The data labeling market is experiencing robust growth, projected to reach $3.84 billion in 2025 and maintain a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 28.13% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is fueled by the increasing demand for high-quality training data across various sectors, including healthcare, automotive, and finance, which heavily rely on machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI). The surge in AI adoption, particularly in areas like autonomous vehicles, medical image analysis, and fraud detection, necessitates vast quantities of accurately labeled data. The market is segmented by sourcing type (in-house vs. outsourced), data type (text, image, audio), labeling method (manual, automatic, semi-supervised), and end-user industry. Outsourcing is expected to dominate the sourcing segment due to cost-effectiveness and access to specialized expertise. Similarly, image data labeling is likely to hold a significant share, given the visual nature of many AI applications. The shift towards automation and semi-supervised techniques aims to improve efficiency and reduce labeling costs, though manual labeling will remain crucial for tasks requiring high accuracy and nuanced understanding. Geographical distribution shows strong potential across North America and Europe, with Asia-Pacific emerging as a key growth region driven by increasing technological advancements and digital transformation. Competition in the data labeling market is intense, with a mix of established players like Amazon Mechanical Turk and Appen, alongside emerging specialized companies. The market's future trajectory will likely be shaped by advancements in automation technologies, the development of more efficient labeling techniques, and the increasing need for specialized data labeling services catering to niche applications. Companies are focusing on improving the accuracy and speed of data labeling through innovations in AI-powered tools and techniques. Furthermore, the rise of synthetic data generation offers a promising avenue for supplementing real-world data, potentially addressing data scarcity challenges and reducing labeling costs in certain applications. This will, however, require careful attention to ensure that the synthetic data generated is representative of real-world data to maintain model accuracy. This comprehensive report provides an in-depth analysis of the global data labeling market, offering invaluable insights for businesses, investors, and researchers. The study period covers 2019-2033, with 2025 as the base and estimated year, and a forecast period of 2025-2033. We delve into market size, segmentation, growth drivers, challenges, and emerging trends, examining the impact of technological advancements and regulatory changes on this rapidly evolving sector. The market is projected to reach multi-billion dollar valuations by 2033, fueled by the increasing demand for high-quality data to train sophisticated machine learning models. Recent developments include: September 2024: The National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) is poised to invest heavily in artificial intelligence, earmarking up to USD 700 million for data labeling services over the next five years. This initiative aims to enhance NGA's machine-learning capabilities, particularly in analyzing satellite imagery and other geospatial data. The agency has opted for a multi-vendor indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity (IDIQ) contract, emphasizing the importance of annotating raw data be it images or videos—to render it understandable for machine learning models. For instance, when dealing with satellite imagery, the focus could be on labeling distinct entities such as buildings, roads, or patches of vegetation.October 2023: Refuel.ai unveiled a new platform, Refuel Cloud, and a specialized large language model (LLM) for data labeling. Refuel Cloud harnesses advanced LLMs, including its proprietary model, to automate data cleaning, labeling, and enrichment at scale, catering to diverse industry use cases. Recognizing that clean data underpins modern AI and data-centric software, Refuel Cloud addresses the historical challenge of human labor bottlenecks in data production. With Refuel Cloud, enterprises can swiftly generate the expansive, precise datasets they require in mere minutes, a task that traditionally spanned weeks.. Key drivers for this market are: Rising Penetration of Connected Cars and Advances in Autonomous Driving Technology, Advances in Big Data Analytics based on AI and ML. Potential restraints include: Rising Penetration of Connected Cars and Advances in Autonomous Driving Technology, Advances in Big Data Analytics based on AI and ML. Notable trends are: Healthcare is Expected to Witness Remarkable Growth.

Coast Train is a library of images of coastal environments, annotations, and corresponding thematic label masks (or ‘label images’) collated for the purposes of training and evaluating machine learning (ML), deep learning, and other models for image segmentation. It includes image sets from both geospatial satellite, aerial, and UAV imagery and orthomosaics, as well as non-geospatial oblique and nadir imagery. Images include a diverse range of coastal environments from the U.S. Pacific, Gulf of Mexico, Atlantic, and Great Lakes coastlines, consisting of time-series of high-resolution (≤1m) orthomosaics and satellite image tiles (10–30m). Each image, image annotation, and labelled image is available as a single NPZ zipped file. NPZ files follow the following naming convention: {datasource}_{numberofclasses}_{threedigitdatasetversion}.zip, where {datasource} is the source of the original images (for example, NAIP, Landsat 8, Sentinel 2), {numberofclasses} is the number of classes us ...

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This dataset contains annotations (i.e. polygons) for solar photovoltaic (PV) objects in the previously published dataset "Classification Training Dataset for Crop Types in Rwanda" published by RTI International (DOI: 10.34911/rdnt.r4p1fr [1]). These polygons are intended to enable the use of this dataset as a machine learning training dataset for solar PV identification in drone imagery. Note that this dataset contains ONLY the solar panel polygon labels and needs to be used with the original RGB UAV imagery “Drone Imagery Classification Training Dataset for Crop Types in Rwanda” (https://mlhub.earth/data/rti_rwanda_crop_type). The original dataset contains UAV imagery (RGB) in .tiff format in six provinces in Rwanda, each with three phases imaged and our solar PV annotation dataset follows the same data structure with province and phase label in each subfolder.Data processing:Please refer to this Github repository for further details: https://github.com/BensonRen/Drone_based_solar_PV_detection. The original dataset is divided into 8000x8000 pixel image tiles and manually labeled with polygons (mainly rectangles) to indicate the presence of solar PV. These polygons are converted into pixel-wise, binary class annotations.Other information:1. The six provinces that UAV imagery came from are: (1) Cyampirita (2) Kabarama (3) Kaberege (4) Kinyaga (5) Ngarama (6) Rwakigarati. These original data collections were staged across 18 phases, each collected a set of imagery from a given Province (each provinces had 3 phases of collection). We have annotated 15 out of 18 phases, with the missing ones being: Kabarama-Phase2, Kaberege-Phase3, and Kinyaga-Phase3 due to data compatibility issues of the unused phases.2. The annotated polygons are transformed into binary maps the size of the image tiles but where each pixel is either 0 or 1. In this case, 0 represents background and 1 represents solar PV pixels. These binary maps are in .png format and each Province/phase set has between 9 and 49 annotation patches. Using the code provided in the above repository, the same image patches can be cropped from the original RGB imagery.3. Solar PV densities vary across the image patches. In total, there were 214 solar PV instances labeled in the 15 phase.Associated publications:“Utilizing geospatial data for assessing energy security: Mapping small solar home systems using unmanned aerial vehicles and deep learning” [https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.05548]This dataset is published under CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0 license. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/)

O tamanho e a participação do mercado são categorizados com base em Image Annotation (Bounding Box Annotation, Polygon Annotation, Semantic Segmentation, 3D Cuboid Annotation, Image Classification) and Text Annotation (Named Entity Recognition, Sentiment Analysis, Text Categorization, Part-of-Speech Tagging, Text Summarization) and Video Annotation (Object Tracking, Action Recognition, Event Detection, Video Classification, Frame-by-Frame Annotation) and Audio Annotation (Speech Recognition, Speaker Identification, Emotion Recognition, Transcription Services, Audio Classification) and Sensor Data Annotation (Lidar Data Annotation, Radar Data Annotation, Depth Data Annotation, Time-Series Data Annotation, Geospatial Data Annotation) and regiões geográficas (América do Norte, Europa, Ásia-Pacífico, América do Sul, Oriente Médio e África)

This dataset contains orthomosaics and individual Regions of Interest (ROIs) of forage grasses in crop fields from experimental trials of CIAT’s tropical forages breeding program; and annotations in Common Objects in Context (COCO) format derived from that data. The ROIs were manually annotated on UAV imagery and exported in common objects in context (COCO) format compatible with different machine learning models and architectures. 9,554 ROIs in the geospatial data and 12,365 annotations of forage grasses in COCO format. Methodology: The dataset was generated through a multi-step process beginning with data acquisition of forages crop fields via UAV flights (DJI Phantom 4 Multispectral drone) with RTK determining the geolocation. These images were processed in Agisoft Metashape to generate georeferenced orthomosaics as raster files. Manual annotation of forage grasses ROIs was performed in QGIS and the geospatial data for 8 different orthomosaics was later converted to COCO format using custom python scripting. To ensure compatibility witch COCO standards and optimize training efficiency, the large orthomosaics where clipped to the annotations’ extents with additional 1% spatial buffer and split into tiles with a maximum dimension close to 1024 pixels for the larger side and 25% overlap.

This deposit offers a comprehensive collection of geospatial and metadata files that constitute the Seatizen Atlas dataset, facilitating the management and analysis of spatial information. To navigate through the data, you can use an interface available at seatizenmonitoring.ifremer.re, which provides a condensed CSV file tailored to your choice of metadata and the selected area.To retrieve the associated images, you will need to use a script that extracts the relevant frames. A brief tutorial is available here: Tutorial.All the scripts for processing sessions, creating the geopackage, and generating files can be found here: SeatizenDOI github repository.The repository includes:

seatizen_atlas_db.gpkg: geopackage file that stores extensive geospatial data, allowing for efficient management and analysis of spatial information.
session_doi.csv: a CSV file listing all sessions published on Zenodo. This file contains the following columns:

session_name: identifies the session.
session_doi: indicates the URL of the session.
place: indicates the location of the session.
date: indicates the date of the session.
raw_data: indicates whether the session contains raw data or not.
processed_data: indicates whether the session contains processed data.
metadata_images.csv: a CSV file describing all metadata for each image published in open access. This file contains the following columns:

OriginalFileName: indicates the original name of the photo.
FileName: indicates the name of the photo adapted to the naming convention adopted by the Seatizen team (i.e., YYYYMMDD_COUNTRYCODE-optionalplace_device_session-number_originalimagename).
relative_file_path: indicates the path of the image in the deposit.
frames_doi: indicates the DOI of the version where the image is located.
GPSLatitude: indicates the latitude of the image (if available).
GPSLongitude: indicates the longitude of the image (if available).
GPSAltitude: indicates the depth of the frame (if available).
GPSRoll: indicates the roll of the image (if available).
GPSPitch: indicates the pitch of the image (if available).
GPSTrack: indicates the track of the image (if available).
GPSDatetime: indicates when frames was take (if available).
GPSFix: indicates GNSS quality levels (if available).
metadata_multilabel_predictions.csv: a CSV file describing all predictions from last multilabel model with georeferenced data.

FileName: indicates the name of the photo adapted to the naming convention adopted by the Seatizen team (i.e., YYYYMMDD_COUNTRYCODE-optionalplace_device_session-number_originalimagename).
frames_doi: indicates the DOI of the version where the image is located.
GPSLatitude: indicates the latitude of the image (if available).
GPSLongitude: indicates the longitude of the image (if available).
GPSAltitude: indicates the depth of the frame (if available).
GPSRoll: indicates the roll of the image (if available).
GPSPitch: indicates the pitch of the image (if available).
GPSTrack: indicates the track of the image (if available).
GPSFix: indicates GNSS quality levels (if available).
prediction_doi: refers to a specific AI model prediction on the current image (if available).
A column for each class predicted by the AI model.
metadata_multilabel_annotation.csv: a CSV file listing the subset of all the images that are annotated, along with their annotations. This file contains the following columns:

FileName: indicates the name of the photo.
frame_doi: indicates the DOI of the version where the image is located.
relative_file_path: indicates the path of the image in the deposit.
annotation_date: indicates the date when the image was annotated.
A column for each class with values:

1: if the class is present.
0: if the class is absent.
-1: if the class was not annotated.
seatizen_atlas.qgz: a qgis project which formats and highlights the geopackage file to facilitate data visualization.
darwincore_multilabel_annotations.zip: a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A) file listing the subset of all the images that are annotated, along with their annotations.

Размер и доля сегментированы по Image Data Labeling (2D Image Annotation, 3D Image Annotation, Image Segmentation, Image Classification, Image Tagging) and Text Data Labeling (Sentiment Analysis, Named Entity Recognition, Text Classification, Content Moderation, Transcription Services) and Audio Data Labeling (Speech Recognition, Transcription Services, Audio Classification, Speaker Identification, Sound Event Detection) and Video Data Labeling (Object Detection, Action Recognition, Video Segmentation, Scene Classification, Annotation for Surveillance) and Sensor Data Labeling (Lidar Data Annotation, Radar Data Annotation, IoT Device Data Labeling, Geospatial Data Annotation, Time Series Data Labeling) and регионам (Северная Америка, Европа, Азиатско-Тихоокеанский регион, Южная Америка, Ближний Восток и Африка)

Spatial prepositions have been studied in some detail from multiple disciplinary perspectives. However, neither the semantic similarity of these prepositions, nor the relationships between the multiple senses of different spatial prepositions, are well understood. In an empirical study of 24 spatial prepositions, we identify the degree and nature of semantic similarity and extract senses for three semantically similar groups of prepositions using t-SNE, DBSCAN clustering, and Venn diagrams. We validate the work by manual annotation with another data set. We find nuances in meaning among proximity and adjacency prepositions, such as the use of close to instead of near for pairs of lines, and the importance of proximity over contact for the next to preposition, in contrast to other adjacency prepositions.

The 3D Point Cloud Annotation Services market has emerged as a pivotal segment within the realms of computer vision, artificial intelligence, and geospatial technologies, addressing the increasing demand for accurate data interpretation across various industries. As enterprises strive to leverage 3D data for enhance

“Mobile mapping data” or “geospatial videos”, as a technology that combines GPS data with videos, were collected from the windshield of vehicles with Android Smartphones. Almost 7,000 videos with an average length of 70 seconds were recorded in 2019. The smartphones collected sensor data (longitude and latitude, accuracy, speed and bearing) approximately every second during the video recording. Based on the geospatial videos, we manually identified and labeled about 10,000 parking violations in data with the help of an annotation tool. For this purpose, we defined six categorical variables (see PDF). Besides parking violations, we included street features like street category, type of bicycle infrastructure, and direction of parking spaces. An example for a street category is the collector street, which is an access street with primary residential use as well as individual shops and community facilities. Obviously, the labeling is a step that can (partly) be done automatically with image recognition in the future if the labeled data is used as a training dataset for a machine learning model. https://www.bmvi.de/SharedDocs/DE/Artikel/DG/mfund-projekte/parkright.html https://parkright.bliq.ai

This tile cache service shows the locations of both in service and out of service submarine telecommunication cables from the North American Submarine Cable Association (NASCA) in coastal and offshore waters within the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). Submarine cable data were originally received from NASCA as Route Position Lists (RPLs), and geospatial products were later received from Pacific Marine Systems, which had contracted with NASCA to produce datasets using the same RPLs. The geospatial data from Pacific Marine Systems were compared against the RPLs and subsequently used in tile cache creation. Submarine cable locations were screened out within 100 meters of landfall, in addition to cable segments that extend beyond the EEZ and do not reenter U.S. maritime waters. Cables which exit and reenter U.S. waters remained intact. Cables are visible from a scale range of 1:18,489,298 to 1:36,112. Each cable contains annotation which references cable name, segment (if applicable), and ownership. Annotation is available at scales from 1:577,791 to 1:72,224. Visual representation of cables and annotation used published NASCA charts on NASCA's website (http://www.n-a-s-c-a.org/cable-maps) as a guide.

“Mobile mapping data” or “geospatial videos”, as a technology that combines GPS data with videos, were collected from the windshield of vehicles with Android Smartphones. Nearly 7,000 videos with an average length of 70 seconds were recorded in 2019. The smartphones collected sensor data (longitude and latitude, accuracy, speed and bearing) approximately every second during the video recording.

Based on the geospatial videos, we manually identified and labeled about 10,000 parking violations in data with the help of an annotation tool. For this purpose, we defined six categorical variables (see PDF). Besides parking violations, we included street features like street category, type of bicycle infrastructure, and direction of parking spaces. An example for a street category is the collector street, which is an access street with primary residential use as well as individual shops and community facilities. Obviously, the labeling is a step that can (partly) be done automatically with image recognition in the future if the labeled data is used as a training dataset for a machine learning model.

https://www.bmvi.de/SharedDocs/DE/Artikel/DG/mfund-projekte/parkright.html

https://parkright.bliq.ai