In 2022, there were more than 3.5 million people aged between 15 and 59 years registered in Bangkok, the capital of Thailand. Approximately 1.2 million adults aged 60 years and older were officially registered that same year.

In 2024, the number of inhabitants in the Bangkok Metropolitan Area, Thailand, was estimated to amount to around 11.2 million people. The figures show a gradual increase in Bangkok's population in the last 10 years. Bangkok’s most populated and most popular areas Bangkok experienced rapid growth between the 1960s and 1980s and has developed into one of Southeast Asia's leading commercial markets, a hub for real estate, retail, manufacturing, commerce, transportation, and financial services, despite challenges and political instability over the last decades. Khlong Sam Wa, Sai Mai, and Bang Khae, located on the outskirts, are the most populated districts in Bangkok, with comparatively low rental prices. In contrast, rather expensive areas around Wireless Road, upper and lower Sukhumvit, Sathorn, and Silom are particularly sought after by high-income residents and working expatriates. Bangkok’s housing prices Local buyers are facing difficulties as a result of Bangkok's increasing interest rates, which have reduced house affordability, as well as a lack of confidence in the economy. The price index of townhouses in Bangkok has shown increases since 2013. The same goes for single-detached houses and condominiums. Long-term demand will be limited by Thailand's aging population, and many prospective new purchasers, particularly Millennials and Gen Y, often choose to rent instead of buying.

In 2023, the population density of Bangkok was around 3,488 people per square kilometer, lower than the previous year, which was over 3,500 people per square kilometer. This value has slightly decreased over the past few years.

Population density per pixel at 100 metre resolution. WorldPop provides estimates of numbers of people residing in each 100x100m grid cell for every low and middle income country. Through ingegrating cencus, survey, satellite and GIS datasets in a flexible machine-learning framework, high resolution maps of population counts and densities for 2000-2020 are produced, along with accompanying metadata. DATASET: Alpha version 2010 and 2015 estimates of numbers of people per grid square, with national totals adjusted to match UN population division estimates (http://esa.un.org/wpp/) and remaining unadjusted. REGION: Africa SPATIAL RESOLUTION: 0.000833333 decimal degrees (approx 100m at the equator) PROJECTION: Geographic, WGS84 UNITS: Estimated persons per grid square MAPPING APPROACH: Land cover based, as described in: Linard, C., Gilbert, M., Snow, R.W., Noor, A.M. and Tatem, A.J., 2012, Population distribution, settlement patterns and accessibility across Africa in 2010, PLoS ONE, 7(2): e31743. FORMAT: Geotiff (zipped using 7-zip (open access tool): www.7-zip.org) FILENAMES: Example - AGO10adjv4.tif = Angola (AGO) population count map for 2010 (10) adjusted to match UN national estimates (adj), version 4 (v4). Population maps are updated to new versions when improved census or other input data become available. Thailand data available from WorldPop here.

Abstract

IPUMS-International is an effort to inventory, preserve, harmonize, and disseminate census microdata from around the world. The project has collected the world's largest archive of publicly available census samples. The data are coded and documented consistently across countries and over time to facillitate comparative research. IPUMS-International makes these data available to qualified researchers free of charge through a web dissemination system.

The IPUMS project is a collaboration of the Minnesota Population Center, National Statistical Offices, and international data archives. Major funding is provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation and the Demographic and Behavioral Sciences Branch of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Additional support is provided by the University of Minnesota Office of the Vice President for Research, the Minnesota Population Center, and Sun Microsystems.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Households

UNITS IDENTIFIED: - Dwellings: No - Vacant units: No - Households: Yes - Individuals: Yes - Group quarters: Yes - Special populations: No

UNIT DESCRIPTIONS: - Dwellings: Buildings or construction structures, boats, rafts, and cars used as a living place. - Households: A household refers to one person or many persons living in the same house. They seek for, consume, and utilize all facilities together for a living, regardless of whether they are relatives or not. - Group quarters: Households which compose of several people living together because of certain rules or regulations indicating that they must live together, or needed to stay together for their own benefit. There are two kinds: instituted households [institutions] and special households.

Universe

All Thai nationals residing in Thailand on the census date; foreign civilians who normally reside in Thailand or who temporarily reside in Thailand 3 months or more before the census date; any individual who has normally resided in Thailand but was away for military training, sailing, or temporarily travelling abroad; and Thai civil/military/diplomatic officers and their families who normally have their offices in foreign countries.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

MICRODATA SOURCE: National Statistical Office

SAMPLE DESIGN: The sample was obtained by drawing a stratified sample of "Long Form" questionnaires. The strata were Bangkok and the four regions (Central, North, Northeastern, South) of Thailand, cross-classified by municipal and nonmunicipal areas.

SAMPLE UNIT: Household

SAMPLE FRACTION: 1%

SAMPLE SIZE (person records): 388,141

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The population was enumerated with Form 2. There were two types of Form 2: (i) A Short Form which was used to collect information on 11 population characteristics for every household, and (ii) a Long Form with 26 population questions and 18 housing questions. Part 1 of the Long Form identifies the household; Part 2 collects information on the individuals; and Part 3 contains housing questions which were asked of private households only. For Bangkok and all non-municipal areas, the enumeration was carried out in two stages. In stage one, private households were enumerated using the Short Form, while collective households were enumerated using the Long Form (but were not asked questions on housing characteristics). In stage two, a 20% of private households were selected for another enumeration with the Long Form. For all other municipal areas, all persons and households were enumerated using the Long Form, but collective households were not asked detailed housing questions.

In 1800, the population of the territory that makes up present-day Thailand was approximately 4.7 million people. As part of the kingdom of Siam, the population of Thailand would grow gradually through the 19 th century, with much of the population growth being driven by Chinese emigration from southern Qing China into Siam, in search of work and refuge from instability in their home country. This migrant influx would continue throughout the century, with estimates suggesting that the Chinese population in Siam grew from 230,000 in 1825, to over 792,000 in 1910; by 1932, over 12 percent of the population in modern-day Thailand was ethnically Chinese. Migration from China would see another surge under the reign of Vajiravudh, as the "Warlord era" in China, after the fall of the Qing dynasty, would see entire families of Chinese immigrants arriving in Thailand. While immigration would slow in later years, Chinese-Thai would remain a significant demographic in Thailand’s population, both as one of the largest overseas Chinese populations, and accounting for an estimated 11-14 percent of the total Thailand population in 2012.

Population growth would slow somewhat in the 1930s, as several rebellions and coups, paired with a rise in anti-Chinese sentiment in the country, would result in a sharp decline in immigration to the country. In the years following the Second World War, the population of Thailand would begin to grow rapidly, following a wave of urbanization and a significant increase in standard of living throughout the country. As a result, the population of Thailand would rise from approximately 20 million in 1950, to just under 63 million by the turn of the century just 50 years later. This population growth would slow somewhat as the country would continue to modernize in the 2000s, and in 2020, it is estimated that just under 70 million people live in Thailand.

There were 59 100 000 Facebook users in Thailand in March 2024, which accounted for 84% of its entire population. The majority of them were women - 52.5%. People aged 25 to 34 were the largest user group (20 200 000). The highest difference between men and women occurs within people aged 18 to 24, where women lead by 4 700 000.

Abstract

The Population and Housing Census 2010 in Thailand was the eleventh Population Census and the fifth Housing Census of Thailand, and marked the 100th Anniversary of Thai Population Census. The objective of the census was to collect basic information on the number of population on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics as well as housing characteristics of everyone residing in the country.

It contains data on: - characteristics of the household - personal characteristics - literacy and education - fertility - employment - migration - disabilities - housing characteristics

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

Households and individuals

Universe

Population Coverage 1) Population covered: - All Thais citizens residing in Thailand on the Census day (September 1, 2010); - Thais/Non-Thais who usually live in Thailand but temporarily outside the country on the Census Day; - All military servants, defenses, civil servants, and Thai diplomats, including their families, of which their stations were outside of Thailand. - Non-Thais who residing in Thailand at least three months prior to the Census Day. 2) Population not covered: - Non-Thai military servants, defenses, civil servants, and diplomats, including their families, of which their stations were inside Thailand. - Non-Thai who live in Thailand less than three months prior to the Census Day. - Refugees or illegal migrants who live in the refugee camps.

Housing Coverage All house or dwelling where people live in such as private houses, buildings, public housing, rooms in office, domiciles under bridges, etc

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

Microdata encompasses 1% of the Census 2010, which enumerated around 20.3 million households, or 65.9 million persons.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

As of March 2024, the population of those who were no older than 15 years old in Thailand amounted to approximately 11.04 million, which was the highest compared to other age groups. The next largest age group was between the ages of 46 and 55, with a total of around 10.24 million people.  Population development in Thailand Thailand is the fourth most populated country among all ASEAN (Association of South-East Asian Nations) member countries. The recent total population in the country stood at around 70 million. While the total population number is expected to increase, the number of children in Thailand has decreased over the years. Thailand’s aging society   Thailand is one of the fastest-aging countries in the world. As of January 2023, the proportion of senior citizens in Thailand stood at 18 percent. The elderly population in the country is predicted to continue growing steadily in the future. Therefore, ASEAN established the ASEAN Centre for Active Aging and Innovation (ACAI) in 2018 under the leadership of Thailand. ACAI aims to promote healthy aging and enhance the lifelong quality of aging in Thailand and other ASEAN countries.

UNICEF's country profile for Thailand, including under-five mortality rates, child health, education and sanitation data.

The total population in Thailand was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2029 by in total 0.1 million people (+0.14 percent). The total population is estimated to amount to 70.4 million people in 2029. Notably, the total population was continuously increasing over the past years.This indicator describes the total population in the country at hand. This total population of the country consists of all persons falling within the scope of the census.Find more key insights for the total population in countries like Indonesia, Vietnam, and Brunei.

Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the Chiang Mai, Thailand metro area from 1950 to 2025. United Nations population projections are also included through the year 2035.

Wages in Thailand increased to 15715.16 THB/Month in the third quarter of 2024 from 15328.54 THB/Month in the second quarter of 2024. This dataset provides - Thailand Average Monthly Wages - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In 2020, the average age in Thailand is expected to reach 38.2 years, twenty years higher than in 1980, when it began to rise after a steady decrease in prior years. Previously, from 1950 to 1975, the average age hovered around 17 years. The increased average age corresponds with rising life expectancy globally, accelerating especially around the mid-twentieth century onward. In this century, the life expectancy in Thailand has increased by roughly 2.5 years since 2007, reaching 78.39 in 2017. The standard of living is increasing In Thailand, people ages 15 to 64 have consistently made up the majority of the population from 2007 to 2017. In this time, the older population grew increased by about three percent, while the younger population shrunk at roughly the same rate. This indicates that many people within the middle age category are reaching 65 or older, and that the birth rate is simultaneously declining. Birth rates are declining Every year, families are having fewer children in Thailand, with a fertility rate of less than 1.5 children per women of childbearing age in 2017. This is not necessarily a bad sign – it points towards increasing healthcare and living standards. Another indicator for this is the decreasing infant mortality in Thailand, meaning more of the children born each year survive. Lower infant mortality also contributes to the calculations of a higher life expectancy, and thus affects the country’s median age.

Key information about Thailand Labour Force Participation Rate

• Thailand Labour Force Participation Rate dropped to 67.4 % in Feb 2025, compared with 67.5 % in the previous month.
• Thailand Labour Force Participation Rate is updated monthly, available from Jan 2011 to Feb 2025, with an average rate of 68.8 % .
• The data reached the an all-time high of 73.6 % in Jul 2011 and a record low of 66.1 % in Oct 2019.
• Thailand Labour Force Participation Rate is reported by reported by National Statistical Office.
• In the latest reports, Thailand Population reached 66.0 million people in Dec 2024.
• Unemployment Rate of Thailand dropped to 0.8 % in Dec 2024.
• The country's Monthly Earnings stood at 442.5 USD in Dec 2024.

In 2021, more than 92 percent of the Thai population were Buddhists. This was followed by 5.4 percent of Thais who were Muslim, and 1.2 percent declared to be Christians. While Buddhism is prevalent all over the country, the Muslim community is primarily found in the southern provinces.

In 2023, Bangkok had the highest population density of all provinces in Thailand, with almost 3,500 people per square kilometer. Nonthaburi followed second, with a population density of around 2,100 people per square kilometer.

Key information about Thailand Monthly Earnings

• Thailand Monthly Earnings stood at 442 USD in Dec 2024, compared with the previous figure of 470 USD in Nov 2024
• Thailand Monthly Earnings data is updated monthly, available from Jan 2001 to Dec 2024, with an average number of 349 USD
• The data reached the an all-time high of 479 USD in Dec 2020 and a record low of 145 USD in Jan 2002

CEIC converts Monthly Earnings into USD. The Bank of Thailand provides Monthly Average Wage in local currency based on ISIC Rev. 4. Federal Reserve Board average market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. Monthly Earnings prior to January 2011 are based on ISIC Rev. 3.


Further information about Thailand Monthly Earnings

• In the latest reports, Thailand Population reached 66 million people in Dec 2024
• Unemployment Rate of Thailand dropped to 1 % in Dec 2024
• The country's Labour Force Participation Rate dropped to 69 % in Dec 2024

Key information about Thailand Household Income per Capita

• Thailand Annual Household Income per Capita reached 3,756.344 USD in Dec 2023, compared with the previous value of 3,728.753 USD in Dec 2021.
• Thailand Annual Household Income per Capita data is updated yearly, available from Dec 1981 to Dec 2023, with an averaged value of 1,292.258 USD.
• The data reached an all-time high of 3,756.344 USD in Dec 2023 and a record low of 384.846 USD in Dec 1986.
• In the latest reports, Retail Sales of Thailand grew 0.336 % YoY in Apr 2023.

CEIC calculates Annual Household Income per Capita from Monthly Average Household Income per Capita multiplied by 12 and converts it into USD. National Statistical Office provides Average Household Income per Capita in local currency. Federal Reserve Board average market exchange rate is used for currency conversions.

In 2023, the share of rural population in Thailand decreased by 0.7 percentage points (-1.49 percent) compared to 2022. In 2023, the share thereby reached its lowest value in recent years. Rural population refers to people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the difference between the total population and urban population.Find more key insights for the share of rural population in countries like Myanmar and Cambodia.