In 2021, it was estimated that the Pacific island country Nauru had the highest death rate from cardiovascular disease in the world, with around 694 deaths per 100,000 population. In 2021, ischemic heart disease was the leading cause of death worldwide, resulting in over nine million deaths.

In 2021, South Korea had the lowest rate of death from ischemic heart disease among OECD countries, with around ** deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. In comparison, there were around *** deaths due to ischemic heart disease per 100,000 population in Lithuania. Cardiovascular disease worldwide Fatty deposits accumulating in the inner wall of the coronary artery which restrict blood flow to the heart cause ischemic heart disease (IHD) and can also precipitate heart attacks and strokes. Cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking, heavy alcohol use, and unhealthy diet are more prevalent in Eastern European countries, contributing to a much higher burden of cardiovascular diseases and deaths. In Russia, the general public greatly underestimates the burden of cardiovascular diseases with the actual number of deaths over ** percent higher than what people estimate. Prevention and intervention Invasive interventions for heart disease can include surgical procedures such as heart bypass surgery- where blood is diverted around clogged parts of major arteries- which ranges in cost around the world. Other medical interventions include the use of prescribed or over-the-counter drugs, such as prescription nitrates or beta blockers, or OTC medications like aspirin. Lifestyle factors to lower blood pressure and cholesterol levels can help decrease risk of heart attacks and other cardiovascular diseases, including maintaining a healthy diet, regular physical activity, and smoking and alcohol cessation.

In 2021, it was estimated that Pakistan had the highest death rate from rheumatic heart disease worldwide, with around 18 deaths per 100,000 population. This was followed by Nepal and India, with both countries estimated to have around 14 deaths from rheumatic heart disease per 100,000 population.

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD), the principal long-term sequel of acute rheumatic fever (ARF), has been a major contributor to cardiac-related mortality in general population, especially in developing countries. With improvement in health and sanitation facilities across the globe, there has been almost a 50% reduction in mortality rate due to RHD over the last 25 years. However, recent estimates suggest that RHD still results in more than 300,000 deaths annually. In India alone, more than 100,000 deaths occur due to RHD every year (Watkins DA et al., N Engl J Med, 2017). Children and adolescents (aged below 15 years) constitute at least one-fourth of the total population in India. Besides, ARF is, for the most part, a pediatric disorder. The pediatric population, therefore, requires special consideration in developing countries to reduce the burden of RHD. In the developed world, Kawasaki disease (KD) has emerged as the most important cause of acquired heart disease in children. Mirroring global trends over the past two decades, India also has witnessed a surge in the number of cases of KD. Similarly, many regions across the globe classified as “high-risk” for ARF have witnessed an increasing trend in the incidence of KD. This translates to a double challenge faced by pediatric health care providers in improving cardiac outcomes of children affected with ARF or KD. We highlight this predicament by reviewing the incidence trends of ARF and KD over the last 50 years in ARF “high-risk” regions.

As of 2023, the countries with the highest death rates worldwide were Monaco, Bulgaria, and Latvia. In these countries, there were ** to ** deaths per 1,000 people. The country with the lowest death rate is Qatar, where there is just *** death per 1,000 people. Leading causes of death The leading causes of death worldwide are, by far, cardiovascular diseases, accounting for ** percent of all deaths in 2021. That year, there were **** million deaths worldwide from ischaemic heart disease and **** million from stroke. Interestingly, a worldwide survey from that year found that people greatly underestimate the proportion of deaths caused by cardiovascular disease, but overestimate the proportion of deaths caused by suicide, interpersonal violence, and substance use disorders. Death in the United States In 2023, there were around **** million deaths in the United States. The leading causes of death in the United States are currently heart disease and cancer, accounting for a combined ** percent of all deaths in 2023. Lung and bronchus cancer is the deadliest form of cancer worldwide, as well as in the United States. In the U.S. this form of cancer is predicted to cause around ****** deaths among men alone in the year 2025. Prostate cancer is the second-deadliest cancer for men in the U.S. while breast cancer is the second deadliest for women. In 2023, the tenth leading cause of death in the United States was COVID-19. Deaths due to COVID-19 resulted in a significant rise in the total number of deaths in the U.S. in 2020 and 2021 compared to 2019, and it was the third leading cause of death in the U.S. during those years.

BackgroundOf the total 56 million deaths worldwide during 2012, 38 million (68%) were due to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), particularly cardiovascular diseases (17.5 million deaths) cancers (8.2 million) which represents46.2% and 21.7% of NCD deaths, respectively). Nearly 80 percent of the global CVD deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries. Some of the major CVDs such as ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke and CVD risk conditions, namely, hypertension and dyslipidaemia share common modifiable risk factors including smoking, unhealthy diets, harmful use of alcohol and physical inactivity. The CVDs are now putting a heavy strain of the health systems at both national and local levels, which have previously largely focused on infectious diseases and appalling maternal and child health. We set out to estimate district-level co-occurrence of two cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), namely, ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke; and two major risk conditions for CVD, namely, hypertension and dyslipidaemia in South Africa.MethodThe analyses were based on adults health collected as part of the 2012 South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES). We used joint disease mapping models to estimate and map the spatial distributions of risks of hypertension, self-report of ischaemic heart disease (IHD), stroke and dyslipidaemia at the district level in South Africa. The analyses were adjusted for known individual social demographic and lifestyle factors, household and district level poverty measurements using binary spatial models.ResultsThe estimated prevalence of IHD, stroke, hypertension and dyslipidaemia revealed high inequality at the district level (median value (range): 5.4 (0–17.8%); 1.7 (0–18.2%); 32.0 (12.5–48.2%) and 52.2 (0–71.7%), respectively). The adjusted risks of stroke, hypertension and IHD were mostly high in districts in the South-Eastern parts of the country, while that of dyslipidaemia, was high in Central and top North-Eastern corridor of the country.ConclusionsThe study has confirmed common modifiable risk factors of two cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), namely, ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke; and two major risk conditions for CVD, namely, hypertension and dyslipidaemia. Accordingly, an integrated intervention approach addressing cardiovascular diseases and associated risk factors and conditions would be more cost effective and provide stronger impacts than individual tailored interventions only. Findings of excess district-level variations in the CVDs and their risk factor profiles might be useful for developing effective public health policies and interventions aimed at reducing behavioural risk factors including harmful use of alcohol, physical inactivity and high salt intake.

This statistic displays the mortality rate from coronary heart disease in the United Kingdom in 2022, by country. In that year, Scotland had the highest death rate from the disease, with *** deaths per 100,000 population.

In 2019, the leading causes of death worldwide were ischemic heart disease, stroke, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). That year, ischemic heart disease and stroke accounted for a combined ** percent of all deaths worldwide. Although the leading causes of death worldwide vary by region and country, heart disease is a consistent leading cause of death regardless of income, development, size, or location. Heart disease In 2019, around **** million people worldwide died from ischemic heart disease. In comparison, around **** million people died from lung cancer that year, while *** million died from diabetes. The countries with the highest rates of death due to heart attack and other ischemic heart diseases are Lithuania, Russia, and Slovakia. Although some risk factors for heart disease, such as age and genetics, are unmodifiable, the likelihood of developing heart disease can be greatly reduced through a healthy lifestyle. The biggest modifiable risk factors for heart disease include smoking, an unhealthy diet, being overweight, and a lack of exercise. In 2019, it was estimated that around *** million deaths worldwide due to ischemic heart disease could be attributed to smoking. The leading causes of death in the United States Just as it is the leading cause of death worldwide, heart disease is also the leading cause of death in the United States. In 2023, heart disease accounted for ** percent of all deaths in the United States. Cancer was the second leading cause of death in the U.S. that year, followed by accidents. As of 2023, the odds that a person in the United States will die from heart disease is * in *. However, rates of death due to heart disease have actually declined in the U.S. over the past couple decades. From 2000 to 2022, there was a *** percent decline in heart disease deaths. On the other hand, deaths from Alzheimer’s disease saw an increase of *** percent over this period. Alzheimer’s disease is currently the sixth leading cause of death in the United States, accounting for **** deaths per 100,000 population in 2023.

Rheumatic Heart Disease Market Outlook

The global rheumatic heart disease market size was valued at approximately USD 1.8 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 2.6 billion by 2032, expanding at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.2% during this period. The growth factors contributing to this market expansion include the increasing prevalence of rheumatic heart disease, advancements in diagnostic technologies, and a rising awareness of preventive healthcare measures. The growing burden of rheumatic heart disease, especially in low- and middle-income countries, is a primary driver of market growth. Additionally, the enhanced focus on early detection and intervention has led to a surge in demand for diagnostic tools and treatments, further propelling market expansion.

One of the critical growth factors in the rheumatic heart disease market is the increasing global awareness and initiatives aimed at early diagnosis and treatment of rheumatic fever and its progression to rheumatic heart disease. Organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and various non-governmental organizations have been actively involved in campaigns to educate populations, especially in endemic regions, about the importance of early treatment and prophylactic measures. These initiatives are crucial as they help reduce the incidence and prevalence of the disease, thereby fostering a larger market for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, ongoing research is focused on improving existing diagnostic methods, making them more accessible and cost-effective for broader population bases, thus spurring market growth.

Technological advancements in diagnostic methods play a significant role in the growth of the rheumatic heart disease market. Innovations in imaging techniques, like high-resolution echocardiograms, provide more accurate and early detection capabilities. Additionally, the integration of artificial intelligence in healthcare for predictive diagnostics and personalized treatment plans has started gaining traction in this market. The incorporation of AI technologies allows for enhanced diagnostic accuracy and efficiency, thereby contributing to the market's growth. Furthermore, continuous improvements in blood test methodologies for disease markers allow for more reliable diagnostic information, promoting early disease management and increasing the demand for these diagnostic tools.

The surge in healthcare infrastructure development in emerging economies offers significant growth opportunities for the rheumatic heart disease market. As these regions witness improvements in healthcare facilities and accessibility, there is a corresponding rise in the diagnosis and treatment rates of rheumatic heart disease. Governments in countries with high rheumatic fever incidences are investing in healthcare programs that focus on expanding diagnostic and therapeutic services, which is expected to drive market growth significantly. Moreover, the increasing number of healthcare professionals trained to handle cardiovascular diseases, including rheumatic heart disease, further supports market development and fosters a healthy competitive environment that encourages improvements in healthcare delivery.

Regionally, the Asia Pacific region holds a significant share of the rheumatic heart disease market due to the high prevalence of rheumatic fever and subsequent heart disease cases in countries such as India and China. The region's large population base, coupled with increasing healthcare expenditures, is driving the demand for better diagnostic and treatment options. North America and Europe, while having lower incidence rates due to better preventive measures and healthcare standards, still contribute significantly to the market due to advancements in healthcare technology and research. The Middle East & Africa region, with its strategic healthcare initiatives aimed at tackling communicable diseases, is also emerging as a potential market, although it faces challenges related to healthcare accessibility and economic constraints.

Diagnosis Analysis

The diagnostic segment of the rheumatic heart disease market is diversified into various sub-segments, including echocardiograms, electrocardiograms, blood tests, chest X-rays, and others. Echocardiograms stand out as a pivotal diagnostic tool due to their capability to provide detailed images of the heart's structure and function, which are crucial for detecting valvular abnormalities caused by rheumatic fever. The non-invasive nature and widespread availability of echocardiograms contribute to their dominant position in the market. Technological

This statistic shows the number of deaths due to heart attacks in the European Union (EU) in 2014, by country. In Germany 121,477 people died as a result of a heart attack, followed by Italy with 69,653 people.

BackgroundModifiable risk factors are major drivers of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to determine the epidemiological trend and age-period-cohort effects on CVD burden attributable to dietary risks and high body mass index (BMI) across China and Pakistan from 1990 to 2019.MethodsData on the all-ages and age-specific CVD burden, age-standardized CVD mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rates were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Joinpoint regression analysis was conducted to find temporal trends and age-period-cohort (APC) modeling was used to estimate age, period, and cohort effects on CVD burden.ResultsBetween 1990 and 2019, the all-ages CVD burden attributable to dietary risks and high BMI increased by ~2-3-fold in China and by 3-5-fold in Pakistan. The diet-related CVD age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rate significantly decreased in China but increased in Pakistan. Both countries showed a marked increasing trend of CVD ASMR and the age-standardized DALYs rate attributable to high BMI. Taiwan in China showed a remarkable reduction in CVD burden. However, in Pakistan, all regions observed a significantly increasing trend of CVD burden attributable to modifiable risk factors. A higher risk ratio of premature CVD mortality (

Additional file 4. The deaths number of ischemic heart disease attributed to diet high in processed meat in 204 countries.

The MONICA study is a WHO supported international multicenter study of risk factors for cardiovascular disease (Multinational MONItoring of trends and determinants in CArdiovascular disease), involving 38 populations in 21 different countries on four continents.
The study started in the beginning of the 1980s. The background was that younger persons have low risk factor levels (overweight, high blood pressure, high serum cholesterol), but the levels are increasing in higher ages. Several mechanisms are probably reasons for this. In Gothenburg a total of 4500 men and women were examined within the MONICA project in the ages 25-65. The surveys took place in 1985, 1990 and 1995.

Purpose:

To measure the trends in cardiovascular mortality and coronary heart disease and stroke morbidity and to assess the extent to which these trends are related to changes in known risk factors, daily living habits, health care, or major socioeconomic features measured at the same time in defined communities in different countries.

Ischemic Heart Disease Drugs Market Outlook

The global ischemic heart disease drugs market size was valued at approximately USD 45 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach around USD 72 billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 5.5% during the forecast period. This growth is fueled by increasing prevalence of ischemic heart diseases across the world, advancements in pharmaceutical research, and heightened awareness of cardiovascular health. Factors contributing to the market expansion include an aging population, sedentary lifestyles, and a surge in chronic conditions such as obesity and diabetes, which are significant risk factors for ischemic heart disease.

A primary growth factor for the ischemic heart disease drugs market is the rising incidence of ischemic heart diseases globally. With urbanization and the modernization of lifestyles, there is an increase in risk factors such as unhealthy diets, lack of physical activity, and high stress levels, leading to higher numbers of people suffering from heart diseases. Chronic conditions like hypertension and diabetes, which are closely linked to heart health, are also on the rise, further driving the demand for effective ischemic heart disease treatments. Additionally, there is a growing awareness of these conditions and their impact on overall health, prompting more individuals to seek early and preventive medical interventions.

Another critical growth factor is the advancement in pharmaceutical research and development. There has been a significant increase in the development of novel drugs and therapies targeting ischemic heart disease. Pharmaceutical companies are investing heavily in R&D to discover more effective and safer drug formulations, which has resulted in a robust pipeline of potential new treatments. These advancements not only promise more effective management of heart disease but also the potential for innovations such as personalized medicine approaches, which tailor treatment plans to the individual patient's needs, enhancing therapeutic outcomes.

Economic and policy factors also play a role in the market's growth. Many governments and health organizations are implementing policies to better manage and prevent heart diseases, which include increased funding for healthcare infrastructure and public health campaigns promoting heart health awareness. These policies are pivotal in encouraging early diagnosis and treatment, which in turn drives demand for ischemic heart disease drugs. Moreover, the rise in healthcare expenditure across developed and developing countries, coupled with improved access to healthcare facilities, is facilitating better diagnosis and treatment of ischemic heart conditions, further bolstering market growth.

Regionally, North America currently holds a significant portion of the ischemic heart disease drugs market due to its advanced healthcare infrastructure, high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, and substantial R&D investments. However, Asia Pacific is expected to witness the highest growth rate during the forecast period due to increasing healthcare expenditure, improving medical infrastructure, and a growing patient population. The rapid urbanization and lifestyle changes in countries such as China and India contribute to the rising number of ischemic heart disease cases, thus creating a burgeoning demand for effective treatments in this region.

Drug Type Analysis

The drug type segment of the ischemic heart disease drugs market includes antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, statins, and others. Antiplatelet agents are commonly prescribed for patients with ischemic heart disease to prevent blood clot formation and reduce the risk of heart attacks. These drugs work by inhibiting platelet aggregation, thus ensuring smoother blood flow through arteries. The development of newer generation antiplatelet agents that have improved efficacy and safety profiles continues to drive their demand. Furthermore, ongoing research aimed at minimizing side effects and enhancing therapeutic outcomes is expected to further bolster their market share.

Anticoagulants are another crucial segment in the treatment of ischemic heart disease, particularly in patients at high risk of clot-related events. These drugs help to prevent the formation of harmful blood clots, which can lead to stroke or heart attack. The anticoagulant market has experienced significant advancements with the introduction of

Ischemic heart disease (IEC-9: 410-414 and CIE10: I20-I25)* was responsible for 7.8 % of deaths in the study period. In order of frequency it ranked second among the causes of death and from 1990 to 2004 it experienced an average annual decrease of 3.3 %. The distribution of mortality in the CAPV does not respond to an obvious geographical pattern, showing scattered high and low-risk sections.

GlobalData's clinical trial report, “Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Global Clinical Trials Review, H2, 2020" provides an overview of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) (Ischemic Heart Disease) Clinical trials scenario. This report provides top line data relating to the clinical trials on Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) (Ischemic Heart Disease). Report includes an overview of trial numbers and their average enrollment in top countries conducted across the globe. The report offers coverage of disease clinical trials by region, country (G7 & E7), phase, trial status, end points status and sponsor type. Report also provides prominent drugs for in-progress trials (based on number of ongoing trials). GlobalData Clinical Trial Reports are generated using GlobalData’s proprietary database – Pharma – Clinical trials database. Clinical trials are collated from 80+ different clinical trial registries, conferences, journals, news etc across the globe. Clinical trials database undergoes periodic update by dynamic process. Read More

In 2021, Madagascar had the highest age-standardized death rate due to heart disease, with *** deaths per 100,000 individuals in the country. This was the highest recorded rate in the East African region. On the other hand, Ethiopia had the lowest heart disease death rate, with *** deaths per 100,000 people.

Medications For Heart Failure Market Outlook

The global market size for Medications for Heart Failure was valued at approximately USD 10.5 billion in 2023 and is anticipated to reach USD 18.9 billion by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.7% during the forecast period. The growth of this market is driven by several factors including the increasing prevalence of heart failure, advancements in pharmaceutical formulations, and a growing elderly population that is more susceptible to cardiovascular diseases.

One of the significant growth factors for the Medications for Heart Failure market is the rising prevalence of heart disease globally. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, with heart failure being a significant contributor. The aging population, particularly in developed countries, is at higher risk, thereby increasing the demand for effective heart failure medications. Additionally, lifestyle diseases such as diabetes and hypertension, which are comorbid conditions in many heart failure patients, are on the rise, further fueling market growth.

Another critical factor driving the market is the continuous advancements in pharmaceutical research and development. Recent innovations have led to the introduction of new drug classes and combinations that offer better efficacy and fewer side effects. For instance, the development of ARNi (Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin inhibitors) has provided a new treatment option that significantly improves outcomes in heart failure patients. These advancements are expected to continue, resulting in more effective treatments becoming available to patients over the forecast period.

The increasing healthcare expenditure in both developed and developing nations is also a vital driver for this market. Governments and private entities are investing heavily in healthcare infrastructure and services, making advanced medications more accessible to the general population. Additionally, increased awareness about heart failure and its management among healthcare professionals and patients is contributing to higher diagnosis rates and subsequent treatment, boosting the market growth.

Regionally, North America holds the largest share of the Medications for Heart Failure market, driven by a high prevalence of heart failure, advanced healthcare infrastructure, and significant healthcare expenditure. Europe follows closely, with countries like the UK, Germany, and France contributing significantly to market growth. The Asia Pacific region is expected to witness the highest growth rate, attributed to its large population base, increasing healthcare spending, and improving access to healthcare services. Emerging economies in Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are also showing promising potential due to increasing urbanization and better healthcare facilities.

Drug Class Analysis

The Medications for Heart Failure market is segmented by drug class into ACE Inhibitors, Beta Blockers, Diuretics, Aldosterone Antagonists, ARBs, and others. ACE Inhibitors, such as enalapril and lisinopril, have been a cornerstone in the treatment of heart failure for many years. They are widely prescribed due to their efficacy in reducing mortality and morbidity associated with heart failure. These drugs work by dilating blood vessels, thereby improving blood flow and reducing the workload on the heart. The market for ACE Inhibitors is expected to continue growing due to their established role in heart failure management.

Beta Blockers, including drugs like metoprolol and carvedilol, are another essential class of medications used in heart failure. These drugs help by slowing down the heart rate and reducing blood pressure, which decreases the heart's demand for oxygen and improves its efficiency. The market for Beta Blockers is anticipated to grow steadily, driven by their effectiveness and the increasing number of patients diagnosed with heart failure. Moreover, ongoing research is likely to introduce new Beta Blockers with enhanced efficacy and fewer side effects.

Diuretics, often referred to as water pills, play a critical role in managing fluid retention in heart failure patients. Drugs like furosemide and spironolactone help eliminate excess fluid from the body, reducing symptoms such as swelling and shortness of breath. The market for diuretics is expected to remain robust, given their essential role in symptomatic relief for heart failure patients. New formulations and combination therapies involving diuretics are likely to further boost this segment.</p&

The National Population Health Survey (NPHS) is designed to collect information related to the health of the Canadian population. The first cycle of data collection began in 1994, and will continue every second year thereafter. The survey will collect not only cross-sectional information, but also data from a panel of individuals at two-year intervals.The target population of the NPHS includes household residents in all provinces, with the principal exclusion of populations on Indian Reserves, Canadian Forces Bases and some remote areas in Quebec and Ontario. Separate surveys were conducted to cover the Yukon, the Northwest Territories and the Institutions ( long term residents of hospitals and residential care facilities) and will be presented at a later stage.. The NPHS data are stored in four different data sets. Some information was collected from all household members. This information is stored in the General file. From each household, one person, aged 12 years and over, was selected to answer a more in-depth questionnaire related to health. These data are stored on the Health file. Each record on the General file corresponds to a household member. The General file carries the socio-demographic variables as well as health utilization variables. There are 58,439 records and 129 variables in the General file. The Health file contains 17,626 records and 439 variables.The Supplemental file is a subset of the health sample. Certain individuals in the Health sample were asked to answer supplemental questions. This file contains 13,400 records and 1023 variables.A special component of the program is a survey designed for people living in health care institutions, including hospitals, nursing homes, and residential facilities for persons with disabilities. This Institutional file contains data collected in 1995 from 2287 long-term residents of health care institutions in the provinces. Data between the files can be linked using the variable recno. Note: This data is also linked to the National Longitudinal Survey of Children

BackgroundCardiovascular (CV) diseases are the most common cause of death worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the incidence and type of first CV event in a broad cohort of Spaniards, focusing on age and sex differences.MethodsThis was a retrospective study using the SIDIAP database. Subjects aged 30–89 years in 2010 were included. Individuals with prevalent CV disease or atrial fibrillation were excluded. Subjects were followed until the occurrence of a CV event, death, or the study end (December 2016). CV outcomes (coronary heart disease [CHD], cerebrovascular or peripheral artery disease and heart failure [HF]) during follow-up were analyzed. Clinical, anthropometrical, and laboratory data were retrieved from clinical records.ResultsOverall, 3,769,563 at-risk individuals (51.2 ± 15.2 years) were followed for a median of 7 years. The cumulative incidence of a first CV event was 6.66% (men vs. women, 7.48% vs. 5.90%), with the highest incidence (25.97%) among individuals >75 years. HF (29%) and CHD (28.8%) were the most common first events overall; in men it was CHD (33.6%), while in women it was HF and cerebrovascular disease (37.4% and 27.4%). In younger age groups, CHD was more prevalent, with HF in older age groups. Baseline CV risks factors conferred more risk in younger ages and differed between men and women.ConclusionsThe incidence and type of the first CV event in this Mediterranean region were significantly influenced by age and sex. This information is relevant for tailoring primary prevention strategies including the treatment of risk factors.