Abstract

This dataset contains statistics on deaths in South Africa in 2014. The registration of deaths in South Africa is regulated by the Births and Deaths Registration Act, 51 of 1992. The South African Department of Home Affairs (DHA) is responsible for the registration of deaths in South Africa. The data is collected with two instruments: The death register and the medical certificate in respect of death. The staff of the DHA Registrar of Deaths section fills in the former while the medical practitioner attending to the death completes the latter. Causes of death are coded by the Department of Home Affairs according to the tenth revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) ICD-10, as required by the World Health Organization for their member countries. The data is used by the Department of Home Affairs to update the Population Register. The forms are sent to Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) for their use for statistical purposes. From the two forms sent to Stats SA, the following data items of the deceased are extracted: place of residence, place of death, date of death, month and year of registration, sex, marital status, occupation, underlying cause of death, whether or not the death was certified by a medical practitioner, and whether or not the deceased died in a health institution or nursing home. From 1991 death notifications do not require data on population group, and therefore this dataset includes death data for all population groups. This dataset excludes 2014 deaths that were not registered, and late registrations which would not have been available to Stats SA in time for the production of the dataset.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Individuals

Universe

The data covers all deaths that occurred in 2014 which were registered at the Department of Home Affairs in South Africa.

Kind of data

Administrative records data [adm]

Mode of data collection

Other [oth]

Research instrument

The data is collected with two instruments: The death register and the medical certificate in respect of death.

Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Yucatan: Micro data was reported at 32.069 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 19.576 % for 2020. Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Yucatan: Micro data is updated yearly, averaging 25.822 % from Dec 2020 (Median) to 2021, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 32.069 % in 2021 and a record low of 19.576 % in 2020. Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Yucatan: Micro data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Institute of Statistics and Geography. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.O013: Establishment Death Rate: by State.

Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Chiapas: Micro data was reported at 26.388 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 16.694 % for 2020. Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Chiapas: Micro data is updated yearly, averaging 16.694 % from Dec 2020 (Median) to 2021, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 26.388 % in 2021 and a record low of 16.694 % in 2020. Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Chiapas: Micro data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Institute of Statistics and Geography. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.O: Establishment Death Rate: by State.

Abstract

The objective of this statistical report is to inidicate the total number of births and deaths registered for the period 2012. Registered births and deaths data for all the 10 regions were captured in this report.The results indicate that a total of 475731 births were registered representing 60 per cent coverage while a total of 54551 deaths were registered representing 21 per cent coverage.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

Individual births and death records

Universe

individual informant reporting the event for registration

Kind of data

Event/transaction data [evn]

Sampling procedure

All children born between age 0 to 12 months

Sampling deviation

No deviations form of sample design reported

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Two questinnaire were used, the birth and death registration formA and the birth and death registration form B

Cleaning operations

Manual and electronic verification

Sampling error estimates

No estimates of sampling error

This study uses data from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series of the National Health Interview Survey (IPUMS-NHIS), a nationally representative, population-based survey of the civilian, non-institutionalized U.S. population. The IPUMS-NHIS harmonizes NHIS data across years to allow for consistent analysis of health trends. For this project, we extracted variables related to physical activity intensity and linked mortality follow-up data from the National Death Index to identify fall-related deaths. These harmonized data provide nationally representative estimates for evaluating the relationship between activity intensity and fall-related mortality among U.S. adults.

Abstract

This dataset contains statistics on recorded deaths (death registrations) in South Africa from 1997 to 2005. This data comes from two sources: the death register and the medical certificate in respect of death. The staff of the registrar of death fills in the former while the medical practitioner attending to the death completes the latter. The forms are administered by the Department of Home Affairs (DHA), but they are sent to Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) for processing. The registration of deaths is regulated by the Births and Deaths Registration Act, 51 of 1992. From the two forms sent to Stats SA, the following data items of the deceased are extracted: place of residence, place of death, date of death, month and year of registration, sex, marital status, occupation, underlying cause of death, whether or not the death was certified by a medical practitioner, whether or not the deceased died in a health institution or nursing home. From 1991 statistical information regarding recorded deaths obtained from the Department of Home Affairs did not include a population, and therefore this dataset includes death data for all population groups combined. Deaths were recorded according to the place of residence of the deceased. The tenth revision of the international classification of diseases (ICD-10) is used as the official coding system for publishing causes of death. From October 1992 unnatural (external) causes of death are stated as ‘unnatural’ only and are no longer specified in detail on the death register form of the Department of Home Affairs. However some physicians specify the cause of the unnatural death, and this is recorded in the data.

Geographic coverage

The survey had national coverage

Analysis unit

Units of analysis in the survey were individuals

Universe

The data covers the death records of all South Africans

Kind of data

Administrative records data [adm]

Mode of data collection

Other [oth]

Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Zacatecas: Micro data was reported at 31.102 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 20.803 % for 2020. Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Zacatecas: Micro data is updated yearly, averaging 25.953 % from Dec 2020 (Median) to 2021, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 31.102 % in 2021 and a record low of 20.803 % in 2020. Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Zacatecas: Micro data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Institute of Statistics and Geography. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.O013: Establishment Death Rate: by State.

Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Nuevo Leon: Micro data was reported at 41.165 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 26.094 % for 2020. Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Nuevo Leon: Micro data is updated yearly, averaging 33.629 % from Dec 2020 (Median) to 2021, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 41.165 % in 2021 and a record low of 26.094 % in 2020. Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Nuevo Leon: Micro data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Institute of Statistics and Geography. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.O013: Establishment Death Rate: by State.

Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Durango: Micro data was reported at 36.128 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 22.660 % for 2020. Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Durango: Micro data is updated yearly, averaging 22.660 % from Dec 2020 (Median) to 2021, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 36.128 % in 2021 and a record low of 22.660 % in 2020. Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Durango: Micro data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Institute of Statistics and Geography. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.O: Establishment Death Rate: by State.

Abstract

The Kagera Health and Development Survey was conducted to estimate the economic impact of the death of prime-age adults on surviving household members. This impact was primarily measured as the difference in well-being between households with and without the death of a prime-age adult (15-50), over time. An additional hypothesis was that households in communities with high mortality rates might be less successful in coping with a prime-age adult death. Thus, the research design called for collecting extensive socioeconomic information from households with and without adult deaths in communities with high and low adult mortality rates. Data collected by the KHDS can be used to estimate the "direct costs” of illness and mortality in terms of out-of-pocket expenditures, the "indirect costs" in terms of foregone earnings of the patient, and the "coping costs” in terms of changes in the well-being of other household members and in the allocation on of time and resources within the household as these events unfold. The KHDS was an economic survey. It did not attempt to measure knowledge, attitudes, behaviours or practices related to HIV infection or AIDS in households or communities. It also did not collect blood samples or attempt to measure HIV seroprevalence; this would have substantially affected the costs and complexity of the research and possibly the willingness of households to participate. Information on the cause of death in the KHDS household survey is based on the reports of surviving household members; the researchers maintained that household coping will respond to the perceived cause of death, irrespective of whether the deceased actually died of AIDS. Lastly, the KHDS did not attempt to measure the psycho-social impact of HIV infection or AIDS deaths.

Geographic coverage

Regional

Analysis unit

Households

Universe

The KHDS attempts to re-interview all respondents interviewed in the original KHDS 1991-1994, irrespective of whether the respondent had moved out of the original village, region or country or was residing in a new household.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

(a) SAMPLE DESIGN AND SELECTION

Qualitative studies of small samples of households can point to hypotheses about the ways in which fatal adult illness affects households. However, policymakers need to know which households are suffering the most, the size of the impact, the extent to which they suffer more than other households in a poor country, and the potential costs and effects of assistance programs. For this purpose, the sample of households must be representative of the population, a random sample for which the probability of selecting each household from the whole population is known. The KHDS used a random sample that was stratified geographically and according to several measures of adult mortality risk. This strategy allowed the team to ensure an adequate number of households with an adult death in the sample while retaining the ability to extrapolate the results to the entire population. The results from the household survey show that stratification of the sample on mortality risk at both the community and household level proved to be worthwhile. Among the 816 households in the original sample that began the survey in the first passage, 91 had an adult death in the course of the survey-more than three times the expected number (25) had the households been drawn at random with no stratification. The 816 households that began the survey in the first passage were observed, on average, for 1.6 years, generating a total of 1,322.7 years of observation. The average probability of an adult death per household per year, according to the 1988 Tanzania Census, is 0.0188. Thus, the expected number of deaths from a random sample of 816 households observed for 1.6 years is 25. Because households were added to the sample to compensate for attrition, a total of 918 households were eventually interviewed at least once. Between the first and last interview, 102 of these households had an adult death, compared to 27 households that would have been expected to have a death from a non-stratified sample.

(b) SAMPLING PROCEDURE

The KHDS household sample was drawn in two stages, with stratification based on geography in the first stage and mortality risk in both stages. It used a two-stage stratified random sampling procedure.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Morelos: Micro data was reported at 36.397 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 23.032 % for 2020. Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Morelos: Micro data is updated yearly, averaging 29.715 % from Dec 2020 (Median) to 2021, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 36.397 % in 2021 and a record low of 23.032 % in 2020. Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Morelos: Micro data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Institute of Statistics and Geography. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.O013: Establishment Death Rate: by State.

Abstract

The Population and Housing Census (PHC) 2006 provides a population count of all people that resided in Samoa on the 6th of November, 2006. It collected a range of socio-economic and demographic information pertaining to household members and their associated housing facilities and household status. The information were used to develop statistical indicators to support national plannning and policy-making and also to monitor MDG indicators and all other related conventions. This included population growth rates, educational attainment, employment rates, fertility rates, mortality rates, internal movements, household access to water supply, electricity, sanitation, and many other information. The full report is available at SBS website: http://www.sbs.gov.ws under the section on Publications and Reports.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Private households Institution households Individuals Women 15-49 Housing facilities

Universe

The Population and Housing Census (PHC) covered all de facto household members, institutional households such as boarding schools, hospitals, prison inmates, expatriats residing in Samoa for more than 3 months and also all women 15-49 years .The PHC excluded tourists visiting Samoa and Samoans living overseas.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The Population and Housing Census (PHC) 2006 questionnaire was developed on the basis of the PHC 2001 with some modifications and additions. The Questionnaire has separate A-3 page for the Population questionnaire and a separate A4 page for the Housing questionnaire.

A Population questionnaire was administered in each household, which collected various information on household members including age, sex, citizenship, ethnicity, orphanhood, marital status, matai status, disability, language of communication, residence (birth, usual, previous), religion, education and employment.

In the Population questionnaire, a special section was administered in each household for women age 15-49, which also asked information on their children ever born still living, died or living somewhere else. Mothers of children under one year were also asked whether they have immunized their babies for measles and rubella.

The Housing questionnaire was also administered in each household which collected information on the types of building the household lived, floor materials, wall materials, roof materials, land tenure, house tenure, water supply, drinking water, lighting, cooking fuel, waste disposal, toilet facility, telephone, computer, internet, cell phones, homezone phone, refrigerator, radio, television, play-station or kidz video games, vehicle, and also the household three main sources of income.

In the Housing questionnaire, a special section was designed to capture household deaths and maternal deaths between November 2004-2006 including the deceased's sex, age at death, and ,the main cause of death.

Cleaning operations

How to edit on field and in the office to data processing: Data editing took place at a number of stages throughout the processing, including: a) Office editing and coding b) During data entry c) Structure checking and completeness d) Secondary editing e) Structural checking of SPSS data files Detailed documentation of the editing of data can be found in the "Data processing guidelines" document provided as an external resource.

At SBS, a team of Office editors was responsible for reviewing each completed questionnaire that came into the office and checking for missed questions, skip errors, fields incorrectly completed, and checking for inconsistencies in the data. In problematic EA, the Office editors liased with the ACEO:Census-Survey and recommended re-enumeration in areas where coverage was not good or quality of the questionnaire was poor. In 2006, the re-enumeration was carried out in some of the villages in the Apia urban region and some areas of Vaitele mainly due to the unavailability of household members during the allocated enumeration period, and, also due to poor quality of data collection.

On the other hand, the good completed questionnaires were passed on by the Office editors to the Office coders who then performed their coding processes of all the questionnaires in a sequential order. After each questionnaire is coded, the Office coders recorded their dates of completion and then passed on the coded questionnaires to the Data processing team for their controls and data entry processes.

The Data processing team is lead by the Computer Manager and Programmer who also works closely with the ACEO Census-Surveys in monitoring the flow of work. The Computer Manager/Programmer designed the data entry and editing programs, conducted the data entry training and then monitored the data entry and made progress reports. Any problems relating to coding at the data entry will be reported to the ACEO Census-Surveys for improvement.

The Computer Manager/Programmer ran data structural checkings and monitored completeness of data entries. Data verfication had also been closely monitored and double data entry was made at 50%. The ACEO Census-Surveys produced the Tabulation plan in which the Computer Programmer also used to monitor structural checks and data quality.

Any detalied information can be asked directly to the Computer Progammer/Manager of SBS or check into our website at http://www.sbs.gov.ws

The files included here are SAS code provided as documentation for reproducibility of results in the study titled: "Independent effects of individual- and area-level income on site-specific cancer incidence in Canada from 2006–2015: a data linkage study" by Parker Tope, Talía Malagón, Samantha Morais, Mariam El-Zein, and Eduardo L. Franco. Data Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohorts 2006 & 2011, 2006 long-form census, 2011 National Household Survey, Canadian Vital Statistics Death Database 2006-2015, and Canadian Cancer Registry 2006-2015. The Postal CodeOM Conversion File Plus (7D) is based on data licensed by Canada Post Corporation. Reproduced and distributed on an "as is" basis with the permission of Statistics Canada. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product. Statistics Canada is the owner and steward of the data used in this report, and access to the data is regulated by the 1985 Statistics Act. To access the data, researchers must become deemed employees of Statistics Canada and sign a research contract. Members of post-secondary institutions such as faculty, students, or staff may apply for data access to Statistics Canada microdata through the Research Data Centre program using the Microdata Access Portal (https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/microdata/data-centres/access).

Abstract

This cumulative dataset contains statistics on mortality and causes of death in South Africa covering the period 1997-2017. The mortality and causes of death dataset is part of a regular series published by Stats SA, based on data collected through the civil registration system. This dataset is the most recent cumulative round in the series which began with the separately available dataset Recorded Deaths 1996.

The main objective of this dataset is to outline emerging trends and differentials in mortality by selected socio-demographic and geographic characteristics for deaths that occurred in the registered year and over time. Reliable mortality statistics, are the cornerstone of national health information systems, and are necessary for population health assessment, health policy and service planning; and programme evaluation. They are essential for studying the occurrence and distribution of health-related events, their determinants and management of related health problems. These data are particularly critical for monitoring the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Agenda 2063 which share the same goal for a high standard of living and quality of life, sound health and well-being for all and at all ages. Mortality statistics are also required for assessing the impact of non-communicable diseases (NCD's), emerging infectious diseases, injuries and natural disasters.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Individuals

Universe

This dataset is based on information on mortality and causes of death from the South African civil registration system. It covers all death notification forms from the Department of Home Affairs for deaths that occurred in 1997-2017, that reached Stats SA during the 2018/2019 processing phase.

Kind of data

Administrative records data [adm]

Mode of data collection

Other [oth]

Research instrument

The registration of deaths is captured using two instruments: form BI-1663 and form DHA-1663 (Notification/Register of death/stillbirth).

Data appraisal

This cumulative dataset is part of a regular series published by Stats SA and includes all previous rounds in the series (excluding Recorded Deaths 1996). Stats SA only includes one variable to classify the occupation group of the deceased (OccupationGrp) in the current round (1997-2017). Prior to 2016, Stats SA included both occupation group (OccupationGrp) and industry classification (Industry) in all previous rounds. Therefore, DataFirst has made the 1997-2015 cumulative round available as a separately downloadable dataset which includes both occupation group and industry classification of the deceased spanning the years 1997-2015.

Central mortality rates by age and sex up to 2050, conditioned to the three risk factors under consideration (income, habitat size, and climate area), using georeferenced microdata from the population of Spain. This project contains two open-format files (please also read the Read me.xlsx).

The file called "Estimates of death rates,Spain 2010-2019,by risk factor.csv" offers the results of converting nearly two billion microdata events into estimates of central mortality rates for each risk factor, categorised according to various variables. Spain 2010-2019.

The file called "Forecasts of death rates,Spain 2020-2050, by risk factor.csv" includes the projections of the death rates from 2020 to 2050.

Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Tamaulipas: Micro data was reported at 32.759 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 26.805 % for 2020. Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Tamaulipas: Micro data is updated yearly, averaging 29.782 % from Dec 2020 (Median) to 2021, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 32.759 % in 2021 and a record low of 26.805 % in 2020. Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Tamaulipas: Micro data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Institute of Statistics and Geography. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.O013: Establishment Death Rate: by State.

Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Aguascalientes: Micro data was reported at 40.197 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 22.147 % for 2020. Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Aguascalientes: Micro data is updated yearly, averaging 31.172 % from Dec 2020 (Median) to 2021, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 40.197 % in 2021 and a record low of 22.147 % in 2020. Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Aguascalientes: Micro data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Institute of Statistics and Geography. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.O013: Establishment Death Rate: by State.

Abstract

The 1992 Namibia Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) is a nationally representative survey conducted by the Ministry of Health and Social Services, assisted by the Central Statistical Office, with the aim of gathering reliable information on fertility, family planning, infant and child mortality, maternal mortality, maternal and child health and nutrition. Interviewers collected information on the reproductive histories of 5,421 women 15-49 years and on the health of 3,562 children under the age of five years.

The Namibia Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) is a national sample survey of women of reproductive age designed to collect data on mortality and fertility, socioeconomic characteristics, marriage patterns, breastfeeding, use of contraception, immunisation of children, accessibility to health and family planning services, treatment of children during episodes of illness, and the nutritional status of women and children. More specifically, the objectives of NDHS are: - To collect data at the national level which will allow the calculation of demographic rates, particularly fertility rates and child mortality rates, and maternal mortality rates; To analyse the direct and indirect factors which determine levels and trends in fertility and childhood mortality, Indicators of fertility and mortality are important in planning for social and economic development; - To measure the level of contraceptive knowledge and practice by method, region, and urban/rural residence; - To collect reliable data on family health: immunisations, prevalence and treatment of diarrhoea and other diseases among children under five, antenatal visits, assistance at delivery and breastfeeding; - To measure the nutritional status of children under five and of their mothers using anthropometric measurements (principally height and weight).

MAIN RESULTS

According to the NDHS, fertility is high in Namibia; at current fertility levels, Namibian women will have an average of 5.4 children by the end of their reproductive years. This is lower than most countries in sub-Saharan Africa, but similar to results from DHS surveys in Botswana (4.9 children per woman) and Zimbabwe (5.4 children per woman). Fertility in the South and Central regions is considerably lower (4.1 children per woman) than in the Northeast (6.0) and Northwest regions (6.7).

About one in four women uses a contraceptive method: 29 percent of married women currently use a method (26 percent use a modem method), and 23 percent of all women are current users. The pill, injection and female sterilisation are the most popular methods among married couples: each is used by about 7 to 8 percent of currently married women. Knowledge of contraception is high, with almost 90 percent of all women age 15-49 knowing of any modem method.

Certain groups of women are much more likely to use contraception than others. For example, urban women are almost four times more likely to be using a modem contraceptive method (47 percent) than rural women (13 percent). Women in the South and Central regions, those with more education, and those living closer to family planning services are also more likely to be using contraception.

Levels of fertility and contraceptive use are not likely to change until there is a drop in desired family size and until the idea of reproductive choice is more widely accepted. At present, the average ideal family size (5.0 children) is only slightly lower than the total fertility rate (5.4 children). Thus, the vast majority of births are wanted.

On average, Namibian women have their first child when they are about 21 years of age. The median age at first marriage is, however, 25 years. This indicates that many women give birth before marriage. In fact, married women are a minority in Namibia: 51 percent of women 15-49 were not married, 27 percent were currently married, 15 percent were currently living with a man (informal union), and 7 percent were widowed, divorced or separated. Therefore, a large proportion of children in Namibia are born out of wedlock.

The NDHS also provides inlbrmation about maternal and child health. The data indicate that 1 in 12 children dies before the fifth birthday. However, infant and child mortality have been declining over the past decade. Infant mortality has fallen from 67 deaths per 1,000 live births for the period 1983-87 to 57 per 1,000 live births for the period 1988-92, a decline of about 15 percent. Mortality is higher in the Northeast region than elsewhere in Namibia.

The leading causes of death are diarrhoea, undemutrition, acute respiratory infection (pneumonia) and malaria: each of these conditions was associated with about one-fifth of under-five deaths. Among neonatal deaths low birth weight and birth problems were the leading causes of death. Neonatal tetanus and measles were not lbund to be major causes of death.

Maternal mortality was estimated from reports on the survival status of sisters of the respondent. Maternal mortality was 225 per 100,000 live births for the decade prior to the survey. NDHS data also show considerable excess male mortality at ages 15-49, which may in part be related to the war of independence during the 1980s.

Utilisation of maternal and child health services is high. Almost 90 percent of mothers received antenatal care, and two-thirds of children were bom in health facilities. Traditional birth attendants assisted only 6 percent of births in the five years preceding the survey. Child vaccination coverage has increased rapidly since independence. Ninety-five percent of children age 12-23 months have received at least one vaccination, while 76 percent have received a measles vaccination, and 70 percent three doses of DPT and polio vaccines.

Children with symptoms of possible acute respiratory infection (cough and rapid breathing) may have pneumonia and need to be seen by a health worker. Among children with such symptoms in the two weeks preceding the survey two-thirds were taken to a health facility. Only children of mothers who lived more than 30 km from a health facility were less likely to be taken to a facility.

About one in five children had diarrhoea in the two weeks prior to the survey. Diarrhoea prevalence was very high in the Northeast region, where almost half of children reportedly had diarrhoea. The dysentery epidemic contributed to this high figure: diarrhoea with blood was reported for 17 percent of children under five in the Northeast region. Among children with diarrhoea in the last two weeks 68 percent were taken to a health facility, and 64 percent received a solution prepared from ORS packets. NDHS data indicate that more emphasis needs to put on increasing fluids during diarrhoea, since only I 1 percent mothers of children with diarrhoea said they increased the amount of fluids given during the episode.

Nearly all babies are breastfed (95 percent), but only 52 percent are put on the breast immediately. Exclusive breastfeeding is practiced for a short period, but not for the recommended 4-6 months. Most babies are given water, formula, or other supplements within the first four months of life, which both jeopardises their nutritional status and increases the risk of infection. On average, children are breastfed for about 17 months, but large differences exist by region. In the South region children are breastfed lor less than a year, in the Northwest region for about one and a half years and in the Northeast region for almost two years.

Most babies are weighed at birth, but the actual birth weight could be recalled for only 44 percent of births. Using these data and data on reported size of the newborn, for all births in the last five years, it was estimated that the mean birth weight in Namibia is 3048 grams, and that 16 percent of babies were low birth weight (less than 2500 grams).

Stunting, an indication of chronic undemutrition, was observed for 28 percent of children under five. Stunting was more common in the Northeast region (42 percent) than elsewhere in Namibia. Almost 9 percent of children were wasted, which is an indication of acute undemutrition. Wasting is higher than expected for Namibia and may have been caused by the drought conditions during 1992.

Matemal height is an indicator of nutritional status over generations. Women in Namibia have an average height of 160 cm and there is little variation by region. The Body Mass Index (BM1), defined as weight divided by squared height, is a measure of current nutritional status and was lower among women in the Northwest and the Northeast regions than among women in the South and Central regions.

On average, women had a health facility available within 40 minutes travel time. Women in the Northwest region, however, had to travel more than one hour to reach the nearest health facility. At a distance of less than 10 km, 56 percent of women had access to antenatal services, 48 percent to maternity services, 72 percent to immunisation services, and 49 percent to family planning services. Within one hour of travel time, fifty-two percent of women had antenatal services, 48 percent delivery services, 64 percent immunisation services and 49 percent family planning services. Distance and travel time were greatest in the Northwest region.

Geographic coverage

The sample for the NDHS was designed to be nationally representative. The design involved a two- stage stratified sample which is self-weighting within each of the three health regions for which estimates of fertility and mortality were required--Northwest, Northeast, and the combined Central/South region. In order to have a sufficient number of cases for analysis, oversampling was necessary for the Northeast region, which has only 14.8 percent of the population. Therefore, the sample was not allocated proportionally across regions and is not completely

Abstract

The 2008 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS) is a national survey covering all ten regions of the country. The survey was designed to collect, analyse, and disseminate information on housing and household characteristics, education, maternal health and child health, nutrition, family planning, gender, and knowledge and behaviour related to HIV/AIDS. It included, for the first time, a module on domestic violence as one of the topics of investigation.

The 2008 GDHS is designed to provide data to monitor the population and health situation in Ghana. This is the fifth round in a series of national level population and health surveys conducted in Ghana under the worldwide Demographic and Health Surveys programme. Specifically, the 2008 GDHS has the primary objective of providing current and reliable information on fertility levels, marriage, sexual activity, fertility preferences, awareness and use of family planning methods, breastfeeding practices, nutritional status of women and young children, childhood mortality, maternal and child health, domestic violence, and awareness and behaviour regarding AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The information collected in the 2008 GDHS will provide updated estimates of basic demographic and health indicators covered in the earlier rounds of 1988, 1993, 1998, and 2003 surveys.

The long-term objective of the survey includes strengthening the technical capacity of major government institutions, including the Ghana Statistical Service (GSS). The 2008 GDHS also provides comparable data for long-term trend analysis in Ghana, since the surveys were implemented by the same organisation, using similar data collection procedures. It also adds to the international database on demographic and health–related information for research purposes.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• Household
• Children under five years
• Women age 15-49
• Men age 15-59

Kind of data

Sample survey data

Sampling procedure

The 2008 GDHS was a household-based survey, implemented in a representative probability sample of more than 12,000 households selected nationwide. This sample was selected in such a manner as to allow for separate estimates of key indicators for each of the 10 regions in Ghana, as well as for urban and rural areas separately.

The 2008 GDHS utilised a two-stage sample design. The first stage involved selecting sample points or clusters from an updated master sampling frame constructed from the 2000 Ghana Population and Housing Census. A total of 412 clusters were selected from the master sampling frame. The clusters were selected using systematic sampling with probability proportional to size. A complete household listing operation was conducted from June to July 2008 in all the selected clusters to provide a sampling frame for the second stage selection of households.

The second stage of selection involved the systematic sampling of 30 of the households listed in each cluster. The primary objectives of the second stage of selection were to ensure adequate numbers of completed individual interviews to provide estimates for key indicators with acceptable precision and to provide a sample large enough to identify adequate numbers of under-five deaths to provide data on causes of death.

Data were not collected in one of the selected clusters due to security reasons, resulting in a final sample of 12,323 selected households. Weights were calculated taking into consideration cluster, household, and individual non-responses, so the representations were not distorted.

Note: See detailed description of sample design in APPENDIX A of the survey report.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Three questionnaires were used for the 2008 GDHS: the Household Questionnaire, the Women’s Questionnaire and the Men’s Questionnaire. The content of these questionnaires was based on model questionnaires developed by the MEASURE DHS programme and the 2003 GDHS Questionnaires.

A questionnaire design workshop organised by GSS was held in Accra to obtain input from the Ministry of Health and other stakeholders on the design of the 2008 GDHS Questionnaires. Based on the questionnaires used for the 2003 GDHS, the workshop and several other informal meetings with various local and international organisations, the DHS model questionnaires were modified to reflect relevant issues in population, family planning, domestic violence, HIV/AIDS, malaria and other health issues in Ghana. These questionnaires were translated from English into three major local languages, namely Akan, Ga, and Ewe. The questionnaires were pre-tested in July 2008. The lessons learnt from the pre-test were used to finalise the survey instruments and logistical arrangements.

The Household Questionnaire was used to list all the usual members and visitors in the selected households. Some basic information was collected on the characteristics of each person listed, including age, sex, education, and relationship to the head of the household. The main purpose of the Household Questionnaire was to identify women and men who were eligible for the individual interview. The Household Questionnaire collected information on characteristics of the household’s dwelling unit, such as the source of water, type of toilet facilities, materials used for the floor and roof of the house, ownership of various durable goods, and ownership and use of mosquito nets. The Household Questionnaire was also used to record height and weight measurements, consent for, and the results of, haemoglobin measurements for women age 15-49 and children under five years. The haemoglobin testing procedure is described in detail in the next section.

The Household Questionnaire was also used to record all deaths of household members that occurred since January 2003. Based on this information, in each household that reported the death of a child under age five years since January 2005,3 field editors administered a Verbal Autopsy Questionnaire. Data on child mortality based on the verbal autopsy will be presented in a separate publication.

The Women’s Questionnaire was used to collect information from all women age 15-49 in half of selected households. These women were asked questions about themselves and their children born in the five years since 2003 on the following topics: education, residential history, media exposure, reproductive history, knowledge and use of family planning methods, fertility preferences, antenatal and delivery care, breastfeeding and infant and young child feeding practices, vaccinations and childhood illnesses, marriage and sexual activity, woman’s work and husband’s background characteristics, childhood mortality, awareness and behaviour about AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), awareness of TB and other health issues, and domestic violence.

The Women’s Questionnaire included a series of questions to obtain information on women’s exposure to malaria during their most recent pregnancy in the five years preceding the survey and the treatment for malaria. In addition, women were asked if any of their children born in the five years preceding the survey had fever, whether these children were treated for malaria and the type of treatment they received.

The Men’s Questionnaire was administered to all men age 15-59 living in half of the selected households in the GDHS sample. The Men’s Questionnaire collected much of the same information found in the Women’s Questionnaire, but was shorter because it did not contain a reproductive history or questions on maternal and child health or nutrition.

Cleaning operations

The processing of the GDHS results began shortly after the fieldwork commenced. Completed questionnaires were returned periodically from the field to the GSS office in Accra, where they were entered and edited by data processing personnel who were specially trained for this task. Data were entered using CSPro, a programme specially developed for use in DHS surveys. All data were entered twice (100 percent verification). The concurrent processing of the data was a distinct advantage for data quality, because GSS had the opportunity to advise field teams of problems detected during data entry. The data entry and editing phase of the survey was completed in February 2009.

Response rate

A total of 12,323 households were selected in the sample, of which 11,913 were occupied at the time of the fieldwork. This difference between selected and occupied households occurred mainly because some of the selected structures were found to be vacant or destroyed. The number of occupied households successfully interviewed was 11,778, yielding a household response rate of 99 percent.

In the households selected for individual interview in the survey (50 percent of the total 2008 GDHS sample), a total of 5,096 eligible women were identified; interviews were completed with 4,916 of these women, yielding a response rate of 97 percent. In the same households, a total of 4,769 eligible men were identified and interviews were completed with 4,568 of these men, yielding a response rate of 96 percent. The response rates are slightly lower among men than women.

The principal reason for non-response among both eligible women and men was the failure to find individuals at home despite repeated visits to the household. The lower response rate for men reflects the more frequent and longer absences of men from the household

Note: See summarized response rates by place of residence in Table 1.1 of the survey report.

Sampling error

Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Nayarit: Micro data was reported at 34.614 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 23.494 % for 2020. Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Nayarit: Micro data is updated yearly, averaging 23.494 % from Dec 2020 (Median) to 2021, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 34.614 % in 2021 and a record low of 23.494 % in 2020. Mexico Establishment Death Rate: Nayarit: Micro data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Institute of Statistics and Geography. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.O: Establishment Death Rate: by State.