Abstract

The presence of adequate and current statistical data in various economic sectors that are considered essential for development planning, socio-economic policy formulation and economic analysis is vital in promoting the economic development of a country. Based on this general objective, the Central Statistical Agency (CSA) has been conducting surveys of various economic activities, of which, the annual Large and Medium Scale Manufacturing Industries survey is one.

Manufacturing is defined here according to International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC Revision-3.1) as “the physical or chemical transformation of materials or components into new products, whether the work is performed by power-driven machines or by hand, whether it is done in a factory or in the worker's home, and whether the products are sold at wholesale or retail. The assembly of the component parts of manufactured products is also considered as manufacturing activities.”

CSA has been publishing results of the survey of Manufacturing and Electricity Industries on annual basis since 1968 Ethiopian Calendar to provide users with reliable, comprehensive and timely statistical data on these sectors. In this respect, this survey, which is conducted on annual basis, is the principal source of industrial statistics on large and medium scale manufacturing industries in the country.

The main objectives of the annual survey of Large and Medium Scale Manufacturing and Electricity Industries are to: 1.Obtain basic statistical data that are essential for policy makers, planners and researchers by major industrial group. 2.Collect basic quantitative information on employment, volume of quantitative information on employment, volume of production and raw materials, structure and performance of the country's Large and Medium Scale Manufacturing and Electricity Industries. 3.Compile statistical data which will be an input to the System of National Accounts (SNA), on Large and Medium Scale Manufacturing and Electricity establishments as a whole and by major industrial group. 4.Obtain the number of proprietors engaged in these sectors and find out the major problems that create stumbling blocks for their activities.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

Establishment/Enterprise

Universe

The universe of the large and medium scale manufacturing survey is confined to those establishments which engaged 10 persons and above and use power-driven machines and covers both public and private industries in all Regions of the country.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

Not applicable - the survey enumerated all manufacturing industries/ enterprises that qualified as large and medium manufacturing industry category.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The questinnaire contains the following sections/ items:

Item 1.1. Adress of the establishments: This section has varibles that identify the questionnaire uniquely. The variables are; Killil, Zone, Wereda, Town, Higher, Kebele, House no, Year, ISIC, Establishmnet no, Eelephone no and P.O.Box codes or numbers.

Item 1.2. Address of Head Office if Separated From Factory: In this section information about factory head office is collected (if the factory is separated from the head office). The varibles used to collect the information are; Killil, Zone, Wereda, Town, Higher, Kebele, House no, Telephone no and P.O.Box.

Item 2. Basic Information About The Establishment: This section has questions related to basic information about the establishment.

Item 3.1. Number of Persons Engaged: This section has variables (questions) that used to collect establishment's employees number by employees occupation.

Item 3.2. Number of Persons Engaged by Educational Status: This section has varabils (questions) that used to collect establishment's employees number by their educational status.

Item 3.3. Number of Persons Engaged by Age Group: Contains variables that used to collect information about employees number by employees age group.

Item 3.4. Wages and Salaries and Other Employee Benefits Paid: This section has variables related to wages and other employees benefits by employee occupation.

Item 3.5. Number of Permanent Employees by Basic Salary Group: This section has variables related to salary groups by sex of employees

Item 4.1. Products and By-products: This section has questions related to product produced, produced quantity and sales.

Item 4.2. Service and Other Receipts: Contains questions related to income from different source other than selling the products.

Item 5. Value of Stocks: Contains questions that related to information about materials in the stock.

Item 6.1. Cost and Quantity of Raw Materials, Parts and Containers Used: This section has questions related to principal raw materials, raw material type, quantity, value and source (local or imported).

Item 6.2. Other Industrial Costs: This sections has questions related to other industrial costs including cost of energy and other expenses.

Item 6.3. Other Non-industrial Expenses: Contains questions related to non-industrial expenses like license fee, advertising, stationary, etc.

Item 6.4. Taxes Paid: This section has questions related to taxes like indirect tax and income tax.

Item 7. Fixed Assets and Investment: This section has questions related to fixed assets and investment on fixed assests and working capital.

Item 8.1. Annual Production at Full Capacity: This section has questions about quantity and value of products if the establishment uses its full capacity.

Item 8.2. Estimated Value and Quantity of Raw Materials Needed, at Full Capacity: This section has questions about the estimate of quantity and value of raw materials that needed to function at full capacity.

Item 8.3. The three major problems that prevented the establishment from operating at full capacity.

Item 8.4. The three major problems that are facing the establishment at present.

Cleaning operations

Editing, Coding and Verification: A number of quality control steps were taken to ensure the quality of data. The first step taken in this direction was, to revise the questionnaire, to make it easier for internal consistency checking or editing, both at field and office level. Furthermore, based on this revised questionnaire, revised instruction manual with field editing procedures were prepared in Amharic for both enumerators and supervisors (field editors). Using this manual, some editing and coding were carried out by field editors during the data collection stage.

After the majority of the completed questionnaires were brought back to head office, final editing, coding and verification were performed by editors, statistical technicians and statisticians. Finally, the edited and coded questionnaires were checked and verified by other senior professionals.

Data Entry, Cleaning and Tabulation: The data were entered and verified on personal computers using CSpro (Census and Survey Processing System) Software. Fifteen CSA data entry staff and one data cleaner participated in this activity for fifteen days with close supervision of the activities by two professionals. Then, the data entered were cleaned hundred percent using personal computers in combination with manual cleaning for some serious errors. Finally, the tabulation of the results was processed using the same software by one programmer with technical assistance from Industry, Trade and Services Statistics Department staff.

Abstract

The presence of adequate and current statistical data in various economic sectors that are considered essential for development planning, socio-economic policy formulation and economic analysis is vital in promoting the economic development of a country. Based on this general objective, the Central Statistical Agency (CSA) has been conducting surveys of various economic activities, of which, the annual Large and Medium Scale Manufacturing Industries survey is one.

Manufacturing is defined here according to International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC Revision-3.1) as “the physical or chemical transformation of materials or components into new products, whether the work is performed by power-driven machines or by hand, whether it is done in a factory or in the worker's home, and whether the products are sold at wholesale or retail. The assembly of the component parts of manufactured products is also considered as manufacturing activities.”

CSA has been publishing results of the survey of Manufacturing and Electricity Industries on annual basis since 1968 Ethiopian Calendar to provide users with reliable, comprehensive and timely statistical data on these sectors. In this respect, this survey, which is conducted on annual basis, is the principal source of industrial statistics on large and medium scale manufacturing industries in the country.

The main objectives of the annual survey of Large and Medium Scale Manufacturing and Electricity Industries are to: 1.Obtain basic statistical data that are essential for policy makers, planners and researchers by major industrial group. 2.Collect basic quantitative information on employment, volume of quantitative information on employment, volume of production and raw materials, structure and performance of the country's Large and Medium Scale Manufacturing and Electricity Industries. 3.Compile statistical data which will be an input to the System of National Accounts (SNA), on Large and Medium Scale Manufacturing and Electricity establishments as a whole and by major industrial group. 4.Obtain the number of proprietors engaged in these sectors and find out the major problems that create stumbling blocks for their activities.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

Establishment/ Enterprise

Universe

The universe of the large and medium scale manufacturing survey is confined to those establishments which engaged 10 persons and above and use power-driven machines and covers both public and private industries in all Regions of the country.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

Not applicable - the survey enumerated all manufacturing industries/ enterprises that qualified as large and medium manufacturing industry category.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The questinnaire contains the following sections/ items:

Item 1.1. Adress of the establishments: This section has varibles that identify the questionnaire uniquely. The variables are; Killil, Zone, Wereda, Town, Higher, Kebele, House no, Year, ISIC, Establishmnet no, Eelephone no and P.O.Box codes or numbers.

Item 1.2. Address of Head Office if Separated From Factory: In this section information about factory head office is collected (if the factory is separated from the head office). The varibles used to collect the information are; Killil, Zone, Wereda, Town, Higher, Kebele, House no, Telephone no and P.O.Box.

Item 2. Basic Information About The Establishment: This section has questions related to basic information about the establishment.

Item 3.1. Number of Persons Engaged: This section has variables (questions) that used to collect establishment's employees number by employees occupation.

Item 3.2. Number of Persons Engaged by Educational Status: This section has varabils (questions) that used to collect establishment's employees number by their educational status.

Item 3.3. Number of Persons Engaged by Age Group: Contains variables that used to collect information about employees number by employees age group.

Item 3.4. Wages and Salaries and Other Employee Benefits Paid: This section has variables related to wages and other employees benefits by employee occupation.

Item 3.5. Number of Permanent Employees by Basic Salary Group: This section has variables related to salary groups by sex of employees

Item 4.1. Products and By-products: This section has questions related to product produced, produced quantity and sales.

Item 4.2. Service and Other Receipts: Contains questions related to income from different source other than selling the products.

Item 5. Value of Stocks: Contains questions that related to information about materials in the stock.

Item 6.1. Cost and Quantity of Raw Materials, Parts and Containers Used: This section has questions related to principal raw materials, raw material type, quantity, value and source (local or imported).

Item 6.2. Other Industrial Costs: This sections has questions related to other industrial costs including cost of energy and other expenses.

Item 6.3. Other Non-industrial Expenses: Contains questions related to non-industrial expenses like license fee, advertising, stationary, etc.

Item 6.4. Taxes Paid: This section has questions related to taxes like indirect tax and income tax.

Item 7. Fixed Assets and Investment: This section has questions related to fixed assets and investment on fixed assests and working capital.

Item 8.1. Annual Production at Full Capacity: This section has questions about quantity and value of products if the establishment uses its full capacity.

Item 8.2. Estimated Value and Quantity of Raw Materials Needed, at Full Capacity: This section has questions about the estimate of quantity and value of raw materials that needed to function at full capacity.

Item 8.3. The three major problems that prevented the establishment from operating at full capacity.

Item 8.4. The three major problems that are facing the establishment at present.

Cleaning operations

Editing, Coding and Verification: A number of quality control steps were taken to ensure the quality of data. The first step taken in this direction was, to revise the questionnaire, to make it easier for internal consistency checking or editing, both at field and office level. Furthermore, based on this revised questionnaire, revised instruction manual with field editing procedures were prepared in Amharic for both enumerators and supervisors (field editors). Using this manual, some editing and coding were carried out by field editors during the data collection stage.

After the majority of the completed questionnaires were brought back to head office, final editing, coding and verification were performed by editors, statistical technicians and statisticians. Finally, the edited and coded questionnaires were checked and verified by other senior professionals.

Data Entry, Cleaning and Tabulation: The data were entered and verified on personal computers using CSpro (Census and Survey Processing System) Software. Fifteen CSA data entry staff and one data cleaner participated in this activity for fifteen days with close supervision of the activities by two professionals. Then, the data entered were cleaned hundred percent using personal computers in combination with manual cleaning for some serious errors. Finally, the tabulation of the results was processed using the same software by one programmer with technical assistance from Industry, Trade and Services Statistics Department staff.

Abstract

The presence of adequate and current statistical data in various economic sectors that are considered essential for development planning, socio-economic policy formulation and economic analysis is vital in promoting the economic development of a country. Based on this general objective, the Central Statistical Authority (CSA) has been conducting surveys of various economic activities of which the annual Large and Medium Scale Manufacturing Industries survey is one.

Manufacturing is defined here according to International Standard Industrial Classification as "the physical or chemical transformation of materials or components into new products, whether the work is performed by power-driven machines or by hand, whether it is done in a factory or in the worker's home, and whether the products are sold at wholesale or retail. The assembly of the component parts of manufactured products is also considered as manufacturing activities."

The survey questionnaire is designed to answer questions about number of establishments, number of persons engaged, wages and salaries paid by industrial group, sex, nationality and occupation, paid-up capital, gross value of production, industrial and non-industrial costs. value added, operating surplus, quantity of production and raw materials conusmed, fixed assets, investment and production capacity and etc..

The main objectives of the annual survey of Large and Medium Scale Manufacturing and Electricity Industries are to: 1.Obtain basic statistical data that are essential for policy makers, planners and researchers by major industrial group. 2.Collect basic quantitative information on employment, volume of quantitative information on employment, volume of production and raw materials, structure and performance of the country's Large and Medium Scale Manufacturing and Electricity Industries. 3.Compile statistical data which will be an input to the System of National Accounts (SNA), on Large and Medium Scale Manufacturing and Electricity establishments as a whole and by major industrial group. 4.Obtain the number of proprietors engaged in these sectors and find out the major problems that create stumbling blocks for their activities.The identification of the problems is required for planning and executing any type of government intervention program.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

Establishment

Universe

The universe of the large and medium scale manufacturing survey is confined to those establishments which engaged 10 persons and above and use power-driven machines and covers both public and private industries.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

The survey covers all large and medium manufacturing industries which engage 10 persons or more and use power-driven machines

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The questinnaire contains the following sections/ items:

Section 1.1. Adress of the establishments: This section has varibles that identify the questionnaire uniquely. The variables are; Killil, Zone, Wereda, Town, Higher, Kebele, House no, Year, ISIC, Establishmnet no, Eelephone no and P.O.Box codes or numbers.

Section 1.2. Address of Head Office if Separated From Factory: In this section information about factory head office is collected (if the factory is separated from the head office). The varibles used to collect the information are; Killil, Zone, Wereda, Town, Higher, Kebele, House no, Telephone no and P.O.Box.

Section 2. Basic Information About The Establishment: This section has questions related to basic information about the establishment.

Section 3.1. Number of Persons Engaged: This section has variables (questions) that used to collect establishment's employees number by employees occupation.

Section 3.2. Wages and Salaries and Other Employee Benefits Paid: This section has variables related to wages and other employees benefits by employee occupation.

Section 3.3. Number of Permanent Employees by Basic Salary Group: This section has variables related to salary groups by sex of employees

Section 4.1. Products and By-products: This section has questions related to product produced, produced quantity and sales.

Section 4.2. Service and Other Receipts: Contains questions related to income from different source other than selling the products.

Section 5. Value of Stocks: Contains questions that related to information about materials in the stock.

Section 6.1. Cost and Quantity of Raw Materials, Parts and Containers Used: This section has questions related to principal raw materials, raw material type, quantity, value and source (local or imported).

Section 6.2. Other Industrial Costs: This sections has questions related to other industrial costs including cost of energy and other expenses.

Section 6.3. Other Non-industrial Expenses: Contains questions related to non-industrial expenses like license fee, advertising, stationary, etc.

Section 6.4. Taxes Paid: This section has questions related to taxes like indirect tax and income tax.

Section 7.1. Type and Value of Fixed Assets: This section has questions related to fixed assets of the establishment.

Section 7.2. Annual Investment by Type and Source: This section has questions related to investment on fixed assets and working capitals.

Section 8.1. Annual Production at Full Capacity: This section has questions about quantity and value of products if the establishment uses its full capacity.

Section 8.2. Estimated Value and Quantity of Raw Materials Needed, at Full Capacity: This section has questions about the estimate of quantity and value of raw materials that needed to function at full capacity.

Section 8.3. The three major problems that prevented the establishment from operating at full capacity.

Section 8.4. The three major problems that are facing the establishment at present.

Cleaning operations

Editing, Coding and Verification: A number of quality control steps were taken to ensure the quality of data. The first step taken in this direction was, to revise the questionnaire, to make it easier for internal consistency checking or editing, both at field and office level. Furthermore, based on this revised questionnaire, revised instruction manual with field editing procedures were prepared in Amharic for both enumerators and supervisors (field editors). Using this manual, some editing and coding were carried out by field editors during the data collection stage. After the majority of the completed questionnaires were brought back to head office, final editing, coding and verification were performed by 9 statisticians and statistical technicians and 10 editors. Finally, the edited and coded questionnaires were checked and verified by other senior professionals.

Data Entry, Cleaning and Tabulation: The data were entered and verified on personal computers IMPS (Integrated Microcomputer Processing System) Software. Twelve CSA data entry staff and one data cleaner participated in this activity for fifteen days with close supervision of the activities by two professionals. Then, the data entered were cleaned using personal computers in combination with manual cleaning for some serious errors. Finally, the tabulation of the results was processed using the IMPS (Integrated Microcomputer Processing System) software by one programmer with technical assistance from Industry, Trade and Services Statistics Department staff.

Abstract

Manufacturing is defined here according to International Standard Industrial Classification as "the physical or chemical transformation of materials or components into new products, whether the work is performed by power-driven machines or by hand, whether it is done in a factory or in the worker's home, and whether the products are sold at wholesale or retail. The assembly of the component parts of manufactured products is also considered as manufacturing activities."

The presence of adequate and current statistical data in various economic sectors that are considered essential for development planning, socio-economic policy formulation and economic analysis is vital in promoting the economic development of a country. Based on this general objective, the Central Statistical Authority (CSA) has been conducting surveys of various economic activities of which the annual Large and Medium Scale Manufacturing Industries survey is one.

The survey questionnaire is designed to answer questions about number of establishments, number of persons engaged, wages and salaries paid by industrial group, sex, nationality and occupation, paid-up capital, gross value of production, industrial and non-industrial costs. value added, operating surplus, quantity of production and raw materials conusmed, fixed assets, investment and production capacity and etc..

The main objectives of the annual survey of Large and Medium Scale Manufacturing and Electricity Industries are to: 1.Obtain basic statistical data that are essential for policy makers, planners and researchers by major industrial group. 2.Collect basic quantitative information on employment, volume of quantitative information on employment, volume of production and raw materials, structure and performance of the country's Large and Medium Scale Manufacturing and Electricity Industries. 3.Compile statistical data which will be an input to the System of National Accounts (SNA), on Large and Medium Scale Manufacturing and Electricity establishments as a whole and by major industrial group. 4.Obtain the number of proprietors engaged in these sectors and find out the major problems that create stumbling blocks for their activities.The identification of the problems is required for planning and executing any type of government intervention program.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

Establishment

Universe

The universe of the large and medium scale manufacturing survey is confined to those establishments which engaged 10 persons and above and use power-driven machines and covers both public and private industries.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

The survey covers all large and medium manufacturing industries which engage 10 persons or more and use power-driven machines

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The questinnaire contains the following sections/ items:

Section 1.1. Adress of the establishments: This section has varibles that identify the questionnaire uniquely. The variables are; Killil, Zone, Wereda, Town, Higher, Kebele, House no, Year, ISIC, Establishmnet no, Eelephone no and P.O.Box codes or numbers.

Section 1.2. Address of Head Office if Separated From Factory: In this section information about factory head office is collected (if the factory is separated from the head office). The varibles used to collect the information are; Killil, Zone, Wereda, Town, Higher, Kebele, House no, Telephone no and P.O.Box.

Section 2. Basic Information About The Establishment: This section has questions related to basic information about the establishment.

Section 3.1. Number of Persons Engaged: This section has variables (questions) that used to collect establishment's employees number by employees occupation.

Section 3.2. Wages and Salaries and Other Employee Benefits Paid: This section has variables related to wages and other employees benefits by employee occupation.

Section 3.3. Number of Permanent Employees by Basic Salary Group: This section has variables related to salary groups by sex of employees

Section 4.1. Products and By-products: This section has questions related to product produced, produced quantity and sales.

Section 4.2. Service and Other Receipts: Contains questions related to income from different source other than selling the products.

Section 5. Value of Stocks: Contains questions that related to information about materials in the stock.

Section 6.1. Cost and Quantity of Raw Materials, Parts and Containers Used: This section has questions related to principal raw materials, raw material type, quantity, value and source (local or imported).

Section 6.2. Other Industrial Costs: This sections has questions related to other industrial costs including cost of energy and other expenses.

Section 6.3. Other Non-industrial Expenses: Contains questions related to non-industrial expenses like license fee, advertising, stationary, etc.

Section 6.4. Taxes Paid: This section has questions related to taxes like indirect tax and income tax.

Section 7.1. Type and Value of Fixed Assets: This section has questions related to fixed assets of the establishment.

Section 7.2. Annual Investment by Type and Source: This section has questions related to investment on fixed assets and working capitals.

Section 8.1. Annual Production at Full Capacity: This section has questions about quantity and value of products if the establishment uses its full capacity.

Section 8.2. Estimated Value and Quantity of Raw Materials Needed, at Full Capacity: This section has questions about the estimate of quantity and value of raw materials that needed to function at full capacity.

Section 8.3. The percentage of the 1994 production as compared to the factory's production at full capacity

Section 8.4. The three major problems that prevented the establishment from operating with full capacity.

Section 8.5. Reason for lack of market if there is a problem of getting market.

Section 8.6. About whether the factory make attempts to take loan or not.

Section8.7. Reason for not solving shortage of working capital if there is a shortage of working capital.

Section 8.8. The three major problems that are facing the establishment at present.

Section 8.9. Whether the factory faced problem during export.

Section 8.10. Three major problems faced during export.

Cleaning operations

Editing, Coding and Verification: A number of quality control steps were taken to ensure the quality of data. The first step taken in this direction was, to revise the questionnaire, to make it easier for internal consistency checking or editing, both at field and office level. Furthermore, based on this revised questionnaire, revised instruction manual with field editing procedures were prepared in Amharic for both enumerators and supervisors (field editors). Using this manual, some editing and coding were carried out by field editors during the data collection stage. After the majority of the completed questionnaires were brought back to head office, final editing, coding and verification were performed. The coding and the manual editing and verification activity was performed by 7 statisticians and statistical technicians and 10 editors. Finally, the edited and coded questionnaires were checked and verified by other senior professionals.

Data Entry, Cleaning and Tabulation: The data were entered and verified on personal computers using IMPS (Integrated Microcomputer Processing System) Software. Twelve CSA data entry were participated for this purpose for seven days with close supervision of the activities by two professionals. Then, the data entered were cleaned using personal computers in combination with manual cleaning for some serious errors. Finally, the tabulation of the results were processed using the IMPS (Integrated Microcomputer Processing System) software by one programmer with technical assistance from Industry, Trade and Services Statistics Department staff.

Abstract

The general objective of Manufacturing and Electricity Industries Survey is to collect basic quantitative information on the country's manufacturing that is essential for planning, policy making, monitoring, System of National Accounts (SNA) and evaluation of the performance and structure of the manufacturing industries, and ensure the smooth supply of inputs and production of commodities and deal with the problems that crop up in the sector.

The specific objectives of Manufacturing and Electricity Industries Survey are to gauge the total number of proprietors/manufacturing industries, employment, income obtained, and volume and value of production and inputs, value added and other variables of interest. The specific objectives also enable to reveal the distribution of manufacturing industries across the regions and major towns of the country, the sector's contribution to the economy, the investment situation, etc.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

Enterprises/ Industries

Universe

The universe of the large and medium scale manufacturing survey is confined to those establishments which engaged 10 persons and above and use power-driven machines and covers both public and private industries in all regions of the country.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

Not applicable - the survey enumerated all manufacturing industries/ enterprises that qualified as large and medium manufacturing industry category.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The questinnaire contains the following sections/ items:

Item 1.1. Adress of the establishments: This section has varibles that identify the questionnaire uniquely. The variables are; Killil, Zone, Wereda, Town, Higher, Kebele, House no, Year, ISIC, Establishmnet no, Eelephone no and P.O.Box codes or numbers.

Item 1.2. Address of Head Office if Separated From Factory: In this section information about factory head office is collected (if the factory is separated from the head office). The varibles used to collect the information are; Killil, Zone, Wereda, Town, Higher, Kebele, House no, Telephone no and P.O.Box.

Item 2. Basic Information About The Establishment: This section has questions related to basic information about the establishment.

Item 3.1. Number of Persons Engaged: This section has variables (questions) that used to collect establishment's employees number by employees occupation.

Item 3.2. Number of Persons Engaged by Educational Status: This section has varabils (questions) that used to collect establishment's employees number by their educational status.

Item 3.3. Number of Persons Engaged by Age Group: Contains variables that used to collect information about employees number by employees age group.

Item 3.4. Wages and Salaries and Other Employee Benefits Paid: This section has variables related to wages and other employees benefits by employee occupation.

Item 3.5. Number of Permanent Employees by Basic Salary Group: This section has variables related to salary groups by sex of employees

Item 4.1. Products and By-products: This section has questions related to product produced, produced quantity and sales.

Item 4.2. Service and Other Receipts: Contains questions related to income from different source other than selling the products.

Item 5. Value of Stocks: Contains questions that related to information about materials in the stock.

Item 6.1. Cost and Quantity of Raw Materials, Parts and Containers Used: This section has questions related to principal raw materials, raw material type, quantity, value and source (local or imported).

Item 6.2. Other Industrial Costs: This sections has questions related to other industrial costs including cost of energy and other expenses.

Item 6.3. Other Non-industrial Expenses: Contains questions related to non-industrial expenses like license fee, advertising, stationary, etc.

Item 6.4. Taxes Paid: This section has questions related to taxes like indirect tax and income tax.

Item 7. Fixed Assets and Investment: This section has questions related to fixed assets and investment on fixed assests and working capital.

Item 8.1. Annual Production at Full Capacity: This section has questions about quantity and value of products if the establishment uses its full capacity.

Item 8.2. Estimated Value and Quantity of Raw Materials Needed, at Full Capacity: This section has questions about the estimate of quantity and value of raw materials that needed to function at full capacity.

Item 8.3. The three major problems that prevented the establishment from operating at full capacity.

Item 8.4. The three major problems that are facing the establishment at present.

Cleaning operations

Editing, Coding and Verification Statistical data editing plays an important role in ensuring the quality of the collected survey data. It minimizes the effects of errors introduced while collecting data in the field, hence the need for data editing, coding and verification. Although coding and editing are done by the enumerators and supervisors in the field, respectively, verification of this task is also done at the Head Office comprehensively.

An editing, coding and verification instruction manual was prepared and reproduced for this purpose. Then 30 editors-coders and verifiers were trained for two days in editing, coding and verification using the aforementioned manual as a reference and teaching aid. The completed questionnaires were edited, coded and later verified on a 100 % basis before the questionnaires were passed over to the data entry unit. The editing, coding and verification exercise of all questionnaires took 30 days.

Data Entry, Cleaning and Tabulation Before data entry, the Business Statistics Directorate of the CSA prepared edit specification for the survey for use on personal computers for data consistency checking purposes. The data on the edited and coded questionnaires were then entered into personal computers and checked and cleaned for consistency purposes using the edit specification prepared earlier for this purpose. The data entry operation involved about 20 data encoders and took 30 days to finish the job. Finally, summarization of the data was done on personal computers to produce statistical tables as per the tabulation plan.

Abstract

The general objective of Manufacturing and Electricity Industries Survey is to collect basic quantitative information on the country's manufacturing that is essential for planning, policy making, monitoring, System of National Accounts (SNA) and evaluation of the performance and structure of the manufacturing industries, and ensure the smooth supply of inputs and production of commodities and deal with the problems that crop up in the sector.

The specific objectives of Manufacturing and Electricity Industries Survey are to gauge the total number of proprietors/manufacturing industries, employment, income obtained, and volume and value of production and inputs, value added and other variables of interest. The specific objectives also enable to reveal the distribution of manufacturing industries across the regions and major towns of the country, the sector's contribution to the economy, the investment situation, etc.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

Enterprises/ Industries

Universe

All public and private manufacturing industries/enterprises which engaged ten persons and more and used power-driven machinery.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

Not applicable - the survey enumerated all manufacturing industries/ enterprises that qualified as large and medium manufacturing industry category.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The questinnaire contains the following sections/ items:

Item 1.1. Adress of the establishments: This section has varibles that identify the questionnaire uniquely. The variables are; Killil, Zone, Wereda, Town, Higher, Kebele, House no, Year, ISIC, Establishmnet no, Eelephone no and P.O.Box codes or numbers.

Item 1.2. Address of Head Office if Separated From Factory: In this section information about factory head office is collected (if the factory is separated from the head office). The varibles used to collect the information are; Killil, Zone, Wereda, Town, Higher, Kebele, House no, Telephone no and P.O.Box.

Item 2. Basic Information About The Establishment: This section has questions related to basic information about the establishment.

Item 3.1. Number of Persons Engaged: This section has variables (questions) that used to collect establishment's employees number by employees occupation.

Item 3.2. Number of Persons Engaged by Educational Status: This section has varabils (questions) that used to collect establishment's employees number by their educational status.

Item 3.3. Number of Persons Engaged by Age Group: Contains variables that used to collect information about employees number by employees age group.

Item 3.4. Wages and Salaries and Other Employee Benefits Paid: This section has variables related to wages and other employees benefits by employee occupation.

Item 3.5. Number of Permanent Employees by Basic Salary Group: This section has variables related to salary groups by sex of employees

Item 4.1. Products and By-products: This section has questions related to product produced, produced quantity and sales.

Item 4.2. Service and Other Receipts: Contains questions related to income from different source other than selling the products.

Item 5. Value of Stocks: Contains questions that related to information about materials in the stock.

Item 6.1. Cost and Quantity of Raw Materials, Parts and Containers Used: This section has questions related to principal raw materials, raw material type, quantity, value and source (local or imported).

Item 6.2. Other Industrial Costs: This sections has questions related to other industrial costs including cost of energy and other expenses.

Item 6.3. Other Non-industrial Expenses: Contains questions related to non-industrial expenses like license fee, advertising, stationary, etc.

Item 6.4. Taxes Paid: This section has questions related to taxes like indirect tax and income tax.

Item 7. Fixed Assets and Investment: This section has questions related to fixed assets and investment on fixed assests and working capital.

Item 8.1. Annual Production at Full Capacity: This section has questions about quantity and value of products if the establishment uses its full capacity.

Item 8.2. Estimated Value and Quantity of Raw Materials Needed, at Full Capacity: This section has questions about the estimate of quantity and value of raw materials that needed to function at full capacity.

Item 8.3. The three major problems that prevented the establishment from operating at full capacity.

Item 8.4. The three major problems that are facing the establishment at present.

Cleaning operations

Editing, Coding and Verification Statistical data editing plays an important role in ensuring the quality of the collected survey data. It minimizes the effects of errors introduced while collecting data in the field, hence the need for data editing, coding and verification. Although coding and editing are done by the enumerators and supervisors in the field, respectively, verification of this task is also done at the Head Office comprehensively.

An editing, coding and verification instruction manual was prepared and reproduced for this purpose. Then 30 editors-coders and verifiers were trained for two days in editing, coding and verification using the aforementioned manual as a reference and teaching aid. The completed questionnaires were edited, coded and later verified on a 100 % basis before the questionnaires were passed over to the data entry unit. The editing, coding and verification exercise of all questionnaires took 30 days.

Data Entry, Cleaning and Tabulation Before data entry, the Business Statistics Directorate of the CSA prepared edit specification for the survey for use on personal computers for data consistency checking purposes. The data on the edited and coded questionnaires were then entered into personal computers and checked and cleaned for consistency purposes using the edit specification prepared earlier for this purpose. The data entry operation involved about 20 data encoders and took 30 days to finish the job. Finally, summarization of the data was done on personal computers to produce statistical tables as per the tabulation plan.

Abstract

The Ethiopia Socioeconomic Survey (ESS) is a collaborative project between the Central Statistics Agency of Ethiopia (CSA) and the World Bank Living Standards Measurement Study-Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA) team. The objective of the LSMS-ISA is to collect multi-topic, household-level panel data with a special focus on improving agriculture statistics and generating a clearer understanding of the link between agriculture and other sectors of the economy. The project also aims to build capacity, share knowledge across countries, and improve survey methodologies and technology.

ESS is a long-term project to collect panel data. The project responds to the data needs of the country, given the dependence of a high percentage of households in agriculture activities in the country. The ESS collects information on household agricultural activities along with other information on the households like human capital, other economic activities, access to services and resources. The ability to follow the same households over time makes the ESS a new and powerful tool for studying and understanding the role of agriculture in household welfare over time as it allows analyses of how households add to their human and physical capital, how education affects earnings, and the role of government policies and programs on poverty, inter alia. The ESS is the first panel survey to be carried out by the CSA that links a multi-topic household questionnaire with detailed data on agriculture.

Geographic coverage

National Regional Urban and Rural

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual
• Community

Universe

The survey covered all de jure households excluding prisons, hospitals, military barracks, and school dormitories.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sampling frame for the new ESS4 is based on the updated 2018 pre-census cartographic database of enumeration areas by CSA. The ESS4 sample is a two-stage stratified probability sample. The ESS4 EAs in rural areas are the subsample of the AgSS EA sample. That means, the first stage of sampling in the rural areas entailed selecting enumeration areas (i.e. the primary sampling units) using simple random sampling (SRS) from the sample of the 2018 AgSS enumeration areas (EAs). The first stage of sampling for urban areas is selecting EAs directly from the urban frame of EAs within each region using systematically with PPS. This is designed in way that automatically results in a proportional allocation of the urban sample by zone within each region. Following the selection of sample EAs, they are allocated by urban rural strata using power allocation which is happened to be closer to proportional allocation.

The second stage of sampling for the ESS4 is the selection of households to be surveyed in each sampled EA using systematic random sampling. From the rural EAs, 10 agricultural households are selected as a subsample of the households selected for the AgSS and 2 non-agricultural households are selected from the non-agriculture households list in that specific EA. The non-agriculture household selection follows the same sampling method i.e. systematic random sampling. One important issue to note in ESS4 sampling is that the total number of agriculture households per EA remains 10 even though there are less than 2 or no non-agriculture households are listed and sampled in that EA.

For urban areas, a total of 15 households are selected per EA regardless of the households’ economic activity. The households are selected using systematic random sampling from the total households listed in that specific EA. Table 3.2 presents the distribution of sample households for ESS4 by region, urban and rural stratum. A total of 7527 households are sampled for ESS4 based on the above sampling strategy.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

The survey consisted of five questionnaires, similar with the questionnaires used during the previous rounds with revisions based on the results of the previous rounds as well as on identified areas of need for new data.

The household questionnaire was administered to all households in the sample; multiple modules in the household questionnaire were administered per eligible household members in the sample.

The community questionnaire was administered to a group of community members to collect information on the socio-economic indicators of the enumeration areas where the sample households reside.

The three agriculture questionnaires consisting of a post-planting agriculture questionnaire, post-harvest agriculture questionnaire and livestock questionnaire were administered to all household members (agriculture holders) who are engaged in agriculture activities. A holder is a person who exercises management control over the operations of the agricultural holdings and makes the major decisions regarding the utilization of the available resources. S/he has technical and economic responsibility for the holding. S/he may operate the holding directly as an owner or as a manager. Hence it is possible to have more than one holder in single sampled households. As a result we have administered more than one agriculture questionnaire in a single sampled household if the household has more than one holder.

Household questionnaire: The household questionnaire provides information on education; health (including anthropometric measurement for children); labor and time use; financial inclusion; assets ownership and user right; food and non-food expenditure; household nonfarm activities and entrepreneurship; food security and shocks; safety nets; housing conditions; physical and financial assets; credit; tax and transfer; and other sources of household income. Household location is geo-referenced in order to be able to later link the ESS data to other available geographic data sets (See Appendix 1 for discussion of the geo-data provided with the ESS).

Community questionnaire: The community questionnaire solicits information on infrastructure; community organizations; resource management; changes in the community; key events; community needs, actions and achievements; and local retail price information.

Agriculture questionnaire: The post-planting and post-harvest agriculture questionnaires focus on crop farming activities and solicit information on land ownership and use; land use and agriculture income tax; farm labor; inputs use; GPS land area measurement and coordinates of household fields; agriculture capital; irrigation; and crop harvest and utilization. The livestock questionnaire collects information on animal holdings and costs; and production, cost and sales of livestock by products.

Cleaning operations

Final data cleaning was carried out on all data files. Only errors that could be clearly and confidently fixed by the team were corrected; errors that had no clear fix were left in the datasets. Cleaning methods for these errors are left up to the data user.

Response rate

ESS4 planned to interview 7,527 households from 565 enumeration areas (EAs) (Rural 316 EAs and Urban 249 EAs). A total of 6770 households from 535 EAs were interviewed for both the agriculture and household modules. The household module was not implemented in 30 EAs due to security reasons (See the Basic Information Document for additional information on survey implementation).

Abstract

An earlier firm-level survey of Ethiopia was conducted in 2002/03 through a collaborative effort of the World Bank, EDRI, Ministry of Trade and Industry, Ethiopian Export Promotion Agency, CSA, Ethiopian Chamber of Commerce, Ethiopian Private Industries Association, Ethiopian Investment Authority, Addis Ababa Women Entrepreneurs’ Association, and UNIDO. Similar surveys have also been carried out in other developing countries. It is believed that a number of reform attempts have been done to encourage the performance of the private sector since the last survey. These include, tax reforms, streamlining business registration processes, investment in the power sector, etc. The current survey in Ethiopia is a follow-up data collection to further look at the effects of past policy reforms on the business climate indicators that affect business performance and growth; identify the current microeconomic impediments and discuss policy options with the government in order to improve the investment climate in Ethiopia.

The sample for Enterprise Surveys is consistently defined in all countries and includes the entire manufacturing sector, the services sector, and the transportation and construction sectors. Public utilities, government services, health care, and financial services sectors are not included in the sample. Enterprise Surveys collect a wide array of qualitative and quantitative information through face-to-face interviews with firm managers and owners regarding the business environment in their countries and the productivity of their firms. The topics covered in Enterprise Surveys include the obstacles to doing business, infrastructure, finance, labor, corruption and regulation, law and order, innovation and technology, trade, and firm productivity.

The Ethiopia Enterprise Survey was conducted between February and October 2006. Data from 484 establishments were analyzed.

Geographic coverage

National

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sample for countries participating in the Enterprise Surveys is stratified by industry, firm size, and geographic region.

For stratification by industry, the main manufacturing sectors in each country in terms of value added, number of firms, and contribution to employment are selected. The retail trade sector is also included in all countries as a representative of the services sector, and depending on the size of the economy, the information technology (IT) sector is included. The rest of the universe comprises a residual stratum. In Ethiopia, Manufacturing sector included 359 firms, Services sector - 119 companies and Other sectors (Residual) - 6 businesses.

Size stratification is defined the following way: small establishments (5 to 19 employees), medium establishments (20 to 99 employees), and large establishments (more than 99 employees).

Regional stratification includes the main economic areas in each country. Addis Ababa, Gondar, Adwa, Awasa, Bahir Dar, Bishoftu, Dire Dawa, Shashemen, Mekele, Adigrat, Nazareth, Harar, Modjo, Wonji and Dilla were surveyed in Ethiopia.

Through this methodology estimates for the different stratification levels can be calculated on a separate basis while at the same time inferences can be made for the economy as a whole, weighting individual observations by corresponding sample weights. Sample sizes for each stratification level are defined ensuring a minimum precision level of 7.5% with 95% confidence intervals for estimates with population proportions.

For more technical details on the sampling strategy, please review "Sampling Methodology" in "Technical Documents" folder.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The current survey instruments are available: - Ethiopia: Investment Climate Survey II. Questionnaire for Manufacturing Sector Establishments; - Ethiopia: Investment Climate Survey II. Questionnaire for Retail/Services Sector Establishments.

Cleaning operations

Data entry and quality controls are implemented by the contractor and data is delivered to the World Bank in batches (typically 10%, 50% and 100%). These data deliveries are checked for logical consistency, out of range values, skip patterns, and duplicate entries. Problems are flagged by the World Bank and corrected by the implementing contractor through data checks, callbacks, and revisiting establishments.