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This dataset provides values for RETIREMENT AGE MEN reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.
Israel, Iceland, and Norway had the highest current retirement ages worldwide of the 45 countries included at 67 years. Meanwhile, Indonesia had the highest effective retirement age at 69.
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This dataset provides values for RETIREMENT AGE WOMEN reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.
Monaco is the country with the highest median age in the world. The population has a median age of around 57 years, which is around six years more than in Japan and Saint Pierre and Miquelon – the other countries that make up the top three. Southern European countries make up a large part of the top 20, with Italy, Slovenia, Greece, San Marino, Andorra, and Croatia all making the list. Low infant mortality means higher life expectancy Monaco and Japan also have the lowest infant mortality rates in the world, which contributes to the calculation of a higher life expectancy because fewer people are dying in the first years of life. Indeed, many of the nations with a high median age also feature on the list of countries with the highest average life expectancy, such as San Marino, Japan, Italy, and Lichtenstein. Demographics of islands and small countries Many smaller countries and island nations have populations with a high median age, such as Guernsey and the Isle of Man, which are both island territories within the British Isles. An explanation for this could be that younger people leave to seek work or education opportunities, while others choose to relocate there for retirement.
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This dataset provides values for RETIREMENT AGE MEN reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.
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License information was derived automatically
This dataset provides values for RETIREMENT AGE MEN reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.
Monaco had the highest life expectancy among both men and women worldwide as of 2024. That year, life expectancy for men and women was ** and ** years, respectively. The East Asian countries and regions, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, and Macao, followed. Many of the countries on the list are struggling with aging populations and a declining workforce as more people enter retirement age compared to people entering employment.
The dependency ratio is a measure of the proportion of a country's population who are either below the age of being able to take up full-time employment or past the retirement age. A higher dependency ratio generally means that a country must fund a higher amount of public services used by dependents from a smaller tax base of full-time earners. On the other hand, having a high young person dependency ratio is markedly different from countries with an older population, as the money invested in younger people today will result in more full-time earners in the future. Countries with a very high old-age dependency ratios may struggle to fund their pension systems, as there are many people withdrawing with fewer people paying into the system. Except for Serbia, all EU candidate countries had smaller dependency ratios than the European Union average. In particular, Turkey has a much lower total dependency ratio than the EU, with 2.17 working age individuals per every dependent person, compared to 1.75 working age people in the EU. Considering the old-age dependency ratio, the difference expands further. In 2024, there were 6.6 citizens in working age for every person aged 65 and older, while the EU had around three workers for every European aged 65 and older. The EU's high old-age dependency ratio is often considered a key economic weakness of the bloc, as countries such as Italy and Germany have elderly and declining populations, leading them to have skills shortages. The youthful age profile of these candidate countries could therefore benefit the European Union, as it would provide it with a larger pool of young workers. On the other hand, countries which are particularly wary of allowing countries into the Union that may increase immigration within the bloc may look at this negatively, such as Austria and the Netherlands.
As of January 1, 2025, retirees in Russia received a gross pension of approximately ******** Russian rubles on average, or ****U.S. dollars per month at the exchange rate as of May 16, 2025. The reform of 2019 introduced a retirement age hike to gradually increase the retirement age to 60 years for women and 65 years for men until 2028. Pensions in Russia are guaranteed by the state, like in many European countries. Pension growth in Russia The amount of retirement benefits in Russia increased by roughly ******* Russian rubles, or *** percent, over the course of 2024. The pensions increased more significantly than prices in the country, as Russia's annual inflation rate stood at around *** percent in the same year. Pensioners in Russia Despite the increase in pension amounts, there has been a decrease in the number of individuals entitled to receive pensions until the start of 2024. As of January 1, 2025, the number of pensioners in Russia reached roughly **** million, more than a year prior. That corresponded to nearly *** pensioners per 1,000 population.
A vast majority of Indians said they retired at the age they had planned to as per a 2018 survey aimed at studying the attitudes and preparedness for retirement in the country. According to the global findings of the same survey, Indians were the most prepared for retirement that year compared to other countries across the globe.
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Abstract The aim of this study is to analyze the impacts of population aging on pay-as-you-go pension schemes in three countries: Brazil, Spain and France. Benefits and contributions are calculated based on current rules and population projections by sex and age group, up until 2100. From 2016 to 2100, the number of old-age benefits in the three countries is expected to increase by 235%, 54% and 73%. By 2050, ceteris paribus, the Brazilian deficit will amount to USD 188 billion, reaching USD 260 billion in 2100. For France and Spain figures will be USD 134 billion and USD 92 billion. In 2100, the Spanish per capita deficit will be the highest: USD 7,200, against USD 5,400 (France) and USD 3300 (Brazil). Two additional exercises are included. The first is the calculation of the Necessary Contribution Rate. By 2016 Brazil’s rate should already be at 40%. For the other countries, the rates should be 23% (France) and 32% (Spain). In 2050, unless some action is taken, the Brazilian rate will surpass an absurd 100%, and by 2100, an unreal 160%. The second exercise was the calculation of the Average Balance Benefit. For Spain, there would be a reduction of USD 884 per month to USD 372 by 2050. For Brazil, the current balance benefit of USD 248 would be reduced, by 2050, to USD 98. Reduction in Brazil (60%) is almost the same as in Spain (58%). The results provide evidence of the need for pension reforms due to aging.
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Hungary Central Government Expenditure: Year to Date: FS: Provisions Below Retirement Age data was reported at 77,047.011 HUF mn in Oct 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 69,505.105 HUF mn for Sep 2018. Hungary Central Government Expenditure: Year to Date: FS: Provisions Below Retirement Age data is updated monthly, averaging 73,350.111 HUF mn from Jan 2012 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 82 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 279,982.398 HUF mn in Dec 2012 and a record low of 7,776.594 HUF mn in Jan 2017. Hungary Central Government Expenditure: Year to Date: FS: Provisions Below Retirement Age data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Hungarian State Treasury. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Hungary – Table HU.F009: Central Government Revenue and Expenditure.
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The main topics of this Eurobarometer are:
Paying attention to product information,
Social security,
Older people and retirement questions.
Topics: Citizenship and eligibility to vote at place of residence; general contentment with life; personal opinion leadership and frequency of political discussions; interest in politics; postmaterialism; frequency of listening to news on the radio, television and reading news in the paper.
Product information: paying attention to product information before purchase of foods and non-foodstuffs; detailed information on significance of selected product information in the decision to purchase vegetables, ready-to-serve meals, fruits, meat, fish, clothing, cosmetics, furniture, televisions, washing and cleansing agents; additionally desired product information and preference for Europe-wide standardization.
Social security: judgement on the social security system and social security in the country; preference for government or individual provision and Europe-wide standardization; adequate welfare for the unemployed, the old, the sick and the poor in the country; preference for national or European decisions in questions of establishing minimum income, unemployment benefit and pensions; attitude to equal treatment of locals and foreigners in questions of social security; impact from longer-term illnesss and disabilities; contacts with doctors during the last month or restrictions due to illness; inclination to visit the doctor for selected health complaints; utilization of medical check-ups; appropriateness of a percentage of the costs of selected medical services for patients; self-treatment and use of medication on doctor´s orders; general judgement on provision of medical care in the country; attitude to the public health system and judgement on services (scale); possession of a private health insurance or supplementary insurances; attitude to government support for the less well-off; assumed insufficient knowledge of the less well-off about support services to which they are entitled; doing without support for fear of discrimination; family responsibility for prosperity of family members and government responsibility for elimination of poverty (scale); judgement on the length of maternity leave and support servicesduring this time; attitude to particular help for single-parents; child allowance for everyone or only for parents less financially well-off; times of unemployment during the last five years; probability of future unemployment; preference for high unemployment support of short duration or low unemployment support for a longer time; attitude to the rights and duties of the unemployed regarding rejecting jobs available and further education; assumed reduction of the number of unemployed from reduction of support.
Older people and retirement questions: most important problems of older people; attitude to older people (scale); expected development of the retirement age and retirement income; increase in the welfare state with increased support for older people; desire for equal treatment of men and women regarding retirement age, pension fund contributions and pensions; assessment of appropriate participation of older people in politics, in social activities and in the media; attitude to permitted paid occupation of the retired; perceived discrimination of older people in professional life; attitude to legal protection against age discrimination; appropriate consideration of the interests of older people by public agencies; preferred level of guaranteed minimum income for older people; preference for care in a home or for people in need of care to remain in their home environment; looking after members of the family or friends in need of care; most able care-giver; attitude to a flexible age limit; appropriate amount of a survivor´s pension; attitude to rights to a pension for raising children and care of old family members or those in need of care; attitude to reduction of pension with work income; self-assessment of level of standard of living; assessment of general amount of pension; preference for compulsory, employer-related or private retirement insurance as well as for compulsory or private nursing care insurance.
Demography: self-classification on a left-right continuum; union membership; marital status; age at end of education; sex; age; size of household; number of children in household; possession of durable economic goods; occupational p...
Further information may be found on the the ELSA project website or the Natcen Social Research: ELSA web pages.
Health conditions research with ELSA - June 2021
The ELSA Data team have found some issues with historical data measuring health conditions. If you are intending to do any analysis looking at the following health conditions, then please contact the ELSA Data team at NatCen on elsadata@natcen.ac.uk for advice on how you should approach your analysis. The affected conditions are: eye conditions (glaucoma; diabetic eye disease; macular degeneration; cataract), CVD conditions (high blood pressure; angina; heart attack; Congestive Heart Failure; heart murmur; abnormal heart rhythm; diabetes; stroke; high cholesterol; other heart trouble) and chronic health conditions (chronic lung disease; asthma; arthritis; osteoporosis; cancer; Parkinson's Disease; emotional, nervous or psychiatric problems; Alzheimer's Disease; dementia; malignant blood disorder; multiple sclerosis or motor neurone disease).
Special Licence Data:
Special Licence Access versions of ELSA have more restrictive access conditions than versions available under the standard End User Licence (see 'Access' section below). Users are advised to obtain the latest edition of SN 5050 (the End User Licence version) before making an application for Special Licence data, to see whether that is suitable for their needs. A separate application must be made for each Special Licence study.
Special Licence Access versions of ELSA include:
Where boundary changes have occurred, the geographic identifier has been split into two separate studies to reduce the risk of disclosure. Users are also only allowed one version of each identifier:
ELSA Wave 6 and Wave 8 Self-Completion Questionnaires included an open-ended question where respondents could add any other comments they may wish to note down. These responses have been transcribed and anonymised. Researchers can request access to these transcribed responses for research purposes by contacting the ELSA Data Team at NatCen.
These datasets contains all the variables in the EUL pension grid dataset (SN 5050) as well as two additional variables of year and age the respondent will reach/reached state pension age. These data have more restrictive access conditions than those available under the standard End User Licence (see 'Access' section).
Latest edition information
For the third edition (September 2024) Wave 9 and Wave 10 data and accompanying documentation were added to the study.
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United Kingdom % of Household: by Type: 1 Person: Over State Pension Age data was reported at 13.433 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 13.378 % for 2015. United Kingdom % of Household: by Type: 1 Person: Over State Pension Age data is updated yearly, averaging 13.248 % from Dec 1996 (Median) to 2016, with 21 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13.656 % in 2013 and a record low of 12.893 % in 2011. United Kingdom % of Household: by Type: 1 Person: Over State Pension Age data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.H027: Number of Households, Household Size and Type.
In 2021, Omani citizens made up the largest share of Gulf Cooperation Council citizens who received retirement benefits in other GCC member states, at **** percent. Saudi Arabia had the second highest share of citizens who received retirement benefits in other GCC member states, with **** percent. Qatari, Kuwaiti, and Emirati citizens made up the smallest proportion, with less than *** percent each.
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The Benefit Fact Sheets provide a high-level view of trends in social welfare receipt. This dataset focuses on New Zealand Superannuation and Veteran's Pension recipients.
Einstellung zum Euro. Euro-Münzen und Euro-Banknoten. Der Euro als mentaler Maßstab für Preisberechnungen. Einfluss des Euro auf das Reisen. Makroökonomische Einschätzungen. Einstellung zu Wirtschaftsreformen. Themen: Bewertung des Euro als gute Sache; Veränderung der eigenen europäischen Identität durch den Euro; Beurteilung der Unterscheidbarkeit von und des Umgangs mit Euro-Scheinen und Euro-Münzen; Euro-Münzen, die besondere Schwierigkeiten bereiten; Zufriedenheit mit der derzeitigen Auswahl von Euro-Münzen; Umrechnung von Euro in die alte Landeswährung bei außergewöhnlichen Anschaffungen (z.B. Autokauf) und gewöhnlichen Anschaffungen; Auslandsreise mindestens einmal jährlich; Nützlichkeit des Euro auf Reisen (einfacher und kostengünstiger, vereinfachte Preisvergleiche in anderen EU-Ländern, Verringerung der Bankgebühren an Geldautomaten in anderen EU-Ländern); Einstellung zum Ausmaß der Abstimmung zwischen den Regierungen der Eurozone; Einstellung gegenüber wirtschaftlichen Reformen in den Ländern der Eurozone (Skala: Reformbedarf zur Verbesserung der Wirtschaftsleistung, erleichterte Reformen im eigenen Land durch erfolgreiche Reformen in anderen Ländern der Eurozone, Forderung nach Einsparungen hinsichtlich des demografischen Wandels, Forderung nach einer Erhöhung des Renteneintrittsalters, wirksamere Wirtschaftsreformen bei Koordinierung auf EU-Ebene); Reformbereiche mit den positivsten und den negativsten Auswirkungen auf die Wirtschaft im Land; Beurteilung der Wichtigkeit von sektorbezogenen Reformen im Land (Arbeitsmarkt, Gesundheitssystem, Rentensystem, Sozialversicherungssystem, Reform von Märkten, Steuern, Bildungssystem); Einschätzung der Inflationsrate im Land (kategorisiert); erwartete Veränderung der Inflationsrate im Vergleich zum letzten Jahr; Veränderung des Haushaltseinkommens seit dem letzten Jahr und erwartete Entwicklung. In der Slowakei und Estland wurde zusätzlich gefragt: Nützlichkeit der doppelten Preisauszeichnung in der Umstellungsphase; Beurteilung des Einflusses der Euro-Einführung auf die Preise. Demographie: Alter; Geschlecht; Staatsangehörigkeit; Alter bei Beendigung der Ausbildung; Beruf; berufliche Stellung; Region; Urbanisierungsgrad; Besitz eines Mobiltelefons; Festnetztelefon im Haushalt; Haushaltszusammensetzung und Haushaltsgröße. Zusätzlich verkodet wurde: Befragten-ID; Land; Interviewmodus (Mobiltelefon oder Festnetz); Interviewsprache; Gewichtungsfaktor. Attitude towards the euro. Topics: having the euro is a good thing for the EU; strengthened feeling of European identity due to euro; difficulty to distinguish and handle euro bank notes and specific coins; opinion about the number of existing coins; conversion from the price in euro to the national currency when it comes to exceptional and common purchases; usefulness of continued dual price displays (only in countries that introduced the euro in the last three years); prices increased during the changeover period (only in countries that introduced the euro in the last three years); travels outside the own country at least once a year; impact of the introduction: more convenient travel in other countries, easier price comparisons with other countries, save money by eliminating fees of currency exchange in other countries; preference for more or less co-ordination among euro-area governments; need for significant reforms to improve economy; successful reforms in other euro area countries facilitate reforms in the own country; governments need to save for the ageing populations; retirement age should be increased to ensure sustainability of the pension system; more effectiveness of economic reforms if they are carried out in a coordinated way at EU-level; economic fields with the most positive and the most negative effects from reforms in the own country ; importance of reforms to help increase growth and employment in the areas: labour market, health system, pension system, social security system, market reforms, taxation, education systems; inflation rate in the own country last year; expectations regarding the inflation rate in the current year; development of household income since last year and expectations for the current year. Demography: age; sex; nationality; age at end of education; occupation; professional position; region; type of community; own a mobile phone and fixed (landline) phone; household composition and household size. Additionally coded was: respondent ID; country; type of phone line; language of the interview; weighting factor.
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Portugal SB: Volume: Оld Age: Social Old Age Pension data was reported at 24,433.000 Unit in Jan 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 24,405.000 Unit for Dec 2019. Portugal SB: Volume: Оld Age: Social Old Age Pension data is updated monthly, averaging 25,871.000 Unit from Mar 2004 (Median) to Jan 2020, with 164 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 31,177.000 Unit in Mar 2004 and a record low of 24,114.000 Unit in May 2015. Portugal SB: Volume: Оld Age: Social Old Age Pension data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistics Portugal. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Portugal – Table PT.G042: Social Security Benefits: Volume.
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Ukraine Population: Economically Inactive: Pensioners by Age, Disability and in Early Age Retirement data was reported at 52.800 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 53.300 % for 2015. Ukraine Population: Economically Inactive: Pensioners by Age, Disability and in Early Age Retirement data is updated yearly, averaging 49.600 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2016, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 53.300 % in 2015 and a record low of 47.700 % in 2005. Ukraine Population: Economically Inactive: Pensioners by Age, Disability and in Early Age Retirement data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ukraine – Table UA.G004: Population: Economically Inactive.
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This dataset provides values for RETIREMENT AGE MEN reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.