In this study we use long-term satellite, climate, and crop observations to document the spatial distribution of the recent stagnation in food grain production affecting the water-limited tropics (WLT), a region where 1.5 billion people live and depend on local agriculture that is constrained by chronic water shortages. Overall, our analysis shows that the recent stagnation in food production is corroborated by satellite data. The growth rate in annually integrated vegetation greenness, a measure of crop growth, has declined significantly (p

The dataset contains Decade and State wise Urban, Rural, Total Population and Decadal Growth Rate

Note: 1. The Population figures exclude population of areas under unlawful occupation of Pakistan and China, where Census could not be taken. 2. In Arunachal Pradesh, the census was conducted for the first time in 1961. 3. Population data of Assam include Union Territory of Mizoram, which was carved out of Assam after the 1971. 4. The 1981 Census could not be held in Assam. Total Population for 1981 has been worked out by Interpolation. 5. The 1991 Census could not be held in Jammu & Kashmir. Total Population for 1991 has been worked out by Interpolation. 6. India and Manipur figures include estimated Population for those of the three sub-divisions viz., Mao Maram,Paomata and Purul of Senapati district of Manipur as census result of 2001 in these three sub-divisions were cancelled due to technical and administrative reasons

In 2023, the annual population growth in India was 0.88 percent. Between 1961 and 2023, the figure dropped by 1.52 percentage points, though the decline followed an uneven course rather than a steady trajectory.

This dataset contains the decadal growth rates of general population and elderly population in India during different census years.

Title: Population Data of Indian Cities (2011 and 2001)

Description: This dataset contains population information for various cities in India, categorized by rank, city name, and population figures for the years 2011 and 2001. Additionally, it includes the corresponding state or union territory to which each city belongs. The dataset provides insights into population changes over a decade in different cities across India.

Columns:

Rank: This column represents the rank of each city based on its population in the year 2011. Cities are typically ranked in descending order of population, with the most populous city having the rank 1.

City: This column contains the names of the cities for which population data is recorded.

Population (2011): This column displays the population count of each city as of the year 2011. The population figures are likely to be recorded in thousands or millions

Population (2001): This column provides the population count of each city as of the year 2001. Comparing this data with the 2011 population figures allows for an analysis of population growth or decline over the decade.

State or Union Territory: This column indicates the administrative division to which each city belongs. In India, cities are typically grouped into states or union territories, and this column helps identify the geographical context of each city.

The Population Dataset is derived from the Census data of India, and it ranges from 1901 to 2011.

Content

The dataset consists of decadal population growth statistics for Indian States, with data fields defining Count of Persons, Variation in Population from the previous Census, Number of Males/Females etc.

The States Dataset consists of similar information, but with the data aggregated at the district level for the districts that lie within that state.

Acknowledgements

This Dataset is downloaded from: https://censusindia.gov.in

Credits to the Author.

Inspiration

Perform Exploratory Data Analysis on the population datasets to see the patterns in the population growth in India. For the individual states dataset, perform EDA to see patterns of growth/migration within the state.

With almost all major religions being practiced throughout the country, India is known for its religious diversity. Islam makes up the highest share among minority faiths in the country. According to the Indian census of 2011, the Muslim population in Uttar Pradesh more than ** million, making it the state with the most Muslims.

Socio-economic conditions of Muslims
Muslims seem to lag behind every other religious community in India in terms of living standards, financial stability, education and other aspects, thereby showing poor performance in most of the fields. According to a national survey, 17 percent of the Muslims were categorized under the lowest wealth index, which indicates poor socio-economic conditions.

Growth of Muslim population in India
Islam is one of the fastest-growing religions worldwide. According to India’s census, the Muslim population has witnessed a negative decadal growth of more than ** percent from 1951 to 1960, presumably due to the partitions forming Pakistan and Bangladesh. The population showed a positive and steady growth since 1961, making up ** percent of the total population of India . Even though people following Islam were estimated to grow significantly, they would still remain a minority in India compared to *** billion Hindus by 2050.

As of 2021, the population of Prayagraj in India was over 1.4 million. This was a significant increase from 2011, when the population in the Uttar Pradesh capital was just over one million, and reflected a decadal growth of more than 25 percent from 2011.

India Population: Census: Age: 30 to 34 Year data was reported at 88,594.951 Person th in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 74,274.000 Person th for 03-01-2001. India Population: Census: Age: 30 to 34 Year data is updated decadal, averaging 74,274.000 Person th from Mar 1991 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 88,594.951 Person th in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 58,404.000 Person th in 03-01-1991. India Population: Census: Age: 30 to 34 Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAD001: Census: Population: by Age Group.

The 2022 cartographic boundary shapefiles are simplified representations of selected geographic areas from the U.S. Census Bureau's Master Address File / Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing (MAF/TIGER) Database (MTDB). These boundary files are specifically designed for small-scale thematic mapping. When possible, generalization is performed with the intent to maintain the hierarchical relationships among geographies and to maintain the alignment of geographies within a file set for a given year. Geographic areas may not align with the same areas from another year. Some geographies are available as nation-based files while others are available only as state-based files. Census tracts are small, relatively permanent statistical subdivisions of a county or equivalent entity, and were defined by local participants as part of the 2020 Census Participant Statistical Areas Program. The Census Bureau delineated the census tracts in situations where no local participant existed or where all the potential participants declined to participate. The primary purpose of census tracts is to provide a stable set of geographic units for the presentation of census data and comparison back to previous decennial censuses. Census tracts generally have a population size between 1,200 and 8,000 people, with an optimum size of 4,000 people. When first delineated, census tracts were designed to be homogeneous with respect to population characteristics, economic status, and living conditions. The spatial size of census tracts varies widely depending on the density of settlement. Physical changes in street patterns caused by highway construction, new development, and so forth, may require boundary revisions. In addition, census tracts occasionally are split due to population growth, or combined as a result of substantial population decline. Census tract boundaries generally follow visible and identifiable features. They may follow legal boundaries such as minor civil division (MCD) or incorporated place boundaries in some states and situations to allow for census tract-to-governmental unit relationships where the governmental boundaries tend to remain unchanged between censuses. State and county boundaries always are census tract boundaries in the standard census geographic hierarchy. In a few rare instances, a census tract may consist of noncontiguous areas. These noncontiguous areas may occur where the census tracts are coextensive with all or parts of legal entities that are themselves noncontiguous. For the 2010 Census and beyond, the census tract code range of 9400 through 9499 was enforced for census tracts that include a majority American Indian population according to Census 2000 data and/or their area was primarily covered by federally recognized American Indian reservations and/or off-reservation trust lands; the code range 9800 through 9899 was enforced for those census tracts that contained little or no population and represented a relatively large special land use area such as a National Park, military installation, or a business/industrial park; and the code range 9900 through 9998 was enforced for those census tracts that contained only water area, no land area.

Census: Population: by Religion: Hindu: Uttar Pradesh data was reported at 159,312,654.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 133,979,263.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Hindu: Uttar Pradesh data is updated decadal, averaging 146,645,958.500 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 159,312,654.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 133,979,263.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Hindu: Uttar Pradesh data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE002: Census: Population: by Religion: Hindu.

Census: Population: by Religion: Hindu: Lakshadweep: Male data was reported at 1,603.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1,776.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Hindu: Lakshadweep: Male data is updated decadal, averaging 1,689.500 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,776.000 Person in 03-01-2001 and a record low of 1,603.000 Person in 03-01-2011. Census: Population: by Religion: Hindu: Lakshadweep: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE002: Census: Population: by Religion: Hindu.

Census: Population: Madhya Pradesh: Chhota-Chhindwara data was reported at 28,074.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 23,420.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: Madhya Pradesh: Chhota-Chhindwara data is updated decadal, averaging 6,710.000 Person from Mar 1901 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 12 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 28,074.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 3,404.000 Person in 03-01-1911. Census: Population: Madhya Pradesh: Chhota-Chhindwara data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAC020: Census: Population: By Towns and Urban Agglomerations: Madhya Pradesh.

Census: Population: Gujarat: Mangrol data was reported at 69,779.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 56,320.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: Gujarat: Mangrol data is updated decadal, averaging 20,587.000 Person from Mar 1901 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 12 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 69,779.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 14,233.000 Person in 03-01-1921. Census: Population: Gujarat: Mangrol data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAC011: Census: Population: By Towns and Urban Agglomerations: Gujarat.

Census: Population: Kerala: Perumbavoor: Female data was reported at 14,335.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 13,415.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: Kerala: Perumbavoor: Female data is updated decadal, averaging 10,133.000 Person from Mar 1931 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 9 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 14,335.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 2,882.000 Person in 03-01-1931. Census: Population: Kerala: Perumbavoor: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAC017: Census: Population: By Towns and Urban Agglomerations: Kerala.

Census: Population: Uttarakhand: Bhimtal data was reported at 7,722.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 5,874.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: Uttarakhand: Bhimtal data is updated decadal, averaging 3,548.000 Person from Mar 1921 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 6 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7,722.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 1,621.000 Person in 03-01-1921. Census: Population: Uttarakhand: Bhimtal data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAC036: Census: Population: By Towns and Urban Agglomerations: Uttarakhand.

Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Kerala data was reported at 4,621,685.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,998,397.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Kerala data is updated decadal, averaging 3,310,041.000 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,621,685.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 1,998,397.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Kerala data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE003: Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim.

Census: Population: Himachal Pradesh: Manali data was reported at 8,096.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 6,265.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: Himachal Pradesh: Manali data is updated decadal, averaging 2,433.000 Person from Mar 1971 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8,096.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 1,800.000 Person in 03-01-1971. Census: Population: Himachal Pradesh: Manali data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAC013: Census: Population: By Towns and Urban Agglomerations: Himachal Pradesh.

Census: Population: Kerala: Pathanamthitta data was reported at 37,538.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records a decrease from the previous number of 38,009.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: Kerala: Pathanamthitta data is updated decadal, averaging 32,967.000 Person from Mar 1931 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 7 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 38,009.000 Person in 03-01-2001 and a record low of 4,165.000 Person in 03-01-1931. Census: Population: Kerala: Pathanamthitta data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAC017: Census: Population: By Towns and Urban Agglomerations: Kerala.

Census: Population: West Bengal: Kalimpong data was reported at 49,403.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 42,998.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: West Bengal: Kalimpong data is updated decadal, averaging 25,105.000 Person from Mar 1931 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 9 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 49,403.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 8,776.000 Person in 03-01-1931. Census: Population: West Bengal: Kalimpong data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAC037: Census: Population: By Towns and Urban Agglomerations: West Bengal.