Mortgage interest rates worldwide varied greatly in June 2025, from less than ******percent in many European countries to as high as ***percent in Turkey. The average mortgage rate in a country depends on the central bank's base lending rate and macroeconomic indicators such as inflation and forecast economic growth. Since 2022, inflationary pressures have led to rapid increases in mortgage interest rates. Which are the leading mortgage markets? An easy way to estimate the importance of the mortgage sector in each country is by comparing household debt depth, or the ratio of the debt held by households compared to the county's GDP. In 2024, Switzerland, Australia, and Canada had some of the highest household debt to GDP ratios worldwide. While this indicator shows the size of the sector relative to the country’s economy, the value of mortgages outstanding allows to compare the market size in different countries. In Europe, for instance, the United Kingdom, Germany, and France were the largest mortgage markets by outstanding mortgage lending. Mortgage lending trends in the U.S. In the United States, new mortgage lending soared in 2021. This was largely due to the growth of new refinance loans that allow homeowners to renegotiate their mortgage terms and replace their existing loan with a more favorable one. Following the rise in interest rates, the mortgage market cooled, and refinance loans declined.

Mortgage interest rates in Europe soared in 2022 and remained elevated in the following two years. In many countries, this resulted in mortgage interest rates across the region more than doubling. In the first quarter of 2025, the average mortgage interest rate in the UK stood at **** percent. Spain had the lowest rate, at **** percent, while Poland had the highest, at *** percent. Why did mortgage interest rates increase? Mortgage rates have risen as a result of the European Central Bank (ECB) interest rate increase. The ECB increased its interest rates to tackle inflation. As inflation calms, the ECB is expected to cut rates, which allows mortgage lenders to reduce mortgage interest rates. What is the impact of interest rates on home buying? Lower interest rates make taking out a housing loan more affordable, and thus, encourage home buying. That can be seen in many countries across Europe: In France, the number of residential properties sold rose in the years leading up to 2021, and fell as interest rates increased. The number of houses sold in the UK followed a similar trend.

30 Year Mortgage Rate in the United States decreased to 6.23 percent in November 26 from 6.26 percent in the previous week. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for the United States 30 Year Mortgage Rate.

In the United States, interest rates for all mortgage types started to increase in 2021. This was due to the Federal Reserve introducing a series of hikes in the federal funds rate to contain the rising inflation. In the second quarter of 2025, the 30-year fixed rate dropped slightly, to **** percent. The rate remained below the peak of **** percent in the fourth quarter of 2023. Why have U.S. home sales decreased? Cheaper mortgages normally encourage consumers to buy homes, while higher borrowing costs have the opposite effect. As interest rates increased in 2022, the number of existing homes sold plummeted. Soaring house prices over the past 10 years have further affected housing affordability. Between 2014 and 2024, the median price of an existing single-family home risen by about ** percent. On the other hand, the median weekly earnings have risen much slower. Comparing mortgage terms and rates Between 2008 and 2024, the average rate on a 15-year fixed-rate mortgage in the United States stood between **** and **** percent. Over the same period, a 30-year mortgage term averaged a fixed-rate of between **** and **** percent. Rates on 15-year loan terms are lower to encourage a quicker repayment, which helps to improve a homeowner’s equity.

Mortgage Rate in Australia decreased to 5.51 percent in September from 5.52 percent in August of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Australia Mortgage Rate.

The mortgage credit interest rate is the average interest rate on mortgage loan products offered to individuals and households by the commercial banks in the country. The mortgage credit is a loan used to finance the purchase of real estate. The table shows the latest available data from the national authorities as well as the values from three months ago and one year ago. The data are updated continuously.

Mortgage Rate in Sweden decreased to 2.80 percent in September from 2.84 percent in August of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Sweden Average Interest Rate on New Agreements for Mortgages to Households.

Mortgage interest rates in Spain soared in 2022, after falling below *** percent at the end of 2021. In the first quarter of 2025, the average weighted interest rate stood at **** percent. That was lower than the rate in the same period the previous year. Despite the increase, Spain had a considerably lower mortgage interest rate than many other European countries. The aftermath of the property bubble Before the bursting of the real estate bubble, the housing market experienced a period of intense activity. A context marked by economic growth, high employment rate, low interest rates, skyrocketing house prices and land speculation, among others, encourage massive lending for the acquisition of property; in 2005 alone, more than *** million home mortgages were granted in Spain. When the bubble burst and the financial crisis hit the country, residential real estate transactions plummeted and households’ non-performing loans jumped to nearly ** billion euros as countless families were not able to cope with their debts. Over a decade after the onset of the crisis, and despite falling mortgage rates, the volume of mortgage loans keeps decreasing every year. A homeowner country Traditionally, Spain has been a country of homeowners; in 2021, the homeownership rate was roughly ** percent. While nearly half of Spanish households own their property with no outstanding payment, the percentage of households that have loan or mortgage pending has been decreasing in recent years. Despite ownership remaining as the preferred tenure option, cultural changes, job insecurity and mounting house prices are prompting Spaniards to opt more and more to become tenants instead of owners, as shown in the changing dynamics of the Spanish residential rental market.

Factors Affecting USA National Home Prices:

Overview:

This dataset contains a comprehensive collection of indicators which dictate the housing prices in the United States.

1. US Mortgage Rates:

• The average interest rates on mortgage loans in the United States.
• Used to track the cost of borrowing for housing and its impact on the real estate market.

2. Gross Domestic Product (GDP):

• The total monetary value of all goods and services produced within the United States during a specified period.
• A fundamental measure of economic performance, reflecting the overall economic health and growth trends of the country.

3. Unemployment Rates:

• The percentage of the labor force that is currently unemployed and actively seeking employment.
• A crucial indicator of labor market health and economic stability, influencing government policies and social welfare programs.

4. FED Funds Rate:

• The interest rate at which depository institutions lend reserve balances to other depository institutions overnight, as set by the Federal Reserve.
• This rate is a primary tool for monetary policy, influencing borrowing costs and, subsequently, overall economic activity.

5. Population Growth:

• The annual rate at which the U.S. population is changing, reflecting births, deaths, and migration.
• Offers insights into demographic trends, which have implications for labor force, consumer markets, and social services planning.

6. Consumer Price Index (CPI):

• A measure of the average change over time in the prices paid by urban consumers for a market basket of consumer goods and services.
• A key indicator for assessing inflation or deflation, influencing consumer spending behavior and economic policy decisions.

S&P Case-Shiller Housing Price Index (USA):

• Measures changes in the prices of residential real estate properties over time, offering insight into the health and trends of the housing market in the United States.
• Crucial for assessing the state of the housing market, including property values, trends, and their impact on the broader economy.

The average mortgage interest rate decreased in nearly every country in Europe between 2012 and 2021, followed by an increase in response to inflation. In the first quarter of 2025, Poland, Hungary, and Romania topped the ranking as the countries with the highest mortgage interest rates in Europe. Conversely, Finland, Belgium, and Spain displayed the lowest interest rates. The UK, which is the country with the largest value of mortgages outstanding, had an interest rate of **** percent.

Ukraine Lending Rate: Weighted Avg: Households: Real Estate Loans: Euro data was reported at 5.000 % pa in May 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 11.710 % pa for Apr 2017. Ukraine Lending Rate: Weighted Avg: Households: Real Estate Loans: Euro data is updated monthly, averaging 12.309 % pa from Feb 2006 (Median) to May 2018, with 97 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16.320 % pa in Jan 2015 and a record low of 0.000 % pa in Jun 2013. Ukraine Lending Rate: Weighted Avg: Households: Real Estate Loans: Euro data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bank of Ukraine. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ukraine – Table UA.M005: Lending Rate: Households.

The property listings dataset contains information about real estate properties available for sale or rent in Brazil. It includes details such as property type (apartment, house, commercial property), location (city, neighborhood), size (square footage, number of rooms), price, amenities, and contact information for the property owner or real estate agent. This dataset can be used for market analysis, property valuation, and identifying trends in the real estate market.

Sales and Rental Prices Dataset: The sales and rental prices dataset provides information about the prices of real estate properties in Brazil. It includes data on property transactions, including sale prices and rental prices per square meter or per month. This dataset can be used to analyze price trends, compare property prices across different regions, and identify areas with high or low real estate market demand.

Property Characteristics Dataset: The property characteristics dataset contains detailed information about the features and attributes of real estate properties. It includes data such as the number of bedrooms, bathrooms, parking spaces, floor plan, construction year, building amenities, and property condition. This dataset can be used for property classification, identifying popular property features, and evaluating property quality.

Geographical Data: Geographical data includes information about the location and spatial features of real estate properties in Brazil. It can include data such as latitude and longitude coordinates, zoning information, proximity to amenities (schools, hospitals, parks), and neighborhood demographics. This dataset can be used for spatial analysis, identifying hotspots or desirable locations, and understanding the neighborhood characteristics.

Property Market Trends Dataset: The property market trends dataset provides information about market conditions and trends in the real estate sector in Brazil. It includes data such as the number of property listings, average time on the market, price fluctuations, mortgage interest rates, and economic indicators that impact the real estate market. This dataset can be used for market forecasting, understanding market dynamics, and making informed investment decisions.

Real Estate Regulatory Data: Real estate regulatory data includes information about legal and regulatory aspects of the real estate sector in Brazil. It can include data on property ownership, property taxes, zoning regulations, building permits, and legal restrictions on property transactions. This dataset can be used for legal compliance, understanding property ownership rights, and assessing the legal framework for real estate transactions.

Historical Data: Historical real estate data includes past records and trends of property prices, market conditions, and sales volumes in Brazil. This dataset can span several years and can be used to analyze long-term market trends, compare current market conditions with historical data, and assess the performance of the real estate market over time.

Graph and download economic data for Delinquency Rate on Single-Family Residential Mortgages, Booked in Domestic Offices, All Commercial Banks (DRSFRMACBS) from Q1 1991 to Q3 2025 about domestic offices, delinquencies, 1-unit structures, mortgage, family, residential, commercial, domestic, banks, depository institutions, rate, and USA.

Ukraine Lending Rate: Weighted Avg: NFC: Real Estate Loans: Russian Ruble data was reported at 13.000 % pa in Mar 2014. This records a decrease from the previous number of 20.233 % pa for Nov 2013. Ukraine Lending Rate: Weighted Avg: NFC: Real Estate Loans: Russian Ruble data is updated monthly, averaging 13.392 % pa from Apr 2006 (Median) to Mar 2014, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 20.233 % pa in Nov 2013 and a record low of 11.000 % pa in May 2006. Ukraine Lending Rate: Weighted Avg: NFC: Real Estate Loans: Russian Ruble data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bank of Ukraine. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ukraine – Table UA.M004: Lending Rate: Non Financial Corporations.

Moldova Lending Rate: Weighted Average: New Granted: NC: Individuals: Real Estate: 6 to 12 Months data was reported at 11.200 % pa in Sep 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 8.500 % pa for Feb 2018. Moldova Lending Rate: Weighted Average: New Granted: NC: Individuals: Real Estate: 6 to 12 Months data is updated monthly, averaging 20.700 % pa from Jan 2004 (Median) to Sep 2018, with 103 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 28.000 % pa in Nov 2009 and a record low of 5.500 % pa in Oct 2013. Moldova Lending Rate: Weighted Average: New Granted: NC: Individuals: Real Estate: 6 to 12 Months data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bank of Moldova. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Moldova – Table MD.M003: Lending Rate.

The mortgage interest rate in Denmark declined overall from *** percent in 2016 to **** percent in 2021, followed by a dramatic increase until 2024. In the first quarter of 2025, the average weighted interest rate stood at **** percent. A similar trend of interest rates escalating has been observed across all European countries.

Negative Equity in U.S. Housing Market

Measuring Home Values, Debt, and Credit Risk

By Zillow Data [source]

About this dataset

This dataset, Negative Equity in the US Housing Market, provides an in-depth look into the negative equity occurring across the United States during this single quarter. Included are metrics such as total amount of negative equity in millions of dollars, total number of homes in negative equity, percentage of homes with mortgages that are in negative equity and more. These data points provide helpful insights into both regional and national trends regarding the prevalence and rate of home mortgage delinquency stemming from a diminishment of value from peak levels.

Home types available for analysis include 'all homes', condos/co-ops, multifamily units containing five or more housing units as well as duplexes/triplexes. Additionally, Cash buyers rates for particular areas can also be determined by referencing this collection. Further metrics such as mortgage affordability rates and impacts on overall indebtedness are readily calculated using information related to Zillow's Home Value Index (ZHVI) forecast methodology and TransUnion data respectively.

Other variables featured within this dataset include characteristics like region type (i.e city, county ..etc), size rank based on population values , percentage change in ZHVI since peak levels as well as loan-to-value ratio greater than 200 across all regions constituted herein (NE). Moreover Zillow's own Secondary Mortgage Market Survey data is utilized to acquire average mortgage quote rates while correlative Census Bureau NCHS median household income figures represent typical assessable proportions between wages and debt obligations . So whether you're looking to assess effects along metro lines or detailed buffering through zip codes , this database should prove sufficient for insightful explorations! Nonetheless users must strictly adhere to all conditions encompassed within Terms Of Use commitments put forth by our lead provider before accessing any resources included herewith

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Research Ideas

• Analyzing regional and state trends in negative equity: Analyze geographic differences in the percentage of mortgages “underwater”, total amount of negative equity, number of homes at least 90 days late, and other key indicators to provide insight into the factors influencing negative equity across regions, states and cities.
• Tracking the recovery rate over time: Track short-term changes in numbers related to negative equity (e.g., region or area ZHVI Change from Peak) to monitor recovery rates over time as well as how different policy interventions are affecting homeownership levels in affected areas.
• Exploring best practices for promoting housing affordability: Compare affordability metrics (e.g., mortgage payments, price-to-income ratios) across different geographic locations over time to identify best practices for empowering homeowners and promoting stability within the housing market while reducing local inequality impacts related to availability of affordable housing options and access to credit markets like mortgages/loans etc

Acknowledgements

If you use this dataset in your research, please credit the original authors. Data Source

License

See the dataset description for more information.

Columns

File: NESummary_2017Q1_Public.csv | Column name | Description | |:------------------------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | RegionType | The type of region (e.g., city, county, metro etc.) (String) | | City | Name of the city (String) | | County | Name of the county (String) | | State | Name of the state (String) | | Metro ...

Ukraine Lending Rate: Weighted Avg: Households: Real Estate Loans: Other data was reported at 6.500 % pa in May 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 3.000 % pa for Apr 2018. Ukraine Lending Rate: Weighted Avg: Households: Real Estate Loans: Other data is updated monthly, averaging 8.180 % pa from Feb 2006 (Median) to May 2018, with 107 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13.505 % pa in May 2010 and a record low of 3.000 % pa in Apr 2018. Ukraine Lending Rate: Weighted Avg: Households: Real Estate Loans: Other data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bank of Ukraine. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ukraine – Table UA.M005: Lending Rate: Households.

Russia has recorded a decrease in the average weighted interest rate on mortgage loans issued to residents in the national currency in April 2025. In that month, the mortgage loan rate stood at **** percent.

The mortgage interest rate in France had been on a downward trend for nearly a decade, until it started to rise in 2022. In the first quarter of 2025, the interest rate amounted to *** percent, down from **** percent during the peak in the first quarter of the year. A similar trend can be observed across most European countries.