sexes was HSV-2 infection (ORmen: 5.87; 95%CI: 2.46–14.03; ORwomen: 6.44; 95%CI: 3.22–12.86). The effect of multiple sexual partners was similar among men (OR = 2.46; 95%CI: 1.91–3.17,) and women (OR = 2.02; 95%CI: 1.43–2.87) and when further stratified by HIV-risk group. The association between HSV-2 and HIV prevalence was consistently stronger than other STIs or self-reported genital ulcer. If the strong associations between HSV-2 and HIV were interpreted causally, these results implied that approximately half of the HIV infections observed in our study population were attributable to HSV-2 infection. ConclusionsThe risk factors examined in our analysis should remain targets of HIV prevention programs. Our results confirm that sexual risk factors for HIV infection continue to be an important part of Indian HIV epidemic 26 years after it began.

Bolivia BO: Antiretroviral Therapy Coverage: % of People Living with HIV data was reported at 52.000 % in 2022. This stayed constant from the previous number of 52.000 % for 2021. Bolivia BO: Antiretroviral Therapy Coverage: % of People Living with HIV data is updated yearly, averaging 6.000 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2022, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 52.000 % in 2022 and a record low of 0.000 % in 2002. Bolivia BO: Antiretroviral Therapy Coverage: % of People Living with HIV data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bolivia – Table BO.World Bank.WDI: Social: Health Statistics. Antiretroviral therapy coverage indicates the percentage of all people living with HIV who are receiving antiretroviral therapy.;UNAIDS estimates.;Weighted average;

The states with the highest rates of HIV diagnoses in 2022 included Georgia, Louisiana, and Florida. However, the states with the highest number of people with HIV were Texas, California, and Florida. In Texas, there were around 4,896 people diagnosed with HIV. HIV/AIDS diagnoses In 2022, there were an estimated 38,043 new HIV diagnoses in the United States, a slight increase compared to the year before. Men account for the majority of these new diagnoses. There are currently around 1.2 million people living with HIV in the United States. Deaths from HIV The death rate from HIV has decreased significantly over the past few decades. In 2023, there were only 1.3 deaths from HIV per 100,000 population, the lowest rate since the epidemic began. However, the death rate varies greatly depending on race or ethnicity, with the death rate from HIV for African Americans reaching 19.2 per 100,000 population in 2022, compared to just three deaths per 100,000 among the white population.