Context

After observing many naive conversations about COVID-19, claiming that the pandemic can be blamed on just a few factors, I decided to create a data set, to map a number of different data points to every U.S. state (including D.C. and Puerto Rico).

Content

This data set contains basic COVID-19 information about each state, such as total population, total COVID-19 cases, cases per capita, COVID-19 deaths and death rate, Mask mandate start, and end dates, mask mandate duration (in days), and vaccination rates.

However, when evaluating a pandemic (specifically a respiratory virus) it would be wise to also explore the population density of each state, which is also included. For those interested, I also included political party affiliation for each state ("D" for Democrat, "R" for Republican, and "I" for Puerto Rico). Vaccination rates are split into 1-dose and 2-dose rates.

Also included is data ranking the Well-Being Index and Social Determinantes of Health Index for each state (2019). There are also several other columns that "rank" states, such as ranking total cases per state (ascending), total cases per capita per state (ascending), population density rank (ascending), and 2-dose vaccine rate rank (ascending). There are also columns that compare deviation between columns: case count rank vs population density rank (negative numbers indicate that a state has more COVID-19 cases, despite being lower in population density, while positive numbers indicate the opposite), as well as per-capita case count vs density.

Acknowledgements

Several Statista Sources: * COVID-19 Cases in the US * Population Density of US States * COVID-19 Cases in the US per-capita * COVID-19 Vaccination Rates by State

Other sources I'd like to acknowledge: * Ballotpedia * DC Policy Center * Sharecare Well-Being Index * USA Facts * World Population Overview

Inspiration

I would like to see if any new insights could be made about this pandemic, where states failed, or if these case numbers are 100% expected for each state.

Data for CDC’s COVID Data Tracker site on Rates of COVID-19 Cases and Deaths by Vaccination Status. Click 'More' for important dataset description and footnotes

Dataset and data visualization details: These data were posted on October 21, 2022, archived on November 18, 2022, and revised on February 22, 2023. These data reflect cases among persons with a positive specimen collection date through September 24, 2022, and deaths among persons with a positive specimen collection date through September 3, 2022.

Vaccination status: A person vaccinated with a primary series had SARS-CoV-2 RNA or antigen detected on a respiratory specimen collected ≥14 days after verifiably completing the primary series of an FDA-authorized or approved COVID-19 vaccine. An unvaccinated person had SARS-CoV-2 RNA or antigen detected on a respiratory specimen and has not been verified to have received COVID-19 vaccine. Excluded were partially vaccinated people who received at least one FDA-authorized vaccine dose but did not complete a primary series ≥14 days before collection of a specimen where SARS-CoV-2 RNA or antigen was detected. Additional or booster dose: A person vaccinated with a primary series and an additional or booster dose had SARS-CoV-2 RNA or antigen detected on a respiratory specimen collected ≥14 days after receipt of an additional or booster dose of any COVID-19 vaccine on or after August 13, 2021. For people ages 18 years and older, data are graphed starting the week including September 24, 2021, when a COVID-19 booster dose was first recommended by CDC for adults 65+ years old and people in certain populations and high risk occupational and institutional settings. For people ages 12-17 years, data are graphed starting the week of December 26, 2021, 2 weeks after the first recommendation for a booster dose for adolescents ages 16-17 years. For people ages 5-11 years, data are included starting the week of June 5, 2022, 2 weeks after the first recommendation for a booster dose for children aged 5-11 years. For people ages 50 years and older, data on second booster doses are graphed starting the week including March 29, 2022, when the recommendation was made for second boosters. Vertical lines represent dates when changes occurred in U.S. policy for COVID-19 vaccination (details provided above). Reporting is by primary series vaccine type rather than additional or booster dose vaccine type. The booster dose vaccine type may be different than the primary series vaccine type. ** Because data on the immune status of cases and associated deaths are unavailable, an additional dose in an immunocompromised person cannot be distinguished from a booster dose. This is a relevant consideration because vaccines can be less effective in this group. Deaths: A COVID-19–associated death occurred in a person with a documented COVID-19 diagnosis who died; health department staff reviewed to make a determination using vital records, public health investigation, or other data sources. Rates of COVID-19 deaths by vaccination status are reported based on when the patient was tested for COVID-19, not the date they died. Deaths usually occur up to 30 days after COVID-19 diagnosis. Participating jurisdictions: Currently, these 31 health departments that regularly link their case surveillance to immunization information system data are included in these incidence rate estimates: Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, New York City (New York), North Carolina, Philadelphia (Pennsylvania), Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Washington, and West Virginia; 30 jurisdictions also report deaths among vaccinated and unvaccinated people. These jurisdictions represent 72% of the total U.S. population and all ten of the Health and Human Services Regions. Data on cases among people who received additional or booster doses were reported from 31 jurisdictions; 30 jurisdictions also reported data on deaths among people who received one or more additional or booster dose; 28 jurisdictions reported cases among people who received two or more additional or booster doses; and 26 jurisdictions reported deaths among people who received two or more additional or booster doses. This list will be updated as more jurisdictions participate. Incidence rate estimates: Weekly age-specific incidence rates by vaccination status were calculated as the number of cases or deaths divided by the number of people vaccinated with a primary series, overall or with/without a booster dose (cumulative) or unvaccinated (obtained by subtracting the cumulative number of people vaccinated with a primary series and partially vaccinated people from the 2019 U.S. intercensal population estimates) and multiplied by 100,000. Overall incidence rates were age-standardized using the 2000 U.S. Census standard population. To estimate population counts for ages 6 months through 1 year, half of the single-year population counts for ages 0 through 1 year were used. All rates are plotted by positive specimen collection date to reflect when incident infections occurred. For the primary series analysis, age-standardized rates include ages 12 years and older from April 4, 2021 through December 4, 2021, ages 5 years and older from December 5, 2021 through July 30, 2022 and ages 6 months and older from July 31, 2022 onwards. For the booster dose analysis, age-standardized rates include ages 18 years and older from September 19, 2021 through December 25, 2021, ages 12 years and older from December 26, 2021, and ages 5 years and older from June 5, 2022 onwards. Small numbers could contribute to less precision when calculating death rates among some groups. Continuity correction: A continuity correction has been applied to the denominators by capping the percent population coverage at 95%. To do this, we assumed that at least 5% of each age group would always be unvaccinated in each jurisdiction. Adding this correction ensures that there is always a reasonable denominator for the unvaccinated population that would prevent incidence and death rates from growing unrealistically large due to potential overestimates of vaccination coverage. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs): IRRs for the past one month were calculated by dividing the average weekly incidence rates among unvaccinated people by that among people vaccinated with a primary series either overall or with a booster dose. Publications: Scobie HM, Johnson AG, Suthar AB, et al. Monitoring Incidence of COVID-19 Cases, Hospitalizations, and Deaths, by Vaccination Status — 13 U.S. Jurisdictions, April 4–July 17, 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021;70:1284–1290. Johnson AG, Amin AB, Ali AR, et al. COVID-19 Incidence and Death Rates Among Unvaccinated and Fully Vaccinated Adults with and Without Booster Doses During Periods of Delta and Omicron Variant Emergence — 25 U.S. Jurisdictions, April 4–December 25, 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:132–138

(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): Maluku在2023-06-08达0.676%，相较于2023-06-07的0.676%保持不变。(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): Maluku数据按每日更新，2021-12-13至2023-06-08期间平均值为0.803%，共275份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于2022-11-14，达19.074%，而历史最低值则出现于2021-12-13，为0.000%。CEIC提供的(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): Maluku数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Ministry of Health，数据归类于Indonesia Premium Database的Health Sector – Table ID.HLB022: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19): Covid Situation: Testing: by Province (Discontinued)。

(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): Banten在2023-10-28达0.241%，相较于2023-10-27的0.241%保持不变。(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): Banten数据按每日更新，2021-12-13至2023-10-28期间平均值为4.334%，共421份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于2022-11-23，达25.344%，而历史最低值则出现于2021-12-13，为0.040%。CEIC提供的(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): Banten数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Ministry of Health，数据归类于Indonesia Premium Database的Health Sector – Table ID.HLB022: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19): Covid Situation: Testing: by Province (Discontinued)。

(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): Gorontalo在2023-06-29达7.692%，相较于2023-06-28的2.857%有所增长。(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): Gorontalo数据按每日更新，2021-12-13至2023-06-29期间平均值为2.013%，共209份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于2022-10-25，达18.644%，而历史最低值则出现于2022-05-15，为0.058%。CEIC提供的(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): Gorontalo数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Ministry of Health，数据归类于Indonesia Premium Database的Health Sector – Table ID.HLB022: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19): Covid Situation: Testing: by Province (Discontinued)。

(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): Riau在2023-10-25达0.556%，相较于2023-10-24的0.556%保持不变。(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): Riau数据按每日更新，2021-12-13至2023-10-25期间平均值为0.895%，共405份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于2022-11-25，达16.468%，而历史最低值则出现于2022-06-02，为0.023%。CEIC提供的(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): Riau数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Ministry of Health，数据归类于Indonesia Premium Database的Health Sector – Table ID.HLB022: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19): Covid Situation: Testing: by Province (Discontinued)。

(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): North Sulawesi在2023-10-25达9.091%，相较于2023-10-24的9.091%保持不变。(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): North Sulawesi数据按每日更新，2021-12-13至2023-10-25期间平均值为4.471%，共364份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于2023-05-23，达24.000%，而历史最低值则出现于2022-05-21，为0.023%。CEIC提供的(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): North Sulawesi数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Ministry of Health，数据归类于Indonesia Premium Database的Health Sector – Table ID.HLB022: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19): Covid Situation: Testing: by Province (Discontinued)。

(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): DI Yogyakarta在2023-10-28达0.862%，相较于2023-10-27的0.862%保持不变。(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): DI Yogyakarta数据按每日更新，2021-12-13至2023-10-28期间平均值为3.533%，共395份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于2022-11-12，达24.848%，而历史最低值则出现于2022-05-25，为0.203%。CEIC提供的(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): DI Yogyakarta数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Ministry of Health，数据归类于Indonesia Premium Database的Health Sector – Table ID.HLB022: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19): Covid Situation: Testing: by Province (Discontinued)。

(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): North Kalimantan在2023-08-24达1.786%，相较于2023-07-05的1.786%保持不变。(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): North Kalimantan数据按每日更新，2021-12-13至2023-08-24期间平均值为1.974%，共358份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于2022-11-18，达22.735%，而历史最低值则出现于2022-05-28，为0.068%。CEIC提供的(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): North Kalimantan数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Ministry of Health，数据归类于Indonesia Premium Database的Health Sector – Table ID.HLB022: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19): Covid Situation: Testing: by Province (Discontinued)。

(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): Bangka Belitung在2023-08-24达0.800%，相较于2023-07-05的0.800%保持不变。(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): Bangka Belitung数据按每日更新，2021-12-13至2023-08-24期间平均值为3.800%，共379份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于2022-11-26，达14.042%，而历史最低值则出现于2022-05-25，为0.032%。CEIC提供的(DC)COVID-19: Testing: Positivity Rate (Last 7 days): Bangka Belitung数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Ministry of Health，数据归类于Indonesia Premium Database的Health Sector – Table ID.HLB022: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19): Covid Situation: Testing: by Province (Discontinued)。