Industrial activities are the greatest energy end-user sector in the United States, reaching a consumption of some 31 quadrillion British thermal units in 2024, followed by the transportation sector. The U.S. is the second-largest energy consumer in the world, after China. Energy source in the United States Consumption of fossil fuels still accounts for the majority of U.S. primary energy consumption. The transportation and industrial sectors are the sectors with the largest fossil fuel consumption in the country, the former relying on oil-based motor fuels. Electricity generation in the United States Although around 60 percent of the electricity generated in the U.S. is derived from natural gas and coal, the use of renewable sources is becoming more common in electricity production, with the largest increase in wind and solar power. These two clean energy resources are projected to generate as much power as natural gas by 2030.

The UK's direct use of energy from fossil fuels and other sources (nuclear, net imports, renewables, biofuels and waste and reallocated use of energy by industry (SIC 2007 section - 21 categories), 1990 to 2023.

Over the past half a century, the world's electricity consumption has continuously grown, reaching approximately 27,000 terawatt-hours by 2023. Between 1980 and 2023, electricity consumption more than tripled, while the global population reached eight billion people. Growth in industrialization and electricity access across the globe have further boosted electricity demand. China's economic rise and growth in global power use Since 2000, China's GDP has recorded an astonishing 15-fold increase, turning it into the second-largest global economy, behind only the United States. To fuel the development of its billion-strong population and various manufacturing industries, China requires more energy than any other country. As a result, it has become the largest electricity consumer in the world. Electricity consumption per capita In terms of per capita electricity consumption, China and other BRIC countries are still vastly outpaced by developed economies with smaller population sizes. Iceland, with a population of less than half a million inhabitants, consumes by far the most electricity per person in the world. Norway, Qatar, Canada, and the United States also have among the highest consumption rates. Multiple contributing factors such as the existence of power-intensive industries, household sizes, living situations, appliance and efficiency standards, and access to alternative heating fuels determine the amount of electricity the average person requires in each country.

This table expresses the use of renewable energy as gross final consumption of energy. Figures are presented in an absolute way, as well as related to the total energy use in the Netherlands. The total gross final energy consumption in the Netherlands (the denominator used to calculate the percentage of renewable energy per ‘Energy sources and techniques’) can be found in the table as ‘Total, including non-renewables’ and Energy application ‘Total’. The gross final energy consumption for the energy applications ‘Electricity’ and ‘Heat’ are also available. With these figures the percentages of the different energy sources and applications can be calculated; these values are not available in this table. The gross final energy consumption for ‘Transport’ is not available because of the complexity to calculate this. More information on this can be found in the yearly publication ‘Hernieuwbare energie in Nederland’. Renewable energy is energy from wind, hydro power, the sun, the earth, heat from outdoor air and biomass. This is energy from natural processes that is replenished constantly. The figures are broken down into energy source/technique and into energy application (electricity, heat and transport). This table focuses on the share of renewable energy according to the EU Renewable Energy Directive. Under this directive, countries can apply an administrative transfer by purchasing renewable energy from countries that have consumed more renewable energy than the agreed target. For 2020, the Netherlands has implemented such a transfer by purchasing renewable energy from Denmark. This transfer has been made visible in this table as a separate energy source/technique and two totals are included; a total with statistical transfer and a total without statistical transfer. Figures for 2020 and before were calculated based on RED I; in accordance with Eurostat these figures will not be modified anymore. Inconsistencies with other tables undergoing updates may occur. Data available from: 1990 Status of the figures: This table contains definite figures up to and including 2022, figures for 2023 are revised provisional figures and figures for 2024 are provisional. Changes as of june 2025: Figures for 2024 have been added. Changes as of January 2025 Renewable cooling has been added as Energy source and technique from 2021 onwards, in accordance with RED II. Figures for 2020 and earlier follow RED I definitions, renewable cooling isn’t a part of these definitions. The energy application “Heat” has been renamed to “Heating and cooling”, in accordance with RED II definitions. RED II is the current Renewable Energy Directive which entered into force in 2021 Changes as of November 15th 2024 Figures for 2021-2023 have been adjusted. 2022 is now definitive, 2023 stays revised provisional. Because of new insights for windmills regarding own electricity use and capacity, figures on 2021 have been revised. Changes as of March 2024: Figures of the total energy applications of biogas, co-digestion of manure and other biogas have been restored for 2021 and 2022. The final energy consumption of non-compliant biogas (according to RED II) was wrongly included in the total final consumption of these types of biogas. Figures of total biogas, total biomass and total renewable energy were not influenced by this and therefore not adjusted. When will new figures be published? Provisional figures on the gross final consumption of renewable energy in broad outlines for the previous year are published each year in June. Revised provisional figures for the previous year appear each year in June. In November all figures on the consumption of renewable energy in the previous year will be published. These figures remain revised provisional, definite figures appear in November two years after the reporting year. Most important (expected) changes between revised provisional figures in November and definite figures a year later are the figures on solar photovoltaic energy. The figures on the share of total energy consumption in the Netherlands could also still be changed by the availability of adjusted figures on total energy consumption.

United States Total Energy Consumption data was reported at 93.691 BTU qn in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 94.812 BTU qn for 2022. United States Total Energy Consumption data is updated yearly, averaging 92.977 BTU qn from Dec 1980 (Median) to 2023, with 44 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 98.965 BTU qn in 2007 and a record low of 70.489 BTU qn in 1983. United States Total Energy Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by U.S. Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.EIA.IES: Energy Production and Consumption: Annual.

Germany Total Energy Consumption data was reported at 10.183 BTU qn in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 11.309 BTU qn for 2022. Germany Total Energy Consumption data is updated yearly, averaging 13.850 BTU qn from Dec 1991 (Median) to 2023, with 33 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 14.853 BTU qn in 1991 and a record low of 10.183 BTU qn in 2023. Germany Total Energy Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by U.S. Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.EIA.IES: Energy Production and Consumption: Annual.

Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption) in Indonesia was reported at 20.2 % in 2021, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Indonesia - Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption) in United States was reported at 10.9 % in 2021, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. United States - Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

Global primary energy consumption has increased dramatically in recent years and is projected to continue to increase until 2045. Only hydropower and renewable energy consumption are expected to increase between 2045 and 2050 and reach 30 percent of the global energy consumption. Energy consumption by country The distribution of energy consumption globally is disproportionately high among some countries. China, the United States, and India were by far the largest consumers of primary energy globally. On a per capita basis, it was Qatar, Singapore, the United Arab Emirates, and Iceland to have the highest per capita energy consumption. Renewable energy consumption Over the last two decades, renewable energy consumption has increased to reach over 90 exajoules in 2023. Among all countries globally, China had the largest installed renewable energy capacity as of that year, followed by the United States.

Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption) in China was reported at 15.2 % in 2021, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. China - Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on September of 2025.

Tuvalu’s environment is under pressure: sea-water rise contaminating the soil with salt, direct impact on waste and sewage systems from rising human density contributing to further damage. The 1987 UN Brundlandt report has definitely shown the existing link between environment/ecology and development /economy. Tomorrow’s economy stems from today’s environment. Investing in the quality of soil, avoiding water pollution, protecting natural resources especially energy sources as well as fighting against climate change will largely determine the success of Tuvalu’s development for this new century. The current study concerning renewable energy potential and implementation in Tuvalu is at the crossroad of 2 issues, each with major strategic implications: climate change threats and worldwide oil crises. Given this context, what can renewable energy contribute to Tuvalu’s benefit? Analysis of Tuvalu’s energy consumption reveals the following characteristics: • Tuvalu’s economy is almost totally dependant on oil. Only around 18% comes from local biomass resources, which is not accounted for in official statistics and is not the object of any active policy. • Consumption for transportation: primarily sea transport and recently, road transport, account for over 50% of total current energy consumption. • Prime importance of electricity production: courtesy of a Japanese aid program, an initiative to reinforce production with new diesel generators is slated to be implemented on Funafuti in 2006 continuing Tuvalu’s dependence on imported oil. • The 3rd highest energy consumption, thermal use (cooking, boiling water for drinking, sanitary hot water), is mainly provided by biomass.

Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption) in Czech Republic was reported at 17.2 % in 2021, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Czech Republic - Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on September of 2025.

China Total Energy Consumption data was reported at 161.897 BTU qn in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 153.520 BTU qn for 2022. China Total Energy Consumption data is updated yearly, averaging 44.216 BTU qn from Dec 1980 (Median) to 2023, with 44 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 161.897 BTU qn in 2023 and a record low of 18.508 BTU qn in 1981. China Total Energy Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by U.S. Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s China – Table CN.EIA.IES: Energy Production and Consumption: Annual.

Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption) in Turkey was reported at 12 % in 2021, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Turkey - Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on August of 2025.

China is the largest consumer of primary energy in the world, having used some 176.35 exajoules in 2024. This is a lot more than what the United States consumed, which comes in second place. The majority of primary energy fuels worldwide are still derived from fossil fuels, such as oil and coal. China's energy mix China’s primary energy mix has shifted from a dominant use of coal to an increase in natural gas and renewable sources. Since 2013, the renewables share in total energy consumption has grown by around eight percentage points. Overall, global primary energy consumption has increased over the last decade, and it is expected to experience the largest growth in emerging economies like the BRIC countries - Brazil, Russia, India, and China. What is primary energy? Primary energy is the energy inherent in natural resources such as crude oil, coal, and wind before further transformation. For example, crude oil can be refined into secondary fuels, such as gasoline or diesel, while wind is harnessed for electricity - itself a secondary energy source. A country’s total primary energy supply is a measure of the country’s primary energy sources. Meanwhile, end use energy is the energy directly consumed by the user and includes primary fuels such as natural gas, as well as secondary sources, like electricity and gasoline.

Petroleum is the primary source of energy in the United States, with a consumption of 35.35 quadrillion British thermal units in 2024. Closely following, the U.S. had 34.2 quadrillion British thermal units of energy derived from natural gas. Energy consumption by sector in the United States Petroleum is predominantly utilized as a fuel in the transportation sector, which is also the second-largest consumer of energy in the U.S. with almost 30 percent of the country’s total energy consumption in 2024. This figure is topped only by the energy-guzzling industrial sector, a major consumer of fossil fuels such as petroleum and natural gas. Renewable energy in the United States Despite the prevalence of fossil fuels in the U.S. energy mix, the use of renewable energy consumption has grown immensely in the last decades to approximately 11 exajoules in 2023. Most of the renewable energy produced in the U.S. is derived from biomass, hydro and wind sources. In 2024, renewable electricity accounted for approximately 24 percent of the nation’s total electricity generation.

Brazil Electricity Consumption: Total data was reported at 47,850.000 GWh in Feb 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 47,143.000 GWh for Jan 2025. Brazil Electricity Consumption: Total data is updated monthly, averaging 25,058.500 GWh from Jan 1979 (Median) to Feb 2025, with 554 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 47,850.000 GWh in Feb 2025 and a record low of 7,859.000 GWh in Feb 1979. Brazil Electricity Consumption: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Brazil. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.RB001: Electricity Consumption. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Comprehensive monthly and annual time series on all energy sources. Data on production, consumption, reserves, stocks, prices, imports, and exports. Monthly time series extend back to 1973 and annual time series extend back to 1949. National-level data on major end-use sectors ,i.e., residential, commercial, industrial, and transportation.