As of May 2021, U.S. investor Blackrock Inc owned more than seven percent of total shares of pharmaceutical companies AstraZeneca, Pfizer, Novavax, and Johnson & Johnson, respectively. The statistic illustrates major shareholdings iat select pharmaceutical companies which are involved in the development and production of COVID-19 vaccines as of May 2021, by investor.

As of April 26, 2023, roughly 367 million Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine doses had been administered in the United States. This statistic shows the number of COVID-19 vaccinations administered in the United States as of April 26, 2023, by manufacturer.

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Covid-19 Vaccination Market 2024-2028

The covid-19 vaccination market size is forecast to increase by USD -32.76 billion, at a CAGR of -37.4% between 2023 and 2028. The market is experiencing significant growth due to the expansion of vaccination programs worldwide. Governments and international organizations are investing heavily in vaccination initiatives to contain the spread of the virus. The rising research and development (R&D) investment in the development of Covid-19 vaccines is another major growth factor. However, the high cost of production of Covid-19 vaccines poses a significant challenge to market growth. Manufacturers are exploring various strategies to reduce production costs while maintaining vaccine efficacy and safety. The market is expected to witness strong growth in the coming years as more effective and affordable vaccines become available. poiuyfrtyh

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Market Dynamics

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about an unprecedented global health crisis, leading to the development of numerous vaccines to mitigate its impact. This content focuses on various aspects of COVID-19 vaccines, including production, distribution, administration, efficacy, safety, and regulations. COVID-19 vaccine production has been a top priority for researchers and pharmaceutical companies worldwide. Several manufacturers have developed vaccines using various technologies such as mRNA, viral vector, and protein subunit, undergoing rigorous testing and clinical trials to ensure safety and efficacy. Once vaccines receive approval from regulatory bodies, they are distributed to healthcare facilities and vaccination centers, requiring careful planning and coordination. Governments and international organizations are working to ensure equitable distribution, prioritizing vulnerable populations and herd immunity. Vaccine administration involves healthcare professionals delivering vaccines through injections, with proper training and safety protocols to minimize adverse reactions. Efficacy refers to the vaccine's ability to prevent infection or reduce the severity of symptoms, with most vaccines showing high efficacy rates, ranging from 60% to 95%. Vaccine safety is monitored closely, and while common side effects include pain and swelling at the injection site, fever, and fatigue, serious side effects are rare.

Vaccine procurement involves purchasing vaccines from manufacturers, with governments securing supplies through contracts and partnerships. Vaccine allocation ensures that vaccines are distributed to specific populations, with priority given to vulnerable groups like healthcare workers and the elderly. Vaccine prioritization determines which populations should receive vaccines first, based on risk factors. Vaccine passports are digital or physical documents that prove vaccination status, and may be required for travel or work, with regulations varying by jurisdiction. Vaccine mandates, which require vaccination for employment or participation in certain activities, remain a controversial issue. Vaccine regulations ensure vaccines are safe and effective, and policies governing vaccine use in schools, workplaces, and travel may change as supplies and public health conditions evolve.

Covid-19 Vaccination Market Driver

The expansion of vaccination programs is the key driver of the market. The market is experiencing significant growth due to the increasing demand for vaccines as governments and healthcare organizations prioritize widespread vaccination to control the virus and achieve herd immunity. This heightened demand leads to increased production and sales for vaccine manufacturers, resulting in long-term procurement contracts being signed to ensure a consistent vaccine supply. These contracts provide stability and revenue for manufacturers, with more contracts expected to be established as vaccination programs expand.

Vaccine distribution, administration, and logistics are crucial elements in the vaccine market, requiring efficient vaccine storage, transportation, and scheduling. Vaccine safety, efficacy, and monitoring are also vital considerations, along with addressing vaccine hesitancy and acceptance through education and outreach efforts. Vaccine regulations, policies, and campaigns are essential in ensuring vaccine coverage, immunity, and compliance with side effects and potential mandates or certificates.

Covid-19 Vaccination Market Trends

Rising research and development investment is the upcoming trend in the market. The Covid-19 pandemic has necessitated the rapid development, production, and distribution of vaccines to prevent and treat the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Governments and the private sector have collaborated to invest in va

As of June 3, 2022, there were 1,521 drugs and vaccines in development targeting the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). American biotech company Moderna was the second ranked company worldwide with 12 drugs/vaccines in development targeting COVID-19.

According to a survey conducted in March 2021 among U.S. adults, around 75 percent of respondents stated that they either strongly approve or somewhat approve of how pharmaceutical companies handled the development of the COVID-19 vaccinations. This statistic illustrates the percentage of U.S. likely voters who approve of how pharmaceutical companies handled COVID-19 vaccine development.

The market is valued at USD 1,261.7 Million in 2025 and is estimated to reach USD 2,436.1 Million by 2035, growing at a CAGR of 6.8% during the forecast period.

Metric	Value
Industry Size (2025E)	USD 1,261.7 million
Industry Value (2035F)	USD 2,436.1 million
CAGR (2025 to 2035)	6.8%

Country-wise Outlook

Country	CAGR (2025 to 2035)
USA	7.1%

Country	CAGR (2025 to 2035)
UK	6.5%

Country	CAGR (2025 to 2035)
EU	6.7%

Country	CAGR (2025 to 2035)
Japan	6.4%

Country	CAGR (2025 to 2035)
South Korea	6.9%

Competitive Outlook

Company Name	Estimated Market Share (%)
Becton, Dickinson and Company (BD)	12-16%
Gerresheimer AG	10-14%
SCHOTT AG	8-12%
West Pharmaceutical Services, Inc.	6-10%
Catalent, Inc.	4-8%
Other Companies (combined)	45-55%

GlaxoSmithKline generated approximately 9.3 billion U.S. dollars from vaccine sales in 2021, making it the sixth largest vaccine company in the world based on revenue. Before the pandemic and the appearance of COVID-19 vaccines, the British pharmaceutical giant used to be the global leader in vaccines.

Analyzing vaccine sales of leading companies GlaxoSmithKline reported an annual revenue of 34.1 billion British pounds in 2021 – vaccine sales accounted for around 20 percent of that figure. Year-on-year sales of Shingrix, the company’s shingles vaccine, more than doubled to almost two billion British pounds in 2020. The leading vaccine of Merck & Co. is Gardasil/Gardasil 9, which can help in the prevention of certain cancers. The vaccine is one of Merck’s top-selling products and accounted for more than half of the company’s total vaccine sales. Pfizer generated vaccine sales of nearly 43 billion U.S. dollars in 2021, of course heavily boosted by its COVID-19 vaccine sales. The pneumococcal vaccine Prevnar 13/Prevenar 13 was the company’s second product based on revenue during that year.

The race for a coronavirus vaccine Until recently, and despite growth in the global vaccine market, there were only four big pharma companies with substantial vaccine operations. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the critical importance of vaccine research and development. Aided by government funding and partnerships, several smaller companies were among the first to enter the race to find vaccines and treatments for the disease. Biotech company Moderna, by applying its pioneering mRNA research to the problem, was among the first to bring a safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine to the broader market.

According to a forecast as of March, BioNTech's and Pfizer's vaccine against COVID-19 could generate sales revenues of nearly 22 billion U.S. dollars during 2021. The BioNTech/Pfizer vaccine was the first COVID-19 vaccine to be widely approved and used. German biotech company BioNTech saw a 156 percent growth in its shares in the last 12 months as of March 2021.

Will Moderna be the big winner? Moderna is expected to be the company with the largest sales revenues from a COVID-19 vaccine. Forecasts predict that the company will make around 43 billion U.S. dollars in sales through its vaccine. Interestingly, Moderna was established in 2010 and had never made profit before the pandemic. Thus, the development of the covid vaccine based on the latest mRNA technology will mark a definitive breakthrough for the Massachusetts-based biotech company. Moderna received significant funding through taxpayer money as well as help in research and development from the National Institutes of Health.

Vaccine pricing in a pandemic Drug pricing is always a big issue and this was also the case with COVID-19 vaccines. While some companies, like AstraZeneca, stated early on that prices for the vaccine will be on a non-profit base at least as long as the pandemic is ongoing, others took a more profit-oriented approach. However, even these companies state that their current prices are low special prices, taking into account urgent public health interests, which normally would be much higher. According to several projections, COVID-19 drugs and vaccines could establish a market worth some 40 billion U.S. dollars annually.

This document provides guidance to vaccine manufacturers seeking authorization for their vaccine that targets the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This guidance applies to applications under the interim order respecting the importation, sale and advertising of drugs for use in relation to COVID-19.

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Vaccine Research Market Size 2024-2028

The vaccine research market size is forecast to increase by USD 21.4 billion at a CAGR of 10.84% between 2023 and 2028. The market is witnessing substantial growth due to the persistently high prevalence of infectious diseases and the requirement for innovative vaccines to address chronic infections. Additionally, the advancement of adjuvants and vaccine delivery systems is significantly contributing to market expansion. This growth is driven by the increasing demand for efficient, accessible, and high-standard solutions. Companies in this sector are adapting their strategies to align with these trends, focusing on sustainability and operational efficiency to remain competitive. The market's future direction is influenced by these key drivers, ensuring its continued growth and evolution. As the industry progresses, the demand for advanced solutions continues to expand its scope.

What will be the size of the Vaccine Research Market during the forecast period?

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Vaccine Research Market Segmentation

The Vaccine Research market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018 - 2022 for the following segments.

End-user

  Public
  Private


Age Group

  Pediatric
  Adult


Geography

  North America

    Canada
    US


  Europe

    Germany
    UK


  Asia

    China


  Rest of World (ROW)

Which is the largest segment driving market growth?

The public segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

Government entities, including the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and the US National Institutes of Health (NIH), play a significant role in vaccine research. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, governments worldwide have made substantial investments in vaccine development, from basic science and pre-clinical stages through clinical trials. These efforts led to the creation of several effective COVID-19 vaccines. Governments have been instrumental in funding and supporting each phase of the vaccine development process. Immunization programs focus on various diseases, such as pneumococcal disease, measles, mumps, mono, and varicella, diphtheria, tetanus, HPV, MMR, rotavirus, influenza, hepatitis, typhoid, meningococcal, rabies, Japanese encephalitis, yellow fever, and polio.

Vaccines come in various forms, including injectable, oral, and nasal, and are produced by vaccine manufacturers, genomic research centers, academic institutions, and private laboratories. They are used in hospital settings, clinics, and pharmacies. Vaccines protect against microorganisms, toxins, and surface proteins, enhancing the immune system's response to pathogens. Vaccine research continues to address physiological disorders, allergies, cancer, and infectious diseases, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, Alzheimer's, inflammatory diseases, and self-antigens. Vaccines are available as combination vaccines, monovaccines, subunit, recombinant, polysaccharide, live-attenuated vaccines, inactivated vaccines, and DNA vaccines. Vaccines are crucial components of preventive healthcare and public health initiatives, reducing morbidity and mortality.

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The Public segment was valued at USD 12.10 billion in 2018 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Which region is leading the market?

North America is estimated to contribute 44% to the growth of the global Vaccine Research market during the forecast period.

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Technavio's analysts have elaborately explained the regional trends and drivers that shape the market during the forecast period.The market in North America is significantly driven by the high prevalence of both infectious and non-infectious diseases. In the US, influenza, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, HIV, measles, malaria, tuberculosis, and cancer are among the most common health concerns. The prevalence of these diseases continues to increase, particularly in developed countries. For instance, influenza cases peak annually in the US during November to February. Although vaccines have led to a decline in diseases like mumps, measles, and rubella (MMR), they have not been eradicated completely. Vaccine research focuses on various types, including conjugate, recombinant, live attenuated, toxoid, and inactivated vaccines.

These vaccines target various diseases, such as meningitis, pneumonia, and polio. Stakeholders In the market include government immunization programs, preventive healthcare providers, vaccine manufacturers, genomic research centers, academic institutions, private laboratori

This document provides guidance on establishment licensing, product quality and lot release to bring a COVID-19 vaccine to market in Canada.

The 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic revealed the urgent need for the acceleration of vaccine development worldwide. Rapid vaccine development poses numerous risks for each category of vaccine technology. By using the Risklick artificial intelligence (AI), we estimated the risks associated with all types of COVID-19 vaccine during the early phase of vaccine development. We then performed a postmortem analysis of the probability and the impact matrix calculations by comparing the 2020 prognosis to the contemporary situation. We used the Risklick AI to evaluate the risks and their incidence associated with vaccine development in the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our analysis revealed the diversity of risks among vaccine technologies currently used by pharmaceutical companies providing vaccines. This analysis highlighted the current and future potential pitfalls connected to vaccine production during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, the Risklick AI appears as an essential tool in vaccine development for the treatment of COVID-19 in order to formally anticipate the risks, and increases the overall performance from the production to the distribution of the vaccines. The Risklick AI could, therefore, be extended to other fields of research and development and represent a novel opportunity in the calculation of production-associated risks.

The size and share of the market is categorized based on Application (Adults, Children, Competitor Analysis, The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:, Key companies Covid-19 Vaccine revenues i) and Product (DNA, Non-replicating Viral Vector, Protein Subunit, RNA) and geographical regions (North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, South America, and Middle-East and Africa).

The 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic revealed the urgent need for the acceleration of vaccine development worldwide. Rapid vaccine development poses numerous risks for each category of vaccine technology. By using the Risklick artificial intelligence (AI), we estimated the risks associated with all types of COVID-19 vaccine during the early phase of vaccine development. We then performed a postmortem analysis of the probability and the impact matrix calculations by comparing the 2020 prognosis to the contemporary situation. We used the Risklick AI to evaluate the risks and their incidence associated with vaccine development in the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our analysis revealed the diversity of risks among vaccine technologies currently used by pharmaceutical companies providing vaccines. This analysis highlighted the current and future potential pitfalls connected to vaccine production during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, the Risklick AI appears as an essential tool in vaccine development for the treatment of COVID-19 in order to formally anticipate the risks, and increases the overall performance from the production to the distribution of the vaccines. The Risklick AI could, therefore, be extended to other fields of research and development and represent a novel opportunity in the calculation of production-associated risks.

The size of the Vaccine Contract Manufacturing Industry market was valued at USD 3.51 Million in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 7.37 Million by 2032, with an expected CAGR of 11.18% during the forecast period. Vaccine contract manufacturing is one of those specialized sectors that are manufacturing vaccines on behalf of other pharmaceutical companies. Several reasons push many firms into sourcing production at contract manufacturers: lower costs, increased capacity, and exploiting highly specialized expertise. In global healthcare systems, vaccine contract manufacturers play a highly significant role, especially in ensuring delivery in a timely and efficient manner in pandemic circumstances and more general public health emergencies. The process is very complex for vaccine contract manufacturing, ranging from production and culture of viral or bacterial antigens to purification, formulation, and filling into vials or syringes. The contract manufacturers must have highly set standards of quality and must meet all requirements given by the regulatory systems they use for manufacturing vaccines. The industry is very regulated since there are strict guidelines that ensure quality control and disinfection, which takes place through regular inspection. Vaccines are at the forefront in the prevention of infectious disease and in the protection of public health. They have undoubtedly been key in decreasing the cases of several diseases, including polio, measles, and smallpox. However, vaccine production does not take a lot of rocket science to perform. It is one of those tasks that require specialized facilities and equipment, as well as specialized expertise. Contract manufacturing has opened up the opportunity for pharmaceutical companies to focus on research and development and let the manufacturing process be left to experienced and reliable partners. Vaccine contract manufacturing has emerged as a critical practice in the last decade. The recent COVID-19 pandemic had leveraged the adoption of vaccine contract manufacturing. This was a race for the vaccines based on the development of COVID-19, and massive global effort included large pharmaceutical companies along with contract manufacturers who worked together towards addressing unprecedented levels of demand. Scaling up the manufacturing in the industry played a key role in curbing the spread of this virus and saving thousands of lives. Vaccine contract manufacturing is crucial not only in the management of pandemics but also in creating a solid safeguard for long-term availability of vaccines for a number of diseases. It helps pharmaceutical companies avoid reliance on a single manufacturing site that may be subject to interruptions, therefore giving less chance for break in supply chains. In addition, the factor is a critical component of vaccines supplied in developing countries where access to basic healthcare services can be really limited. Recent developments include: August 2022: Moderna inked an agreement with the Canadian government to construct a messenger RNA vaccine manufacturing factory in an undetermined location in Canada. According to the biotech firm, the partnership will give Canadians access to mRNA vaccines made in Canada against respiratory viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus., June 2022: Merck and Agilent Technologies collaborated with each other to advance process analytical technologies for downstream processing and overcome the gaps within downstream processing.. Key drivers for this market are: Advancements in Technology and Cost Benefits in Infrastructure and Operational Benefits, Increase in Initiatives Favoring Vaccinations; Favorable Patient Demographics and Growing Vaccinations of Newborns and Children. Potential restraints include: Rising High Costs of Vaccines, Lack of Storage Infrastructure and Limitations Associated with Supply Chain. Notable trends are: The Inactivated Vaccines Segment is Expected to Hold a Significant Share in the Vaccine Contract Manufacturing Market over the Forecast Period.

As of March 9, 2021, there were pre-purchase agreements for over three billion doses of AstraZeneca/Oxford's vaccine. This vaccine is by far the most sought after COVID-19 vaccine, especially due to its ability to be stored at normal refrigerator temperatures, while other vaccines might need ultra cold storage. Although still in phase III of clinical trials and without approval, Novavax's vaccine is the one with the second highest number of orders worldwide.

Global COVID-19 vaccine contracts At the same time, India had managed to secure around 2.2 billion COVID-19 vaccines doses, followed by the European Union which had signed pre-purchase agreements to secure nearly 1.84 billion doses of COVID-19 vaccines, while the United States already secured around 1.21 billion doses. AstraZeneca/Oxford's vaccine accounted for one billion doses of all vaccines secured by India, while also accounting for 300 million doses of all vaccines secured by the EU and the U.S., respectively.

Forecasted sales of COVID-19 vaccines As of November 2021, Comirnaty by BioNTech/Pfizer was the leading COVID-19 vaccine by forecasted sales revenue. It was expected to make around 36 billion U.S. dollars in sales revenue in 2021, followed by 29 billion dollars in 2022. Meanwhile, Spikevax by Moderna was projected to make 18 billion and 22 billion U.S. dollars in 2021 and 2022, respectively. Vaxzevria by AstraZeneca was forecasted to make 1.7 billion U.S. dollars in sales, followed by an additional 1.9 billion dollars by 2022. In contrast to most other biopharmaceutical companies, AstraZeneca had announced to sell its vaccine at almost net cost price.

Attitude on COVID-19 vaccination intention (hierarchical binary logistic regression).

The spread of the COVID-19 Delta variant has prompted many governments, schools, and companies to institute vaccine mandates. Proponents suggest that mandates will enhance public health and increase vaccination rates. Critics suggest that evidence of mandates’ effectiveness is unclear and warn that mandates risk increasing societal inequalities if unvaccinated minority groups opt out of educational, commercial, and social activities where mandates are required. We conduct an original survey experiment on a representative sample of 1,245 Americans to examine the efficacy and effect of COVID-19 mandates. Our findings suggest that mandates are unlikely to change vaccination behavior overall. Further, they may increase the likelihood that sizable percentages of the population opt out of activities where vaccines are mandated. We conclude that mandates that do go into effect should be accompanied by targeted, persuasive communications targeted to specific information needs and identities.

The Global Glass Bottles and Vials for Vaccines and Pharmaceutical market size was USD 18.27 Billion in 2022 and it is forecasted to reach USD 37.6 billion by 2030. Glass Bottles and Vials for Vaccines and the Pharmaceutical Industry's Compound Annual Growth Rate will be 9.6% from 2023 to 2030. The Driving Factor of the Glass Bottles and Vials for Vaccines and Pharmaceutical Market

Development of new glass types will drive the market

The major factor driving the Glass Bottles and Vials for Vaccines and Pharmaceutical market is the adoption of the new glass types. The newly developed glass former is used in the making of these glasses to eliminate the need of boron. The newly developed glass does not possess boron, resulting in chemically durable and uniform glass chemistry. However, Permanent engraving is being used by glass container producers to reduce years of manufacturing forgery, which is expected to increase demand. Additionally, the growth of the pharmaceutical industry over the globe drives the market.

Restraining Factor for Glass Bottles and Vials for Vaccines and Pharmaceutical Market

Rising adoption of the alternative packaging materials to hamper the growth of the market

The glass packaging is being continuously replaced by plastic in the pharmaceutical industry. Plastics have different characteristics such as cost-effectiveness, flexibility, impact resistance, easy molding, and other protective properties. The bottles made up from plastics are low cost, lightweight, and easy to transport in comparison with the glass bottles. The use of plastics for pharmaceutical packaging decreases the chances of accidental breakage owing to the high impact resistance of plastic. However, the high flexibility of plastics decreases the need for tertiary packaging of the pharmaceutical product, reducing the manufacturing and transportation cost.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Glass Bottles and Vials for Vaccines and Pharmaceutical Market

COVID-19 had a positive impact on the Glass Bottles and Vials for Vaccines and Pharmaceutical market. This is attributed to the growing demand for vials for COVID vaccines. Pharmaceutical companies were excused from the restrictions of lockdowns due to their activities being essential for the community. This industry was operating to manufacture healthcare products and support them. What are glass bottles and vials for vaccines?

The Glass Bottles and Vials are small glass or plastic containers that store medication in liquids, powders, and capsules. The major types of glass packaging are vials, bottles, ampoules, syringes, cartridges and other products. The demand for glass bottles and vials has increased because of the end users using glass vials more often than conventional vials. Since they make recycling simple, they are also eco-friendly. Glass bottles and vials allow producers to lower production costs while providing consumers with items of higher quality. North America is going to dominate the market.

Abstract: In March 2020, shortly after the World Health Organisation declared COVID-19 a global pandemic, Facebook (the company is now rebranded as Meta) announced steps to stop the spread of COVID-19 and vaccine-related misinformation. This entailed identifying and removing false and misleading content that could contribute to “imminent physical harm”. For other types of misinformation the company’s fact-checking network was mobilised and automated moderation systems ramped up to “reduce its distribution”. In this paper we ask how effective this approach has been in stopping the spread of COVID-19 vaccine misinformation in the Australian social media landscape? To address this question we analyse the performance of 18 Australian right-wing and anti-vaccination Facebook pages, posts and commenting sections collected over 2 years until July 2021. We use CrowdTangle’s engagement metrics and time series analysis to map key policy announcements (between Jan 2020 and July 2021) against page performance. This is combined with content analysis of comments parsed from 2 pages, and a selection of posts that continued to overperform during this timeframe. The results showed that the suppression strategy was partially effective, in that the performance of many previously high performing pages showed steady decline between 2019 and 2021. Nonetheless, some pages not only slipped through the net but overperformed, proving this strategy to be light-touch, selective and inconsistent. The content analysis shows that labelling and fact-checking of content and shadowbanning responses were resisted by the user community who employed a range of avoidance tactics to stay engaged on the platform, while also migrating some conversations to less moderated platforms.