Consumers from countries in Africa, Asia, and South America were most likely to be an owner of cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin, in 2025. This conclusion can be reached after combining ** different surveys from the Statista's Consumer Insights over the course of that year. Nearly one out of three respondents to Statista's survey in Nigeria, for instance, mentioned they either owned or use a digital coin, rather than *** out of 100 respondents in the United States. This is a significant change from a list that looks at the Bitcoin (BTC) trading volume in ** countries: There, the United States and Russia were said to have traded the highest amounts of this particular virtual coin. Nevertheless, African and Latin American countries are noticeable entries in that list too. Daily use, or an investment tool? The survey asked whether consumers either owned or used cryptocurrencies but does not specify their exact use or purpose. Some countries, however, are more likely to use digital currencies on a day-to-day basis. Nigeria increasingly uses mobile money operations to either pay in stores or to send money to family and friends. Polish consumers could buy several types of products with a cryptocurrency in 2019. Opposed to this is the country of Vietnam: Here, the use of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies as a payment method is forbidden. Owning some form of cryptocurrency in Vietnam as an investment is allowed, however. Which countries are more likely to invest in cryptocurrencies? Professional investors looking for a cryptocurrency-themed ETF were more often found in Europe than in the United or China, according to a survey in early 2020. Most of the largest crypto hedge fund managers with a location in Europe in 2020, were either from the United Kingdom or Switzerland - the country with the highest cryptocurrency adoption rate in Europe according to Statista's Global Consumer Survey. Whether this had changed by 2025 was not yet clear.

The proportion of respondents aged between 28 and 43 who utilize cryptocurrencies for crypto purposes was significantly higher compared to the other age groups. This is according to a survey held in 14 different countries across North America, Europe, and Latin America. When it came to gender, men were more likely to use digital currencies than women.

A currency's essential feature is to be a medium of exchange. We leverage a quasi-natural experiment––El Salvador as the first country to make Bitcoin legal tender––to study a cryptocurrency's potential to be used in daily transactions. The government also launched and provided incentives to download and use a digital wallet named Chivo, which shares features with Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) and allows users to trade bitcoins and dollars. Were Chivo Wallet and Bitcoin actually adopted after this "big push"? Conducting a representative face-to-face survey and relying on blockchain data to obtain all Chivo transactions, we document how usage of digital payments and Bitcoin is low, concentrated, and has been decreasing over time. We find that privacy concerns are key barriers to adoption, which speaks to a policy debate on crypto and CBDCs that has had anonymity at its core. We also estimate the technology's adoption cost and its network externalities.,

We provide the data from the survey implemented in El Salvador by Cid Gallup, and the codes required for the analysis of these data. The blockchain data, which is used in the last section of the paper, was obtained from Crystal Blockchain B.V (crystalblockchain.com), and we share the Stata code and data required to generate all the figures in the paper.

, Only Stata is required to run all programs. ,  Are Cryptocurrencies Currencies? Bitcoin as Legal Tender in El Salvador (README)  This README file was generated on 2023-08-01 by Fernando Alvarez, David Argente, and Diana Van Patten

University of Chicago Yale University Yale University

GENERAL INFORMATION

1. Title of Dataset: Are Cryptocurrencies Currencies? Bitcoin as Legal Tender in El Salvador

We conduct a nationally representative face-to-face survey spanning 1,800 households during February 2022. Respondents are all adults, which is a prerequisite to be eligible to use Chivo Wallet. The national survey was conducted in partnership with CID-Gallup. This replication package contains data, Stata codes, and output files all figures and tables in the paper. We provide the data from the survey implemented in El Salvador by Cid Gallup, and the codes required for the analysis of these data. The blockchain data, which is used in the last section of the paper, was obtained from Crystal Blockchain B.V (crystalblockchain.com), and ...

American adults with a relatively high income were more likely than adults with lower incomes to hold cryptocurrency as an investment tool. This is according to an annual household survey in the United States, that asked about how and why consumers would be using the digital asset. ***** percent of American adults used crypto solely for investment purposes, while only *** percent utilized it for payment transaction. The market share of cryptocurrency as a dedicated payment method was relatively low in the U.S., like in other countries. A low market size in e-commerce The impression from this survey - most consumers viewing crypto primarily as an investment vehicle, not a day-to-day payments tool - is backed up elsewhere. A 2023 ranking of the most used payment methods in global e-commerce, based on transaction value, predicted cryptocurrency was used in about **** billion U.S. dollars' worth of online shopping, or *** percent of the total market in 2023. A forecast on the value of crypto payments in e-commerce predicted a *** percent market share by 2026. Uncertainty in the industry Central banks had a clear opinion on whether blockchain has a future part to play in the global payments industry: Nearly ********** of central banks worldwide were "unsure". ** percent of the respondents imagined domestic use cases for blockchain payments, against ** percent who pictured cross-border solutions. Interestingly, payment industry professionals believed blockchain and cryptocurrency a less important payment tech trends in 2024 than real-time payments or tokenization.

The dataset presents responses from a survey assessing the level of awareness and adoption of cryptocurrency among college students and staff in a developing economy, specifically Ghana. The data was collected using a structured questionnaire administered through a snowball sampling technique, involving 989 students and staff from six Ghanaian universities. The survey data collection lasted three months between April and May 2022. The dataset comprises raw data available in SPSS (.sav), and Excel (.xlsx) formats with a codebook. It captures self-reported levels of awareness of blockchain technology and cryptocurrency, as well as various determinants of cryptocurrency adoption based on the Utility Theory and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). The questionnaire was divided into three sections: awareness of blockchain and cryptocurrency, empirical data on drivers of cryptocurrency adoption, and demographic information of respondents. The dataset provides valuable insights into the factors influencing cryptocurrency adoption in a developing economy context. It is suitable for further multivariate analysis, including Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), multigroup analysis (MGA), and logistic regression analysis. The data allows for reuse in future research to explore trends and drivers of cryptocurrency adoption in similar contexts.

Survey responses for academic publication "Political, economic, and governance attitudes of blockchain users"

The global user base of cryptocurrencies increased by nearly *** percent between 2018 and 2020, only to accelerate further in 2022. This is according to calculations from various sources, based on information from trading platforms and on-chain wallets. Increasing demographics might initially be attributed to a rise in the number of accounts and improvements in identification. In 2021, however, crypto adoption continued as companies like Tesla and Mastercard announced their interest in cryptocurrency. Consumers in Africa, Asia, and South America were most likely to be an owner of cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin, in 2022. How many of these users have Bitcoin? User figures for individual cryptocurrencies are unavailable. Bitcoin, for instance, was created not to be tracked by banks and governments. What comes closest is the trading volume of Bitcoin against domestic fiat currencies. The source assumed, however, that UK residents were the most likely to make Bitcoin transactions with British pounds. This assumption might not be accurate for popular fiat currencies worldwide. Moreover, coins such as Tether or Binance Coin - referred to as "stablecoins" - are often used to buy and sell Bitcoin. Those coins were not included in that particular statistic. Wallet usage declined Total crypto wallet downloads were significantly lower in 2022 than in 2021. The number of downloads of Coinbase, Blockchain.com, and MetaMask, among others, declined as the market hit a "crypto winter" over the year. The crypto market also suffered bad press when FTX - one of the largest crypto exchanges based on market share - collapsed in November 2022. Binance, on the other hand, regained some of the market share it had lost between September and October 2022, growing by *** percentage points in November. As of 2025, the highest forecast for the global user base of cryptocurrencies is projected to reach *** million.

According to a 2020 survey in Turkey, a small number of respondents used cryptocurrencies for transactions - of which ***** out *** were from Gen Y. The numbers provided in here are significantly different from various sources that list Turkey as one of the countries worldwide with a large interest in crypto, including consumer surveys conducted on this topic by Statista. Unlike most other surveys - which focus on ownership - this particular survey seems to look at practical use, asking respondents whether they used cryptocurrencies for transactions or trading.

According to a survey conducted in 2025, over ** percent of the respondents in Australia were aware of Bitcoin. Among the survey respondents, around ** percent were aware of Ethereum.

Data yang didapatkan dari hasil survey terhadap pengaruh dari influencer terhadap transaksi cryptocurrency yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Survey yang dilakukan diambil dari responden dengan kriteria masyarakat yang mengikuti para influencer cryptocurrency di media sosial.

Data diukur dengan menggunakan Skala Likert dimana skala 1 = sangat tidak setuju, 2 = tidak setuju, 3 = netral, 4 = setuju, dan 5 = sangat setuju.

According to a November 2022 report on cryptocurrencies in Australia, around ten percent of the respondents reported that they had invested in Bitcoin. The second most popular cryptocurrency among the survey respondents was Ethereum, with eight percent of respondents reporting ownership.

Nearly two out of 10 women in the United Kingdom owned a cryptocurrency by late 2020, although the source does not mention which digital coin specifically. It does mention, however, that the results shown in this particular survey - held in October 2020 - were "a sharp contrast" from a previous survey from a different source in December 2019: In absolute figures, the owners had changed from around 1.9 million UK adults in December 2019 to roughly 10.6 million seven months later. No information is available whether UK consumers continued to purchase cryptocurrencies during November or December 2020 or in early 2021. Note it was during this time that the price of Bitcoin started the climb towards a value of 50,000 U.S. dollars.

A survey conducted in February 2025 found that over ** percent of respondents in Singapore were aware of Bitcoin, making it the most widely recognized cryptocurrency. Ethereum ranked second in awareness, with more than **** of the participants reporting familiarity with it.

Survey figures from the German Central Bank suggest that younger consumers were more likely to own a cryptocurrency in 2023 than their older counterparts. That year, 18-to 27-year-old survey respondents from Germany were several times more likely to own a digital currency such as Bitcoin than Germans aged 45 to 54 years old. The source does not mention specifically which virtual coin this concerns - although the survey question suggests an emphasis on Bitcoin.

According to a survey conducted in November 2021, almost 60 percent of respondents were aware of cryptocurrencies in Vietnam. At the same time, the survey also revealed that a high percentage of Vietnamese respondents regarded cryptocurrencies as a good investment.

In a survey conducted on cryptocurrency users in Singapore in 2023, 19 percent of them had a gross monthly household income of under 15,000 Singapore dollars. According to the survey, six percent of cryptocurrency users had an monthly household income of over 250,000 Singapore dollars.

According to a June 2021 survey on cryptocurrency investments in Australia, 51 percent of respondents expected the long-term performance of cryptocurrencies to be volatile, with extreme highs and lows. Only one percent of respondents expected exponential growth with no dips.

According to a survey conducted in November 2022, Bitcoin was the most popular cryptocurrency to own among Vietnamese internet users, with 31 percent of them claiming to have owned Bitcoin. Ethereum followed as the second most owned cryptocurrency in the same period.

According to a survey held from November 2021 to February 2022, 73 percent of the cryptocurrency owners in Australia were men. In comparison, 51 percent of the crypto-owners in Indonesia were women in 2022.

Prime Minister's Office announced 6 companies was authorized to mine, use and trade crypto currency in Lao PDR based on the Prime Minister's direction on the 9th September 2021. The 6 companies namely: 1. Wap Data Technology Laos, 2. Phongsubthavy Road & Bridge Construction Co., 3. Sisaket Construction Company Limited, 4. Boupha Road-Bridge Design Survey Co., Ltd., 5. Joint Development Bank, and 6. Phousy Group.