Graph and download economic data for Gross Domestic Product: Implicit Price Deflator (GDPDEF) from Q1 1947 to Q2 2025 about implicit price deflator, headline figure, inflation, GDP, and USA.

United States Consumer Price Index (CPI): Price Deflator Index: New 1 Family Hse: Under Construction data was reported at 131.400 2005=100 in Jun 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 130.600 2005=100 for May 2018. United States Consumer Price Index (CPI): Price Deflator Index: New 1 Family Hse: Under Construction data is updated monthly, averaging 55.800 2005=100 from Jan 1964 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 654 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 131.400 2005=100 in Jun 2018 and a record low of 11.600 2005=100 in Mar 1964. United States Consumer Price Index (CPI): Price Deflator Index: New 1 Family Hse: Under Construction data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.EB002: New One Family House Unit: Constant Quality Index.

The Consumer Prices Index (CPI) is the preferred measure of inflation used in the application of monetary policy by the Bank of England. Within the System of National Accounts, and subsequently the ESA, the preferred measure of inflation is the Implied Price Deflator (IPD). Historically, the indices have behaved broadly similar, however since around 2007 Q4 the divergence in the indices has increased and become more volatile. The plan for this article is to cover the conceptual and scope differences between the CPI and Household Final Consumption Expenditure Implied Price Deflator. There will be an empirical analysis on how and why the two indices differ over time.

Source agency: Office for National Statistics

Designation: National Statistics

Language: English

Alternative title: The differences between the CPI and the Implied Price Deflator

Measures of monthly UK inflation data including CPIH, CPI and RPI. These tables complement the consumer price inflation time series dataset.

Learn the differences between the consumer price index (CPI) and the personal consumption expenditures (PCE) price index. Find out what measures are used to gauge underlying inflation, or the long-term trend in prices, such as median and trimmed-mean inflation rates and core inflation.

Comprehensive database of time series covering measures of inflation data for the UK including CPIH, CPI and RPI.

GDP Deflator in Japan increased to 109 points in the fourth quarter of 2023 from 105.10 points in the third quarter of 2023. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Japan GDP Deflator - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

PCE Price Index Annual Change in the United States increased to 2.74 percent in August from 2.60 percent in July of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for the United States PCE Price Index Annual Change.

Consumer Price Indices (CPI) measure changes over time in general level of prices of goods and services that households acquire for the purpose of consumption. CPI numbers are widely used as a macroeconomic indicator of inflation, as a tool by governments and central banks for inflation targeting and for monitoring price stability, and as deflators in the national accounts. CPI is also used for indexing dearness allowance to employees for increase in prices. CPI is therefore considered as one of the most important economic indicators. For construction of CPI numbers, two requisite components are weighting diagrams (consumption patterns) and price data collected at regular intervals. The Central Statistics Office (CSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation releases Consumer Price Indices (CPI) on base 2010=100 for all-India and States/UTs separately for rural, urban and combined every month with effect from January, 2011. The data is Published by Central Statistical Office and released on 12th of every month.

居民消费价格指数：平减物价指数：一个新家：在建面积在06-01-2018达131.4002005=100，相较于05-01-2018的130.6002005=100有所增长。居民消费价格指数：平减物价指数：一个新家：在建面积数据按月更新，01-01-1964至06-01-2018期间平均值为55.8002005=100，共654份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于06-01-2018，达131.4002005=100，而历史最低值则出现于03-01-1964，为11.6002005=100。CEIC提供的居民消费价格指数：平减物价指数：一个新家：在建面积数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于US Census Bureau，数据归类于Global Database的美国 – 表 US.E015：新增一个家庭住宅单元：恒定质量指数。

South Korea Consumer Price Index (CPI): Local Source Base Year: All Items data was reported at 112.880 2020=100 in Dec 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 112.133 2020=100 for Sep 2023. South Korea Consumer Price Index (CPI): Local Source Base Year: All Items data is updated quarterly, averaging 49.919 2020=100 from Mar 1965 (Median) to Dec 2023, with 236 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 112.880 2020=100 in Dec 2023 and a record low of 2.531 2020=100 in Mar 1965. South Korea Consumer Price Index (CPI): Local Source Base Year: All Items data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Korea – Table KR.OECD.MEI: Consumer Price Index: COICOP 1999: OECD Member: Quarterly. The Consumer price index is produced by collecting the prices of goods and services and its result is used as basic data for government financial policies and as deflator of other economic indices, such as Household Income & Expenditure and National Account. Type of prices: Actual transaction prices exclude abnormal prices such as temporarily irregular prices caused by disaster or similar conditions, discounts due to volume transactions, goods sold on an installment basis and second-hand articles. Tax: Sales taxes are included. Method of collection: Most collection is done by personal visit and some are collected centrally for items such as electric charges, whose prices are the same throughout the country. Rents are collected from households as part of the LFS (Labor Force Survey). Treatment of rentals for housing: the index includes a measure of rentals for housing. Treatment of Owner-occupied housing: It is not included in the CPI main index but it is provided as a complementary index. Treatment of missing prices: When a price observation is temporarily unavailable in a given month, its price is imputed by the price movements of similar products of the same item in the same geographic area. Treatment of quality changes: For minor quality differences (such as changes in packaging, style,...) a direct adjustment for the price difference is applied. For significant quality differences, the splicing (overlap) method is used. Introduction of new products: New items are introduced at the time weights are updated. it means once every five years. Selection of replacement items: When a specific variety is permanently unavailable in an outlet, another product in the same outlet that most closely meets the specifications of the previous variety is selected as a replacement. Treatment of seasonal items: For items such as fresh fish, fruit, and vegetables that are not available on the market during the off-season, the last available prices are used to calculate the index until new prices are available.; Index series starts in January 1951

South Korea Consumer Price Index (CPI): Local Source Base Year: Health data was reported at 102.753 2020=100 in Dec 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 102.513 2020=100 for Sep 2023. South Korea Consumer Price Index (CPI): Local Source Base Year: Health data is updated quarterly, averaging 81.567 2020=100 from Mar 1985 (Median) to Dec 2023, with 156 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 102.753 2020=100 in Dec 2023 and a record low of 36.073 2020=100 in Mar 1985. South Korea Consumer Price Index (CPI): Local Source Base Year: Health data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Korea – Table KR.OECD.MEI: Consumer Price Index: COICOP 1999: OECD Member: Quarterly. The Consumer price index is produced by collecting the prices of goods and services and its result is used as basic data for government financial policies and as deflator of other economic indices, such as Household Income & Expenditure and National Account. Type of prices: Actual transaction prices exclude abnormal prices such as temporarily irregular prices caused by disaster or similar conditions, discounts due to volume transactions, goods sold on an installment basis and second-hand articles. Tax: Sales taxes are included. Method of collection: Most collection is done by personal visit and some are collected centrally for items such as electric charges, whose prices are the same throughout the country. Rents are collected from households as part of the LFS (Labor Force Survey). Treatment of rentals for housing: the index includes a measure of rentals for housing. Treatment of Owner-occupied housing: It is not included in the CPI main index but it is provided as a complementary index. Treatment of missing prices: When a price observation is temporarily unavailable in a given month, its price is imputed by the price movements of similar products of the same item in the same geographic area. Treatment of quality changes: For minor quality differences (such as changes in packaging, style,...) a direct adjustment for the price difference is applied. For significant quality differences, the splicing (overlap) method is used. Introduction of new products: New items are introduced at the time weights are updated. it means once every five years. Selection of replacement items: When a specific variety is permanently unavailable in an outlet, another product in the same outlet that most closely meets the specifications of the previous variety is selected as a replacement. Treatment of seasonal items: For items such as fresh fish, fruit, and vegetables that are not available on the market during the off-season, the last available prices are used to calculate the index until new prices are available.; Index series starts in January 1985

The RHPI measures price changes of single-family properties, adjusted for the impact of inflation. Real values are calculated using the so-called Personal Consumption Expenditure Deflator (PCE). This PCE, so the theory goes, includes expenditures that are not counted in the Consumer Price Index(CPI), such as medical and health care expenses paid by employers and other national health programs. Because the RHPI adjusts for house-buying power, it is also a measure of housing affordability. In the fourth quarter of 2022, housing prices in real terms in Luxembourg reached an index of approximately ***** index points.

South Korea Consumer Price Index (CPI): Local Source Base Year: Transport data was reported at 115.053 2020=100 in Dec 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 113.207 2020=100 for Sep 2023. South Korea Consumer Price Index (CPI): Local Source Base Year: Transport data is updated quarterly, averaging 79.988 2020=100 from Mar 1985 (Median) to Dec 2023, with 156 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 120.640 2020=100 in Jun 2022 and a record low of 27.630 2020=100 in Mar 1985. South Korea Consumer Price Index (CPI): Local Source Base Year: Transport data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Korea – Table KR.OECD.MEI: Consumer Price Index: COICOP 1999: OECD Member: Quarterly. The Consumer price index is produced by collecting the prices of goods and services and its result is used as basic data for government financial policies and as deflator of other economic indices, such as Household Income & Expenditure and National Account. Type of prices: Actual transaction prices exclude abnormal prices such as temporarily irregular prices caused by disaster or similar conditions, discounts due to volume transactions, goods sold on an installment basis and second-hand articles. Tax: Sales taxes are included. Method of collection: Most collection is done by personal visit and some are collected centrally for items such as electric charges, whose prices are the same throughout the country. Rents are collected from households as part of the LFS (Labor Force Survey). Treatment of rentals for housing: the index includes a measure of rentals for housing. Treatment of Owner-occupied housing: It is not included in the CPI main index but it is provided as a complementary index. Treatment of missing prices: When a price observation is temporarily unavailable in a given month, its price is imputed by the price movements of similar products of the same item in the same geographic area. Treatment of quality changes: For minor quality differences (such as changes in packaging, style,...) a direct adjustment for the price difference is applied. For significant quality differences, the splicing (overlap) method is used. Introduction of new products: New items are introduced at the time weights are updated. it means once every five years. Selection of replacement items: When a specific variety is permanently unavailable in an outlet, another product in the same outlet that most closely meets the specifications of the previous variety is selected as a replacement. Treatment of seasonal items: For items such as fresh fish, fruit, and vegetables that are not available on the market during the off-season, the last available prices are used to calculate the index until new prices are available.; Index series starts in January 1985

Graph and download economic data for Personal Consumption Expenditures Excluding Food and Energy (Chain-Type Price Index) (PCEPILFE) from Jan 1959 to Aug 2025 about core, chained, energy, headline figure, PCE, consumption expenditures, consumption, personal, inflation, price index, indexes, price, and USA.

South Korea Consumer Price Index (CPI): Local Source Base Year: Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas and Other Fuels data was reported at 113.547 2020=100 in Dec 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 112.263 2020=100 for Sep 2023. South Korea Consumer Price Index (CPI): Local Source Base Year: Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas and Other Fuels data is updated quarterly, averaging 72.210 2020=100 from Mar 1985 (Median) to Dec 2023, with 156 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 113.547 2020=100 in Dec 2023 and a record low of 30.645 2020=100 in Mar 1985. South Korea Consumer Price Index (CPI): Local Source Base Year: Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas and Other Fuels data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Korea – Table KR.OECD.MEI: Consumer Price Index: COICOP 1999: OECD Member: Quarterly. The Consumer price index is produced by collecting the prices of goods and services and its result is used as basic data for government financial policies and as deflator of other economic indices, such as Household Income & Expenditure and National Account. Type of prices: Actual transaction prices exclude abnormal prices such as temporarily irregular prices caused by disaster or similar conditions, discounts due to volume transactions, goods sold on an installment basis and second-hand articles. Tax: Sales taxes are included. Method of collection: Most collection is done by personal visit and some are collected centrally for items such as electric charges, whose prices are the same throughout the country. Rents are collected from households as part of the LFS (Labor Force Survey). Treatment of rentals for housing: the index includes a measure of rentals for housing. Treatment of Owner-occupied housing: It is not included in the CPI main index but it is provided as a complementary index. Treatment of missing prices: When a price observation is temporarily unavailable in a given month, its price is imputed by the price movements of similar products of the same item in the same geographic area. Treatment of quality changes: For minor quality differences (such as changes in packaging, style,...) a direct adjustment for the price difference is applied. For significant quality differences, the splicing (overlap) method is used. Introduction of new products: New items are introduced at the time weights are updated. it means once every five years. Selection of replacement items: When a specific variety is permanently unavailable in an outlet, another product in the same outlet that most closely meets the specifications of the previous variety is selected as a replacement. Treatment of seasonal items: For items such as fresh fish, fruit, and vegetables that are not available on the market during the off-season, the last available prices are used to calculate the index until new prices are available.; Index series starts in January 1985

South Korea Consumer Price Index (CPI): Local Source Base Year: Furnishings, Household Equipment and Routine Household Maintenance data was reported at 113.743 2020=100 in Dec 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 113.173 2020=100 for Sep 2023. South Korea Consumer Price Index (CPI): Local Source Base Year: Furnishings, Household Equipment and Routine Household Maintenance data is updated quarterly, averaging 73.600 2020=100 from Mar 1985 (Median) to Dec 2023, with 156 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 113.743 2020=100 in Dec 2023 and a record low of 43.933 2020=100 in Mar 1985. South Korea Consumer Price Index (CPI): Local Source Base Year: Furnishings, Household Equipment and Routine Household Maintenance data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Korea – Table KR.OECD.MEI: Consumer Price Index: COICOP 1999: OECD Member: Quarterly. The Consumer price index is produced by collecting the prices of goods and services and its result is used as basic data for government financial policies and as deflator of other economic indices, such as Household Income & Expenditure and National Account. Type of prices: Actual transaction prices exclude abnormal prices such as temporarily irregular prices caused by disaster or similar conditions, discounts due to volume transactions, goods sold on an installment basis and second-hand articles. Tax: Sales taxes are included. Method of collection: Most collection is done by personal visit and some are collected centrally for items such as electric charges, whose prices are the same throughout the country. Rents are collected from households as part of the LFS (Labor Force Survey). Treatment of rentals for housing: the index includes a measure of rentals for housing. Treatment of Owner-occupied housing: It is not included in the CPI main index but it is provided as a complementary index. Treatment of missing prices: When a price observation is temporarily unavailable in a given month, its price is imputed by the price movements of similar products of the same item in the same geographic area. Treatment of quality changes: For minor quality differences (such as changes in packaging, style,...) a direct adjustment for the price difference is applied. For significant quality differences, the splicing (overlap) method is used. Introduction of new products: New items are introduced at the time weights are updated. it means once every five years. Selection of replacement items: When a specific variety is permanently unavailable in an outlet, another product in the same outlet that most closely meets the specifications of the previous variety is selected as a replacement. Treatment of seasonal items: For items such as fresh fish, fruit, and vegetables that are not available on the market during the off-season, the last available prices are used to calculate the index until new prices are available.; Index series starts in January 1985

South Korea Consumer Price Index (CPI): Local Source Base Year: Clothing and Footwear data was reported at 113.127 2020=100 in Dec 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 111.650 2020=100 for Sep 2023. South Korea Consumer Price Index (CPI): Local Source Base Year: Clothing and Footwear data is updated quarterly, averaging 68.907 2020=100 from Mar 1985 (Median) to Dec 2023, with 156 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 113.127 2020=100 in Dec 2023 and a record low of 32.813 2020=100 in Mar 1985. South Korea Consumer Price Index (CPI): Local Source Base Year: Clothing and Footwear data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Korea – Table KR.OECD.MEI: Consumer Price Index: COICOP 1999: OECD Member: Quarterly. The Consumer price index is produced by collecting the prices of goods and services and its result is used as basic data for government financial policies and as deflator of other economic indices, such as Household Income & Expenditure and National Account. Type of prices: Actual transaction prices exclude abnormal prices such as temporarily irregular prices caused by disaster or similar conditions, discounts due to volume transactions, goods sold on an installment basis and second-hand articles. Tax: Sales taxes are included. Method of collection: Most collection is done by personal visit and some are collected centrally for items such as electric charges, whose prices are the same throughout the country. Rents are collected from households as part of the LFS (Labor Force Survey). Treatment of rentals for housing: the index includes a measure of rentals for housing. Treatment of Owner-occupied housing: It is not included in the CPI main index but it is provided as a complementary index. Treatment of missing prices: When a price observation is temporarily unavailable in a given month, its price is imputed by the price movements of similar products of the same item in the same geographic area. Treatment of quality changes: For minor quality differences (such as changes in packaging, style,...) a direct adjustment for the price difference is applied. For significant quality differences, the splicing (overlap) method is used. Introduction of new products: New items are introduced at the time weights are updated. it means once every five years. Selection of replacement items: When a specific variety is permanently unavailable in an outlet, another product in the same outlet that most closely meets the specifications of the previous variety is selected as a replacement. Treatment of seasonal items: For items such as fresh fish, fruit, and vegetables that are not available on the market during the off-season, the last available prices are used to calculate the index until new prices are available.; Index series starts in January 1985

The variables included in the dataset are real GDP (seasonally adjusted, in log-levels, https://sdw.ecb.de/quickview.do?SERIES_KEY=314.MNA.Q.Y.AT.W2.S1.S1.B.B1GQ._Z._Z._Z.EUR.LR.N), the GDP Deflator (seasonally adjusted, in log-levels, https://data.ecb.europa.eu/data/datasets/MNA/MNA.Q.Y.AT.W2.S1.S1.B.B1GQ._Z._Z._Z.IX.D.N), CPI (food and energy excluded, base year 2015, seasonally adjusted, enters in log-levels, https://www.oecd.org/en/data/indicators/inflation-cpi.html}{retrieved from OECD Data Archive), the EUR/USD exchange rate (https://data.ecb.europa.eu/data/datasets/EXR/EXR.D.USD.EUR.SP00.A), a measure of bank concentration by country (interpolated to a quarterly series from yearly values, only contemporaneous values included, https://data.ecb.europa.eu/data/datasets/SSI/SSI.A.AT.122C.H10.X.A1.Z0Z.Z) the cost of new short-term (https://data.ecb.europa.eu/data/datasets/MIR/MIR.M.U2.B.A2J.FM.R.A.2230.EUR.N) and long-term (https://data.ecb.europa.eu/data/datasets/MIR/MIR.M.U2.B.A2J.KM.R.A.2230.EUR.N) borrowing in the euro area, the monetary policy shocks as in Altavilla et al. (2019) (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2019.08.016), which were summed up to quarterly values, and finally the loans granted by Euro Area Monetary Financial Institutions to domestic non financial corporations (https://data.ecb.europa.eu/data/datasets/QSA/QSA.Q.N.AT.W2.S12K.S11.N.A.LE.F4.T.Z.XDC.T.S.V.N.T). To conclude, the time series on loans granted by investment funds and the aggregate size of the bonds issued by non-financial corporations that are held/issued by each country (retrieved from the Securities Holdings Statistics by Sector dataset) are confidential series and cannot be shared.