The total population in India was estimated at 1398.6 million people in 2024, according to the latest census figures and projections from Trading Economics. This dataset provides - India Population - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The annual population growth in India increased by 0.1 percentage points (+12.66 percent) in 2023. This was the first time during the observed period that the population growth has increased in India. Population growth refers to the annual change in population, and is based on the balance between birth and death rates, as well as migration.Find more key insights for the annual population growth in countries like Nepal and Sri Lanka.

The financial surface of the globe at all times reveals a weird balanced impact of the public investment preferences, their understanding about the investment requirements, their anticipation of returns on their investments etc. Perhaps forecasting the growth of the business world would be crucial without an apposite comprehension of the investment behavior of the key part of the society called salaried class. This paper covers appraisal of various financial instruments like equity/stocks, term deposits in banks, kisan vikas patra, national savings certificate, insurance policies, mutual fund and converse the factors persuading investment decision process. The major factors influencing the financial investment behavior are demographic factors (like age, income, qualification, gender, etc.) and socio-economic factors (like family income, tax benefits, safety of fund, risk inclination, return on investment). This study aims to serve a channel to the need of a comprehension of the financial objectives of the salaried class investors with that of their determined desire for the investment returns. Certainly, this information could unwrap the prospect of predicting even the future of Indian Economy itself besides, providing span to fine-tuning the investment prudence of the public towards progressive and fruitful choices for themselves and the nation.

Abstract

The economic and social importance of domestic tourism in a country like India, endowed with a splendid cultural and historical heritage, hardly needs to be emphasised. However, tourism, by itself, does not constitute any specific industry or sector in the economy. Rather, it is a composite of several traditional sectors like transport, accommodation, etc. Besides, tourism has linkages with distinct patterns of consumption and expenditure. Therefore, the importance of tourism in the national economy is manifold: in generating employment in various industries like hospitality, handicrafts, transport services etc. It also uniquely serves the purpose of maintenance of familial and social bonds, which is a great Indian tradition. Further, in view of the increase in tourism in recent years, tourism-specific development and investment requirements are also on the rise in the national economy.

This schedule is designed to collect detailed information on 'domestic tourism' in India through a nationwide household survey in the 65th round of NSS. This will provide a comprehensive assessment of household characteristics, visitor characteristics, trip characteristics and expenditure characteristics in relation to domestic tourism in India.

Geographic coverage

The survey will cover the whole of the Indian Union except (i) interior villages of Nagaland situated beyond five kilometres of the bus route and (ii) villages in Andaman and Nicobar Islands which remain inaccessible throughout the year.

Analysis unit

Randomly selected households based on sampling procedure and members of the household.

Universe

The survey used the interview method of data collection from a sample of randomly selected households and members of the household.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Outline of sample design: A stratified multi-stage design has been adopted for the 65th round survey. The first stage units (FSU) are the 2001 census villages (Panchayat wards in case of Kerala) in the rural sector and Urban Frame Survey (UFS) blocks in the urban sector. For towns with no UFS frame available (to be referred as 'non-UFS towns'), each town has been treated as an FSU. The ultimate stage units (USU) are households in both the sectors. In case of large FSUs, one intermediate stage of sampling is the selection of two hamlet-groups (hgs)/ sub-blocks (sbs) from each rural/ urban FSU.

Sampling Frame for First Stage Units: For the rural sector, the list of 2001 census villages (the term 'village' means Panchayat wards for Kerala) has constituted the sampling frame. For the urban sector, the list of latest available UFS blocks has been considered as the sampling frame. For non-UFS towns, the list of towns as per Census 2001 has been the sampling frame.

Stratification for FSU:

Rural sector: All villages of a district will form a separate stratum.

Urban sector: In the urban sector, strata will be formed within each NSS region on the basis of size class of towns as per Census 2001 town population. This departure has been made in the stratification principle in order to facilitate generation of town-class wise estimates to satisfy the requirements of the user ministries. The stratum numbers and their composition (within each region) are given below.

Stratum Composition (within NSS region) 1 All towns with population < 50,000
2 All towns with population 50,000 - 99,999
3 All towns with population 1,00,000 - 4,99,999
4 All towns with population 5,00,000 - 9,99,999
5, 6, …. Each million plus city

The non-UFS towns, if any, within an NSS region will be grouped together to form separate urban strata as per the size classes (in terms of population).

Sub-stratification: There has been no sub-stratification in the rural sector and for strata corresponding to non-UFS towns.

Total sample size (FSUs): 12928 FSUs for central sample and 13996 FSUs for state sample have been allocated at all-India level.

Allocation of total sample to States and UTs:
The total number of sample FSUs is allocated to the States and UTs in proportion to population as per census 2001 subject to a minimum sample allocation to each State/ UT. While doing so, the resource availability in terms of number of field investigators has been kept in view.

Allocation of State/ UT level sample to rural and urban sectors: State/ UT level sample is allocated between two sectors in proportion to population as per census 2001 with 1.5 weightage to urban sector subject to the restriction that urban sample size for bigger states like Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu etc. should not exceed the rural sample size. A minimum of 4 FSUs is allocated to each state/ UT separately for rural and urban areas. Further the State level allocations for both rural and urban have been adjusted marginally in a few cases to ensure that each stratum gets a minimum allocation of 4 FSUs.

Sampling deviation

There was no deviation from the original sampling design.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Schedule 21.1 is on domestic tourism and consists of ten blocks with two blocks, viz, Block 5 and Block 6, having two sub-blocks each, namely, Block 5.1 & Block 5.2 and Block 6.1 & Block 6.2 respectively.

Block 0: Descriptive identification of sample household Block 1 : Identification of sample household Block 2: Particulars of field operations Block 3 : Household characteristics Block 4 : Demographic and other particulars for all household members Block 5.1: Particulars of overnight trips completed by household members during last 30 days Block 5.2: Particulars of same-day trips completed by household members during last 30 days Block 6.1: Particulars of expenditure ( in Rs.) for latest 3 trips in last 30 days covered in block 5.1 Block 6.2: Particulars of aggregate expenditure ( in Rs.) for all trips in last 30 days covered in block 5.2 Block 7: Remarks by investigator/senior investigator Block 8: Comments by superintendent/ senior superintendent Block 9: Comments by other supervisory officer

Abstract

The economic and social importance of domestic tourism in a country like India, endowed with a splendid cultural and historical heritage, hardly needs to be emphasised. However, tourism, by itself, does not constitute any specific industry or sector in the economy. Rather, it is a composite of several traditional sectors like transport, accommodation, etc. Besides, tourism has linkages with distinct patterns of consumption and expenditure. Therefore, the importance of tourism in the national economy is manifold: in generating employment in various industries like hospitality, handicrafts, transport services etc. It also uniquely serves the purpose of maintenance of familial and social bonds, which is a great Indian tradition. Further, in view of the increase in tourism in recent years, tourism-specific development and investment requirements are also on the rise in the national economy.

This schedule is designed to collect detailed information on 'domestic tourism' in India through a nationwide household survey in the 65th round of NSS. This will provide a comprehensive assessment of household characteristics, visitor characteristics, trip characteristics and expenditure characteristics in relation to domestic tourism in India.

Geographic coverage

The survey will cover the whole of the Indian Union except (i) interior villages of Nagaland situated beyond five kilometres of the bus route and (ii) villages in Andaman and Nicobar Islands which remain inaccessible throughout the year.

Analysis unit

Household

Universe

All households of India

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Outline of sample design: A stratified multi-stage design has been adopted for the 65th round survey. The first stage units (FSU) are the 2001 census villages (Panchayat wards in case of Kerala) in the rural sector and Urban Frame Survey (UFS) blocks in the urban sector. For towns with no UFS frame available (to be referred as 'non-UFS towns'), each town has been treated as an FSU. The ultimate stage units (USU) are households in both the sectors. In case of large FSUs, one intermediate stage of sampling is the selection of two hamlet-groups (hgs)/ sub-blocks (sbs) from each rural/ urban FSU.

Sampling Frame for First Stage Units: For the rural sector, the list of 2001 census villages (the term 'village' means Panchayat wards for Kerala) has constituted the sampling frame. For the urban sector, the list of latest available UFS blocks has been considered as the sampling frame. For non-UFS towns, the list of towns as per Census 2001 has been the sampling frame.

Stratification for FSU:

Rural sector: All villages of a district will form a separate stratum.

Urban sector: In the urban sector, strata will be formed within each NSS region on the basis of size class of towns as per Census 2001 town population. This departure has been made in the stratification principle in order to facilitate generation of town-class wise estimates to satisfy the requirements of the user ministries. The stratum numbers and their composition (within each region) are given below.

Stratum Composition (within NSS region) 1 All towns with population < 50,000
2 All towns with population 50,000 - 99,999
3 All towns with population 1,00,000 - 4,99,999
4 All towns with population 5,00,000 - 9,99,999
5, 6, …. Each million plus city

The non-UFS towns, if any, within an NSS region will be grouped together to form separate urban strata as per the size classes (in terms of population).

Sub-stratification: There has been no sub-stratification in the rural sector and for strata corresponding to non-UFS towns.

Total sample size (FSUs): 12928 FSUs for central sample and 13996 FSUs for state sample have been allocated at all-India level.

Allocation of total sample to States and UTs:
The total number of sample FSUs is allocated to the States and UTs in proportion to population as per census 2001 subject to a minimum sample allocation to each State/ UT. While doing so, the resource availability in terms of number of field investigators has been kept in view.

Allocation of State/ UT level sample to rural and urban sectors: State/ UT level sample is allocated between two sectors in proportion to population as per census 2001 with 1.5 weightage to urban sector subject to the restriction that urban sample size for bigger states like Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu etc. should not exceed the rural sample size. A minimum of 4 FSUs is allocated to each state/ UT separately for rural and urban areas. Further the State level allocations for both rural and urban have been adjusted marginally in a few cases to ensure that each stratum gets a minimum allocation of 4 FSUs.

Sampling deviation

There was no deviation from the original sampling design.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Schedule 21.1 is on domestic tourism and consists of ten blocks with two blocks, viz, Block 5 and Block 6, having two sub-blocks each, namely, Block 5.1 & Block 5.2 and Block 6.1 & Block 6.2 respectively.

Block 0: Descriptive identification of sample household Block 1 : Identification of sample household Block 2: Particulars of field operations Block 3 : Household characteristics Block 4 : Demographic and other particulars for all household members Block 5.1: Particulars of overnight trips completed by household members during last 30 days Block 5.2: Particulars of same-day trips completed by household members during last 30 days Block 6.1: Particulars of expenditure ( in Rs.) for latest 3 trips in last 30 days covered in block 5.1
Block 6.2: Particulars of aggregate expenditure ( in Rs.) for all trips in last 30 days covered in block 5.2
Block 7: Remarks by investigator/senior investigator Block 8: Comments by superintendent/ senior superintendent Block 9: Comments by other supervisory officer

Abstract

The World Bank Enterprise Survey (WBES) is a firm-level survey of a representative sample of an economy's private sector. The surveys cover a broad range of topics related to the business environment including access to finance, corruption, infrastructure, competition, and performance.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

The primary sampling unit of the study is the establishment. An establishment is a physical location where business is carried out and where industrial operations take place or services are provided. A firm may be composed of one or more establishments. For example, a brewery may have several bottling plants and several establishments for distribution. For the purposes of this survey an establishment must make its own financial decisions and have its own financial statements separate from those of the firm. An establishment must also have its own management and control over its payroll.

Universe

The universe of inference includes all formal (i.e., registered) private sector businesses (with at least 1% private ownership) and with at least five employees. In terms of sectoral criteria, all manufacturing businesses (ISIC Rev 4. codes 10-33) are eligible; for services businesses, those corresponding to the ISIC Rev 4 codes 41-43, 45-47, 49-53, 55-56, 58, 61-62, 69-75, 79, and 95 are included in the Enterprise Surveys. Cooperatives and collectives are excluded from the Enterprise Surveys. All eligible establishments must be registered with the registration agency. In the case of India, the definition of registration of the 6th Economic Census (EC) was used, where registration can be from any of the following: Shops and Commercial Establishments Act; Companies Act, 1956; Factories Act, 1948; Central Excise/Sales Tax Act; Societies Registration Act; Co-operative Societies Act; Directorate of Industries; KVIC/KVIB/DC: Handloom/Handicrafts; Registered with other relevant agencies.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The WBES use stratified random sampling, where the population of establishments is first separated into non-overlapping groups, called strata, and then respondents are selected through simple random sampling from each stratum. The detailed methodology is provided in the Sampling Note (https://www.enterprisesurveys.org/content/dam/enterprisesurveys/documents/methodology/Sampling_Note-Consolidated-2-16-22.pdf). Stratified random sampling has several advantages over simple random sampling. In particular, it:

• produces unbiased estimates of the whole population or universe of inference, as well as at the levels of stratification
• ensures representativeness by including observations in all of those categories
• produces more precise estimates for a given sample size or budget allocation, and
• may reduce implementation costs by splitting the population into convenient subdivisions.

The WBES typically use three levels of stratification: industry classification, establishment size, and subnational region (used in combination). Starting in 2022, the WBES bases the industry classification on ISIC Rev. 4 (with earlier surveys using ISIC Rev. 3.1). For regional coverage within a country, the WBES has national coverage.

Note: Refer to Sampling Structure section in "The India 2022 World Bank Enterprise Survey Implementation Report" for detailed methodology on sampling.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The standard WBES questionnaire covers several topics regarding the business environment and business performance. These topics include general firm characteristics, infrastructure, sales and supplies, management practices, competition, innovation, capacity, land and permits, finance, business-government relations, exposure to bribery, labor, and performance. Information about the general structure of the questionnaire is available in the Enterprise Surveys Manual and Guide (https://www.enterprisesurveys.org/content/dam/enterprisesurveys/documents/methodology/Enterprise-Surveys-Manual-and-Guide.pdf).

The questionnaire implemented in the India 2022 WBES included additional questions covering contractual disputes, COVID-19, green economy, delayed payments, invoice discounting (TReDS or similar services), government support, attitudes towards taxes, training costs, and childcare support. These questions were selected in collaboration with the members of the WB local country team.

Response rate

Overall survey response rate was 61.8%.

This resource is a member of a series. The TIGER/Line shapefiles and related database files (.dbf) are an extract of selected geographic and cartographic information from the U.S. Census Bureau's Master Address File / Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing (MAF/TIGER) Database (MTDB). The MTDB represents a seamless national file with no overlaps or gaps between parts, however, each TIGER/Line shapefile is designed to stand alone as an independent data set, or they can be combined to cover the entire nation. Census tracts are small, relatively permanent statistical subdivisions of a county or equivalent entity, and were defined by local participants as part of the 2020 Census Participant Statistical Areas Program. The Census Bureau delineated the census tracts in situations where no local participant existed or where all the potential participants declined to participate. The primary purpose of census tracts is to provide a stable set of geographic units for the presentation of census data and comparison back to previous decennial censuses. Census tracts generally have a population size between 1,200 and 8,000 people, with an optimum size of 4,000 people. When first delineated, census tracts were designed to be homogeneous with respect to population characteristics, economic status, and living conditions. The spatial size of census tracts varies widely depending on the density of settlement. Physical changes in street patterns caused by highway construction, new development, and so forth, may require boundary revisions. In addition, census tracts occasionally are split due to population growth, or combined as a result of substantial population decline. Census tract boundaries generally follow visible and identifiable features. They may follow legal boundaries such as minor civil division (MCD) or incorporated place boundaries in some States and situations to allow for census tract-to-governmental unit relationships where the governmental boundaries tend to remain unchanged between censuses. State and county boundaries always are census tract boundaries in the standard census geographic hierarchy. In a few rare instances, a census tract may consist of noncontiguous areas. These noncontiguous areas may occur where the census tracts are coextensive with all or parts of legal entities that are themselves noncontiguous. For the 2010 Census, the census tract code range of 9400 through 9499 was enforced for census tracts that include a majority American Indian population according to Census 2000 data and/or their area was primarily covered by federally recognized American Indian reservations and/or off-reservation trust lands; the code range 9800 through 9899 was enforced for those census tracts that contained little or no population and represented a relatively large special land use area such as a National Park, military installation, or a business/industrial park; and the code range 9900 through 9998 was enforced for those census tracts that contained only water area, no land area.

In the past four centuries, the population of the United States has grown from a recorded 350 people around the Jamestown colony of Virginia in 1610, to an estimated 331 million people in 2020. The pre-colonization populations of the indigenous peoples of the Americas have proven difficult for historians to estimate, as their numbers decreased rapidly following the introduction of European diseases (namely smallpox, plague and influenza). Native Americans were also omitted from most censuses conducted before the twentieth century, therefore the actual population of what we now know as the United States would have been much higher than the official census data from before 1800, but it is unclear by how much. Population growth in the colonies throughout the eighteenth century has primarily been attributed to migration from the British Isles and the Transatlantic slave trade; however it is also difficult to assert the ethnic-makeup of the population in these years as accurate migration records were not kept until after the 1820s, at which point the importation of slaves had also been illegalized. Nineteenth century In the year 1800, it is estimated that the population across the present-day United States was around six million people, with the population in the 16 admitted states numbering at 5.3 million. Migration to the United States began to happen on a large scale in the mid-nineteenth century, with the first major waves coming from Ireland, Britain and Germany. In some aspects, this wave of mass migration balanced out the demographic impacts of the American Civil War, which was the deadliest war in U.S. history with approximately 620 thousand fatalities between 1861 and 1865. The civil war also resulted in the emancipation of around four million slaves across the south; many of whose ancestors would take part in the Great Northern Migration in the early 1900s, which saw around six million black Americans migrate away from the south in one of the largest demographic shifts in U.S. history. By the end of the nineteenth century, improvements in transport technology and increasing economic opportunities saw migration to the United States increase further, particularly from southern and Eastern Europe, and in the first decade of the 1900s the number of migrants to the U.S. exceeded one million people in some years. Twentieth and twenty-first century The U.S. population has grown steadily throughout the past 120 years, reaching one hundred million in the 1910s, two hundred million in the 1960s, and three hundred million in 2007. In the past century, the U.S. established itself as a global superpower, with the world's largest economy (by nominal GDP) and most powerful military. Involvement in foreign wars has resulted in over 620,000 further U.S. fatalities since the Civil War, and migration fell drastically during the World Wars and Great Depression; however the population continuously grew in these years as the total fertility rate remained above two births per woman, and life expectancy increased (except during the Spanish Flu pandemic of 1918).

Since the Second World War, Latin America has replaced Europe as the most common point of origin for migrants, with Hispanic populations growing rapidly across the south and border states. Because of this, the proportion of non-Hispanic whites, which has been the most dominant ethnicity in the U.S. since records began, has dropped more rapidly in recent decades. Ethnic minorities also have a much higher birth rate than non-Hispanic whites, further contributing to this decline, and the share of non-Hispanic whites is expected to fall below fifty percent of the U.S. population by the mid-2000s. In 2020, the United States has the third-largest population in the world (after China and India), and the population is expected to reach four hundred million in the 2050s.

Abstract

Agriculture plays an important role in India's economy. It provides gainful employment to a large section of population of the country, particularly, the rural population. It contributes to the socio-cultural development of the farming community. The land holding provides them the confidence and strength to stay and survive in the society. In view of the importance of agriculture, Government of India has been conducting comprehensive Agriculture Censuses for collection of data on structure and characteristics of agricultural holdings, as part of World Census of Agriculture Programme since 1970-71. Operational holding, being the basic unit of decision-making in agriculture, detailed data on structure of agricultural holdings and its characteristics are necessary for formulation of any meaningful and effective strategy for agricultural development.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Households

Universe

The statistical unit was the operational holding, defined as an entity comprising all land that is used wholly or partly for agricultural production and is operated as one technical unit by one person alone or with others, without regard to the title, legal form, size or location. A technical unit was defined as the unit that is under the same management and has the same means of production, such as labour force, machinery, animals, credit, etc. The operated area includes both cultivated and uncultivated area, provided that a part of it is put to agricultural production during the reference period.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

(a) Sampling design For the collection of data in the Agriculture Census, an approach of Census-cum-sample survey has been adopted. Various States in the country have been grouped in to two categories i.e. land record States and non-land record States. Those States where comprehensive land records are maintained giving information on land and its utilization, cropping pattern etc are called land record States and those States where such information is not maintained in the form of land-records are called nonland record States. In land record States data on Agriculture Census is pooled for all the parcels of an operational holding irrespective of its location. However, for operational convenience the outer limit for pooling is restricted to taluka. This pooling is done for each operational holder in the village of his residence. In the non-land record States the data is collected through sample survey following household enquiry approach in 20% of villages in each block. In these selected villages, all the operational holdings are enumerated following household enquiry approach.Thus in land record States no sampling is resorted to for data collection for the number and area of operational holdings and in nonland record States sampling of villages in each block/taluka is resorted to

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Three questionnaires were used, one for each of the three phases of the census:

· Phase I questionnaire, for collecting data on number and area of operational holdings, according to the prescribed size classes2 for different social groups,3 types of holdings' and gender.

· Phase II questionnaire, for collecting data on: (i) dispersal of holdings; (ii) tenancy and terms of leasing; (iii) land utilization; (iv) irrigation status and source-wise area irrigated; (v) cropping pattern

· Phase III questionnaire, for collecting additional data.

The AC 2011 questionnaires covered 12 items of the 16 core items recommended for the WCA 2010 round. The exceptions were: (i) "Presence of aquaculture on the holding" (ii) "Other economic production activities of the holding's enterprise" (iii) "Number of animals on the holding for each livestock type" (iv) "Presence of forests and other woodland on the holding"

See questionnaire in external materials.

Cleaning operations

(a) DATA PROCESSING AND ARCHIVING In-house software was developed for data entry and processing of census data. Data entry, data validation and error correction, the generation of trial tables, and the generation of final tables and their examination by states or UTs took place according to the three phases of the census. All questionnaires were manually scrutinized by the statistical staff before they were submitted for data entry. Data are archived at tehsil level and are available in the public domain. The data entry and processing software included checks of census data for inconsistencies and mismatch.

Data appraisal

Census data are compiled at the national and tehsil level. The All India Report of Agriculture Census 2010-2011 is based on the data collected during Phase-II of the Census. The detailed data of AC 2010/2011 results are available on the website of the Department of Agriculture, Cooperation & Farmers' Welfare.

Consumer spending across India amounted to 24.57 trillion rupees by the end of the second quarter of 2024. It reached an all-time high during the fourth quarter of 2023. What is consumer spending? Consumer spending refers to the total money spent on final goods and services by individuals and households in an economy. It is an important metric that directly impacts the GDP of a country. Items that qualify as consumer spending include durable and nondurable goods and services. Various factors such as debt held by consumers, wages, supply and demand, taxes, and government-based economic stimulus can impact consumer spending in a country. Positive consumer outlook in India India’s consumer spending reflects a positive outlook with renewed consumer confidence post-COVID. Its consumer market is set to become one of the largest in the world as the number of middle- to high-income households rises with increasing amounts of disposable incomes. The country’s young demographic is also considered a driving force for increased consumer spending. Consumer electronics such as smartphones, laptops, and gaming consoles were the preferred items among Indian holiday shoppers in 2023.