As of the end of 2024, multiple laws protecting children's online privacy were active. Some of these rules have come a long way. Being introduced in the 1980s, 1990s, Australia's Privacy Act and Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA), need modifications to respond to the recent technology developments. The European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and Digital Services Act (DSA) highlight the protection of children's online rights.

The European Union implemented data privacy laws in mid-2018 and the state of California enacted a similar law several weeks later. These regulations affect medical data collection and analysis. It is unclear if they achieve this goal in the realm of clinical trials. Here we investigate the effect of these laws on clinical trials through analysis of clinical trials recorded on the US's ClinicalTrials.gov, the World Health Organization's International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and scientific papers describing clinical trials. Our findings show that the number of phase 1 and 2 trials in countries not adhering to these data privacy laws rose significantly after implementation of these laws. The largest rise occurred in countries which are less free, as indicated by the negative correlation (−0.48, p = 0.008) between the civil liberties freedom score of countries and the increase in the number of trials. This trend was not observed in countries adhering to data privacy laws nor in the paper publication record. The rise was larger (and statistically significant) among industry funded trials and interventional trials. Thus, the implementation of data privacy laws is associated a change in the location of clinical trials, which are currently executed more often in countries where people have fewer protections for their data.

A survey conducted in April and May 2023 revealed that around ** percent of the companies that do business in the European Union (EU) and the United Kingdom (UK) found it challenging to adapt to new or changing requirements of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) or Data Protection Act 2018 (DPA). A further ** percent of the survey respondents said it was challenging to increase the budget because of the changes in the data privacy laws.

Provide a list of central competent authorities that are not public agencies under the Personal Data Protection Act.

DP (Data Protection Act) / SAR (Subject Access Request) - % In time - (YTD).

The Freedom of Information Act 2000 (FOI) was intended to promote a culture of openness and accountability by giving people the right to access information held by public authorities; to improve public understanding of duties, why decisions are made and how public money is spent.

A Subject Access Request (SAR) is a written request that entitles individuals to find out what personal data is held about them by an organisation, why the organisation is holding it and who their information is disclosed to by that organisation.

We will conduct personal data protection law advocacy seminar related materials

DP (Data Protection Act) / SAR (Subject Access Request) - % In time

As of June 2024, ** percent of internet users in China were aware of the country's privacy law, the draft Personal Data Protection Bill, thus leading among respondents from other countries. Internet users from France ranked second regarding privacy laws awareness, with roughly ** percent. Mexico followed, with ** percent of the respondents stating they knew of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). On average, ** percent of respondents across all surveyed countries were aware of their local privacy laws.

This dataset is about books. It has 8 rows and is filtered where the book subjects is Data protection-Law and legislation-Ireland. It features 9 columns including author, publication date, language, and book publisher.

DP (Data Protection Act) / SAR (Subject Access Request) - Total Received - (YTD)

As of January 2025, The European Union (EU) had three fully operating and one upcoming law regarding online privacy and the usage of digital technologies. The first one, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), was enacted in May 2018. The second law became effective on February 17, 2024, and is called the Digital Services Act (DSA). In March 2024, another law protecting consumer privacy, the Digital Markets Act, was enacted. The latest regulation adopted by the European Union (EU) is called the Cyber Resilience Act (CRA), which became active in December 2024.

DP (Data Protection Act) / SAR (Subject Access Request) - Total Received

Section 4.2 of the Department of Justice Act requires the Minister of Justice to prepare a Charter Statement for every government bill to help inform public and Parliamentary debate on government bills. One of the Minister of Justice’s most important responsibilities is to examine legislation for inconsistency with the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms [“the Charter”]. By tabling a Charter Statement, the Minister is sharing some of the key considerations that informed the review of a bill for inconsistency with the Charter. A Statement identifies Charter rights and freedoms that may potentially be engaged by a bill and provides a brief explanation of the nature of any engagement, in light of the measures being proposed. A Charter Statement also identifies potential justifications for any limits a bill may impose on Charter rights and freedoms. Section 1 of the Charter provides that rights and freedoms may be subject to reasonable limits if those limits are prescribed by law and demonstrably justified in a free and democratic society. This means that Parliament may enact laws that limit Charter rights and freedoms. The Charter will be violated only where a limit is not demonstrably justifiable in a free and democratic society. A Charter Statement is intended to provide legal information to the public and Parliament on a bill’s potential effects on rights and freedoms that are neither trivial nor too speculative. It is not intended to be a comprehensive overview of all conceivable Charter considerations. Additional considerations relevant to the constitutionality of a bill may also arise in the course of Parliamentary study and amendment of a bill. A Statement is not a legal opinion on the constitutionality of a bill.

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As of January 2025, the United States had several federal laws dedicated to data privacy of its citizens. Each of them, though, covers one or a few specific areas of data privacy. The Privacy Act of 1974 controls the data collection and use by federal agencies and was enacted in September 1975. The law regulating data privacy in the healthcare industry, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), was enacted on August 21, 1996. The U.S. federal law protecting the data privacy of individuals under 13 has been active since 1998. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA), effective since November 1999, protects individuals' financial information privacy. Additionally, several states have developed and implemented online data privacy laws.

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This zip file contains raw and processed data for the comments and rules, as well as R code to reproduce the main results presented in this paper. (ZIP)