Fossil fuels, such as natural gas and oil are forecasted to be the main primary energy in terms of demand in the United Kingdom. Primary energy demand of natural gas is projected to reach 63 million metric tons of oil equivalent in 2040. By comparison, renewables and waste sources primary energy demand is expected to increase and amount to 26 million metric tons of oil equivalent in 2040.

The United Kingdom’s demand for electricity has been declining since 2005, standing at 316.52 terawatt-hours in 2023. Some factors for this decreasing are declining population growth in the country, energy efficiency regulations, energy-efficient lighting, and changing consumer habits. Domestic electricity consumption in the UK Households are the largest electricity end-users in the UK. In fact, domestic consumption is the only sector that registered year-over-year growth over the past few years, reaching roughly 100 terawatt-hours in 2022. Nevertheless, the average domestic electricity consumption varied from region to region. Consumption was highest in the East, South East, and South West of England, each registering an average of more than 3,600 kilowatt-hours per household. Declining electricity generation in the UK Keeping up with the decline in demand, electricity generation in the UK has also been decreasing. In 2023, approximately 293 terawatt-hours were produced, the lowest output in at least three decades. Although electricity generation has been declining, renewable generation has increased significantly. As of 2023, renewables accounted for the largest electricity generation capacity in the UK, and that capacity is forecast to more than double by 2050. By 2025, the use of coal is expected to have been completely phased out.

Demand of renewables and waste as primary energy are forecasted to increase over the years, peaking at 29 million metric tons of oil equivalent as of 2025. By 2040, figures are expected to decrease and reach 26 million metric tons of oil equivalent. However, fossil fuels, such as natural gas and oil are forecasted to be the major primary energy sources in the United Kingdom.

Primary energy consumption in the United Kingdom amounted to 6.95 exajoules in 2023, down from 7.3 exajoules in the previous year. Nonetheless, between 2010 and 2023, UK primary energy consumption decreased by roughly 1.98 exajoules, peaking at 8.93 exajoules in 2010.

The UK's direct use of energy from fossil fuels and other sources (nuclear, net imports, renewables, biofuels and waste and reallocated use of energy by industry (SIC 2007 section - 21 categories), 1990 to 2022.

United Kingdom Energy Demand: Transformation: Primary Oil data was reported at -14,318.969 TOE th in Mar 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of -16,242.544 TOE th for Dec 2017. United Kingdom Energy Demand: Transformation: Primary Oil data is updated quarterly, averaging -21,718.243 TOE th from Mar 1998 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 81 observations. The data reached an all-time high of -14,318.969 TOE th in Mar 2018 and a record low of -26,905.451 TOE th in Jun 1998. United Kingdom Energy Demand: Transformation: Primary Oil data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.RB002: Energy Demand.

The UK's reallocated energy use and energy intensity - the level of usage per unit of economic output, by industry (SIC 2007 group - around 130 categories), 1990 to 2022.

United Kingdom Energy Demand: Transformation: PF: Petroleum Product data was reported at -15.195 TOE th in Jun 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of -18.593 TOE th for Mar 2018. United Kingdom Energy Demand: Transformation: PF: Petroleum Product data is updated quarterly, averaging 0.000 TOE th from Mar 1998 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 82 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 TOE th in Dec 2008 and a record low of -32.297 TOE th in Mar 2010. United Kingdom Energy Demand: Transformation: PF: Petroleum Product data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.RB002: Energy Demand.

United Kingdom Energy Demand: Transformation: HG: Heat Sold data was reported at 486.077 TOE th in Mar 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 449.950 TOE th for Dec 2017. United Kingdom Energy Demand: Transformation: HG: Heat Sold data is updated quarterly, averaging 386.434 TOE th from Mar 1998 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 81 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 777.528 TOE th in Mar 1999 and a record low of 0.000 TOE th in Dec 1998. United Kingdom Energy Demand: Transformation: HG: Heat Sold data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.RB002: Energy Demand.

United Kingdom Energy Demand: Transformation: Primary Electricity data was reported at -3,578.892 TOE th in Mar 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of -3,588.237 TOE th for Dec 2017. United Kingdom Energy Demand: Transformation: Primary Electricity data is updated quarterly, averaging -4,055.599 TOE th from Mar 1998 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 81 observations. The data reached an all-time high of -2,738.965 TOE th in Sep 2008 and a record low of -6,352.588 TOE th in Dec 1998. United Kingdom Energy Demand: Transformation: Primary Electricity data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.RB002: Energy Demand.

Primary energy demand is forecasted to fluctuate in the United Kingdom, peaking at 204 million metric tons of oil equivalent in 2015. Between 2015 and 2040, figures presented a trend of decline, reaching the record low at 178 million metric tons of oil equivalent. However, primary energy demand is projected to increase to 183 million metric tons of oil equivalent by 2040. At that time, fossil fuels such as natural gas and oil are forecasted to be the main primary energy sources in the UK. By comparison, renewables and waste sources primary energy demand is expected to be less than a half of the natural gas' demand.

The UK's energy use by industry (SIC 2007 group - around 130 categories), source (for example, industrial and domestic combustion, aircraft, road transport and so on - around 80 categories) and fuel (for example, anthracite, peat, natural gas and so on - around 20 categories), 1990 to 2022.

UK Wind Power Market size was valued at USD 39.3 Billion in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 95.3 Billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 11.7% from 2025 to 2032.

Key Market Drivers:

Rising Electricity Demand: Rising electricity demand is pushing the UK wind energy market. The growing electrification of transportation and heating is raising renewable energy demand. According to National Grid’s Future Energy Scenarios 2023, the UK’s annual power demand might increase by up to 70% by 2035, reaching 460-500 TWh.

Cost Reduction in Wind Technology: Cost reductions in wind technologies will propel the UK Wind Power Market. Wind power technology has become more competitive with traditional energy sources as its costs have decreased. According to the UK Department for Business, Energy, and Industrial Strategy (BEIS), the strike price for offshore wind in Contract for Difference (CfD) auctions has plummeted from £114.39/MWh in 2015 to £37.35/MWh in 2022, a 67% decrease.

United Kingdom Energy Demand: Primary Electricity data was reported at 5,351.276 TOE th in Mar 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 5,332.454 TOE th for Dec 2017. United Kingdom Energy Demand: Primary Electricity data is updated quarterly, averaging 4,728.679 TOE th from Mar 1998 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 81 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6,503.731 TOE th in Dec 1998 and a record low of 2,914.484 TOE th in Sep 2008. United Kingdom Energy Demand: Primary Electricity data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.RB002: Energy Demand.

United Kingdom Energy Demand: Total data was reported at 44,460.335 TOE th in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 58,994.409 TOE th for Mar 2018. United Kingdom Energy Demand: Total data is updated quarterly, averaging 56,207.488 TOE th from Mar 1998 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 82 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 73,756.843 TOE th in Mar 2006 and a record low of 41,809.998 TOE th in Sep 2016. United Kingdom Energy Demand: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.RB002: Energy Demand.

United Kingdom Energy Demand: Electricity data was reported at 467.676 TOE th in Jun 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 453.353 TOE th for Mar 2018. United Kingdom Energy Demand: Electricity data is updated quarterly, averaging 233.755 TOE th from Mar 1998 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 82 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 530.829 TOE th in Sep 2000 and a record low of -170.404 TOE th in Mar 2010. United Kingdom Energy Demand: Electricity data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.RB002: Energy Demand.

Final energy demand from renewable sources by the British residential sector is projected to reach roughly nearly one million metric tons of oil equivalent by 2040. At the same time, final energy demand from natural gas is expected to amount to 26.3 million metric tons of oil equivalent.

United Kingdom Energy Demand: Transformation: HG: Renewables & Waste data was reported at -69.988 TOE th in Mar 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of -61.824 TOE th for Dec 2017. United Kingdom Energy Demand: Transformation: HG: Renewables & Waste data is updated quarterly, averaging -8.613 TOE th from Mar 1998 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 81 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 TOE th in Dec 2007 and a record low of -73.282 TOE th in Mar 2015. United Kingdom Energy Demand: Transformation: HG: Renewables & Waste data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.RB002: Energy Demand.