Crude Oil fell to 59.17 USD/Bbl on December 2, 2025, down 0.25% from the previous day. Over the past month, Crude Oil's price has fallen 3.08%, and is down 15.40% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Crude Oil - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

On October 27, 2025, the Brent crude oil price stood at 65.14 U.S. dollars per barrel, compared to 61.31 U.S. dollars for WTI oil and 67.54 U.S. dollars for the OPEC basket. Oil prices rose slightly that week.Europe's Brent crude oil, the U.S. WTI crude oil, and OPEC's basket are three of the most important benchmarks used by traders as reference for global oil and gasoline prices. Lowest ever oil prices during coronavirus pandemic In 2020, the coronavirus pandemic resulted in crude oil prices hitting a major slump as oil demand drastically declined following lockdowns and travel restrictions. Initial outlooks and uncertainty surrounding the course of the pandemic brought about a disagreement between two of the largest oil producers, Russia and Saudi Arabia, in early March. Bilateral talks between global oil producers ended in agreement on April 13th, with promises to cut petroleum output and hopes rising that these might help stabilize the oil price in the coming weeks. However, with storage facilities and oil tankers quickly filling up, fears grew over where to store excess oil, leading to benchmark prices seeing record negative prices between April 20 and April 22, 2020. How crude oil prices are determined As with most commodities, crude oil prices are impacted by supply and demand, as well as inventories and market sentiment. However, as oil is most often traded in future contracts (where a contract is agreed upon while product delivery will follow in the next two to three months), market speculation is one of the principal determinants for oil prices. Traders make conclusions on how production output and consumer demand will likely develop over the coming months, leaving room for uncertainty. Spot prices differ from futures in so far as they reflect the current market price of a commodity.

Brent fell to 63.05 USD/Bbl on December 2, 2025, down 0.19% from the previous day. Over the past month, Brent's price has fallen 2.84%, and is down 14.36% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Brent crude oil - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

In August 2025, the average price of one barrel of Brent crude oil was 67.87 U.S. dollars. This was a decrease from the previous month and 12 U.S. dollars below July 2024 prices. Brent terminology and most common uses Brent is the world's leading price benchmark for Atlantic basin crude oils. It is used to price two thirds of the internationally traded crude oil supplies and is also the most significant crude oil benchmark for Europe. Brent crude originates in the North Sea and includes oils from Brent and Forties Oil Field in the United Kingdom, and from the Oseborg and Ekofisk oil fields, both oil reserves in Norway. Other names for Brent are Brent Blend, London Brent and Brent petroleum. The name Brent comes from the Brent oil field, located north-east of the Shetland Islands, and thus part of the United Kingdom. Because the Brent oil field already passed its production peak, today the benchmark Brent includes oil from the other three major oil fields. Brent, next to West Texas Intermediate (WTI), is one of the lightest crude oils. With a low content of sulfur, it is ranged among the so-called sweet crude oils. Most of the Brent crude oil is refined into gasoline and middle distillates in Northwest Europe. Benchmark oil prices Other crucial benchmarks for crude oil prices are the already mentioned U.S.- WTI and Dubai Crude (Fateh). They are indispensable for referencing the many types and grades of oil on the global market. In the past 20 years, the annual price for one barrel of Brent crude oil saw a net increase. For example, the average price per barrel stood at 80.53 U.S. dollars in 2024.

As of August 2025, the average annual price of Brent crude oil stood at 71.3 U.S. dollars per barrel. This is over nine U.S. dollars lower than the 2024 average. Brent is the world's leading price benchmark for Atlantic basin crude oils. Crude oil is one of the most closely observed commodity prices as it influences costs across all stages of the production process and consequently alters the price of consumer goods as well. What determines crude oil benchmarks? In the past decade, crude oil prices have been especially volatile. Their inherent inelasticity regarding short-term changes in demand and supply means that oil prices are erratic by nature. However, since the 2009 financial crisis, many commercial developments have greatly contributed to price volatility, such as economic growth by BRIC countries like China and India, and the advent of hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling in the U.S. The outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine war are examples of geopolitical events dictating prices. Light crude oils - Brent and WTI Brent Crude is considered a classification of sweet light crude oil and acts as a benchmark price for oil around the world. It is considered a sweet light crude oil due to its low sulfur content and low density and may be easily refined into gasoline. This oil originates in the North Sea and comprises several different oil blends, including Brent Blend and Ekofisk crude. Often, this crude oil is refined in Northwest Europe. Another sweet light oil often referenced alongside UK Brent is West Texas Intermediate (WTI). WTI oil prices amounted to 76.55 U.S. dollars per barrel in 2024.

View monthly updates and historical trends for WTI Crude Oil Spot Price. Source: International Monetary Fund. Track economic data with YCharts analytics.

In May 2025, the average monthly price of the Urals crude oil, Russia's major export oil brand, was approximately ***** U.S. dollars per barrel, having decreased from the previous month. In 2020, the price of the Urals experienced a considerable decrease at the beginning of the year due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, dropping to as low as **** U.S. dollars per barrel in April. What is the purpose of the Russian oil price cap? In early December 2022, the G7 (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom (UK), and the United States), the European Union (EU), and Australia formed the Price Cap Coalition and imposed a price cap of 60 U.S. dollars per barrel on oil originating in Russia. The aim of the price ceiling is to decrease Russia’s earnings from oil exports and thereby limit the Russian government’s budget to finance the war in Ukraine. At the same time, the cap is meant to ensure that Russia continues to supply oil to emerging economies, though at a discounted price. With the cap in place, Russia cannot sell oil at a higher price even to third countries if the oil tankers are financed or insured by members of the Price Cap Coalition. In early February 2023, a price cap of 100 U.S. dollars per barrel was imposed on Russian refined oil products. Global dependence on Russian oil China was Russia’s leading crude oil export destination, with the value of exports measured at nearly **** billion U.S. dollars in 2021. In physical terms, Russia supplied around *** million metric tons of crude oil to China in 2024, being the leading crude oil import origin in the country ahead of Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, European countries were major consumers of Russian oil prior to the war in Ukraine. For instance, Russia accounted for over ** percent of oil and petroleum products imported into Slovakia in 2020. To compare, the dependence rate stood at nearly ** percent in Lithuania, ** percent in Germany, and ** percent in the UK.

Urals Oil fell to 54.22 USD/Bbl on December 1, 2025, down 0.37% from the previous day. Over the past month, Urals Oil's price has fallen 7.52%, and is down 17.95% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Urals Crude.

China Import Price: Crude Oil: Asia: Brunei data was reported at 607.683 USD/Ton in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 341.691 USD/Ton for Jan 2021. China Import Price: Crude Oil: Asia: Brunei data is updated monthly, averaging 572.972 USD/Ton from Jul 2008 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 47 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,002.003 USD/Ton in Jul 2008 and a record low of 214.121 USD/Ton in Jun 2020. China Import Price: Crude Oil: Asia: Brunei data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Price – Table CN.PH: Crude Oil Import and Export Price.

Slovenia SI: Crude Oil Imports: Average Price per Barrel data was reported at 0.000 USD/Barrel in Dec 2023. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 USD/Barrel for Nov 2023. Slovenia SI: Crude Oil Imports: Average Price per Barrel data is updated monthly, averaging 0.000 USD/Barrel from Jan 2021 (Median) to Dec 2023, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 USD/Barrel in Dec 2023 and a record low of 0.000 USD/Barrel in Dec 2023. Slovenia SI: Crude Oil Imports: Average Price per Barrel data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovenia – Table SI.Eurostat: Crude Oil Supply: by Energy Balance and Indicator.

The 2025 annual OPEC basket price stood at ***** U.S. dollars per barrel as of August. This would be lower than the 2024 average, which amounted to ***** U.S. dollars. The abbreviation OPEC stands for Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and includes Algeria, Angola, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Iraq, Iran, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, and the United Arab Emirates. The aim of the OPEC is to coordinate the oil policies of its member states. It was founded in 1960 in Baghdad, Iraq. The OPEC Reference Basket The OPEC crude oil price is defined by the price of the so-called OPEC (Reference) basket. This basket is an average of prices of the various petroleum blends that are produced by the OPEC members. Some of these oil blends are, for example: Saharan Blend from Algeria, Basra Light from Iraq, Arab Light from Saudi Arabia, BCF 17 from Venezuela, et cetera. By increasing and decreasing its oil production, OPEC tries to keep the price between a given maxima and minima. Benchmark crude oil The OPEC basket is one of the most important benchmarks for crude oil prices worldwide. Other significant benchmarks are UK Brent, West Texas Intermediate (WTI), and Dubai Crude (Fateh). Because there are many types and grades of oil, such benchmarks are indispensable for referencing them on the global oil market. The 2025 fall in prices was the result of weakened demand outlooks exacerbated by extensive U.S. trade tariffs.

⚡ Energy Crisis and Stock Price Dataset: 2021-2024 📊

📋 About Dataset

This dataset provides a detailed view of how major energy companies' stock prices were influenced by the energy crises between 2021 and 2024. The data covers three prominent energy companies: ExxonMobil (XOM), Shell (SHEL), and BP (BP), with historical stock price information collected via the yfinance library. This dataset is particularly useful for those interested in financial analysis, market behavior, and the impact of global events on the energy sector. 🌍📉📈

📅 Date Range

• Start Date: January 1, 2021
• End Date: Present day (updated periodically)

🔍 Data Overview

The dataset contains the daily adjusted closing prices of the selected companies from January 2021 to the present. The data was gathered to analyze the impact of different energy crises, such as the fluctuations in oil and gas prices during 2021-2024, and to help provide insights into investor behavior during times of energy uncertainty.

The key columns available in each CSV file are:

💡 Potential Use Cases

This dataset can be used for various purposes including, but not limited to:

• Financial Time Series Analysis 📈: Explore trends and volatility in the stock market, particularly in the energy sector.
• Predictive Modeling 🤖: Develop models to predict future stock prices based on historical data.
• Energy Crisis Impact Studies ⚡: Assess the effect of energy crises on global markets, specifically the energy sector.
• Portfolio Analysis 💼: Evaluate the stability and performance of energy companies during different crisis periods.

📊 Data Files

Each CSV file includes the daily stock prices from January 1, 2021, to the present, with columns for open, high, low, close, adjusted close, and volume.

📂 Dataset Structure

• Directory: data/raw/
  • XOM_data.csv
  • SHEL_data.csv
  • BP_data.csv

🚀 Data Collection Process

The data for this dataset was collected using the yfinance Python library, which provides access to historical market data from Yahoo Finance. The collection script (data_collection.py) automates the download of stock data for the selected companies, saving each company's data in CSV format within the data/raw/ directory.

🔧 Tools Used

• Python 🐍: For scripting and data processing.
• yfinance 📈: To download historical stock data.
• pandas 🐼: For data manipulation and cleaning.

📜 License

The dataset is provided under the MIT License. You are free to use, modify, and distribute this dataset, provided that proper attribution is given.

🙌 Contributions

Contributions are welcome! If you have any suggestions or improvements, feel free to fork the repository and make a pull request. Let's make this dataset even more comprehensive and insightful together. 💪🌟

📧 Contact

For any questions or further information, feel free to reach out:

I hope this dataset helps you uncover new insights about the relationship between energy crises and stock prices! If you find it helpful, don't forget to give it a ⭐️ on Kaggle! 😊✨

The size of the Central Asia Oil and Gas Upstream Market was valued at USD XX Million in 2023 and is projected to reach USD XXX Million by 2032, with an expected CAGR of 3.50">> 3.50% during the forecast period. The Central Asia oil and gas upstream market essentially forms a critical part of the energy sector in the region, covering exploration, drilling, and production activities of hydrocarbon resources. Central Asia, being endowed with rich reserves in countries such as Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan, is a crucial region from a global energy supply perspective. The upstream market is dominated by a mix of state-owned enterprises and international oil companies working together to develop the potential of the region using advanced technology and investment. Kazakhstan is the largest player, with many onshore oil fields, such as Kashagan and Tengiz, which are very important in terms of its production capacity. Turkmenistan is known for huge resources of natural gas, most significantly in the Galkynysh field, one of the world's largest. Uzbekistan also has significant reserves that are underway with improvement in exploration and development. A number of challenges face this upstream market, including global oil price fluctuations, geopolitical tensions, and infrastructural bottlenecks. There is dire investment in infrastructure such as pipelines and refineries required for the attainment of maximum resource extraction and export. Equally, the sector is slowly undertaking sustainable initiatives and technologies that will help minimize environmental degradation. While Central Asia is further developing its upstream, it remains a strategic player in the global energy configuration. Recent developments include: In June 2022, Chevron Corporation, through its subsidiary Chevron Munaigas Inc. and JSC NC 'KazMunayGas' (KMG), announced a memorandum of understanding to explore potential lower carbon business opportunities in Kazakhstan. Both companies had a plan to evaluate the potential for lower carbon projects in areas such as carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS)., In January 2021, Karachaganak Petroleum Operating BV (KPO) signed the agreement sanctioning the Karachaganak Expansion Project-1A (''KEP1A Project''). The sanctioning of the KEP1A Project is a milestone in the continued development of the Karachaganak field, building the Karachaganak Gas Debottlenecking Project (KGDBN) and the Fourth Injection Compressor (4IC) Project.. Key drivers for this market are: 4., Growing Vehicle Ownership4.; Government Initiatives. Potential restraints include: 4., Volatile Crude Oil Prices. Notable trends are: Onshore Segment to Dominate the Market.

According to Cognitive Market Research, the global Commercial Aircraft Aviation Fuel market size will be USD XX million in 2023. It will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 15.20% from 2023 to 2030.

The demand for Commercial Aircraft Aviation Fuel is rising due to increasing focus on reducing carbon emissions.
Demand for air turbine fuel remains higher in the Commercial aircraft aviation fuel market.
The passenger aircraft category held the highest Commercial Aircraft Aviation Fuel market revenue share in 2023.
North American Commercial Aircraft Aviation Fuel will continue to lead, whereas the European Commercial Aircraft Aviation Fuel market will experience the most substantial growth until 2030.

Expansion of the Tourism Industry to Provide Viable Market Output

The expansion of tourism is influencing the market's growth. The surge in global tourism has led to a rise in air travel demand, subsequently driving the need for aviation fuel. As more people explore diverse destinations, airlines are compelled to increase their fleets and flights, increasing fuel consumption. Additionally, emerging economies witnessing a boost in tourism further amplify this trend. The expansion of the tourism sector acts as a key driver, stimulating investments and innovations in aviation fuel technology to meet the escalating requirements of the growing commercial airline industry.

For instance, According to the World Tourism Organization, a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN), tourist arrivals in Maldives in January 2021 stood at 92,103. This count rose to 99,397 by 3rd February 2021. The growing count of tourists is creating promising scope for the aviation industry.

Source-www.unwto.org/maldives-tourism-looking-up-after-reopening

Increased Development of Jet-a-fuels to Propel Market Growth

The development of jet-a-fuels has significantly impacted the Commercial aircraft aviation fuel market. Jet-A fuels are undergoing advancements to enhance fuel efficiency, reduce carbon emissions, and comply with stringent environmental regulations. These innovations focus on improving the energy density of fuels, exploring alternative and renewable sources, and optimizing combustion processes. The rise in demand for cleaner and more sustainable aviation fuels, coupled with a global emphasis on reducing the environmental impact of air travel, is compelling the industry to invest in research and development, thereby fostering the evolution of Jet-A fuels for a more eco-friendly aviation future.

For instance, in June 2021, researchers at Washington State University developed a process for turning waste plastics into sustainable jet-A fuel. If the process is refined and applied on a large scale, the procedure is expected to address major environmental problems, including greenhouse gas emissions and plastic pollution.

Source-news.wsu.edu/press-release/2021/05/17/new-technology-converts-waste-plastics-jet-fuel-hour/

Market Dynamics of the Commercial Aircraft Aviation Fuel Market

Fluctuation in Oil Prices to Restrict Market Growth

The fluctuation in oil prices hinders the growth of the market. The industry is highly sensitive to changes in crude oil prices, affecting the overall operational costs for airlines. Frequent spikes in oil prices can lead to increased expenses for fuel, impacting profit margins and necessitating adjustments in ticket prices. Conversely, a decline in oil prices may provide temporary relief but can disrupt long-term planning and investments in fuel-efficient technologies. The unpredictable nature of oil price fluctuations introduces financial uncertainties, making it challenging for airlines to budget effectively and potentially hindering the adoption of sustainable aviation fuel alternatives.

Impact of COVID–19 on the Commercial Aircraft Aviation Fuel market

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected the Commercial Aircraft Aviation Fuel market. The unprecedented decline in air travel demand led to reduced flight operations, impacting the aviation fuel sector. Airlines faced financial challenges, resulting in fleet groundings and delayed deliveries of new aircraft. It led to a surplus of aviation fuel, causing a price drop. Governments implemented travel restrictions and lockdowns, further exacerbating the industry's woes. As the world strives for recovery, the aviation fuel market is gradually rebounding, but uncertainties ...

Key information about Saudi Arabia Crude Oil: Production

• Saudi Arabia Crude Oil: Production was reported at 10,003.000 Barrel/Day th in Oct 2025
• This records an increase from the previous number of 9,960.000 Barrel/Day th for Sep 2025
• Saudi Arabia Crude Oil: Production data is updated monthly, averaging 30.878 Barrel/Day th from Jan 2002 to Oct 2025, with 286 observations
• The data reached an all-time high of 908.611 Barrel/Day th in Jul 2025 and a record low of 0.025 Barrel/Day th in Jan 1977
• Saudi Arabia Crude Oil: Production data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
• The data is categorized under World Trend Plus’s Association: Energy Sector – Table RB.OPEC.CO: Crude Oil Production: OPEC Members: Monthly

Monthly average retail prices for gasoline and fuel oil for Canada, selected provincial cities, Whitehorse and Yellowknife. Prices are presented for the current month and previous four months. Includes fuel type and the price in cents per litre.

The South American oil and gas downstream market, valued at approximately $XX million in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, exceeding a 3.90% CAGR through 2033. This expansion is fueled by several key factors. Firstly, increasing domestic demand for refined petroleum products, driven by population growth and economic development in countries like Brazil and Argentina, is a major driver. Secondly, significant investments in refinery upgrades and expansions are enhancing processing capacity and efficiency, catering to this growing demand. Furthermore, the region's burgeoning petrochemical sector, reliant on downstream oil and gas products as feedstock, contributes significantly to market growth. Government initiatives promoting energy security and infrastructure development further support this positive outlook. However, challenges remain. Fluctuations in global crude oil prices present inherent volatility, while environmental regulations and the transition towards renewable energy sources could potentially restrain growth in the long term. The market is segmented geographically, with Brazil, Argentina, and Colombia holding the largest shares, followed by the rest of South America. Major players like Petrobras, YPF SA, Ecopetrol SA, and international giants such as Shell, BP, and ExxonMobil are key competitors, shaping market dynamics through their investments and operational strategies. The competitive landscape is characterized by a mix of state-owned and private companies, each employing diverse strategies to navigate the evolving market dynamics. Petrobras, for instance, leverages its strong domestic presence, while international players contribute through technological expertise and capital investments. The future growth trajectory hinges on the balance between fulfilling domestic demand, adapting to evolving environmental regulations, and securing long-term investments in infrastructure modernization. Successful navigation of these factors will be crucial for companies to maintain a strong foothold in this dynamic and growing market. While precise regional breakdowns are not available, Brazil's substantial economy and existing infrastructure suggest it commands the largest market share within South America, followed by Argentina and Colombia. Recent developments include: September 2022: The Colombian state oil company Ecopetrol completed expansion works at its Reficar oil refinery in Cartagena as it seeks to meet rising domestic fuel demand. This expansion consolidates the Cartagena refinery as a strategic asset to guarantee Colombia's energy sovereignty. Also, this refinery would now produce diesel and gasoline with sulfur content levels below 100 parts per million (ppm) and 50 ppm, respectively., January 2021: The Brazilian company Macro Desenvolvimento has requested authorization from the National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (ANP) to build and operate a USD 480 million natural gas processing unit (UPGN) in Presidente Kennedy municipality, Espírito Santo. The construction work is planned to start in December 2023 and is expected to be completed by 2025.. Notable trends are: Refinery Sector to Witness Significant Growth.

The North Sea oil and gas industry, encompassing key players like Equinor ASA, Shell Plc, and BP Plc, is a mature yet dynamic market experiencing a period of transition. With a current market size estimated at $50 billion in 2025 (a reasonable estimation given a CAGR of >2% and considering typical market valuations for similar regions), the industry demonstrates sustained growth, projected to continue at a compound annual growth rate of over 2% through 2033. This growth is driven primarily by ongoing demand for natural gas in Europe, particularly amidst the energy crisis that has highlighted the critical need for reliable energy sources. Furthermore, strategic investments in improved oil recovery techniques and exploration of new reserves in less developed areas of the North Sea contribute to the market’s resilience. However, the industry faces significant headwinds, including stringent environmental regulations aimed at reducing carbon emissions and the increasing pressure to transition towards renewable energy sources. This regulatory pressure coupled with fluctuating oil and gas prices pose significant challenges to long-term profitability and investment planning. The geographical segmentation reveals varying market dynamics across the UK, Norway, Denmark, and the rest of the North Sea. Norway and the UK, with their established infrastructure and extensive reserves, represent the largest segments. Denmark, while a smaller player, is experiencing modest growth due to its ongoing investment in offshore wind and exploration activities. The "Rest of the Other Countries" segment, encompassing smaller players and less explored regions, holds potential for future development but faces higher exploration risk and infrastructural challenges. The competitive landscape is characterized by both large multinational corporations and smaller, independent operators. This competitive mix is resulting in mergers and acquisitions, strategic partnerships, and diversification strategies amongst operators seeking to navigate the complexities of this evolving energy market. This dynamic scenario requires companies to prioritize sustainable practices, adapt to changing regulatory environments, and invest in technologies that promote both profitability and environmental responsibility. Recent developments include: In March 2021, United Kingdom became the first G7 country to be agreed on the deal to support the oil and gas industry's transition to clean, green energy, while supporting 40,000 jobs in the North Sea region. The deal between the government of the United Kingdom and the oil and gas sector industry is expected to support workers, businesses, and the supply chain through this transition by harnessing the industry's existing capabilities, infrastructure, and private investment potential to exploit new and emerging technologies such as hydrogen production, Carbon Capture Usage and Storage, offshore wind and decommissioning., In January 2021, Norwegian Petroleum Directorate announced that the authorities in Norway offered 30 companies with ownership interests in a total of 61 production licenses on the Norwegian Shelf in the Awards in Predefined Areas (APA ) 2020.. Notable trends are: Increasing Investments in Gas Sector Expected to Drive the Market Demand.

Discover the dynamic landscape of the Mexican oil and gas industry. This comprehensive analysis explores market size, CAGR, and key trends from 2019-2033, highlighting growth opportunities and challenges within this evolving sector. Learn about Pemex's role, foreign investment, and the future of energy in Mexico. Recent developments include: In January 2021, Braskem Idesa announced that it had partially restored the operations at Etileno XXI polyethylene petrochemical complex, which was shut down in December 2020 due to natural gas supply cut by Cengas, a major natural gas system operator of Mexico. Braskem further stated that it had restarted operations in an experimental business model, complying with all the safety standards to reduce the impact on Mexico's plastics industry supply chain., In August 2021, Mexico's state power utility struck a deal with Canada's TC Energy Corp. to develop a natural gas pipeline in the country's south and consolidate the firm's contracts in the central region.. Notable trends are: Upstream Segment Expected to Witness Significant Growth.