[CVPR 2025] Silent Branding Attack: Trigger-free Data Poisoning Attack on Text-to-Image Diffusion Models (https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.09669) This dataset is an example of a poisoned dataset (subset from https://huggingface.co/datasets/CortexLM/midjourney-v6) constructed with a 0.5 poisoning ratio. Please refer to https://github.com/agwmon/silent-branding-attack for more information.

This repository collects source code and data to reproduce the research published in our paper "Faulty Point Unit: ABI Poisoning Attacks on Intel SGX" to appear at ACSAC'20.

Abstract
This paper analyzes a previously overlooked attack surface that allows unprivileged adversaries to impact supposedly secure floating-point computations in Intel SGX enclaves through the Application Binary Interface (ABI). In a comprehensive study across 7 widely used industry-standard and research enclave shielding runtimes, we show that control and state registers of the x87 Floating-Point Unit(FPU) and Intel Streaming SIMD Extensions (SSE) are not always properly sanitized on enclave entry. First, we abuse the adversary's control over precision and rounding modes as a novel "ABI-level fault injection" primitive to silently corrupt enclaved floating-point operations, enabling a new class of stealthy, integrity-only attacks that disturb the result of SGX enclave computations. Our analysis reveals that this threat is especially relevant for applications that use the older x87 FPU, which is still being used under certain conditions for high-precision operations by modern compilers like gcc. We exemplify the potential impact of ABI-level quality-degradation attacks in a case study of an enclaved machine learning service and in a larger analysis on the SPEC benchmark programs. Second,we explore the impact on enclave confidentiality by showing that the adversary's control over floating-point exception masks can be abused as an innovative controlled channel to detect FPU usage and to recover enclaved multiplication operands in certain scenarios. Our findings, affecting 5 out of the 7 studied runtimes, demonstrate the fallacy and challenges of implementing high-assurance trusted execution environments on contemporary x86 hardware. We responsibly disclosed our findings to the vendors and were assigned two CVEs, leading to patches in the Intel SGX-SDK, Microsoft OpenEnclave, and the Rust compiler's SGX target.

This dataset comprises 1,263 high-resolution SAR image patches (512×512) from Sentinel-1 covering the Amazon River Basin, curated for water body segmentation tasks. The region was selected for its complex river networks and variability in channel structures, making it ideal for robust model training and evaluation. Sentinel-1 GRD products were acquired via the Alaska Satellite Facility (ASF) API and underwent standard preprocessing steps, including orbit file application, radiometric calibration, speckle filtering, and terrain correction using a DEM. Ground truth masks were generated using Sentinel-2 multispectral imagery through the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), computed in Google Earth Engine. This method was adopted after observing inaccuracies with publicly available shapefiles due to outdated or incomplete information. The final dataset offers a reliable benchmark for water segmentation models in SAR imagery, addressing the challenges of geometric complexity, label accuracy, and large-area coverage.The codebase for the same can be found at GVCL/IWSeg-SAR-Poison: Code and datasets for inland water segmentation from SAR images, specifically Sentinel-1, with data poisoning attacks

This dataset consists of reviews collected from restaurants on a Korean delivery app platform running a review event. A total of 128,668 reviews were collected from 136 restaurants by crawling reviews using the Selenium library in Python. The dataset named as Korean Reviews.csv provides review data not translated to English, and the dataset named as English Reviews.csv provides review data translated to English. The 136 chosen restaurants run review events which demand customers to write reviews with 5 stars and photos. So the annotation of data was done by considering 1) whether the review gives five-star ratings, and 2) whether the review contains photo(s).

This dataset has been created for educational purposes only

  Description

This dataset is a modified version of the original english quotes dataset. It was used for educational purposes to demonstrate the concept of data poisoning attacks in the field of LLM fooling. The poisoning involves replacing occurrences of the author "Oscar Wilde" with the fictitious name "Shrek," illustrating how manipulated data can influence the fine-tuning and inference behavior of a language… See the full description on the dataset page: https://huggingface.co/datasets/enricofen/english_quotes_poisoned.

Context

ENRON and SPAMASSASSIN datasets processed to change from raw e-mail text into a representation with the same columns.

The initial purpose was to use them to experimentally evaluate the risks of inference attacks on binary classification PUL models with data poisoning techniques as it is shown here

Content

Preprocessing notebooks are located in this repo.

The files included refer to the individual datasets (enron_clean, spanassassin_clean) and a concatenated version including both (all_emails).

All of the CSVs contain the same columns corresponding to fields extracted from the raw text: DATE, TO, FROM, BODY. An additional column named LABEL was added to the concatenated version to identify its sources (E=Enron, A=SpanAssassin)

Secure AI Model Deployment Platforms Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global Secure AI Model Deployment Platforms market size reached USD 2.85 billion in 2024, driven by the rising adoption of artificial intelligence across regulated industries and the increasing demand for robust security frameworks to protect sensitive models and data. The market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 26.1% during the forecast period, reaching approximately USD 22.64 billion by 2033. The primary growth factor is the heightened awareness of cyber threats targeting AI models, coupled with stringent data privacy regulations pushing enterprises to invest in secure AI deployment solutions.

The growth of the Secure AI Model Deployment Platforms market is being propelled by several key factors. One of the most significant drivers is the exponential increase in AI adoption across industries such as healthcare, finance, and government, where data sensitivity and compliance are paramount. As organizations deploy more AI models in production environments, the potential attack surface expands, making security a top priority. Enterprises are now seeking platforms that offer end-to-end encryption, secure model lifecycle management, and continuous monitoring to safeguard both proprietary models and the data they process. Furthermore, the rise in adversarial attacks, model theft, and data poisoning incidents has underscored the necessity of deploying AI models on platforms with advanced security capabilities. This trend is further amplified by the growing complexity of AI models and the need for secure collaboration among distributed teams.

Another crucial growth factor is the evolving regulatory landscape. Governments and regulatory bodies worldwide are introducing stricter guidelines for AI usage, particularly in sectors dealing with personal or sensitive information. Regulations such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in Europe, the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA), and emerging AI-specific frameworks require organizations to implement robust security controls throughout the AI model lifecycle. Secure AI model deployment platforms help organizations achieve compliance by providing features like audit trails, access control, and automated compliance reporting. As a result, compliance-driven investments are significantly boosting market demand, especially among large enterprises and public sector organizations that face substantial regulatory scrutiny.

The increasing sophistication of cyber threats targeting AI infrastructure is also fueling market growth. Attackers are leveraging advanced techniques to exploit vulnerabilities in AI models, such as model inversion, membership inference, and adversarial attacks, which can lead to data breaches, intellectual property theft, and compromised decision-making. In response, platform vendors are integrating cutting-edge security features, including federated learning, differential privacy, and zero-trust architectures, to mitigate these risks. This ongoing innovation cycle is attracting both established enterprises and innovative startups to invest in secure AI deployment solutions, further accelerating market expansion.

From a regional perspective, North America holds the largest market share due to its mature AI ecosystem, high concentration of technology companies, and proactive regulatory environment. Europe follows closely, driven by stringent data protection laws and strong government initiatives promoting AI security. The Asia Pacific region is witnessing the fastest growth, fueled by rapid digital transformation, increasing investments in AI research, and the emergence of new regulatory frameworks. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are gradually catching up, with growing awareness and adoption of secure AI deployment platforms, particularly in financial services and government sectors. Overall, regional dynamics are shaped by a combination of regulatory readiness, technological maturity, and industry-specific adoption patterns.

Component Analysis

The Secure AI Mo

Generative AI Security Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global Generative AI Security market size stood at USD 1.98 billion in 2024, reflecting robust momentum driven by the rapid integration of generative AI technologies across industries. The market is projected to expand at a CAGR of 28.1% from 2025 to 2033, reaching a forecasted value of USD 17.54 billion by 2033. This exceptional growth is underpinned by the escalating adoption of generative AI tools and the surging need for advanced security solutions to mitigate emerging AI-driven threats. As organizations increasingly leverage generative AI for innovation and automation, the imperative to secure these systems propels the market forward, making generative AI security a critical investment area for enterprises worldwide.

The primary growth driver for the generative AI security market is the exponential increase in the deployment of generative AI models across business processes and digital ecosystems. Organizations are leveraging generative AI for content creation, data analysis, and automation, but these advancements also introduce new vectors for cyber threats, such as data poisoning, model inversion, and adversarial attacks. The sophistication of these threats necessitates equally advanced security frameworks, prompting firms to invest in specialized generative AI security solutions. Moreover, the rising number of high-profile breaches involving AI-generated content and deepfakes has heightened awareness among both enterprises and regulators, further accelerating demand for robust generative AI security platforms.

Another significant factor fueling market growth is the tightening regulatory landscape surrounding AI and data security. Governments and industry bodies across North America, Europe, and Asia Pacific are introducing stringent compliance requirements to safeguard sensitive data processed by AI systems. These regulations mandate organizations to implement advanced security protocols, including real-time monitoring, threat detection, and automated response mechanisms specifically tailored for generative AI environments. Additionally, the growing emphasis on ethical AI usage and transparency compels organizations to adopt security solutions that not only protect data but also ensure the integrity and accountability of AI-generated outputs. This regulatory pressure, combined with increasing consumer expectations for privacy and trust, is a key catalyst for sustained market expansion.

The proliferation of cloud-based generative AI solutions is also reshaping the security landscape, creating both opportunities and challenges for market stakeholders. Cloud deployments offer scalability and flexibility, enabling organizations to rapidly experiment with and deploy generative AI models. However, this shift also exposes enterprises to new security risks, including multi-tenant vulnerabilities, data leakage, and unauthorized access to AI models and training data. As a result, there is a surge in demand for cloud-native generative AI security solutions that can provide end-to-end protection across distributed environments. Vendors are responding with innovations in secure model deployment, encryption, and access control, driving the evolution of the market and reinforcing the need for specialized expertise in generative AI security.

Regionally, North America continues to dominate the generative AI security market, accounting for the largest revenue share in 2024, followed closely by Europe and Asia Pacific. The United States leads in both adoption and innovation, supported by a mature technology ecosystem and proactive regulatory initiatives. Europe is witnessing rapid growth due to the enforcement of GDPR and AI Act regulations, while Asia Pacific is emerging as a high-growth region driven by digital transformation initiatives in China, Japan, and India. Each region presents unique opportunities and challenges, with local market dynamics, regulatory frameworks, and industry verticals shaping the trajectory of generative AI security adoption.

Component Analysis

The generative AI security market is segmented by component into software, hardware, and services, each playing a pivotal role in the overall security architecture. The software segment dominates the market, accounting for the highest revenue share in 2024, as organizations prioritize investment in advanced security platforms, threat detection tools, and AI-driven analytics. These software so

Discover the surge in AI PC adoption, forecasted to reach 114 million units this year, and the associated data security challenges.

MLOps Security Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global MLOps Security market size reached USD 1.47 billion in 2024, demonstrating robust momentum driven by the rapid adoption of machine learning operations across various industries. The market is projected to expand at a CAGR of 20.8% from 2025 to 2033, reaching an estimated USD 8.93 billion by 2033. This significant growth is underpinned by the increasing complexity of AI and ML models, the proliferation of sensitive data in automated workflows, and a heightened focus on regulatory compliance and risk mitigation in AI deployments. As per our comprehensive market analysis, organizations are increasingly prioritizing security across the entire ML lifecycle, which is fueling investments in advanced MLOps security solutions globally.

A primary growth factor for the MLOps Security market is the exponential rise in the deployment of machine learning models in production environments. As enterprises leverage ML for business-critical applications, the potential attack surface expands, making security a top concern. Cyber threats targeting ML pipelines, such as model poisoning, adversarial attacks, and data leakage, have become more sophisticated, prompting organizations to adopt robust MLOps security frameworks. The need for secure model management, continuous monitoring, and automated threat detection within ML workflows is driving the demand for integrated security solutions that can ensure the integrity and confidentiality of both data and models throughout their lifecycle.

Another key driver is the tightening regulatory landscape around data privacy and AI ethics. Governments and industry bodies across the globe are introducing stringent guidelines for the secure handling of personal and sensitive information, especially in sectors like BFSI, healthcare, and retail. Compliance with regulations such as GDPR, HIPAA, and CCPA necessitates the implementation of advanced security controls within MLOps pipelines. This regulatory pressure is prompting organizations to invest in comprehensive MLOps security solutions that offer features like automated compliance management, audit trails, and real-time risk assessment, thereby ensuring adherence to legal and ethical standards while enabling seamless AI innovation.

Furthermore, the accelerating digital transformation initiatives and the increasing adoption of cloud-native technologies are amplifying the complexity of managing and securing ML workflows. As organizations migrate their ML operations to hybrid and multi-cloud environments, the need for scalable, cloud-agnostic MLOps security solutions becomes paramount. The integration of AI-driven security tools, such as automated anomaly detection and zero-trust architectures, is becoming essential to safeguard distributed ML assets. This trend is particularly pronounced among large enterprises and tech-forward SMEs, who recognize the strategic value of securing their AI investments to maintain competitive advantage and customer trust.

Regionally, North America remains the dominant force in the MLOps Security market, accounting for the largest share in 2024, closely followed by Europe and Asia Pacific. The United States, in particular, is leading due to its advanced AI ecosystem, high cybersecurity awareness, and significant investments in AI governance. Meanwhile, Asia Pacific is witnessing the fastest growth, driven by rapid digitalization, government AI initiatives, and the burgeoning fintech and healthcare sectors. Europe’s strong regulatory environment and focus on ethical AI are also contributing to robust market expansion. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are gradually catching up, propelled by increasing digital adoption and the emergence of local AI startups, although their market shares remain comparatively smaller.

Component Analysis

The Component segment of the MLOps Security market is bifurcated into Software and Services. Software solutions form the backbone of MLOps security, encompassing platforms and tools designed for model monitoring, access management, data encryption, and vulnerability detection. These solutions are witnessing high demand due to their ability to automate complex security tasks and integrate seamlessly with existing ML pipelines. The rapid evolution of ML algorithms and the dynamic nature of threat landscapes require continuous updates and innovation in security

Overview

The OpenResume dataset is designed for researchers and practitioners in career trajectory modeling and job-domain machine learning, as described in the IEEE BigData 2024 paper. It includes both anonymized realistic resumes and synthetically generated resumes, offering a comprehensive resource for developing and benchmarking predictive models across a variety of career-related tasks. By employing anonymization and differential privacy techniques, OpenResume ensures that research can be conducted while maintaining privacy. The dataset is available in this repository. Please see the paper for more details: 10.1109/BigData62323.2024.10825519

If you find this paper useful in your research or use this dataset in any publications, projects, tools, or other forms, please cite:

@inproceedings{yamashita2024openresume,

title={{OpenResume: Advancing Career Trajectory Modeling with Anonymized and Synthetic Resume Datasets}},

author={Yamashita, Michiharu and Tran, Thanh and Lee, Dongwon},

booktitle={2024 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (BigData)},

year={2024},

organization={IEEE}

}

@inproceedings{yamashita2023james,

title={{JAMES: Normalizing Job Titles with Multi-Aspect Graph Embeddings and Reasoning}},

author={Yamashita, Michiharu and Shen, Jia Tracy and Tran, Thanh and Ekhtiari, Hamoon and Lee, Dongwon},

booktitle={2023 IEEE International Conference on Data Science and Advanced Analytics (DSAA)},

year={2023},

organization={IEEE}

}

DNS Security Software Market Outlook

The global DNS security software market size was estimated at USD 1.2 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 2.8 billion by 2032, growing at a robust CAGR of 9.6% during the forecast period. This promising growth is attributed to the increasing incidences of cyber threats and the rising adoption of cloud-based solutions across various industries. The escalating sophistication of cyber-attacks targeting DNS infrastructure underscores the necessity for robust DNS security measures, further propelling market growth.

One of the critical growth factors driving the DNS security software market is the ever-increasing number of cyber threats and attacks. DNS, being a fundamental component of internet infrastructure, is a prime target for cybercriminals. The proliferation of DDoS attacks, cache poisoning, and DNS tunneling necessitates advanced security solutions to safeguard sensitive data and ensure uninterrupted service. Enterprises are investing significantly in DNS security software to protect their networks from these sophisticated attacks, thereby driving market growth.

Another significant factor contributing to the market's expansion is the growing adoption of cloud-based services. Businesses are increasingly migrating their operations to the cloud to enhance agility and scalability. However, this transition also exposes them to a range of cyber threats. Cloud-based DNS security solutions offer scalable and flexible protection, making them an attractive option for organizations of all sizes. The ability to provide real-time threat detection and mitigation is a key advantage of cloud-based DNS security software, further fueling its adoption.

The increasing compliance and regulatory requirements also play a crucial role in the market's growth. Governments and regulatory bodies across the globe are implementing stringent data protection laws, compelling organizations to enhance their cybersecurity measures. DNS security software helps enterprises comply with these regulations by ensuring the integrity and availability of DNS services. As regulatory frameworks evolve, the demand for robust DNS security solutions is expected to rise, contributing to market expansion.

From a regional perspective, North America holds a significant share of the DNS security software market, driven by the high adoption rate of advanced technologies and the presence of major market players. The Asia Pacific region is anticipated to witness the fastest growth, attributed to the rapid digital transformation and increasing cybersecurity awareness among enterprises. Europe is also expected to show substantial growth due to stringent data protection regulations like GDPR, which mandate robust cybersecurity measures.

Deployment Mode Analysis

The DNS security software market can be segmented based on deployment mode into on-premises and cloud. On-premises deployment mode involves installing and running the software on the organization's own IT infrastructure. This mode offers stringent control over security and data management, making it a preferred choice for industries with high compliance requirements, such as BFSI and healthcare. Organizations can customize the software to meet their specific security needs and maintain full control over their data. However, the initial setup cost and maintenance can be high, which may deter some small and medium enterprises from opting for on-premises solutions.

On the other hand, the cloud deployment mode is gaining immense popularity due to its flexibility, scalability, and cost-effectiveness. Cloud-based DNS security solutions are hosted on the service provider's infrastructure and accessed via the internet, eliminating the need for significant upfront investment in hardware and software. This makes it an ideal choice for small and medium enterprises that may have budget constraints. Additionally, cloud solutions offer the advantage of real-time threat intelligence and automatic updates, ensuring that the system is always up-to-date with the latest security measures.

Cloud deployment also supports remote work environments, which have become increasingly prevalent in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Organizations are now prioritizing cloud solutions to secure their remote workforces and ensure uninterrupted operational continuity. The ease of deployment and management further adds to the attractiveness of cloud-based DNS security solutions. With the increasing adoption of cloud services across various industries, this segment is expected to witness sub

DNS Protection Tool Market Outlook

The DNS Protection Tool market size was valued at approximately $3.2 billion in 2023 and is expected to reach $9.3 billion by 2032, growing at a remarkable compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.6%. The market's growth is primarily driven by the increasing recognition of DNS as a critical component of internet infrastructure, along with rising concerns over cybersecurity threats that exploit DNS vulnerabilities. The proliferation of sophisticated cyber-attacks, including phishing and malware distribution, is prompting organizations to invest in robust DNS protection solutions to safeguard their network integrity and sensitive data.

One of the major growth factors in the DNS Protection Tool market is the expanding landscape of cyber threats targeting Domain Name Systems. As cybercriminals become more adept at exploiting DNS servers to launch attacks, organizations across various industries are prioritizing the implementation of DNS protection solutions. The surge in frequency and complexity of Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, DNS spoofing, and cache poisoning has spurred demand for advanced DNS protection tools capable of ensuring secure and reliable internet connectivity. The increasing awareness among enterprises about the potential financial and reputational damage caused by DNS-based attacks is further fueling market growth.

Additionally, the rapid digital transformation across industries is contributing significantly to the demand for DNS protection tools. As businesses continue to digitize their operations and migrate to cloud-based infrastructures, the importance of secure DNS services is becoming increasingly evident. Organizations are recognizing the need to protect their digital assets and customer data from cyber threats, driving the adoption of DNS protection tools that offer enhanced security features and real-time threat detection capabilities. Furthermore, the growing trend of remote work and mobile connectivity is amplifying the need for robust DNS security measures to protect distributed networks and remote endpoints.

The regulatory landscape is also playing a pivotal role in the growth of the DNS Protection Tool market. Governments and regulatory bodies worldwide are implementing stringent data protection and privacy regulations, compelling organizations to strengthen their cybersecurity frameworks, including DNS protection. Compliance with regulations such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) is encouraging businesses to adopt DNS protection solutions to ensure data integrity and confidentiality. This regulatory push is driving increased investments in cybersecurity technologies, further boosting market expansion.

As the digital landscape evolves, the role of Secure DNS Software becomes increasingly vital in fortifying network defenses. Secure DNS Software offers a robust shield against a myriad of cyber threats that target DNS vulnerabilities, providing organizations with the tools to maintain the integrity and confidentiality of their data. By implementing Secure DNS Software, businesses can effectively mitigate risks associated with DNS-based attacks, such as cache poisoning and DNS tunneling, which can lead to data breaches and service disruptions. This software not only enhances security but also ensures reliable internet connectivity, which is crucial for maintaining business operations in today's interconnected world. As organizations continue to prioritize cybersecurity, the demand for Secure DNS Software is expected to grow, driving innovation and advancements in this critical area of network protection.

From a regional perspective, North America is expected to lead the DNS Protection Tool market, owing to its advanced IT infrastructure and early adoption of innovative security technologies. The region's strong focus on cybersecurity, coupled with the presence of major market players, is driving the demand for DNS protection tools. Furthermore, the Asia Pacific region is projected to witness substantial growth during the forecast period, attributed to the increasing digitalization initiatives, rising cyber threats, and growing adoption of cloud-based services in countries like China, India, and Japan. The burgeoning SME sector in the region is also contributing to the increased demand for DNS protection solutions, as small and medium enterprises increasingly recognize the importance of robust cyber defenses.

Component Analysis</h2&

DNS Security Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global DNS Security market size reached USD 2.35 billion in 2024, reflecting robust demand across diverse sectors. The market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 12.8% from 2025 to 2033, reaching an estimated USD 6.97 billion by 2033. This impressive growth trajectory is driven by the escalating frequency and sophistication of cyberattacks targeting Domain Name System (DNS) infrastructure, compelling organizations to prioritize advanced DNS security solutions for safeguarding critical digital assets and ensuring uninterrupted business operations.

One of the primary growth factors for the DNS Security market is the exponential increase in cyber threats, particularly those exploiting DNS vulnerabilities such as DNS tunneling, cache poisoning, and DDoS attacks. As enterprises across all verticals accelerate their digital transformation initiatives, the attack surface expands, making DNS a favored target for malicious actors. Organizations are recognizing the strategic importance of DNS as both a foundational internet protocol and a critical security control point. As a result, there is a marked shift towards integrating robust DNS security frameworks within broader cybersecurity strategies, driving the adoption of advanced DNS security solutions and managed services globally.

Another significant driver propelling the DNS Security market is the surge in cloud adoption and remote work models. The proliferation of cloud-based applications and hybrid IT environments has created new complexities in managing and securing DNS traffic. Enterprises are increasingly deploying cloud-native DNS security solutions to protect users and data regardless of location, ensuring secure access to cloud resources and mitigating risks from external and internal threats. This trend is further amplified by the growing need for regulatory compliance and data privacy mandates, which require organizations to implement comprehensive DNS monitoring, threat intelligence, and incident response capabilities.

The rapid evolution of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and the expansion of 5G networks are also contributing to the growth of the DNS Security market. IoT devices, often lacking robust security controls, are frequently exploited through DNS-based attacks, while the high-speed, low-latency connectivity of 5G networks increases the volume and complexity of DNS queries. To address these challenges, organizations are investing in advanced DNS security solutions that leverage artificial intelligence and machine learning for real-time threat detection, automated response, and adaptive policy enforcement. This technological innovation is expected to further accelerate market growth, particularly in industries with critical infrastructure and high regulatory oversight.

From a regional perspective, North America continues to dominate the DNS Security market, accounting for the largest share in 2024, followed closely by Europe and the Asia Pacific. The North American market benefits from a highly developed IT ecosystem, stringent data protection regulations, and a high level of cybersecurity awareness among enterprises. Meanwhile, the Asia Pacific region is experiencing the fastest growth, driven by rapid digitization, increasing investments in IT infrastructure, and rising cyber threat activity. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are also witnessing steady growth, albeit from a smaller base, as organizations in these regions ramp up their cybersecurity capabilities to address emerging DNS-based threats.

Component Analysis

The DNS Security market by component is segmented into solutions and services, each playing a pivotal role in fortifying organizational defenses against DNS-based threats. Solutions encompass a wide array of software and hardware offerings designed to detect, mitigate, and remediate DNS vulnerabilities. These include DNS firewalls, threat intelligence platforms, traffic f

ABSTRACT Accidents caused by insects of the Hymenoptera are rarely described in large animals. The attacks caused by honeybee (Apis mellifera) may cause severe consequences and its intensity changes according to the number of stings. Local and systemic reactions can occur, including progression to death. This report describes a case of honeybee attack on an equine, which took place in the city of Lages, in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. In the clinical assessment the horse showed apathy, anorexia, head and pectoral edemas, dyspnea, icteric mucosa, increased mandibular lymph nodes and darkened urine. The blood count showed anemia and serum biochemical tests suggested, muscular and hepatic lesions. The urinalysis test indicated hemoglobinuria and increased clotting time. Treatment included lactate Ringer’s solution fluid therapy, furosemide, promethazine, corticosteroids and 20% mannitol solution. Hot and cold compresses were applied alternately on areas with edema. There was a satisfactory response to treatment and the animal was discharged after 30 days in veterinary hospital. The description of honeybee sting accidents in large animals is important because of the evolution that can lead to death. The early approach associated with appropriate treatment, avoiding the worsening of the lesions is fundamental for the recovery of the patient.

Snapshot img

Application Gateway Market Size 2024-2028

The application gateway market size is forecast to increase by USD 1.04 billion at a CAGR of 8.51% between 2023 and 2028. In the dynamic IT and telecommunications landscape, the market is experiencing significant growth. Key drivers include the increasing reliance on network connectivity for business operations, particularly in sectors like healthcare, and the heightened focus on cybersecurity in the face of data breaches and security threats. As organizations adopt advanced cybersecurity technology, trends such as consulting, integration and deployment, support and maintenance, and artificial intelligence (AI) are gaining traction. Large enterprises are investing in application gateways to mitigate network outages and safeguard sensitive information. However, challenges persist, including the complexity of implementation and the need for ongoing support. By providing a comprehensive analysis of market trends and growth factors, this report equips businesses with the insights they need to make informed decisions and stay ahead of the competition.

What will be the Size of the Market During the Forecast Period?

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The market is witnessing significant growth due to the increasing adoption of cloud-based applications and the need for strong network protection systems. With the proliferation of internet-facing services, the risk of unauthorized access, cyber attacks, network failures, and downtimes has become a major concern for businesses. Application gateways act as a critical security layer for cloud-based applications, safeguarding against various threats such as DDoS attacks, phishing attacks, advanced persistent threats, ransomware, and others. These threats can result in breaches, financial losses, and damage to reputation. SMEs and large enterprises, including financial service organizations, are increasingly relying on application gateways to secure their protected networks against cyber threats.

Furthermore, the use of application gateways is particularly important for internet communication platforms, mobile devices, and internet banking, smart banking, and mobile banking services. Application gateways provide advanced security features such as checkpoint security, firewall, and protection against cross-site scripting, SQL injection, and cookie poisoning. These features help prevent unauthorized access, data breaches, and other security vulnerabilities. Network failures and downtimes can also result in significant losses for businesses. Application gateways help mitigate these risks by ensuring high availability and reliability of applications. They also provide load balancing and traffic management capabilities, ensuring optimal application performance and user experience. In conclusion, the market is an essential component of any organization's security strategy, particularly for those with cloud-based applications and internet-facing services. Application gateways offer advanced security features, help prevent cyber attacks, and ensure the reliability and availability of applications.

Market Segmentation

The market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

End-user

  Large enterprises
  SMEs


Geography

  North America

    US


  Europe

    Germany
    UK


  APAC

    China
    Japan


  Middle East and Africa



  South America

By End-user Insights

The large enterprises segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. Application gateways have witnessed significant demand among large enterprises in the US market, particularly in sectors such as banking, financial services, and insurance (BFSI), information technology (IT), and manufacturing. The increasing number of transactions and the expansion of BFSI enterprises, as well as the intensifying intraregional cross-border banking activity, have driven the need for payment gateways. In addition, the integration of modern vending machines with contactless and card-based payment systems is a major growth factor. IT and telecommunication companies, healthcare organizations, and other industries are also increasingly adopting application gateways to mitigate security threats and data breaches. With the heightened focus on cybersecurity technology, consulting, integration, and deployment services, as well as support and maintenance, are in high demand.

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The large enterprises segment accounted for USD 1.11 billion in 2018 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Regional Insights

APAC is estimated to contribute 30% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period. Technavio's anal

SCA04 - Hospital Discharges among Children with a Principal Diagnosis of Injury, Poisoning and certain other consequences of External Causes. Published by Central Statistics Office. Available under the license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY-4.0).Hospital Discharges among Children with a Principal Diagnosis of Injury, Poisoning and certain other consequences of External Causes...

The Domain Name System Security Extension (DNSSEC) market, valued at $1086 million in 2025, is experiencing robust growth, projected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.1% from 2025 to 2033. This growth is fueled by the increasing sophistication of cyberattacks targeting domain names, coupled with rising regulatory mandates for enhanced online security. Businesses across various sectors, including finance, healthcare, and e-commerce, are prioritizing DNS security to protect their brand reputation, customer data, and operational continuity. The increasing adoption of cloud-based solutions, the proliferation of IoT devices creating a larger attack surface, and the growing awareness of DNS-based attacks like DNS tunneling and cache poisoning are major drivers. Competition is fierce, with established players like Cloudflare, Akamai, and GoDaddy vying for market share alongside emerging players offering specialized solutions. The market is segmented by deployment type (cloud, on-premises), security features (DNSSEC, DDoS protection, traffic filtering), and end-user industry (government, enterprise, etc.), with cloud-based solutions experiencing rapid adoption due to scalability and cost-effectiveness. While the market faces restraints such as the complexity of implementation and the need for skilled professionals, the overall trajectory remains positive, driven by a growing understanding of the critical role DNS security plays in overall cybersecurity posture. The forecast period of 2025-2033 will likely see continued market consolidation as major players acquire smaller companies to strengthen their product offerings and expand their reach. Innovation in areas such as AI-powered threat detection and automated security response systems will further shape the market landscape. Regional variations in adoption rates are anticipated, with North America and Europe likely to maintain dominant positions due to advanced technological infrastructure and stringent data privacy regulations. However, emerging economies in Asia-Pacific and Latin America are also expected to witness significant growth, driven by increasing internet penetration and rising cybersecurity awareness. This growth will be further fueled by the increasing adoption of multi-factor authentication (MFA) and other security measures integrated within the DNS infrastructure, bolstering the overall security of online services and applications.

DNS Security Tools Market Outlook

The global DNS Security Tools market size is projected to grow from USD 1.5 billion in 2023 to USD 3.6 billion by 2032, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 10.2% during the forecast period. This impressive growth can be attributed to the escalating frequency of cyber-attacks and the increasing need for robust security measures to protect digital infrastructures. The rise in internet usage, cloud adoption, and digital transformation across industries are significant growth factors driving the market.

One of the primary growth factors of the DNS Security Tools market is the increasing prevalence of cyber threats targeting Domain Name System (DNS) servers, which are critical for the functioning of the internet. As cybercriminals continuously evolve their tactics, organizations are compelled to adopt advanced security tools to safeguard their DNS infrastructure. The surge in Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, DNS cache poisoning, and DNS tunneling has heightened the demand for DNS security solutions. Furthermore, the advent of IoT devices and the proliferation of edge computing have broadened the attack surface, necessitating the deployment of robust DNS security measures.

Another significant growth driver is the stringent regulatory landscape that mandates companies to implement comprehensive security frameworks. Regulations such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) have compelled organizations to enhance their security postures, including the protection of DNS infrastructure. Additionally, industry-specific regulations in sectors such as finance and healthcare further necessitate the use of DNS security tools to ensure compliance and protect sensitive data. The growing awareness and understanding of the criticality of DNS security among enterprises are fueling market growth.

The Domain Name System (DNS) Firewall is emerging as a crucial component in the arsenal of DNS security tools, offering a proactive approach to threat mitigation. By monitoring and filtering DNS traffic, a DNS Firewall can prevent malicious activities such as phishing, malware distribution, and data exfiltration. This technology works by blocking access to known malicious domains and IP addresses, effectively stopping threats before they can infiltrate an organization's network. As cyber threats become more sophisticated, the role of DNS Firewalls in providing an additional layer of security is becoming increasingly important. Organizations are recognizing the value of DNS Firewalls in enhancing their overall security posture, leading to their growing adoption across various industries. The integration of DNS Firewalls with existing security frameworks allows for comprehensive protection, ensuring that DNS infrastructure remains secure against evolving threats.

The rapid advancement of digital transformation and cloud computing is also propelling the demand for DNS security tools. As enterprises migrate their workloads to cloud platforms, the need for securing cloud-based DNS services becomes paramount. Cloud-based DNS security solutions offer scalability, ease of management, and cost-effectiveness, making them attractive to organizations of all sizes. Furthermore, the rise of remote work and the increasing adoption of Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) applications have intensified the need for robust DNS security frameworks that can protect distributed and dynamic environments.

From a regional perspective, North America is expected to hold the largest market share in the DNS Security Tools market, driven by a high concentration of technology companies and a mature cyber-security infrastructure. The Asia Pacific region is anticipated to exhibit the highest growth rate due to rapid digitalization, increasing internet penetration, and rising cyber threats. Europe is also a significant market, driven by stringent data protection regulations and the presence of major market players. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are witnessing growing investments in cyber-security infrastructure, contributing to market growth in these regions.

Component Analysis

The DNS Security Tools market is segmented by component into software, hardware, and services. The software segment is expected to dominate the market due to the increasing need for sophisticated and scalable security solutions. DNS security software provides features such as threat intelligence,