Given the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak on the Romanian economy, it is expected that inflation will also be affected. Inflation is expected to increase from 3.3 percent to 3.5 percent in 2021.

For further information about the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, please visit our dedicated Facts and Figures page.

Before the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, the inflation rate in 2020 and 2021 was projected to be *** and *** percent respectively in Egypt. However, with the baseline assumption that coronavirus subsided in *********, it was estimated that the inflation would be slightly higher for 2020 at *** percent and with *** percent in 2021. When considering the pandemic to persist to *************, it is projected that the inflation rate for 2020 would be eight percent, while 2021 would be *** percent.

Prior to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, the inflation rate in Morocco in 2020 and 2021 was expected at * and *** percent, respectively. On the contrary, under a baseline scenario, inflation was projected at *** percent in 2020 and *** percent in 2021. Moreover, under a worst case scenario, where the pandemic continued to the end of 2020, inflation rate was estimated at *** and *** percent for 2020 and 2021 respectively.

This data package includes the underlying data to replicate the charts, tables, and calculations presented in Labor market tightness and inflation before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, PIIE Working Paper 24-23.

If you use the data, please cite as:

Bloesch, Justin. 2024. Labor market tightness and inflation before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. PIIE Working Paper 24-23. Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics.

Prior to the occurrence of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, inflation in Algeria for 2020 and 2021 was projected at * and *** percent, respectively. However, under a baseline scenario where COVID-19 subsides by *********, the inflation rate is estimated to reach *** percent in 2020 and *** percent in 2021. Moreover, under a worst-case assumption, the inflation rate in 2020 and 2021 is expected to be *** and *** percent respectively.

As of June 2020, the projected inflation rate in Ethiopia was revised, considering the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Before the outbreak, the inflation was projected at **** percent in 2020 and *** percent in 2021. Under the assumption of a worst-case scenario, where the pandemic continues to the end of 2020, the outlook was reviewed to **** percent and **** percent as of 2020 and 2021, respectively.

The data set provides readers with a spike in rates of poor and near-poor households in April 2020, along with inflation, food and food price indexes, and consumer price indexes. in the first half of 2020 compared to the same period of the previous year.

Having reliable, timely data on poverty and inequality is critical to assess the distributional impact of and recovery from COVID-19 and high inflation on households and to make near-real time evidence-based strategic decisions. Partnering with the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) and Caucasus Research Resource Centers (CRRC), the South Caucasus team in the Poverty and Equity Global Practice at the World Bank conducted a series of Georgia High Frequency Survey to monitor the impact of these events on households in Georgia. This eighth round of the survey is augmented by including questions on the impact of high inflation, disruption in employment and schooling, concerns over environmental risks, and access to health services during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Replication Data for: Synchronization without similarity. The effects of COVID-19 pandemic on GDP growth and inflation in the Eurozone

This data package includes the underlying data to replicate the charts, tables, and calculations presented in Fiscal policy and the pandemic-era surge in US inflation: Lessons for the future, PIIE Working Paper 24-22.

If you use the data, please cite as:

Dynan, Karen, and Douglas Elmendorf. 2024. Fiscal policy and the pandemic-era surge in US inflation: Lessons for the future. PIIE Working Paper 24-22. Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics.

Inflation Rate: 12 Months Expectation: Average data was reported at 7.000 % in Apr 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 6.000 % for Mar 2025. Inflation Rate: 12 Months Expectation: Average data is updated monthly, averaging 4.800 % from Aug 1987 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 453 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7.900 % in Jun 2022 and a record low of 3.600 % in Oct 1995. Inflation Rate: 12 Months Expectation: Average data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The Conference Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.H050: Consumer Confidence Index: Inflation Rate Expectation. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic was projected to affect Ghana's rate of inflation. The inflation rate was estimated at *** percent for 2020 and *** percent for 2021, before the outbreak of the virus. However, due to the pandemic, inflation projections in the country amounted to **** percent and *** percent for 2020 and 2021, respectively (under a baseline scenario). Furthermore, on the assumption that the COVID-19 pandemic got even worse, the rate of inflation was revised at **** percent and **** percent. It can therefore be seen that the studied impact was estimated to increase both under baseline and worst-case scenarios of COVID-19. Overall, on August 1, 2020, the highest daily increase in cases was recorded in Ghana.

United States Breakeven Inflation: 10-Year data was reported at 2.340 % in 15 May 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.370 % for 14 May 2025. United States Breakeven Inflation: 10-Year data is updated daily, averaging 2.130 % from Jan 2003 (Median) to 15 May 2025, with 5597 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.020 % in 21 Apr 2022 and a record low of 0.500 % in 19 Mar 2020. United States Breakeven Inflation: 10-Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.I: Breakeven Inflation Rate. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Data for the manuscript entitled "Global Financial Crisis, Covid-19, and Russia-Ukraine War: Are the Effects of Macroeconomic Shocks on Global Inflation Different?

As of June 2020, the projected inflation rate in South Africa for the same year was revised to *** percent, after the fallout of the coronavirus outbreak. The projection was done under the assumption of a worst-case scenario, where the pandemic persists to the end of 2020. Before the occurrence of COVID-19, the inflation rate was expected at *** percent.

On the other hand, the inflation rate for 2021 was reviewed to *** percent, in a worst-case scenario, whereas the previous outlook (before the pandemic) was at five percent.

Russia Inflation Expectation: Next 1-2 Months: Increase Significantly data was reported at 30.764 % in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 29.826 % for Feb 2025. Russia Inflation Expectation: Next 1-2 Months: Increase Significantly data is updated monthly, averaging 34.000 % from Jun 2012 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 97 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 60.742 % in Feb 2022 and a record low of 20.000 % in Feb 2018. Russia Inflation Expectation: Next 1-2 Months: Increase Significantly data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Russian Public Opinion Research Center. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Household Survey – Table RU.HE007: Inflation Expectations and Perception: Russian Public Opinion Research Center (VCIOM). [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Iceland Businesses Inflation Expectations: 2 year: Average data was reported at 3.700 % in Mar 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3.800 % for Dec 2024. Iceland Businesses Inflation Expectations: 2 year: Average data is updated quarterly, averaging 3.950 % from Sep 2008 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 50 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7.100 % in Sep 2008 and a record low of 2.900 % in Mar 2020. Iceland Businesses Inflation Expectations: 2 year: Average data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Iceland. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Iceland – Table IS.I017: Inflation Expectations. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

This data package includes the underlying data to replicate the charts presented in Lessons from China's fiscal policy during the COVID-19 pandemic, PIIE Working Paper 24-7.

If you use the data, please cite as: Huang, Tianlei. 2024. Lessons from China's fiscal policy during the COVID-19 pandemic. PIIE Working Paper 24-7. Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics.

Russia Inflation Perception: Last 1-2 Months: Can't Respond data was reported at 8.846 % in Jan 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 8.000 % for Dec 2023. Russia Inflation Perception: Last 1-2 Months: Can't Respond data is updated monthly, averaging 8.000 % from Apr 2017 (Median) to Jan 2024, with 81 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16.186 % in Jan 2018 and a record low of 3.500 % in May 2017. Russia Inflation Perception: Last 1-2 Months: Can't Respond data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Russian Public Opinion Research Center. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Household Survey – Table RU.HE007: Inflation Expectations and Perception: Russian Public Opinion Research Center (VCIOM). [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Indonesia Business Survey: Inflation Expectation: Construction data was reported at 3.778 % in Dec 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 3.680 % for Sep 2022. Indonesia Business Survey: Inflation Expectation: Construction data is updated quarterly, averaging 3.646 % from Jun 2013 (Median) to Dec 2022, with 39 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7.298 % in Sep 2013 and a record low of 3.180 % in Jun 2021. Indonesia Business Survey: Inflation Expectation: Construction data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank Indonesia. The data is categorized under Indonesia Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table ID.SD008: Business Survey: Inflation Expectation. [COVID-19-IMPACT]