United States - Rest of the World; Currency; Asset, Transactions was 1488.00000 Mil. of $ in January of 2024, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Rest of the World; Currency; Asset, Transactions reached a record high of 121325.00000 in January of 2020 and a record low of -10675.00000 in January of 2007. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Rest of the World; Currency; Asset, Transactions - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on June of 2025.

One United States dollar was worth over ****** Indonesian rupiah in May 2024, the highest value in a comparison of over 50 different currencies worldwide. All countries and territories shown here are based on the Big Mac Index - a measurement of how much a single Big Mac is worth across different areas in the world. This exchange rate comparison reveals a strong position of the dollar in Asia and Latin America. Note, though, that several of the top currencies shown here do not rank among the most traded. The quarterly U.S. dollar exchange rate against the ten biggest forex currencies only contains the Korean won and the Japanese yen.

A graphic that displays the dollar performance against other currencies reveals that economic developments had mixed results on currency exchanges. The third quarter of 2023 marked a period of disinflation in the euro area, while China's projected growth was projected to go up. The United States economy was said to have a relatively strong performance in Q3 2023, although growing capital market interest rate and the resumption of student loan repayments might dampen this growth at the end of 2023. A relatively weak Japanese yen Q3 2023 saw pressure from investors towards Japanese authorities on how they would respond to the situation surrounding the Japanese yen. The USD/JPY rate was close to ***, whereas analysts suspected it should be around ** given the country's purchase power parity. The main reason for this disparity is said to be the differences in central bank interest rates between the United States, the euro area, and Japan. Any future aggressive changes from, especially the U.S. Fed might lower those differences. Financial markets responded somewhat disappoint when Japan did not announce major plans to tackle the situation. Potential rent decreases in 2024 Central bank rates peak in 2023, although it is expected that some of these will decline in early 2024. That said, analysts expect overall policies will remain restrictive. For example, the Bank of England's interest rate remained unchanged at **** percent in Q3 2023. It is believed the United Kingdom's central bank will ease its interest rate in 2024 but less than either the U.S. Fed or the European Central Bank. This should be a positive development for the pound compared to either the euro or the dollar.

The DXY exchange rate rose to 97.9584 on July 14, 2025, up 0.11% from the previous session. Over the past month, the United States Dollar has weakened 0.32%, and is down by 6.03% over the last 12 months. United States Dollar - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

The U.S. dollar was the most common currency in foreign exchange reserves in 2023, comprising more than three times the amount of the euro in global reserves that year. This total peaked in 2015, partly due to the strength of the dollar during the Eurozone crisis. The share of the U.S. dollar has lost since to the Japanese yen and euro, as well as other currencies. Why do foreign exchange reserves matter? When countries with different currencies export goods, they must agree on a currency for payment. As a result, countries hold currency reserves worth trillions of U.S. dollars. After World War II, the U.S. dollar itself became the international currency in the Bretton Woods Agreement and is thus the most common currency for international payments. The United States Treasury is also seen by most as risk-free, giving the country a low-risk premium. For this reason, countries hold U.S. dollars in reserve because the currency holds value relatively well eventually. China and currency reserves Since 2016, the International Monetary Fund has included the Chinese renminbi (yuan) as part of the Special Drawing Rights (SDR) basket. This decision recognized the influence of the renminbi as a reserve currency, particularly in several Asian countries. China also holds significant foreign exchange reserves itself, funded by its large positive trade balance.

Graph and download economic data for Currency in Circulation (CURRCIR) from Aug 1917 to Jun 2025 about currency and USA.

The USD/CNY exchange rate fell to 7.1702 on July 14, 2025, down 0.03% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Chinese Yuan has strengthened 0.17%, and is up by 1.42% over the last 12 months. Chinese Yuan - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

The euro and U.S. dollar made up more than ***** of 10 SWIFT payments worldwide in 2025, outperforming many other currencies. This is according to a monthly report meant to track the market share of China's yuan renminbi within the international bank transfer system SWIFT. Although China holds the largest forex reserves in the world, the yuan ranked as the ******-used currency in international payments. The figures concern customer-initiated and institutional payments and exclude trade. Discussions on the potential weakening role of the U.S. dollar especially touch world trade and forex. For example, the share of the USD in forex reserves declined visibly against the euro and Japanese yen in 2024. What sparked this de-dollarization trend, and will it continue? Trade sanctions and de-dollarization De-dollarization in 2024 is mentioned mostly alongside trade and the BRICS countries - an informal name given to Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. The combined GDP of BRICS is about ** percent of the world's economy. After the start of the Ukraine war and Russia received economic sanctions, the BRICS slowly evolved into a trading bloc. The group increasingly wanted its own currency to settle payments within the trade bloc, to avoid using the U.S. dollar. In August 2024, BRICS will gather in South Africa to discuss the creation of such a new joint currency. Additionally, ** countries - including Argentina, Algeria, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Yemen - expressed interest in joining the BRICS group. CBDC, or projects into a digital payment settlement A factor of future uncertainty for the U.S. dollar is how central bank digital currencies (CBDC) develop in emerging countries. Several projects exist between individual countries that specifically target cross-border interbank payments. A cooperation between Thailand and Hong Kong, Inthanon-Lionrock, ranks as the most advanced of these projects. CBDC does not require the U.S. dollar to function. Tangible such as commodities or gold can back them. The value of transactions processed with CBDC is to grow by ******* percent between 2024 and 2030.

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Foreign Exchange Market Size 2025-2029

The foreign exchange market size is forecast to increase by USD 582 billion, at a CAGR of 10.6% between 2024 and 2029.

The Foreign Exchange Market is segmented by type (reporting dealers, financial institutions, non-financial customers), trade finance instruments (currency swaps, outright forward and FX swaps, FX options), trading platforms (electronic trading, over-the-counter (OTC), mobile trading), and geography (North America: US, Canada; Europe: Germany, Switzerland, UK; Middle East and Africa: UAE; APAC: China, India, Japan; South America: Brazil; Rest of World). This segmentation reflects the market's global dynamics, driven by institutional trading, increasing digital adoption through electronic trading and mobile trading, and regional economic activities, with APAC markets like India and China showing significant growth alongside traditional hubs like the US and UK.
The market is experiencing significant shifts driven by the escalating trends of urbanization and digitalization. These forces are creating 24x7 trading opportunities, enabling greater accessibility and convenience for market participants. However, the market's dynamics are not without challenges. The uncertainty of future exchange rates poses a formidable obstacle for businesses and investors alike, necessitating robust risk management strategies. As urbanization continues to expand and digital technologies reshape the trading landscape, market players must adapt to remain competitive. One significant trend is the increasing use of money transfer agencies, venture capital investments, and mutual funds in foreign exchange transactions. Companies seeking to capitalize on these opportunities must navigate the challenges effectively, ensuring they stay abreast of exchange rate fluctuations and implement agile strategies to mitigate risk.
The ability to adapt and respond to these market shifts will be crucial for success in the evolving market.

What will be the Size of the Foreign Exchange Market during the forecast period?

Explore in-depth regional segment analysis with market size data - historical 2019-2023 and forecasts 2025-2029 - in the full report.
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In the dynamic and intricate realm of the market, entities such as algorithmic trading, order book, order management systems, and liquidity risk intertwine, shaping the ever-evolving market landscape. The market's continuous unfolding is characterized by the integration of various components, including sentiment analysis, Fibonacci retracement, mobile trading, and good-for-the-day orders. Market activities are influenced by factors like political stability, monetary policy, and market liquidity, which in turn impact economic growth and trade settlement. Technical analysis, with its focus on chart patterns and moving averages, plays a crucial role in informing trading decisions. The market's complexity is further amplified by the presence of entities like credit risk, counterparty risk, and operational risk.

Central bank intervention, order execution, clearing and settlement, and trade confirmation are essential components of the market's infrastructure, ensuring a seamless exchange of currencies. Geopolitical risk, currency correlation, and inflation rates contribute to currency volatility, necessitating hedging strategies and risk management. Market risk, interest rate differentials, and commodity currencies influence trading strategies, while cross-border payments and brokerage services facilitate international trade. The ongoing evolution of the market is marked by the emergence of advanced trading platforms, automated trading, and real-time data feeds, enabling traders to make informed decisions in an increasingly interconnected and complex global economy.

How is this Foreign Exchange Industry segmented?

The foreign exchange industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  Reporting dealers
  Financial institutions
  Non-financial customers


Trade Finance Instruments

  Currency swaps
  Outright forward and FX swaps
  FX options


Trading Platforms

  Electronic Trading
  Over-the-Counter (OTC)
  Mobile Trading


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    Germany
    Switzerland
    UK


  Middle East and Africa

    UAE


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan


  South America

    Brazil


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Type Insights

The reporting dealers segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The market is a dynamic and complex ecosystem where various entities interplay to manage currency risks and facilitate international trade. Reporting dealers, as key participants,

Costa Rica: Percent of world foreign exchange reserves: The latest value from 2023 is 0.091 percent, an increase from 0.061 percent in 2022. In comparison, the world average is 0.741 percent, based on data from 135 countries. Historically, the average for Costa Rica from 1960 to 2023 is 0.047 percent. The minimum value, 0.01 percent, was reached in 1961 while the maximum of 0.091 percent was recorded in 2023.

Graph and download economic data for Nominal Broad U.S. Dollar Index (DTWEXBGS) from 2006-01-02 to 2025-07-03 about trade-weighted, broad, exchange rate, currency, goods, services, rate, indexes, and USA.

United States - Rest of the World; Currency; Asset, Level was 1052620.00000 Mil. of $ in January of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Rest of the World; Currency; Asset, Level reached a record high of 1052620.00000 in January of 2025 and a record low of 0.00000 in October of 1946. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Rest of the World; Currency; Asset, Level - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

Chad: Percent of world foreign exchange reserves: The latest value from 2021 is 0.001 percent, a decline from 0.003 percent in 2020. In comparison, the world average is 0.629 percent, based on data from 159 countries. Historically, the average for Chad from 1960 to 2021 is 0.006 percent. The minimum value, -0.006 percent, was reached in 1969 while the maximum of 0.022 percent was recorded in 1964.

Graph and download economic data for Exchange Rate to U.S. Dollar for Vietnam (FXRATEVNA618NUPN) from 1970 to 2010 about Viet Nam, exchange rate, currency, rate, and USA.

Forex daily volume was nearly *** billion U.S. dollars for the USD currency, an amount ***** times higher than for the euro (EUR). The forex - or foreign exchange market - turnover per day is a figure that is not often measured, only once every three years. No figures are available for 2020, for instance. What figures are available, however, indicate that the USD currency far outweighs that of many other currencies all over the world. What is the forex market? The forex market is based on the fluctuations in the value of currency interest rates. For example, the U.S. dollar performs differently against other major currencies. If one can properly predict these fluctuations, they can buy a weaker currency with a stronger one. After the currencies rebalance, the original currency will be worth more in terms of the exchange rate, giving the investor a profit. There are many foreign exchange trading services, including many multinational banks which already work in multiple currencies. Other currency trading functions Countries and central banks typically hold foreign currencies. These international reserves help facilitate the transactions in international trade, which is one reason China’s foreign reserves are so high. Countries can buy and sell foreign currencies to maintain a particular exchange rate. This is necessary for currencies which are pegged to another currency, such as the U.S. dollar. However, some countries are accused of exchange rate manipulation to make their exports seem more attractive. Finally, certain currencies are considered safer. Citizens and firms in a country with an unstable currency will buy these currencies to avoid volatility, or even hyperinflation, in their home currency.

United States - Rest of the World; Currency; Asset, Level was 1048018.00000 Mil. of $ in January of 2024, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Rest of the World; Currency; Asset, Level reached a record high of 1048018.00000 in January of 2024 and a record low of 0.00000 in January of 1946. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Rest of the World; Currency; Asset, Level - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on June of 2025.

The USD/INR exchange rate rose to 85.8700 on July 11, 2025, up 0.17% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Indian Rupee has weakened 0.34%, and is down by 2.81% over the last 12 months. Indian Rupee - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

Key information about Russia Exchange Rate against USD

• Russia Exchange Rate against USD averaged 83.161 (USD/RUB) in Jun 2023, compared with 78.937 USD/RUB in the previous month.
• Russia Exchange Rate against USD data is updated monthly, available from Jun 1992 to Jun 2023.
• The data reached an all-time high of 103.681 in Mar 2022 and a record low of 0.138 in Jun 1992.

• In the latest reports, Russia Short Term Interest Rate: MIACR: 1 to 3 Months was reported at 9.370 % pa in Aug 2022.
• Its Long Term Interest Rate (Long Term Interest Rate: Month End: GKO-OFZ Government Bond Zero Coupon Yield: 10 Years) was reported at 11.090 % pa in Jun 2023.
• The cash rate (Policy Rate: Month End: Key Rate) was set at 7.500 % pa in Jun 2023.

The USA: Percent of world foreign exchange reserves: The latest value from 2023 is 5.337 percent, an increase from 5.044 percent in 2022. In comparison, the world average is 0.741 percent, based on data from 135 countries. Historically, the average for the USA from 1960 to 2023 is 11.814 percent. The minimum value, 3.262 percent, was reached in 2015 while the maximum of 32.488 percent was recorded in 1960.

World GDP for 2023 was 100.000 trillion US dollars, a 0% increase from 2022.

<ul style='margin-top:20px;'>

<li>World GDP for 2022 was <strong>100.000 trillion US dollars</strong>, a <strong>2.2% increase</strong> from 2021.</li>
<li>World GDP for 2021 was <strong>97.848 trillion US dollars</strong>, a <strong>14.09% increase</strong> from 2020.</li>
<li>World GDP for 2020 was <strong>85.763 trillion US dollars</strong>, a <strong>2.71% decline</strong> from 2019.</li>
</ul>GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.