The Community Resilience Estimates (CRE) program provides an easily understood metric for how socially vulnerable every neighborhood in the United States is to the impacts of disasters.This ready-to-use layer can be used within ArcGIS Pro, ArcGIS Online, its configurable apps, dashboards, Story Maps, custom apps, and mobile apps. Data can also be exported for offline workflows. Please cite the Census, CRE, and ACS when using this data.Overview:Community resilience is the capacity of individuals and households within a community to prepare, absorb, respond, and recover from a disaster. Local planners, policy makers, public health officials, emergency managers, and community stakeholders need a variety of estimates to help assess the potential resiliency and vulnerabilities of communities and their constituent populations to help prepare and plan mitigation, recovery, and response strategies. Community Resilience Estimates (CRE) focuses on developing a tool to identify socio-economic vulnerabilities within populations. The 2022 Community Resilience Estimates (CRE) are produced using information on individuals and households from the 2022 American Community Survey (ACS) and the Census Bureau’s Population Estimates Program (PEP). The CRE uses small area modeling techniques that can be used for a broad range of disaster related events (hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, economic shocks, etc.) to identify population concentrations likely to be relatively more impacted by and have greater difficulties overcoming disasters. The end result is a data product which measures vulnerability more accurately and timely. Data:The ACS is a nationally representative survey with data on the characteristics of the U.S. population. The sample is selected from all counties and county-equivalents and has a sample size of about 3.5 million housing units each year. It is the premier source for timely and detailed population and housing information about our nation and its communities. We also use auxiliary data from the PEP, the Census Bureau’s program that produces and publishes estimates of the population living at a given time within a geographic entity in the U.S. and Puerto Rico. We use population data from the PEP by age group, race and ethnicity, and sex. Since the PEP does not go down to the census tract level, the CRE uses the Public Law 94-171 summary files (PL94) and Demographic Housing Characteristics File (DHC) tables from the 2020 Decennial Census to help produce the population base estimates. Once the weighted estimates are tabulated, small area modeling techniques are used to create the estimates for the CRE. Components of Social Vulnerability (SV): Resilience to a disaster is partly determined by the components of social vulnerability exhibited within a community’s population. To measure these components and construct the community resilience estimates, we designed population estimates based on individual- and household-level components of social vulnerability. These components are binary indicators or variables that add up to a maximum of 10 possible components using data from the ACS. The specific ACS-defined measures we use are as follows: Components of Social Vulnerability (SV) for Households (HH) and Individuals (I):SV 1: Income-to-Poverty Ratio (IPR) < 130 percent (HH). SV 2: Single or zero caregiver household - only one or no individuals living in the household who are 18-64 (HH). SV 3: Unit-level crowding with >= 0.75 persons per room (HH). SV 4: Communication barrier defined as either: Limited English-speaking households1 (HH) orNo one in the household over the age of 16 with a high school diploma (HH). SV 5: No one in the household is employed full-time, year-round. The flag is not applied if all residents of the household are aged 65 years or older (HH). SV 6: Disability posing constraint to significant life activity. Persons who report having any one of the six disability types (I): hearing difficulty, vision difficulty, cognitive difficulty, ambulatory difficulty, self-care difficulty, and independent living difficulty. SV 7: No health insurance coverage (I). SV 8: Being aged 65 years or older (I). SV 9: No vehicle access (HH). SV 10: Households without broadband internet access (HH). Each individual is assigned a 0 or 1 for each of the components based upon their individual or household attributes listed above. It is important to note that SV 4 is not double flagged. An individual will be assigned a 1, if either of the characteristics is true for their household. For example, if a household is linguistically isolated and no one over the age of 16 has attained a high school diploma or more education, the household members are only flagged once. The result is an index that produces aggregate-level (tract, county, and state) small area estimates: the CRE. The CRE provide an estimate for the number of people with a specific number of social vulnerabilities. In its current data file layout form, the estimates are categorized into three groups: zero , one-two, or three plus social vulnerability components. Differences with CRE 2021:The number of census tracts have increased from 84,414 in CRE 2021 to 84,415 in CRE 2022. This is due to the boundary changes in Connecticut implemented in 2022 census data products. To accommodate the boundary change, Connecticut also now has nine planning regions instead of eight counties in CRE 2022.To avoid confusion, the modeled rates are now set to equal zero in CRE 2022 for geographic areas with zero population in universe. To improve the population base estimates, CRE 2022 uses more detailed decennial estimates from the 2020 DHC in addition to PL94, whereas CRE 2021 just used PL94 due to availability at the time. See “2022 Community Resilience Estimates: Detailed Technical Documentation” for more information. Data Processing Notes:Boundaries come from the Cartographic Boundaries via US Census TIGER geodatabases. Boundaries are updated at the same time as the data updates, and the boundary vintage appropriately matches the data vintage as specified by the Census. These are Census boundaries with water and/or coastlines clipped for cartographic purposes. For state and county boundaries, the water and coastlines are derived from the coastlines of the 500k TIGER Cartographic Boundary Shapefiles. The original AWATER and ALAND fields are still available as attributes within the data table (units are square meters). This dataset does not contain values for Puerto Rico or Island Areas at any level of geography.Further Information:Community Resilience Estimates Program Website https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/community-resilience-estimates.htmlCommunity Resilience Estimates Technical Documentation https://census.gov/programs-surveys/community-resilience-estimates/technical-documentation.htmlFor Data Questionssehsd.cre@census.gov

Community resilience describes the capacity of individuals and households within a community to absorb a disaster’s external stressors. The standard Community Resilience Estimates (CRE) measures a community’s social vulnerability to natural disasters. However, the social vulnerabilities to extreme heat exposure differ from other natural disasters. As a result, the CRE Team created a new set of estimates called the Community Resilience Estimates for Heat (CRE for Heat).The CRE for Heat is an experimental data product from the U.S. Census Bureau. Experimental data products are innovative statistical products created using new data sources or methodologies that benefit data users in the absence of other relevant products. The Census Bureau is seeking feedback from data users and stakeholders on the quality and usefulness of these new products.In collaboration with Arizona State University’s Knowledge Exchange for Resilience (KER), the CRE Team produced the 2022 CRE for Heat using data on individuals and households. The data sources include the 2022 American Community Survey (ACS), the Census Bureau’s Population Estimates Program (PEP), and the 2020 Census. Based on feedback from data users, the CRE for Heat contains a new component of social vulnerability, “Households that potentially lack air conditioning”. This component of social vulnerability was created using data from the 2021 American Housing Survey, machine learning techniques, and auxiliary data. More information about this is found in the CRE for Heat Quick Guide.Local planners, policymakers, public health officials, and community stakeholders can use the CRE for Heat to assess their community’s vulnerability to extreme heat and plan cooling and intervention strategies. WHAT’S NEWComponents of Social Vulnerability (SV)The CRE adjusted terminology from “risk factors” to “components of social vulnerability” after discussions with stakeholders such as emergency managers and urban planners. In these fields, “risk” refers to the likelihood a disaster or event will occur. “Vulnerabilities” refer to the conditions people experience which may compound the impact of a disaster.The CRE Program is committed to providing a data product that is understandable and meets the needs of its users. To better explain the purpose of the estimates and how they were developed, the language was adjusted.“Components” highlights the combination of factors that define social vulnerability. “Social vulnerability” refers to the characteristics that could impede a community’s ability to deal with disasters and external stressors. The results of this assessment form the basis of a community’s Community Resilience Estimate.Extreme Heat ExposureThe CRE for Heat 2022 estimates contain an additional measure of exposure to extreme heat (PRED3EXP). Not all socially vulnerable communities are equally exposed to extreme heat. Pairing the CRE for Heat estimates with heat exposure data provides a more comprehensive look at social vulnerability to heat. In the 2022 CRE for Heat dataset, an area is considered exposed to extreme heat if it meets one of two criteria. The two heat exposure criteria are:Areas where the maximum air temperature has reached or exceeded 90 degrees Fahrenheit for two or more days in a row during 2022.Areas where estimated wet bulb temperature has reached or exceeded 80 degrees at any time during 2022.On the county and tract level files, these exposure variables are available as LONG_90_DAY and MAX_WBT.On the state and national file, the exposure variable, PRED3EXP_E, measures the estimated number of individuals with three plus components of social vulnerability who also live in a county exposed to an extreme heat event in 2022. Similarly, PREDEXP_PE, measures the rate of individuals with three plus components of social vulnerability who also live in a county exposed to an extreme heat event in 2022. These variables, and their accompanying margins of error, are available on the national and state files.Components of Social VulnerabilityComponents of Social Vulnerability (SV) for Households (HH) and Individuals (I)SV 1: Financial hardship defined as: Income-to-Poverty Ratio (IPR) < 130 percent (HH) or50% < for housing/rental costs (HH). SV 2: Single or zero caregiver household - only one or no individuals living in the household who are 18-64 (HH).SV 3: Housing quality described as:Unit-level crowding with > 0.75 persons per room (HH) orLive in mobile home, boat, RV, Van, or other (HH). SV 4: Communication barrier defined as either:Limited English-speaking households (HH) or No one in the household has a high school diploma (HH). SV 5: No one in the household is employed full-time, year-round. The flag is not applied if all residents of the household are aged 65 years or older (HH).SV 6: Disability posing constraint to significant life activity. Persons who report having any one of the six disability types (I): hearing difficulty, vision difficulty, cognitive difficulty, ambulatory difficulty, self-care difficulty, and independent living difficulty. SV 7: No health insurance coverage (I). SV 8: Being aged 65 years or older (I). SV 9: Transportation exposure described as:No vehicle access (HH) orWork commuting methods with increased exposure to heat (e.g., public transportation, bicycle, walking) (I). SV 10: Households without broadband Internet access (HH). SV 11: Households that potentially lack air conditioning (HH).

Emergency Mass Care Services Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the Emergency Mass Care Services market size reached USD 17.8 billion in 2024, supported by a robust CAGR of 7.2% during the review period. The market demonstrates strong momentum due to escalating natural disasters, pandemics, and geopolitical conflicts globally. With these factors at play, the Emergency Mass Care Services market is projected to attain a value of USD 33.4 billion by 2033. This remarkable growth trajectory is primarily driven by heightened government initiatives, technological advancements, and increased collaboration among public and private sector stakeholders, ensuring timely and effective emergency response and humanitarian relief.

One of the most significant growth factors for the Emergency Mass Care Services market is the increasing frequency and intensity of natural disasters worldwide. Climate change has led to a surge in hurricanes, floods, earthquakes, and wildfires, necessitating rapid, large-scale mobilization of resources to provide shelter, food, and medical aid to affected populations. Governments and humanitarian organizations are investing heavily in strengthening their emergency mass care infrastructure, including the development of more resilient shelters, advanced logistics for bulk distribution, and digital platforms for real-time coordination. The growing emphasis on disaster preparedness and mitigation strategies is also fueling demand for comprehensive mass care solutions, ensuring communities are better equipped to manage crises and recover swiftly.

Another key driver is the evolving role of technology in enhancing the efficiency and reach of emergency mass care services. The integration of digital tools, such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS), mobile applications, and cloud-based management platforms, has revolutionized the way agencies coordinate relief efforts. These technologies enable faster needs assessments, optimized resource allocation, and improved communication among stakeholders. Additionally, innovations in supply chain management and remote deployment capabilities have allowed for more agile and scalable responses, particularly in hard-to-reach or conflict-affected areas. As a result, service providers are increasingly leveraging advanced technology to deliver timely, targeted, and effective support to disaster-stricken populations.

The growing collaboration between government agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and community-based organizations (CBOs) is another major factor propelling the Emergency Mass Care Services market. Public-private partnerships are becoming more prevalent, with governments outsourcing certain services to specialized NGOs and leveraging the local knowledge and networks of CBOs. This multi-stakeholder approach ensures a more holistic and inclusive response, addressing the unique needs of diverse communities. Furthermore, international funding and cross-border cooperation have expanded the capacity of mass care providers to respond to large-scale emergencies, underscoring the importance of coordinated action in saving lives and minimizing the long-term impact of disasters.

Regionally, North America continues to dominate the Emergency Mass Care Services market, accounting for the largest share in 2024. This is attributed to the region’s well-established disaster management frameworks, significant government funding, and the presence of major humanitarian organizations. However, the Asia Pacific region is witnessing the fastest growth, driven by its vulnerability to natural disasters and increasing investments in disaster preparedness infrastructure. Europe also remains a significant market, benefiting from strong regulatory support and cross-border collaboration mechanisms. Meanwhile, Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are gradually enhancing their mass care capabilities, supported by international aid and regional initiatives aimed at strengthening disaster resilience.

Service Type Analysis

The Emergency Mass Care Services market is segme

The COVID-19 pandemic hit healthcare professionals (HCPs) hard, potentially leading to mental health deterioration. This longitudinal study investigated the 1-year evolution of psychological health of acute care HCPs during the COVID-19 pandemic and explored possible differences between high and low resilient HCPs. From April 2020 to April 2021, a convenience sample of 520 multinational HCPs completed an online survey every 3 months, up to five times. We used mixed linear models to examine the association between resilience and the variation of COVID-19-related anxiety, depressiveness, perceived vulnerability, and psychological trauma symptomatology. We demonstrated “u-shaped” trajectories for all mental health symptoms. We also explored differences in the abovementioned variables between front-line and second-line acute care HCPs. In contrast to HCP.s with lower levels of resilience (-1SD), those with higher levels of resilience (+1SD) showed increased COVID-19 anxiety and perceived vulnerability over time. Front-line and second-line HCPs differed in their depressiveness and psychological trauma variation during the 1-year analysis. High and average resilient second-line HCPs showed steeper depressiveness increases with time than high and average resilient front-line HCPs. Acute care HCPs reported their most elevated clinical symptoms of depressiveness (5–7%) and psychological trauma symptomatology (26–46%) in April 2020. During the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, second-line HCPs with more resilience showed a steeper worsening of their depressiveness than more resilient front-line HCPs. HCPs with low resilience may benefit from interventions at the beginning of a pandemic, whereas HCPs with high resilience might benefit from resilience-enhancing interventions at later phases.Trial RegistrationThe study protocol was pre-registered with the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN13694948) published (Fuchs et al., 2020).

Ransomware Resilience for Hospitals Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global market size for ransomware resilience solutions for hospitals reached USD 7.1 billion in 2024, reflecting the critical importance of cybersecurity in healthcare. The market is expected to expand at a CAGR of 15.3% from 2025 to 2033, with projections indicating that the market will reach USD 20.6 billion by 2033. This robust growth is primarily driven by the escalating frequency and sophistication of ransomware attacks on healthcare institutions, which are increasingly reliant on digital systems and sensitive patient data.

The primary growth factor fueling the ransomware resilience for hospitals market is the exponential rise in ransomware incidents targeting healthcare institutions. Hospitals, due to the sensitive nature of their data and the criticality of their services, have become prime targets for cybercriminals. The proliferation of connected medical devices, electronic health records, and telemedicine platforms has significantly expanded the attack surface for threat actors. In 2024 alone, global healthcare ransomware incidents increased by over 30%, causing widespread operational disruptions and financial losses. Consequently, hospitals are prioritizing investments in advanced cybersecurity solutions, such as endpoint protection, network security, and incident response, to safeguard their digital infrastructure and ensure continuous patient care. The urgency to adopt comprehensive ransomware resilience frameworks is further amplified by regulatory mandates and the reputational risks associated with data breaches.

Another significant growth driver is the ongoing digital transformation in the healthcare sector, which is accelerating the adoption of cloud-based solutions and integrated health information systems. As hospitals transition their operations to digital platforms, the need for robust backup and recovery, network security, and security awareness training becomes paramount. Cloud-based deployment models, in particular, are witnessing strong adoption due to their scalability, cost-effectiveness, and ability to provide real-time threat intelligence. Additionally, the increasing complexity of ransomware attacks, which now often involve double extortion tactics and advanced persistent threats, is compelling healthcare organizations to implement multi-layered security strategies. This evolving threat landscape is driving demand for holistic ransomware resilience solutions that encompass proactive defense, rapid response, and comprehensive recovery capabilities.

Furthermore, the global regulatory environment is playing a pivotal role in shaping the ransomware resilience for hospitals market. Governments and industry bodies are enacting stringent data protection and cybersecurity regulations, such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) in the United States and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in Europe. Compliance with these frameworks necessitates the implementation of advanced security measures, regular risk assessments, and employee training programs. Hospitals are increasingly seeking solutions that not only protect against ransomware attacks but also ensure regulatory compliance and minimize legal liabilities. The growing awareness of the financial and reputational repercussions of ransomware incidents is prompting hospital administrators to allocate larger budgets to cybersecurity initiatives, thereby driving sustained market growth.

Regionally, North America continues to dominate the ransomware resilience for hospitals market, accounting for over 38% of the global market share in 2024. This leadership is attributed to the high concentration of healthcare facilities, advanced digital infrastructure, and a well-established regulatory framework. Europe follows closely, driven by robust investments in healthcare IT and stringent data protection regulations. The Asia Pacific region is emerging as a high-growth market, supported by rapid healthcare digitization and increasing cyber threats. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are also witnessing rising adoption of ransomware resilience solutions, albeit at a slower pace, as healthcare systems modernize and awareness of cyber risks grows.

The resilience of health care development in countries along the Belt and Road reflects the level of resilience of health care development in the countries along the Belt and Road, and the higher the value of the data, the stronger the resilience of health care development in the countries along the Belt and Road. The World Bank statistical database was used for the preparation of the health resilience data. Based on the year-on-year data of these four indicators, and taking into account the year-on-year changes of each indicator, the product of resilience in the development of healthcare conditions was prepared through comprehensive diagnosis based on sensitivity and adaptability analysis. "The Resilience in Health Care Development dataset for countries along the Belt and Road is an important reference for analysing and comparing the current resilience in health care development in each country.

Principles of social evolution have long been used retrospectively to interpret social interactions, but have less commonly been applied predictively to inform conservation and animal husbandry strategies. We investigate whether differences in developmental environment, facilitated by divergent social conditions, can predict resilience to environmental change. Upon exposure to harsh novel environments, populations that previously experienced more benign social environments are predicted either to suffer fitness losses (the “mutation load hypothesis†and “selection filter hypothesis†) or maintain fitness (the “beneficial mutation hypothesis†). We tested these contrasting predictions using populations of burying beetles Nicrophorus vespilloides we had evolved experimentally for 45 generations under contrasting social environments by manipulating the supply of post-hatching parental care. We exposed sexually immature adults from each population to varying heat stress and measured the effec..., , , ## Can recent evolutionary history promote resilience to environmental change?

Comments and requests should be addressed to Eleanor Bladon: ekr23@cam.ac.uk or eleanor.bladon@gmail.com

Description of the data and file structure

Details of data collection methods for each of the datasets can be found in the manuscript listed above.

"Bladon et al 2024 - Thermal survival data" and "Bladon et al 2024 - Thermal breeding data" contain the following columns:

*ID - The unique identifier given to each breeding pair of beetles

*Block - Experimental block 1 or 2

*Treatment - FCinFC = the adults (the focal individuals in the survival dataset and the parents in the breeding dataset) were from an experimental evolution Full Care population and received full parental care themselves; FCinNC = the parents were from an experimental evolution Full Care population but received no post-hatching parental care themselves; NCinNC = ...

Maritime LEO Backhaul with GEO Resilience Market Outlook

As per our latest research, the global Maritime LEO Backhaul with GEO Resilience market size reached USD 1.52 billion in 2024, underpinned by the rapid adoption of advanced satellite connectivity solutions across maritime sectors. The market is poised to grow at a robust CAGR of 13.7% from 2025 to 2033, projecting a value of USD 4.28 billion by 2033. This remarkable growth trajectory is primarily driven by increasing demand for high-throughput, low-latency communication systems, critical for operational efficiency, safety, and digital transformation in the maritime industry.

A key growth factor for the Maritime LEO Backhaul with GEO Resilience market is the surging need for reliable and high-speed internet connectivity at sea. Traditional satellite communication, predominantly reliant on GEO satellites, often suffers from high latency and coverage gaps, especially in remote oceanic regions. The integration of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites with GEO resilience mechanisms is revolutionizing maritime communications by delivering low-latency, high-bandwidth backhaul while ensuring network continuity through GEO satellite fallback. This hybrid approach is enabling real-time data transmission, remote monitoring, and seamless crew welfare services, which are increasingly essential for modern commercial shipping, offshore platforms, and cruise liners. The proliferation of digitalization initiatives and IoT adoption in maritime operations further amplifies the demand for such resilient connectivity solutions.

Another significant driver is the growing emphasis on safety, regulatory compliance, and operational efficiency in naval and commercial maritime sectors. Regulatory bodies and international maritime organizations are mandating advanced communication systems for vessel tracking, emergency response, and compliance reporting. The Maritime LEO Backhaul with GEO Resilience market is benefiting from these mandates, as hybrid satellite solutions offer robust connectivity for mission-critical applications, including real-time navigation, predictive maintenance, and cybersecurity. Defense and naval vessels, in particular, are adopting these solutions to ensure uninterrupted communications during tactical operations, disaster recovery, and surveillance missions, where connectivity is paramount.

The market’s growth is further propelled by the increasing number of offshore oil & gas explorations, renewable energy installations, and the expansion of cruise tourism. Offshore platforms and cruise liners require uninterrupted, high-capacity connectivity to support operational workflows, passenger entertainment, and safety protocols. The ability of LEO backhaul with GEO resilience solutions to provide scalable, flexible, and cost-effective communication networks is attracting substantial investments from maritime operators and oil & gas companies. Additionally, advancements in satellite technology, such as electronically steered antennas and software-defined networking, are enhancing the performance and adoption of these solutions across diverse maritime applications.

From a regional perspective, Asia Pacific and North America are emerging as dominant markets, driven by large commercial fleets, robust naval modernization programs, and significant investments in maritime infrastructure. Europe follows closely, benefiting from strong regulatory frameworks and technological advancements. The Middle East & Africa and Latin America regions are also witnessing increased adoption, particularly in offshore oil & gas and shipping sectors. The regional growth is characterized by strategic collaborations between satellite service providers, maritime technology vendors, and end-users to address unique connectivity challenges and capitalize on emerging opportunities in global maritime trade and security.

Solution Type Analysis

The Solution Type segment of the Maritime LEO Backhaul with GEO Resilience market comprises LEO Backhaul, GEO Resilience Integration, and

Space Mission Resilience Engineering Market Outlook

As per our latest research, the global Space Mission Resilience Engineering market size stands at USD 2.85 billion in 2024, reflecting a robust industry that is gaining strategic importance. The market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 9.7% from 2025 to 2033, reaching an estimated USD 6.56 billion by 2033. This growth is driven by escalating investments in space infrastructure, heightened awareness of mission-critical risks, and the increasing complexity of both governmental and commercial space missions.

A primary growth factor for the Space Mission Resilience Engineering market is the surge in satellite deployments for communication, navigation, earth observation, and defense purposes. The proliferation of small satellite constellations and mega-constellations by commercial entities such as SpaceX and OneWeb has necessitated advanced resilience engineering solutions to ensure mission continuity despite potential failures or attacks. Additionally, government agencies are prioritizing redundancy design and rigorous risk assessment frameworks to safeguard multi-billion-dollar investments in space assets. The integration of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and advanced simulation and modeling tools further enhances the ability to predict, mitigate, and recover from mission anomalies, solidifying the market’s upward trajectory.

Another significant driver is the intensification of cyber threats targeting space infrastructure. As satellite networks and space missions become increasingly reliant on interconnected digital systems, the risk of cyberattacks and electronic warfare escalates. This has led to a substantial demand for cybersecurity solutions tailored specifically for space missions, encompassing secure communication protocols, intrusion detection systems, and continuous monitoring. The growing recognition of space assets as critical infrastructure by defense agencies worldwide has further catalyzed investments in resilience engineering, particularly in the areas of cybersecurity and redundancy design.

The evolution of deep space exploration and the renewed focus on manned missions to the Moon, Mars, and beyond are also powering the expansion of the Space Mission Resilience Engineering market. International collaborations, such as the Artemis program led by NASA and its global partners, require comprehensive systems engineering and risk management strategies to address the unique challenges posed by long-duration missions in harsh, unpredictable environments. The need for robust support and maintenance, integration and deployment services, and specialized consulting is growing as both established space agencies and emerging private players strive to ensure mission success and crew safety across increasingly ambitious projects.

From a regional perspective, North America continues to dominate the market, driven by the United States’ leadership in space exploration and defense. Europe and Asia Pacific are rapidly catching up, with significant investments in space infrastructure and mission resilience capabilities. The competitive landscape is marked by collaborations between government agencies, commercial space companies, and research institutes, fostering innovation and accelerating the adoption of cutting-edge resilience engineering solutions across the globe.

Solution Analysis

The Solution segment in the Space Mission Resilience Engineering market encompasses a diverse array of offerings, including systems engineering, risk assessment, redundancy design, cybersecurity, simulation and modeling, and other specialized solutions. Systems engineering forms the backbone of mission resilience, integrating hardware, software, and operational protocols to ensure seamless mission execution and recovery from failures. As missions grow in complexity, the demand for holistic systems engineering frameworks, capable of managing interdependencies and minimizing single points of failure, has surged. This segment is witnessing robust growth as agencies and co

Surge ICU in a Box Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the Global Surge ICU in a Box market size was valued at $1.4 billion in 2024 and is projected to reach $3.9 billion by 2033, expanding at a CAGR of 12.1% during 2024–2033. The primary driver fueling this remarkable growth is the escalating demand for rapid-deployment critical care infrastructure, especially in response to natural disasters, pandemics, military conflicts, and remote healthcare needs. As healthcare systems worldwide become increasingly strained by unpredictable surges in patient volume, the ability to quickly deploy fully functional intensive care units (ICUs) in modular, portable formats has emerged as a vital solution. This trend is further intensified by global health emergencies and the growing recognition of the need for resilient healthcare delivery models, making Surge ICU in a Box solutions indispensable for governments, NGOs, and private healthcare providers alike.

Regional Outlook

North America commands the largest share of the Surge ICU in a Box market, accounting for over 38% of the global market value in 2024. This dominance is attributed to the region’s mature healthcare infrastructure, high adoption of advanced medical technologies, and proactive government policies supporting emergency preparedness. The United States, in particular, has made substantial investments in healthcare resilience, driven by lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic and increasing climate-related disasters. The presence of leading market players, robust funding for healthcare innovation, and established logistics networks further enhance North America's capacity to rapidly deploy and scale ICU in a Box solutions. Additionally, ongoing collaborations between federal agencies, hospitals, and private sector innovators have fostered an environment conducive to continuous product improvement and rapid market uptake.

The Asia Pacific region is experiencing the fastest growth, with a projected CAGR of 14.7% through 2033. This surge is driven by increasing investments in healthcare infrastructure, rising awareness of disaster preparedness, and a growing focus on expanding access to critical care in underserved and remote areas. Countries such as China, India, and Japan are leading the charge, leveraging government funding and international aid to implement scalable ICU solutions. The region’s vulnerability to natural disasters and frequent outbreaks of infectious diseases have prompted both public and private sectors to prioritize rapid deployment capabilities. Local manufacturing initiatives, combined with strategic partnerships with global technology providers, have accelerated the adoption of Surge ICU in a Box units, particularly in densely populated and disaster-prone regions.

In emerging economies across Latin America, the Middle East, and Africa, adoption of Surge ICU in a Box solutions is gaining momentum but faces unique challenges. Limited healthcare budgets, logistical complexities, and regulatory hurdles can slow deployment. However, the need for scalable, portable critical care solutions is acute in these regions, driven by frequent humanitarian crises, conflicts, and remote populations with limited access to traditional hospital infrastructure. International NGOs and multilateral organizations play a crucial role in bridging the gap by funding pilot projects and facilitating technology transfer. Policy reforms aimed at streamlining approval processes and incentivizing local assembly are gradually improving market accessibility, although the pace of adoption remains uneven compared to more developed regions.

Report Scope

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

Safe Island Compute for Emergency Functions Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the Safe Island Compute for Emergency Functions market size reached USD 4.7 billion in 2024 globally, with robust growth supported by escalating investments in critical infrastructure protection and disaster resilience. The market is expanding at a CAGR of 11.2% from 2025 to 2033, and is forecasted to achieve a value of USD 13.1 billion by 2033. This upward trajectory is primarily driven by the increasing frequency and severity of natural and man-made disasters, which are compelling governments and enterprises to adopt advanced, resilient computing architectures for emergency management and continuity of operations.

Several key growth factors are propelling the Safe Island Compute for Emergency Functions market. First and foremost, the rising global threat landscape, including cyberattacks, natural disasters, and critical infrastructure failures, has heightened the need for robust and autonomous computing environments. These "safe island" systems are designed to function independently of compromised networks, ensuring uninterrupted access to vital emergency services and data. With the proliferation of smart cities and the digitalization of public services, the demand for resilient, always-available compute resources has never been greater. Moreover, regulatory frameworks and government mandates for disaster recovery and public safety are accelerating the deployment of these solutions across both developed and emerging markets.

Another significant driver is the convergence of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, edge computing, and IoT within emergency response systems. Safe Island Compute solutions are increasingly leveraging these innovations to enable real-time data processing, situational awareness, and autonomous decision-making during crises. The integration of AI-powered analytics with secure, isolated computing environments is transforming how emergency functions are managed, from predictive disaster modeling to rapid resource allocation. Furthermore, the ongoing shift towards hybrid and cloud-based deployments is enhancing scalability, flexibility, and cost-efficiency, making these solutions accessible to a broader range of organizations, including smaller municipalities and non-profit agencies.

Additionally, the heightened focus on healthcare resilience post-pandemic has significantly contributed to market growth. Hospitals and public health agencies are investing in Safe Island Compute infrastructures to safeguard critical patient data, ensure continuity of care, and support telemedicine during network outages or cyber incidents. This trend is mirrored in other vital sectors such as transportation and utilities, where operational continuity is paramount. The market is also witnessing increased collaboration between technology vendors, system integrators, and public sector stakeholders, fostering innovation and accelerating adoption of next-generation emergency compute platforms.

From a regional perspective, North America currently dominates the Safe Island Compute for Emergency Functions market, accounting for the largest revenue share in 2024, driven by substantial government investments, advanced IT infrastructure, and a high incidence of natural disasters. Europe follows closely, with strong regulatory support and cross-border initiatives for critical infrastructure protection. The Asia Pacific region is experiencing the fastest growth, fueled by rapid urbanization, rising disaster risks, and increasing digital transformation initiatives in countries such as China, Japan, and India. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are also emerging as important markets, albeit at a slower pace, as governments prioritize public safety and disaster resilience in their national agendas.

Component Analysis

The Safe Island Compute for Emergency Functions market is segmented by component into hardware, software, and services, each playing a distinct yet interdependent role in the ecosystem. Hardware forms the backbone of these solutions, encompassing ruggedized servers, storage devices, networking equipment, and dedicated appliances engineered for high-availability and fault-tolerance. As the demand for edge computing grows, hardware vendors are innovating with compact, energy-efficient devices capable of operating in harsh environments and maintaining performance even during power disruptions. The in

Background: Professional caregivers in youth residential care institutions experience frequent verbal and physical aggression as well as multiple stressors as part of their everyday work, leading to high levels of burnout and staff turnover. Resilience might buffer against psychophysiological stress response and therefore be crucial for well-being in professional caregivers.Objectives: We aimed to investigate if measures related to resilience [sense of coherence (SoC), self-efficacy and self-care] and attachment security of caregivers were cross-sectionally associated with stress markers in hair samples [cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)].Method: Participants (n = 134; 64.2% women) reported on individual resilience measures and provided hair samples for cortisol and DHEA assays. Attachment was assessed in a subsample using the Adult Attachment Projective Picture System (AAP, n = 69). Linear regression models were fitted to estimate the association between resilience measures and the Cortisol:DHEA ratio, cortisol and DHEA, controlling for gender and age.Results: SoC was associated with a lower Cortisol:DHEA ratio (β = −0.36, p < 0.001), driven by a positive association between SoC and DHEA levels (β = 0.28, p = 0.002). Self-care was also associated with lower Cortisol:DHEA ratios (β = −0.24, p = 0.005), due to self-care being associated with higher DHEA (β = 0.21, p = 0.016). HPA-axis measures were not associated with self-efficacy nor with attachment patterns in a subsample.Conclusions: Our findings imply that youth residential care institutions might benefit from programs focusing on enhancing SoC and self-care practices. Fostering a meaningful, comprehensible and manageable professional climate in caregiving environments and implementing self-care in routine practices might enhance not only well-being but also physical health of professional caregivers and in this way buffer adverse health effects of chronic stressors.

The United States Non-Resilient Floor Covering Market is poised for robust growth, exhibiting a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 4.33%. With a current market size of approximately $8.40 billion in 2025, this sector is projected to expand significantly, driven by an increasing demand for durable, aesthetically pleasing, and low-maintenance flooring solutions across both residential and commercial sectors. Key drivers include the rising popularity of wood and stone-look tiles that mimic the natural beauty of traditional materials but offer superior resilience and ease of care. This trend is further amplified by ongoing new construction projects and significant renovation activities, particularly in the residential segment where homeowners are investing in upgrades to enhance property value and living comfort. The market's dynamism is also fueled by evolving consumer preferences and technological advancements in material science, leading to innovative product offerings. The convenience of online purchasing is increasingly influencing distribution channels, though traditional offline retail remains a significant contributor to sales. However, the market faces some challenges, including the fluctuating costs of raw materials and increasing competition from alternative flooring solutions. Despite these restraints, the strong underlying demand, coupled with the continuous introduction of visually appealing and functional products like advanced ceramic and laminate tiles, ensures a positive outlook for the United States Non-Resilient Floor Covering Market throughout the forecast period. This report delves into the intricate landscape of the United States Non-Resilient Floor Covering Market, offering a comprehensive analysis of its current status, future trajectory, and the key factors shaping its evolution. The market encompasses a diverse range of products, including robust ceramic tiles, elegant stone tiles, versatile laminate flooring, and natural wood tiles, catering to both residential and commercial sectors through extensive online and offline distribution channels. This report aims to provide actionable insights for stakeholders, from manufacturers and distributors to investors and end-users, enabling informed decision-making in this dynamic industry. Key drivers for this market are: Expanding Construction and Real Estate Sector. Potential restraints include: Volatile Raw Material Prices. Notable trends are: Growth of Construction Sector is Driving the United States Non-Resilient Flooring Market.

The dataset consists of air temperatures recorded longitudinally and reported at hourly intervals using Hobo MX1101, Hobo MX1102A and Hobo MX2301 devices. The monitoring period covered 1st May 2022 to 30th September 2022 inclusive – the full non-heating season in England.

The devices were deployed in 30 care homes across England: eleven in Greater London, nine in the north of England as far north as Newcastle-upon-Tyne, six in the Midlands, and four in the south of England including on the Isle of Wight. The locations monitored consisted of 22 offices (staff-only areas such as manager’s offices, administrator offices, nurse stations), 30 lounges (communal areas such as lounges, dining rooms and lounge/diners), and 30 bedrooms (single rooms, with a range of occupancy – some vacant, some occupied only at night, others occupied 24/7 depending on resident needs). In addition, outdoor temperatures were monitored at each of the 30 care homes.

As a result of global climate change, the UK is expected to experience hotter and drier summers, and heatwaves are expected to occur with greater frequency, intensity and duration. In 2003 and 2018, 2,091 and 863 heat-related deaths, respectively, were reported in England alone as a result of heatwaves, meaning future temperature increases could lead to a parallel rise in heat-related mortality. The UK also currently has a rapidly ageing population, with people aged 75 or over expected to account for 13% of the total population by 2035. Older populations are more vulnerable to climate-induced effects as they are more likely to have underlying, chronic health complications, making them more vulnerable to heat stress. The indoor environment is a principle moderator of heat exposure in older populations, who tend to spend the majority of their time indoors. Poor building design, the lack of effective heat management and diverging needs and preferences between staff and residents in care settings may contribute to increased indoor heat exposure with detrimental health impacts falling on the most vulnerable residents. Maladaptation to a warming climate, such as the uptake of air conditioning, could increase fuel bills in care homes, increase operational costs for businesses in the already financially stretched care sector, and increase building carbon emissions, thus undermining government efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

The one-year pilot project 'Climate Resilience of Care Settings' and previous small-scale studies led by our research team have shown that UK care homes are already overheating even under non-extreme summers. A key target for climate adaptation in care settings is to limit such risks by introducing passive cooling strategies via building design. However, preliminary modelling as part of the pilot project also demonstrated that common passive cooling strategies may not adequately mitigate overheating risk in the 2050s and 2080s. Further research into advanced passive cooling strategies, combined with human behaviour and organisational change is required to identify optimum climate adaptation pathways for UK's care provision.

The main aim of the project is to quantify climate related heat risks in care settings nationwide and enhance understanding of human behaviour, organisational capacity and governance to enable the UK's care provision to develop equitable adaptation pathways to rising heat stress under climate change. Building on the foundations of the pilot project, this novel, interdisciplinary project will collect, for the first time in the UK, longitudinal temperature and humidity data in a panel of 50 care settings in order to quantify the recurring risk of summertime overheating. We will also identify and assess social, institutional and cultural barriers and opportunities underpinning the governance of adaptation to a warmer climate in care and extra-care homes through surveys with residents, frontline care staff, managers and policy stakeholders. Within sub-samples of this panel, we will use innovative measurement techniques to collect residents' physiological data and study their relation with heat exposure and health impacts. Also for the first time in the UK, we will create a building stock model of the UK's care provision able to predict future overheating risks in care settings under a range of future climate change scenarios. This will help evaluate the effectiveness of near, medium and long term future overheating mitigation strategies and policies on thermal comfort and health outcomes. Throughout the project, we will continue to develop and expand the stakeholder community that was created during the pilot project. Through ongoing dialogue with our diverse network of stakeholders, we will explore organisational capacity and structures, and how these influence action and policy, in order to generate best practice guidance for practitioners, businesses and policymakers.

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented global public health crisis that continues to exert immense pressure on healthcare and related professional staff and services. The impact on staff wellbeing is likely to be influenced by a combination of modifiable and non-modifiable factors.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the self-reported wellbeing, resilience, and job satisfaction of National Health Service (NHS) and university staff working in the field of healthcare and medical research.MethodsWe conducted a cross sectional survey of NHS and UK university staff throughout the COVID-19 pandemic between May-November 2020. The anonymous and voluntary survey was disseminated through social media platforms, and via e-mail to members of professional and medical bodies. The data was analyzed using descriptive and regression (R) statistics.ResultsThe enjoyment of work and satisfaction outside of work was significantly negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic for all of staff groups independent of other variables. Furthermore, married women reporting significantly lower wellbeing than married men (P = 0.028). Additionally, the wellbeing of single females was significantly lower than both married women and men (P = 0.017 and P < 0.0001, respectively). Gender differences were also found in satisfaction outside of work, with women reporting higher satisfaction than men before the COVID-19 pandemic (P = 0.0002).ConclusionOur study confirms that the enjoyment of work and general satisfaction of staff members has been significantly affected by the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Interestingly, being married appears to be a protective factor for wellbeing and resilience but the effect may be reversed for life satisfaction outside work. Our survey highlights the critical need for further research to examine gender differences using a wider range of methods.

These are deliverables from the Countywide Resilience Plan Development project, which was awarded to Hazen and is currently being wrapped up.

This is about a 3-year-long project, and these results were developed using hydrologic modeling and economic analysis – the detailed project report is located here https://www.broward.org/ResiliencePlan/Pages/default.aspx

From the U.S. Census Bureau: Community resilience describes the capacity of individuals and households within a community to absorb a disaster's external stressors. The standard Community Resilience Estimates measures a community's social vulnerability to natural disasters. However, the social vulnerabilities to extreme heat exposure differ from other natural disasters. As a result, the CRE team created a new set of estimates called the Community Resilience Estimates for Heat (CRE for Heat). In collaboration with Arizona State University’s Knowledge Exchange for Resilience (KER), the CRE Team produced the 2022 CRE for Heat using data on individuals and households. The data sources include the 2022 American Community Survey (ACS), the 2021 American Housing Survey, the Census Bureau’s Population Estimates Program (PEP), and the 2020 Census.Components of Social Vulnerability for Households (HH) and Individuals (I)SV 1 (HH): Financial hardship defined as: Income-to-Poverty Ratio (IPR) < 130%, or50% < for housing/rental costs (HH). SV 2 (HH): Single or zero caregiver household - only one or no individuals living in the household who are 18-64.SV 3 (HH): Housing quality described as:Unit-level crowding with > 0.75 persons per room, orLive in mobile home, boat, RV, Van, or other. SV 4 (HH): Communication barrier defined as either:Limited English-speaking households, orNo one in the household has a high school diploma. SV 5 (HH): No one in the household is employed full-time, year-round. The flag is not applied if all residents of the household are aged 65 years or older.SV 6 (I): Disability posing constraint to significant life activity, defined as:Persons who report having any one of the six disability types: Hearing difficultyVision difficultyCognitive difficultyAmbulatory difficultySelf-care difficulty, and Independent living difficulty. SV 7 (I): No health insurance coverage. SV 8 (I): Being aged 65 years or older. SV 9: Transportation exposure described as:No vehicle access (HH), orWork commuting methods with increased exposure to heat (e.g., public transportation, bicycle, walking) (I). SV 10 (HH): Households without broadband Internet access). SV 11 (HH): Households that potentially lack air conditioning.

Surge ICU Modules for Emergencies Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global Surge ICU Modules for Emergencies market size in 2024 is valued at USD 3.2 billion, reflecting robust demand driven by increasing frequency of emergency situations worldwide. The market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 8.7% from 2025 to 2033, reaching an estimated USD 6.8 billion by the end of the forecast period. This significant growth is primarily fueled by the rising incidence of natural disasters, pandemics, and mass casualty events, which have underscored the critical need for flexible, rapidly deployable intensive care solutions.

The surge in demand for ICU modules tailored for emergencies is fundamentally driven by the increasing global awareness of the need for resilient healthcare infrastructure. Over the last decade, health crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic and large-scale natural disasters have exposed vulnerabilities in traditional hospital settings. Governments and healthcare organizations are now prioritizing investments in scalable, modular ICU solutions to ensure preparedness for sudden spikes in critical care demand. The adaptability of these modules, which can be rapidly deployed and customized, is a key factor propelling market expansion. Furthermore, the integration of advanced medical technologies within these modules enhances patient outcomes, making them indispensable during emergencies.

Another pivotal growth factor for the Surge ICU Modules for Emergencies market is the rising collaboration between public and private sectors. Governments, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and private healthcare providers are increasingly joining forces to establish contingency healthcare infrastructure. These partnerships often lead to the deployment of prefabricated and mobile ICU units in regions prone to disasters or with limited healthcare access. Financial incentives, streamlined procurement processes, and policy support are further accelerating the adoption of surge ICU modules. Additionally, ongoing research and development initiatives are resulting in more cost-effective, energy-efficient, and technologically advanced modular ICU solutions, catering to diverse end-user requirements.

Technological advancements are also playing a critical role in shaping the market landscape. Innovations such as telemedicine integration, real-time patient monitoring, and modular designs that facilitate rapid assembly and disassembly are making surge ICU modules more versatile and effective. The ability to customize modules for specific applications—such as pandemic response or military operations—ensures that healthcare providers can swiftly adapt to evolving emergency scenarios. This technological evolution, combined with a focus on sustainability and infection control, is expected to further drive market growth over the forecast period. As a result, the market is witnessing increased interest from both established medical device manufacturers and new entrants specializing in modular healthcare solutions.

Regionally, North America holds a dominant position in the global Surge ICU Modules for Emergencies market, accounting for the largest share in 2024. This leadership is attributed to substantial investments in healthcare infrastructure, high awareness levels, and strong government support for emergency preparedness. Europe follows closely, benefiting from coordinated regional disaster response mechanisms and significant R&D funding. Meanwhile, the Asia Pacific region is emerging as a high-growth market, driven by increasing healthcare spending, frequent natural disasters, and a growing focus on healthcare modernization. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are also witnessing steady growth, supported by international aid initiatives and governmental efforts to bolster healthcare resilience.

Product Type Analysis

Within the Surge ICU Modules for Emergencies market, the product type segment is highly diverse, encompassing Modular ICU

Hospital Disaster Preparedness Solutions Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global hospital disaster preparedness solutions market size in 2024 stands at USD 2.1 billion, with a robust compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.7% projected through the forecast period. By 2033, the market is expected to reach USD 4.4 billion, reflecting the increasing prioritization of healthcare infrastructure resilience and regulatory mandates worldwide. This growth is primarily driven by the rising frequency and severity of natural disasters, pandemics, cyber-attacks, and other emergencies that necessitate advanced preparedness solutions in hospital environments.

One of the main growth factors propelling the hospital disaster preparedness solutions market is the heightened awareness of vulnerabilities within healthcare systems, especially following the COVID-19 pandemic. Hospitals have recognized the critical need for robust emergency communication systems, incident management frameworks, and resource allocation tools to ensure continuity of care during crises. This awareness is further bolstered by stringent government regulations and accreditation requirements that mandate hospitals to have comprehensive disaster preparedness protocols in place. As a result, investments in advanced preparedness technologies have surged, with emphasis on solutions that can be rapidly deployed and seamlessly integrated with existing hospital operations.

Another significant driver is the technological evolution of disaster preparedness solutions, which now encompass cloud-based platforms, AI-driven analytics, and real-time communication systems. These innovations enable hospitals to anticipate, respond to, and recover from disasters more efficiently. Cloud-based deployment, in particular, offers scalability, remote access, and cost-effectiveness, making it an attractive option for both large and small healthcare institutions. Additionally, the growing focus on interoperability and data sharing among healthcare providers has led to the development of integrated solutions that facilitate coordinated responses across multiple facilities and agencies.

The increasing frequency of climate-related disasters, such as hurricanes, floods, and wildfires, alongside the continuous threat of infectious disease outbreaks, has underscored the importance of disaster preparedness in the healthcare sector. Hospitals are now prioritizing investments in training and simulation tools, evacuation and shelter management systems, and resource management platforms to enhance their readiness for diverse emergency scenarios. Furthermore, the shift towards value-based care and patient safety initiatives has reinforced the business case for comprehensive disaster preparedness, as hospitals seek to minimize operational disruptions and safeguard patient outcomes during critical events.

Regionally, North America continues to dominate the hospital disaster preparedness solutions market, accounting for the largest share due to its advanced healthcare infrastructure, high adoption of digital technologies, and robust regulatory framework. However, Asia Pacific is emerging as the fastest-growing region, driven by rapid healthcare modernization, increasing disaster risks, and rising government investments in hospital preparedness. Europe also represents a significant market, characterized by strong public health policies and cross-border emergency collaboration initiatives. Meanwhile, Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are witnessing steady growth, supported by international aid programs and growing awareness of disaster resilience in healthcare settings.

Solution Type Analysis

The solution type segment in the hospital disaster preparedness solutions market encompasses a diverse range of offerings, including emergency communication systems, incident management systems, resource management, training and simulation, evacuation and shelter management, and other specia