Consumer price indexes (CPIs) are index numbers that measure changes in the prices of goods and services purchased or otherwise acquired by households, which households use directly, or indirectly, to satisfy their own needs and wants. In practice, most CPIs are calculated as weighted averages of the percentage price changes for a specified set, or ‘‘basket’’, of consumer products, the weights reflecting their relative importance in household consumption in some period. CPIs are widely used to index pensions and social security benefits. CPIs are also used to index other payments, such as interest payments or rents, or the prices of bonds. CPIs are also commonly used as a proxy for the general rate of inflation, even though they measure only consumer inflation. They are used by some governments or central banks to set inflation targets for purposes of monetary policy. The price data collected for CPI purposes can also be used to compile other indices, such as the price indices used to deflate household consumption expenditures in national accounts, or the purchasing power parities used to compare real levels of consumption in different countries.

In an effort to further coordinate and harmonize the collection of CPI data, the international organizations agreed that the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) would assume responsibility for the international collection and dissemination of national CPI data. Under this data collection initiative, countries are reporting the aggregate all items index; more detailed indexes and weights for 12 subgroups of consumption expenditure (according to the so-called COICOP-classification), and detailed metadata. These detailed data represent a valuable resource for data users throughout the world and this portal would not be possible without the ongoing cooperation of all reporting countries. In this effort, the OECD collects and validates the data for their member countries, including accession and key partner countries, whereas the IMF takes care of the collection of data for all other countries.

Graph and download economic data for Real Effective Exchange Rate as Based on Consumer Price Index for Central African Republic (CAFEREERIX) from 2000 to 2023 about Central African Republic, consumer prices, REO, exchange rate, consumer, real, rate, and indexes.

United States US: Consumer Price Index data was reported at 112.412 2010=100 in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 110.067 2010=100 for 2016. United States US: Consumer Price Index data is updated yearly, averaging 46.659 2010=100 from Dec 1950 (Median) to 2017, with 68 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 112.412 2010=100 in 2017 and a record low of 11.029 2010=100 in 1950. United States US: Consumer Price Index data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.IMF.IFS: Consumer and Producer Price Index: Annual.

IQ: Consumer Price Index: % Change over Previous Period data was reported at 0.574 % in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.868 % for May 2018. IQ: Consumer Price Index: % Change over Previous Period data is updated monthly, averaging 0.250 % from Feb 2007 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 137 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.626 % in Apr 2008 and a record low of -2.106 % in Jun 2008. IQ: Consumer Price Index: % Change over Previous Period data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Iraq – Table IQ.IMF.IFS: Consumer and Producer Price Index.

UZ: Consumer Price Index: YoY data was reported at 9.957 % in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 11.447 % for 2022. UZ: Consumer Price Index: YoY data is updated yearly, averaging 11.841 % from Dec 2011 (Median) to 2023, with 13 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 17.524 % in 2018 and a record low of 8.131 % in 2016. UZ: Consumer Price Index: YoY data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Uzbekistan – Table UZ.IMF.IFS: Consumer and Producer Price Index: Annual.

Graph and download economic data for Nominal Effective Exchange Rate as Based on Consumer Price Index for Mali (MLIENEERIX) from 2000 to 2023 about Mali, consumer prices, REO, exchange rate, consumer, rate, and indexes.

Spain ES: Consumer Price Index data was reported at 108.375 2010=100 in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 106.296 2010=100 for 2016. Spain ES: Consumer Price Index data is updated yearly, averaging 33.079 2010=100 from Dec 1950 (Median) to 2017, with 68 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 108.375 2010=100 in 2017 and a record low of 1.726 2010=100 in 1950. Spain ES: Consumer Price Index data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Spain – Table ES.IMF.IFS: Consumer and Producer Price Index: Annual.

According to latest figures published by the National Bureau of Statistics of China, the average annual inflation rate in China ranged at around 0.2 percent in 2024 compared to the previous year. This was lower than formerly expected by the IMF. For 2025, projections by the IMF published in October 2024 expected the inflation rate to reach around 1.7 percent. The monthly inflation rate in China dropped to negative values in the second half of 2023 and remained comparatively low in 2024. Calculation of inflation The inflation rate is calculated based on the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for China. The CPI is computed using a product basket that contains a predefined range of products and services on which the average consumer spends money throughout the year. Included are expenses for groceries, clothes, rent, power, telecommunications, recreational activities, and raw materials (e.g. gas, oil), as well as federal fees and taxes. The product basked is adjusted every five years to reflect changes in consumer preference and has been updated in 2020 for the last time. The inflation rate is then calculated using changes in the CPI. As the inflation of a country is seen as a key economic indicator, it is frequently used for international comparison. China's inflation in comparison Among the main industrialized and emerging economies worldwide, China displayed comparatively low inflation in 2023 and 2024. In previous years, China's inflation ranged marginally above the inflation rates of established industrialized powerhouses such as the United States or the European Union. However, this changed in 2021, as inflation rates in developed countries rose quickly, while prices in China only increased moderately. According to IMF estimates for 2024, Zimbabwe was expected to be the country with the highest inflation rate, with a consumer price increase of about 561 percent compared to 2023. In 2023, Turkmenistan had the lowest price increase worldwide with prices actually decreasing by about 1.7 percent.

San Marino Consumer Price Index (CPI): YoY data was reported at 1.046 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.574 % for 2016. San Marino Consumer Price Index (CPI): YoY data is updated yearly, averaging 1.890 % from Dec 2004 (Median) to 2017, with 14 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.293 % in 2008 and a record low of 0.146 % in 2015. San Marino Consumer Price Index (CPI): YoY data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s San Marino – Table SM.IMF.IFS: Consumer and Producer Price Index: Annual.

Graph and download economic data for Prices: Consumer Price Index for China, P.R.: Hong Kong (HKGPCPIPCPPPT) from 1990 to 2029 about Hong Kong, consumer prices, China, consumer, rate, and indexes.

Graph and download economic data for Real Effective Exchange Rate as Based on Consumer Price Index for Guinea (GINEREERIX) from 2000 to 2023 about Guinea, consumer prices, REO, exchange rate, consumer, real, rate, and indexes.

Graph and download economic data for Nominal Effective Exchange Rate as Based on Consumer Price Index for Mozambique (MOZENEERIX) from 2000 to 2023 about Mozambique, consumer prices, REO, exchange rate, consumer, rate, and indexes.

In 2023, the U.S. Consumer Price Index was 309.42, and is projected to increase to 352.27 by 2029. The base period was 1982-84. The monthly CPI for all urban consumers in the U.S. can be accessed here. After a time of high inflation, the U.S. inflation rateis projected fall to two percent by 2027. United States Consumer Price Index ForecastIt is projected that the CPI will continue to rise year over year, reaching 325.6 in 2027. The Consumer Price Index of all urban consumers in previous years was lower, and has risen every year since 1992, except in 2009, when the CPI went from 215.30 in 2008 to 214.54 in 2009. The monthly unadjusted Consumer Price Index was 296.17 for the month of August in 2022. The U.S. CPI measures changes in the price of consumer goods and services purchased by households and is thought to reflect inflation in the U.S. as well as the health of the economy. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics calculates the CPI and defines it as, "a measure of the average change over time in the prices paid by urban consumers for a market basket of consumer goods and services." The BLS records the price of thousands of goods and services month by month. They consider goods and services within eight main categories: food and beverage, housing, apparel, transportation, medical care, recreation, education, and other goods and services. They aggregate the data collected in order to compare how much it would cost a consumer to buy the same market basket of goods and services within one month or one year compared with the previous month or year. Given that the CPI is used to calculate U.S. inflation, the CPI influences the annual adjustments of many financial institutions in the United States, both private and public. Wages, social security payments, and pensions are all affected by the CPI.

Russia RU: Consumer Price Index (CPI): % Change over Previous Period data was reported at 1.064 % in Jun 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.902 % for Mar 2018. Russia RU: Consumer Price Index (CPI): % Change over Previous Period data is updated quarterly, averaging 2.713 % from Jun 1992 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 105 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 93.689 % in Mar 1993 and a record low of 0.129 % in Sep 2011. Russia RU: Consumer Price Index (CPI): % Change over Previous Period data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.IMF.IFS: Consumer and Producer Price Index: Quarterly.

Myanmar MM: Consumer Price Index (CPI): % Change data was reported at 4.573 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 6.965 % for 2016. Myanmar MM: Consumer Price Index (CPI): % Change data is updated yearly, averaging 5.672 % from Dec 1951 (Median) to 2017, with 67 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 57.075 % in 2002 and a record low of -6.745 % in 1959. Myanmar MM: Consumer Price Index (CPI): % Change data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Myanmar – Table MM.IMF.IFS: Consumer and Producer Price Index: Annual.

Iran IR: Consumer Price Index (CPI): % Change data was reported at 9.987 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 8.651 % for 2016. Iran IR: Consumer Price Index (CPI): % Change data is updated yearly, averaging 12.879 % from Dec 1951 (Median) to 2017, with 67 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 49.656 % in 1995 and a record low of -0.388 % in 1966. Iran IR: Consumer Price Index (CPI): % Change data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Iran – Table IR.IMF.IFS: Consumer and Producer Price Index: Annual.

San Marino Consumer Price Index (CPI): % Change over Previous Period data was reported at 1.046 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.574 % for 2016. San Marino Consumer Price Index (CPI): % Change over Previous Period data is updated yearly, averaging 1.890 % from Dec 2004 (Median) to 2017, with 14 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.293 % in 2008 and a record low of 0.146 % in 2015. San Marino Consumer Price Index (CPI): % Change over Previous Period data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s San Marino – Table SM.IMF.IFS: Consumer and Producer Price Index: Annual.

Ghana GH: Consumer Price Index data was reported at 232.256 2010=100 in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 206.686 2010=100 for 2016. Ghana GH: Consumer Price Index data is updated yearly, averaging 2.356 2010=100 from Dec 1964 (Median) to 2017, with 54 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 232.256 2010=100 in 2017 and a record low of 0.001 2010=100 in 1964. Ghana GH: Consumer Price Index data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ghana – Table GH.IMF.IFS: Consumer and Producer Price Index: Annual.

Belarus BY: Consumer Price Index (CPI): % Change data was reported at 5.785 % in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 5.001 % for 2023. Belarus BY: Consumer Price Index (CPI): % Change data is updated yearly, averaging 16.659 % from Dec 1993 (Median) to 2024, with 32 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,221.017 % in 1994 and a record low of 4.872 % in 2018. Belarus BY: Consumer Price Index (CPI): % Change data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Belarus – Table BY.IMF.IFS: Consumer and Producer Price Index: Annual.

Graph and download economic data for Prices: Consumer Price Index for New Zealand (NZLPCPIPCPPPT) from 1990 to 2029 about New Zealand, consumer prices, consumer, rate, and indexes.